CN114377039B - Extraction and separation method of ganoderma lucidum multicomponent and application of ganoderma lucidum multicomponent in preparation of artificially planted ganoderma lucidum extract - Google Patents
Extraction and separation method of ganoderma lucidum multicomponent and application of ganoderma lucidum multicomponent in preparation of artificially planted ganoderma lucidum extract Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114377039B CN114377039B CN202111661334.XA CN202111661334A CN114377039B CN 114377039 B CN114377039 B CN 114377039B CN 202111661334 A CN202111661334 A CN 202111661334A CN 114377039 B CN114377039 B CN 114377039B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ganoderma lucidum
- ganoderma
- extraction
- extract
- extracting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
- A61K36/07—Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
- A61K36/074—Ganoderma
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation, decoction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/53—Liquid-solid separation, e.g. centrifugation, sedimentation or crystallization
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting and separating multiple components of ganoderma lucidum and application of the method in preparation of artificially planted ganoderma lucidum extracts, and belongs to the technical field of ganoderma lucidum deep processing. The extraction and separation method of the ganoderma lucidum multicomponent comprises the following steps: crushing ganoderma lucidum, extracting, and carrying out multistage separation on the extract to obtain ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide enriched material and ganoderma lucidum triterpene enriched material, wherein the extracting feed liquid ratio of the extract is 1:18-22, the extracting temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the multistage separation is that the extract is separated by adopting a nanofiltration membrane with 1000 molecular weight to obtain ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, and the ganoderma lucidum triterpene is separated by adopting a nanofiltration membrane with 500 molecular weight. The preparation method of the invention effectively improves the purity of the beneficial components, the purity of the ganoderan can reach about 10 percent, the production cost of ganoderma lucidum products is reduced, the heavy metal and pesticide residues are obviously reduced, and the product safety is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ganoderma lucidum deep processing, in particular to a ganoderma lucidum multicomponent extraction and separation method and application thereof in preparation of artificially planted ganoderma lucidum extracts.
Background
Ganoderma is umbrella-shaped, and has renal shape, semicircular shape or nearly circular shape, and is fruiting body of Ganoderma of Polyporaceae. Through chemical analysis, the fruiting body and mycelium of ganoderma lucidum contain polysaccharide, various amino acids, organic germanium, steroid and triterpene, and pharmacological research shows that ganoderma lucidum has the functions of protecting liver, detoxifying, strengthening heart, soothing nerves, relieving pain, treating tinnitus, tonifying lung qi, benefiting joints and the like. The chemical properties of ganoderma lucidum, particularly the chemical components contained in ganoderma lucidum, are the material basis for determining the properties of ganoderma lucidum. The modern nutritional ingredient analysis results show that the ganoderma lucidum has rich nutritional ingredients and high nutritional value, contains amino acids, fatty acids, major and trace elements, vitamins C, E, carotene and bioactive polysaccharides which are necessary for human body, and is a good source of dietary fibers necessary for human health.
The traditional ganoderma lucidum extraction method has low extraction efficiency, low polysaccharide purity, greatly influenced ganoderma lucidum biological activity and unsatisfactory economic benefit. The prior art discloses a method for extracting and separating ganoderma lucidum spore powder in multiple components, which takes ganoderma lucidum spore powder as a raw material, adds water for soaking, adds compound enzyme according to a proportion for enzymolysis, adopts centrifugal filtration after ultrasonic reflux extraction, and respectively obtains filtrate and filter residues; filtering the filtrate to remove bacteria, separating the filtrate with ultrafiltration membrane, and collecting Ganoderma polysaccharide solution and amino acid solution respectively; adding 75% v/v ethanol into the residue for percolating, centrifuging the percolate, concentrating, recovering ethanol to obtain Ganoderma triterpene soft extract; respectively obtaining extracts after freeze drying: ganoderan, ganoderan triterpene, and ganoderan amino acid. The extraction method requires complex enzyme treatment process, has high extraction cost and complex operation, and finally improves the extraction amount of the total polysaccharide of ganoderma lucidum and the purity of extracted ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and ganoderma lucidum triterpene compared with the existing water extraction and alcohol extraction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and shortcomings that the extraction efficiency of components such as ganoderan is low, the extraction purity of ganoderan is low and high-quality artificial ganoderma lucidum products cannot be prepared in the existing ganoderma lucidum deep processing, and provides a ganoderma lucidum multicomponent extraction and separation method.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
a method for extracting and separating multiple components of Ganoderma comprises the following steps:
crushing Ganoderma, extracting, separating the extract in multiple stages to obtain ganoderan concentrate and Ganoderma triterpene concentrate,
wherein the ratio of the extracted feed liquid is 1:18-22, the extraction temperature is 60-80 ℃,
the multistage separation is to separate the extract by adopting a nanofiltration membrane with a molecular weight of 1000 to obtain a ganoderan enrichment substance, and separate the extract by adopting a nanofiltration membrane with a molecular weight of 500 to obtain a ganoderan enrichment substance.
