CN114377027A - 白头翁皂苷B4在制备治疗或预防SARS-CoV-2的药物的用途 - Google Patents
白头翁皂苷B4在制备治疗或预防SARS-CoV-2的药物的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114377027A CN114377027A CN202210170320.6A CN202210170320A CN114377027A CN 114377027 A CN114377027 A CN 114377027A CN 202210170320 A CN202210170320 A CN 202210170320A CN 114377027 A CN114377027 A CN 114377027A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种白头翁皂苷B4在制备治疗或预防SARS‑CoV‑2感染引起的COVID‑19的药物的用途。B4通过对自身免疫调节作用,一方面免疫细胞杀死病原微生物,另一方面降低病原微生物引起的炎症,从而起到对肺的保护作用,对新型冠状病毒SARS‑CoV‑2感染引起ACE2小鼠具有一定的保护作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药技术领域。更具体地说,本发明涉及一种白头翁皂苷B4在制备治疗或预防SARS-CoV-2的药物的用途。
背景技术
新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎以发热、乏力、干咳为主要表现,少数患者伴有鼻塞、流涕、腹泻等症状。重症病例会出现呼吸困难,严重者快速发展为急性呼吸窘迫综合征、脓毒症休克等肺损伤症状。由于针对COVID-19无特效药物治疗。因此加强新冠肺炎治疗的相关研究,探索治疗新冠肺炎的方法,具有十分重要的意义。
目前,临床上治疗肺炎及肺损伤的的药物如抗生素、激素(地塞米松)、抗病毒药物(利巴韦林)等,对新冠肺炎都不具有治疗作用,说明直接去杀伤引起肺炎病原微生物的药物不一定具有治疗新冠肺炎的作用。B4是中药白头翁(Pulsatilla chinensis(Bunge)Regel) 的干燥根中分离得到三萜皂苷类化合物。申请人研究发现,白头翁皂苷B4是一类不直接杀伤病原微生物且安全极高的化合物。目前对白头翁皂苷B4对防治SARS-CoV-2感染引起的COVID-19尚未见报道。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是解决至少上述问题,并提供至少后面将说明的优点。
本发明还有一个目的是提供一种白头翁皂苷B4在制备治疗或预防SARS-CoV-2的药物的用途,B4通过对自身免疫调节作用,一方面免疫细胞杀死病原微生物,另一方面降低病原微生物引起的炎症,从而起到对肺的保护作用,对新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2) 感染引起ACE2小鼠具有一定的保护作用。
为了实现根据本发明的这些目的和其它优点,提供了一种白头翁皂苷B4在制备治疗或预防SARS-CoV-2感染引起的COVID-19的药物的用途。
优选的是,所述药物含有治疗有效量的白头翁皂苷B4和药学上可接受的载体。
优选的是,所述药物含有治疗有效量的白头翁皂苷B4的盐酸盐、高氯酸盐、甲磺酸盐、磷酸盐、柠檬酸盐或硫酸盐和药学上可接受的载体。
优选的是,药学上可接受的载体包括稀释剂、增溶剂、潜溶剂、崩解剂、分散剂、润滑剂、矫味剂、抗氧剂、粘合剂、吸收剂、湿润剂、缓冲剂、交联剂。
优选的是,所述药物被制成药学上允许的剂型。
优选的是,所述剂型包括丸剂、片剂、粉剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、散剂、滴丸、滴剂、喷雾剂、注射剂、混悬液。
优选的是,所述剂型为静脉制剂或雾化制剂。
优选的是,白头翁皂苷B4的给药剂量为不低于0.1mg/kg·d。
本发明至少包括以下有益效果:
本发明评估白头翁皂苷B4药物在hACE2转基因小鼠体内治疗和预防SARS-CoV-2的有效性评价,B4通过对自身免疫调节作用,一方面免疫细胞杀死病原微生物,另一方面降低病原微生物引起的炎症,从而起到对肺的保护作用,对新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2) 感染引起ACE2小鼠具有一定的保护作用。
本发明的其它优点、目标和特征将部分通过下面的说明体现,部分还将通过对本发明的研究和实践而为本领域的技术人员所理解。
附图说明
图1为本发明的各组小鼠肺脏组织病毒载量图;
图2为本发明的各组小鼠肺脏组织HE病理代表图;
图3为B4对病毒复制的抑制率;
图4为B4降低病毒Spike蛋白的水平。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明,以令本领域技术人员参照说明书文字能够据以实施。
应当理解,本文所使用的诸如“具有”、“包含”以及“包括”术语并不排除一个或多个其它元件或其组合的存在或添加。
需要说明的是,下述实施方案中所述实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,所述试剂和材料,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径获得。
白头翁皂苷B4在制备治疗或预防SARS-CoV-2感染引起的COVID-19的药物的用途。
所述药物含有治疗有效量的白头翁皂苷B4和药学上可接受的载体。或者,
所述药物含有治疗有效量的白头翁皂苷B4的盐酸盐、高氯酸盐、甲磺酸盐、磷酸盐、柠檬酸盐或硫酸盐和药学上可接受的载体。
药学上可接受的载体包括稀释剂、增溶剂、潜溶剂、崩解剂、分散剂、润滑剂、矫味剂、抗氧剂、粘合剂、吸收剂、湿润剂、缓冲剂、交联剂。
所述药物被制成药学上允许的剂型。所述剂型包括丸剂、片剂、粉剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、散剂、滴丸、滴剂、喷雾剂、注射剂、混悬液。
白头翁皂苷B4的给药剂量为不低于0.1mg/kg·d。将本发明的药物制剂以单位体重服用量的形式使用。
本发明提取物可通过雾化吸入、口服或者注射的形式施用于需要治疗的患者。
用于口服时,可将其制成片剂、缓释片、控释片、胶囊、滴丸、微丸、混悬剂、乳剂、散剂或颗粒剂(纳米制剂)、口服液等。
用于注射时,可制成灭菌的水性或油性溶液、无菌粉针、脂质体或乳剂等。给药途径可包括肌肉注射、静脉注射、皮内注射、皮下注射、脊椎注射、穴位注射、腹腔注射、关节腔注射、动脉注射等等,选择作为表面活性剂作为增溶剂,选择低分子化合物作为助溶剂,选择焦亚硫酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠、硫代硫酸钠、亚硫酸钠、二丁甲苯酚、生育酚作为抗氧剂,选择EDTA-Na2作为金属离子络合剂,选择苯甲醇、三氯叔丁醇作为抑菌剂(静脉注射、脊椎注射不加),选择氯化钠、葡萄糖调整渗透压等等。由于白头翁皂苷B4注射剂主要用于注射治疗,将其制成溶液型注射剂,故在处方设计中主要考察期澄明度。
例如,制备成雾化吸入剂时,选择脂肪酸山梨坦类物质、聚山梨酯类物质、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚类物质、聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯共聚物、聚乙二醇类物质、环糊精类物质、十二烷基硫酸钠、溴化十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作为增溶剂,选择氯化钠、葡萄糖等作为渗透压调整剂,选择氢氧化钠、碳酸钠、盐酸、醋酸等作为pH调整剂,选择甘油、乙醇、丙二醇等作为潜溶剂,选择尼泊金酯类、苯甲酸及其钠盐、山梨酸及其钾盐等作为防腐剂,选择亚硫酸氢钠、硫代硫酸钠、维生素C、EDTA等作为稳定剂。由于白头翁皂苷B4雾化吸入剂主要用于吸入治疗,将其制成溶液型雾化吸入剂,故在处方设计中主要考察期澄明度、口感舒适度。
例如,制备成气雾剂时,除选择适宜的抛射剂外,主要根据药物的理化性质,选择适宜的附加剂,配制成一定类型的气雾剂,以满足临床用药的需求。气雾剂赋形剂主要为潜溶剂和抛射剂,其中潜溶剂是指甘油、丙二醇、乙醇、水或乙醇水混合体系,抛射剂主要有三氯一氟甲烷(F11)、二氯二氟甲烷(F12)、二氯四氟乙烷(F114),或其中任意两种的混合。除此之外,气雾剂中,还可以加入表面活性剂、助溶剂、助悬剂、抗氧剂等优化气雾剂处方。由于白头翁皂苷B4气雾剂主要用于吸入治疗,将其制成溶液型气雾剂,故在处方设计中主要考察期澄明度、口感舒适度。
例如,制备成喷雾剂时,选择乙醇、甘油、水、丙二醇或其混合物为溶剂;脂肪酸山梨坦类物质、聚山梨酯类物质、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚类物质、聚氧乙烯-聚氧丙烯共聚物、聚乙二醇类物质、环糊精类物质、十二烷基硫酸钠、溴化十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、或其混合物为增溶剂;十二烷基硫酸钠、月桂氮卓酮、月桂酸、月桂酸钠、卵磷脂、油酸、泊洛沙姆、磷酸胆碱等或其混合物为吸收促进剂。由于白头翁皂苷B4喷雾剂主要用于吸入或喷施治疗,将其制成溶液型喷雾剂,故在处方设计中主要考察期澄明度、口感舒适度。
1、材料
1.1实验动物
2021年7月28日从上海南方模式生物科技股份有限公司采购hACE2小鼠15只,进行适应性饲养,期间状态正常。
1.2药物与试剂
无酚红DMEM高糖培养基(货号:E600005-0500,批号FC11FC0255)购自生工生物工程(