In a specific embodiment, the extraction temperature of the extraction affects the extraction purity of the polysaccharide concerned, and also affects the extraction yield of the extracted product, i.e. the extraction yield and the subsequent separation effect.
The temperature of the nanofiltration membrane multistage separator subjected to vacuum concentration and vacuum drying is lower than the temperature and the vacuum degree of the traditional treatment process, so that the nanofiltration membrane multistage separator is more beneficial to preserving effective substances and improving the extraction purity of ganoderan and ganoderic triterpene.
The selection of the molecular weight of the nanofiltration membrane for multistage separation is also important, and the invention adopts the nanofiltration membrane with the molecular weight of 1000 to separate and obtain the ganoderan, so that the purity of the ganoderan in the ganoderan extract can be further improved.
Preferably, the extract is subjected to centrifugal microfiltration before multistage separation, and the microfiltration clear liquid is subjected to multistage separation through membrane separation.
Wherein, 5-10% pure water of extract mass is added in the centrifugal treatment process. Residual feed liquid of the centrifugal machine can be exchanged through water supplementing treatment, and the purification effect of centrifugal separation treatment is better.
Preferably, the filtration pressure of the microfiltration treatment is less than or equal to 0.32MPa, and the filtration temperature is less than or equal to 55 ℃.
The pressure is controlled to ensure better filtering effect, the pore diameter of the ceramic membrane is changed along with the increase of the temperature, the filtering rate of the feed liquid is increased, but the filtering purity is reduced, and the quality of the product is influenced.
In the microfiltration treatment, pure water with 15-20% of the extract mass is added. Pure water is added in the microfiltration treatment, so that on one hand, the microfiltration treatment temperature can be reduced, a better membrane filtration effect is achieved, and on the other hand, the concentration of the filtered liquid can be diluted, and the effective components can be separated to a greater extent.
The microfiltration treatment process of the invention adopts ultrafiltration membrane to remove a large amount of macromolecular impurities, so that the purity of the extract is improved, and the effective components of ganoderma lucidum, such as ganoderan and ganoderma lucidum triterpene in the prepared ganoderma lucidum extract are obviously higher than the standard.
Preferably, the multistage separation comprises vacuum concentration and vacuum drying after separation, wherein the vacuum concentration temperature is 65-75 ℃, and the vacuum concentration vacuum degree is less than or equal to-0.095 MPa.
Preferably, the temperature of the vacuum drying is 70-75 ℃, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum drying is less than or equal to-0.097 MP.
The temperature of the nanofiltration membrane multistage separator subjected to vacuum concentration and vacuum drying is lower than the temperature and the vacuum degree of the traditional treatment process, and the nanofiltration membrane multistage separator is more beneficial to retaining effective substances.
In a specific embodiment, the extraction method of the present invention is preferably wall breaking extraction.
In a specific embodiment, in order to further optimize the extraction effect, the cycle time of the wall breaking extraction is preferably 15 to 20 minutes.
More preferably, the cycle time of the wall breaking extraction is 18min.
More preferably, the extraction liquid ratio is 1:20, and the extraction temperature is 60 ℃.
In specific embodiments, the method for extracting multiple components of ganoderma lucidum can be specifically and specifically referred to as follows:
(1) Crushing wild Ganoderma, and pulverizing to obtain Ganoderma powder;
(2) Feeding: the mixed raw materials are put into a feeding tank, and water is added to be stirred uniformly;
(3) Extracting: conveying the feed liquid to an extraction wall breaking unit for extraction;
(4) And (3) centrifuging: centrifuging the material extracting solution to obtain a centrifugate;
(5) Microfiltration: filtering the centrifugate by a ceramic membrane to obtain micro-filtration liquid;
(6) Membrane separation: the wild ganoderma lucidum micro-filtration liquid is subjected to multistage separation:
firstly, separating by a nanofiltration membrane with 1000 molecular weight to obtain a beneficial component enrichment substance with the main component of ganoderan; then separating by a nanofiltration membrane with the molecular weight of 500 to obtain a beneficial component enrichment substance with the main component of ganoderma lucidum triterpene;
(7) Vacuum concentration: vacuum concentrating the membrane separating liquid, and collecting when the concentration of the extract is controlled to be 28-32 Baume;
(8) Vacuum drying to obtain the enrichment of beneficial components of wild Ganoderma.
The residual liquid of the extracting solution is discarded in the membrane separation step, the ganoderma lucidum extract prepared by the method has obviously reduced heavy metal and pesticide residues and better product safety.
The invention also specifically protects application of the ganoderma lucidum multicomponent extraction and separation method in preparation of artificially planted ganoderma lucidum extract.
The application of the method can be preparation of instant lucid ganoderma essence or preparation of artificial lucid ganoderma blended instant lucid ganoderma essence.
The specific method for preparing the artificial ganoderma lucidum blended instant ganoderma lucidum essence can be referred to as follows:
extracting wild ganoderma according to the ganoderma multicomponent extraction and separation method, and performing multistage separation to obtain ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide concentrate and ganoderma lucidum triterpene concentrate;
extracting artificial Ganoderma according to the above method, and performing multistage separation to obtain Ganoderma polysaccharide concentrate and Ganoderma triterpene concentrate;
and matching the ganoderan enrichment of the artificial ganoderma lucidum and the ganoderan enrichment of the ganoderma lucidum according to the mass ratio of the ganoderan enrichment and the ganoderan enrichment in the wild ganoderma lucidum to obtain the instant essence of the artificial planted ganoderma lucidum.
The method comprises the steps of extracting and separating wild ganoderma lucidum, determining the component proportion of the wild ganoderma lucidum, extracting and separating the wild ganoderma lucidum by using artificial ganoderma lucidum with lower price, and quantitatively blending according to the component proportion to obtain instant ganoderma lucidum essence similar to the characteristics of the wild ganoderma lucidum. The lucid ganoderma instant essence uses artificially planted lucid ganoderma as a raw material, but the characteristic of the solution prepared by soaking the lucid ganoderma instant essence is very similar to that of a wild lucid ganoderma instant solution, so that the lucid ganoderma instant essence can be used as a substitute of the wild lucid ganoderma, and the production cost of the lucid ganoderma instant essence is reduced.
The artificially planted ganoderma lucidum instant essence prepared by the method can standardize standard production due to clear component proportion, and the consistency of product batches is obviously improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the extraction and separation method of the ganoderma lucidum multicomponent, disclosed by the invention, the extraction purity of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and ganoderma lucidum triterpene in ganoderma lucidum is obviously improved through the combination of specific extraction technology and nanofiltration membrane filtration with different molecular weight grades, the content of ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide can reach about 10%, the content of ganoderma lucidum triterpene can reach more than 2.25mg/g, the content of ganoderma lucidum triterpene is obviously higher than the standard of Chinese pharmacopoeia, the metal and pesticide residue in ganoderma lucidum extract is obviously reduced through the combination of the separation and purification technology, the biological safety is obviously improved, the high-quality manufacturing of the artificially planted ganoderma lucidum extract is realized, and the production cost of ganoderma lucidum products is greatly reduced.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments, but the examples are not intended to limit the invention in any way. Raw materials reagents used in the examples of the present invention are conventionally purchased raw materials reagents unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A method for extracting and separating multiple components of Ganoderma comprises the following steps:
crushing Ganoderma, extracting, and multi-stage separating to obtain ganoderan concentrate and Ganoderma triterpene concentrate.
The specific operation is as follows:
1. crushing (breaking): crushing 5Kg of ganoderma lucidum, and then crushing the ganoderma lucidum until the ganoderma lucidum can pass through a 30-mesh screen;
2. feeding: taking 5Kg of mixed raw materials as one-time feeding, putting the mixed raw materials into a feeding tank, adding 100L of hot water according to a feed water ratio of 1:20, and uniformly stirring the materials at the temperature of 60 ℃;
3. extracting: conveying the feed liquid to an extraction wall breaking unit for extraction, wherein the extraction cycle time is 18min;
4. and (3) centrifuging: centrifuging the material extract, wherein the frequency of a centrifugal main machine is 42.0Hz, the frequency of an auxiliary machine is 32.0Hz, the feeding frequency is 11.0Hzz, and 10% pure water is added in the centrifuging process;
5. microfiltration: ceramic membrane filtration is carried out on the centrifugate, the operating pressure is 0.32MPa, the temperature is 50 ℃, and 15 percent of pure water is added in the microfiltration process;
6. membrane separation: separating Ganoderma micro-filtration liquid by multistage separation, firstly separating with nanofiltration membrane with 1000 molecular weight to obtain beneficial component concentrate containing Ganoderma polysaccharide as main component; then separating by a nanofiltration membrane with the molecular weight of 500 to obtain a beneficial component enrichment substance with the main component of ganoderma lucidum triterpene; discarding the extraction residue;
7. vacuum concentrating, namely vacuum concentrating the concentrated solution at 70 ℃ and vacuum degree of-0.090 MPa, and collecting when the concentration of the extract is controlled at 30 Baume.
8. Vacuum drying, namely vacuum drying the concentrated extract, wherein the drying temperature is 70 ℃ and the vacuum degree is-0.090 MPa.
Example 2
A preparation method of instant Ganoderma essence by compounding artificial Ganoderma comprises the following steps:
extracting wild ganoderma according to the ganoderma lucidum multicomponent extraction and separation method of the embodiment 1, and performing multistage separation to obtain ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide enriched material and ganoderma lucidum triterpene enriched material;
according to the multi-component extraction and separation method of ganoderma lucidum of the above embodiment 1, extracting the artificial ganoderma lucidum, and performing multistage separation to obtain a ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide enriched product and a ganoderma lucidum triterpene enriched product;
and matching the ganoderan enrichment and the ganoderan enrichment of the artificial ganoderma lucidum according to the mass ratio of the ganoderan enrichment and the ganoderan enrichment in the wild ganoderma lucidum to obtain the instant essence of the artificial planted ganoderma lucidum.
Example 3
A method for extracting and separating multiple components of Ganoderma comprises the following steps:
crushing Ganoderma, extracting, and multi-stage separating to obtain ganoderan concentrate and Ganoderma triterpene concentrate.
The specific operation is as follows:
1. crushing (breaking): 5Kg of ganoderma lucidum is crushed and then crushed until the ganoderma lucidum can pass through a 30-mesh screen.
2. Feeding: 5Kg of mixed raw materials are taken as one-time feeding, put into a feeding tank, 100L of hot water is added according to the ratio of 1:20, the temperature of the feed liquid is 80 ℃, and the mixture is stirred uniformly.
3. Extracting: and conveying the feed liquid to an extraction wall breaking unit for extraction, wherein the extraction cycle time is 20min.
4. And (3) centrifuging: centrifuging the material extract, wherein the frequency of a centrifugal main machine is 42.0Hz, the frequency of an auxiliary machine is 32.0Hz, the frequency of a feeding machine is 14.0Hz, and 5% pure water is added in the centrifuging process.
5. Microfiltration: the centrifugate is filtered by ceramic membrane, the operating pressure is 0.32MPa, the temperature is 55 ℃, and 20 percent of pure water is added in the microfiltration process.
6. Membrane separation: separating Ganoderma micro-filtration liquid by multistage separation, firstly separating with nanofiltration membrane with 1000 molecular weight to obtain beneficial component concentrate containing Ganoderma polysaccharide as main component; then separating by a nanofiltration membrane with the molecular weight of 500 to obtain a beneficial component enrichment substance with the main component of ganoderma lucidum triterpene; discarding the extraction residue;
7. vacuum concentrating, namely vacuum concentrating the concentrated solution at 65 ℃ and vacuum degree of-0.095 MPa, and collecting when the concentration of the extract is controlled at 30 Baume.
8. Vacuum drying: and (3) carrying out vacuum drying on the concentrated extract, wherein the drying temperature is 75 ℃, and the vacuum degree is-0.097 MPa.
Example 4
A preparation method of instant Ganoderma essence by compounding artificial Ganoderma comprises the following steps:
extracting wild ganoderma according to the ganoderma lucidum multicomponent extraction and separation method of the embodiment 2, and performing multistage separation to obtain ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide enriched material and ganoderma lucidum triterpene enriched material;
according to the multi-component extraction and separation method of ganoderma lucidum of the above embodiment 2, extracting the artificial ganoderma lucidum, and performing multistage separation to obtain a ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide enriched product and a ganoderma lucidum triterpene enriched product;
and matching the ganoderan enrichment and the ganoderan enrichment of the artificial ganoderma lucidum according to the mass ratio of the ganoderan enrichment and the ganoderan enrichment in the wild ganoderma lucidum to obtain the instant essence of the artificial planted ganoderma lucidum.
Comparative example 1
A Ganoderma extract and its preparation method are described, which are prepared according to the preparation method of example 1 in CN 106072632A.
Result detection
(1) Detection of ganoderan
And (3) configuration of a to-be-tested product: the method comprises the steps of weighing about 2g of sample powder, precisely weighing, placing into a round bottom flask, adding 50mL of water, heating for 1 hour in a boiling water bath, filtering while the mixture is hot, washing filter paper with boiling water for multiple times, cooling the filtrate, fixing the volume to 100mL, shaking up, precisely weighing 5mL, slowly dripping 75mL of ethanol while stirring, shaking up, placing at 4 ℃ for 12 hours, centrifuging, discarding supernatant, dissolving precipitate with hot water, transferring the precipitate into a 50mL measuring flask, cooling, adding water to a scale, shaking up, taking a proper amount of solution, centrifuging, precisely weighing 3mL of supernatant, placing into a 25mL measuring flask, adding water to the scale, shaking up, and obtaining the product.
Preparation of a control solution: taking proper amount of anhydrous glucose reference substance, precisely weighing, and adding water to obtain solution containing 0.12mg per 1 mL.
Preparation of a standard curve: precisely measuring 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2mL of reference substance solution, respectively placing into 10mL test tubes with plugs, respectively adding water to 2.0mL, rapidly and precisely adding anthrone sulfate solution (precisely weighing 0.1g of anthrone, adding 100mL of sulfuric acid to dissolve and shaking uniformly) into 6mL, immediately shaking uniformly, standing for 15 minutes, immediately placing into an ice bath for cooling for 15 minutes, taking out, taking the corresponding reagent as a blank, irradiating with ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (generally 0401), measuring absorbance at 625nm wavelength, taking absorbance as an ordinate, taking concentration as an abscissa, and drawing a standard curve.
Assay: precisely measuring 2mL of the sample solution, placing the sample solution into a 10mL test tube with a plug, and performing the same operation from the step of rapidly and precisely adding 6mL of the anthrone sulfate solution according to the method under the standard curve preparation item, measuring the absorbance, reading the content of anhydrous glucose in the sample solution from the standard curve, and calculating to obtain the product.
The raw materials are calculated according to dry product, and the sample content contains ganoderan and anhydrous glucose (C 6 H 12 O 6 ) And (5) counting.
(2) Detection of ganoderma lucidum triterpenes
And (3) configuration of a to-be-tested product: taking about 2g of the product powder, precisely weighing, accurately adding 50mL of absolute ethyl alcohol into a 250mL conical flask with a plug, covering the plug, shaking uniformly, placing into an ultrasonic extractor for ultrasonic extraction for 1h, shaking frequently during the extraction, mixing uniformly after the extraction, taking a proper volume, centrifuging in a 8000r/min centrifuge for 10min, and taking supernatant as a sample extracting solution for later use.
Standard curve: accurately transferring 0mL, 0.1mL, 0.2mL, 0.3mL, 0.4mL and 0.5mL of oleanolic acid standard stock solution into a 10mL test tube, wherein the standard quality is 0 mug, 20 mug, 40 mug, 60 mug, 80 mug and 100 mug respectively. Placing the test tube into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 90-100 ℃ to volatilize the solvent, adding 0.1mL of 5% vanillin glacial acetic acid solution and 0.8mL of perchloric acid, uniformly mixing, and then performing heat preservation and color development for 20min in the water bath with the temperature of 60 ℃. Taking out, rapidly cooling in ice water bath for 3-5 min, stopping chromogenic reaction, adding 5.0mL glacial acetic acid, mixing, standing at room temperature for 10min, immediately adjusting zero point with 1cm cuvette, and measuring absorbance at 550nm wavelength with 0 tube. And drawing a standard curve by taking the quality of the oleanolic acid standard product as an ordinate and the corresponding absorbance as an abscissa.
Sample measurement: accurately transferring 0.3mL of sample extracting solution into a 10mL test tube, placing the sample extracting solution into a water bath kettle with the temperature of 90-100 ℃ to volatilize the solvent, simultaneously taking a reagent blank, and calculating the total triterpene content according to the absorbance of the sample extracting solution. If the total triterpene content measured value in the sample exceeds the standard curve range, the total triterpene content measured value should be determined again after the removal volume is properly diluted or increased.
The test results of examples and comparative examples are shown in the following Table 1:
table 1.
| Composition of the components | Example 1 | Example 2 | Comparative example 1 | Standard requirements |
| Ganoderan (%) | 9.31 | 8.93 | 4.19 | Chinese pharmacopoeia (more than or equal to 0.9%) |
| Ganoderma lucidum triterpene (%) | 2.29 | 2.25 | 2.15 | Chinese pharmacopoeia (more than or equal to 0.5%) |
As shown in the table, the effective components of the ganoderma lucidum obtained by the ganoderma lucidum preparation method are enriched, which is obviously higher than the products prepared by the standard and common methods.
In order to further determine the safety of the artificial ganoderma lucidum extract, the detection of related heavy metals and pesticide residue indexes is carried out, and the detection results are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 heavy metal and pesticide residue index
As can be seen from the detection results in the table 2, the ganoderma lucidum extract prepared by the method has the advantages of obviously lower heavy metal and pesticide residues, lower requirements on related standards and good safety.
(4) Economical efficiency
The ganoderma lucidum extract prepared by the ganoderma lucidum multicomponent extraction method can be prepared by taking artificially planted ganoderma lucidum as a raw material, extracting the ganoderma lucidum extract with high ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide and ganoderma lucidum triterpene content, and blending the ganoderma lucidum extract to meet the requirements of a wild ganoderma lucidum extract product, so that the component quality can meet the quality requirements of the wild ganoderma lucidum product, the production cost is greatly reduced by the artificial ganoderma lucidum extract blending, and the specific cost is reduced as shown in the following table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Project | Price of |
| Price of wild ganoderma lucidum | 180 yuan/kg |
| Price of artificial ganoderma lucidum | 48 yuan/kg |
| Wild ganoderma lucidum amount required by single-branch specification product | 6g |
| The amount of artificial ganoderma lucidum needed by single specification product | 10g |
From the above table, the cost price of the amount of wild ganoderma lucidum required for producing the single specification product can be calculated according to the amount of wild ganoderma lucidum required for producing the single specification product, and the cost price is as follows: 180 x 6 = 1080 elements.
According to the amount of the artificial ganoderma lucidum needed for producing the single specification product, the cost price of the amount of the artificial ganoderma lucidum needed for producing the single specification product can be calculated as follows: 48 x 10 = 480 yuan
As can be seen from the comparison of the cost and the price, the production cost of the instant lucid ganoderma essence prepared by blending the artificial lucid ganoderma can be reduced by 600 yuan, and the cost of the instant lucid ganoderma essence which is produced by adopting the artificial lucid ganoderma and has the efficacy equivalent to that of wild lucid ganoderma is 44.4 percent of that of the wild lucid ganoderma, so that the cost is obviously reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.
It is to be understood that the above examples of the present invention are provided by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the invention are desired to be protected by the following claims.
Claims (1)
1. The method for extracting and separating the ganoderma lucidum multicomponent is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Crushing: crushing 5Kg of ganoderma lucidum, and then crushing the ganoderma lucidum until the ganoderma lucidum can pass through a 30-mesh screen;
(2) Feeding: taking 5Kg of mixed raw materials as one-time feeding, putting the mixed raw materials into a feeding tank, adding 100L of hot water according to a feed water ratio of 1:20, and uniformly stirring the materials at the temperature of 60 ℃;
(3) Extracting: conveying the feed liquid to an extraction wall breaking unit for extraction, wherein the extraction cycle time is 18min;
(4) And (3) centrifuging: centrifuging the material extract, wherein the frequency of a centrifugal main machine is 42.0Hz, the frequency of an auxiliary machine is 32.0Hz, the frequency of feeding is 11.0Hz, and 10% pure water is added in the centrifuging process;
(5) Microfiltration: ceramic membrane filtration is carried out on the centrifugate, the operating pressure is 0.32MPa, the temperature is 50 ℃, and 15 percent of pure water is added in the microfiltration process;
(6) Membrane separation: separating Ganoderma micro-filtration liquid by multistage separation, firstly separating with nanofiltration membrane with 1000 molecular weight to obtain beneficial component concentrate containing Ganoderma polysaccharide as main component; then separating by a nanofiltration membrane with the molecular weight of 500 to obtain a beneficial component enrichment substance with the main component of ganoderma lucidum triterpene; discarding the extraction residue;
(7) Vacuum concentrating, namely vacuum concentrating the concentrated solution at 70 ℃ and vacuum degree of-0.090 MPa, and collecting when the concentration of the extract is controlled at 30 Baume;
(8) Vacuum drying, namely vacuum drying the concentrated extract, wherein the drying temperature is 70 ℃ and the vacuum degree is-0.090 MPa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111661334.XA CN114377039B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Extraction and separation method of ganoderma lucidum multicomponent and application of ganoderma lucidum multicomponent in preparation of artificially planted ganoderma lucidum extract |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111661334.XA CN114377039B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Extraction and separation method of ganoderma lucidum multicomponent and application of ganoderma lucidum multicomponent in preparation of artificially planted ganoderma lucidum extract |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114377039A CN114377039A (en) | 2022-04-22 |
| CN114377039B true CN114377039B (en) | 2023-07-21 |
Family
ID=81199032
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111661334.XA Active CN114377039B (en) | 2021-12-30 | 2021-12-30 | Extraction and separation method of ganoderma lucidum multicomponent and application of ganoderma lucidum multicomponent in preparation of artificially planted ganoderma lucidum extract |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114377039B (en) |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107903331A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-13 | 福建农大菌草技术开发公司 | The method of disposable quick separating ganoderma active polysaccharide peptide and triterpenic acid |
| CN110330575B (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2021-11-30 | 浏阳朗林生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of ganoderma lucidum extract |
| CN110833567A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-25 | 福建省幸福生物科技有限公司 | Method for multi-component extraction and separation of ganoderma lucidum spore powder |
-
2021
- 2021-12-30 CN CN202111661334.XA patent/CN114377039B/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114377039A (en) | 2022-04-22 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108653417B (en) | Method for extracting sorbus nigromaculata and extract thereof | |
| CN101973984B (en) | Method for extracting general flavones from bamboo leaves | |
| CN105695277B (en) | A kind of preparation method of matrimony vine Spirit | |
| CN106755234B (en) | Preparation method and application of green tea hypoglycemic peptide | |
| CN109055472A (en) | A kind of complex enzyme production method of walnut peptide | |
| CN102342340B (en) | Standard quantitatively-blended instant black tea and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107582581A (en) | A kind of extracting method of moringa oleifera leaf extractive | |
| CN106046189A (en) | Extraction and purification method of pumpkin polysaccharide | |
| CN109400741A (en) | A kind of isolation and purification method of ganoderma spore polysaccharide | |
| CN108359571B (en) | Production process of white tea fruit distilled liquor | |
| CN114377039B (en) | Extraction and separation method of ganoderma lucidum multicomponent and application of ganoderma lucidum multicomponent in preparation of artificially planted ganoderma lucidum extract | |
| CN111978758A (en) | Preparation method of high-purity cocoa shell color | |
| CN104357527B (en) | A kind of method that microbe fermentation method extracts Tea Saponin from leached tea oil slag | |
| WO2020042559A1 (en) | Method for synchronously extracting lycopene and citrulline from watermelon | |
| CN114107418B (en) | Preparation method of ginseng polypeptide | |
| CN108276467A (en) | A kind of Tea Saponin and its extraction process and application | |
| CN108530553A (en) | A kind of preparation method of chick-pea neutral polysaccharide | |
| KR0124968B1 (en) | Preparation of dietary fiber from white ginseng marc | |
| CN107198668B (en) | Extract of antioxidant components in camellia seed hulls as well as extraction method and application thereof | |
| CN107286702B (en) | A method of separating different tone Gardenia Yellows from Gardenia Yellow dry fruit | |
| CN112043733A (en) | Production method of water-soluble ginkgo leaf extract | |
| CN111187361A (en) | Preparation method of dendrobium officinale polysaccharide | |
| CN107793493A (en) | A kind of extracting method of grub polysaccharide and its application | |
| CN110537652A (en) | Cordyceps militaris and ginkgo leaf health-care beverage and preparation method thereof | |
| CN107242511A (en) | A kind of tasty melon seeds of Siberian solomonseal rhizome polysaccharide and preparation method thereof |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |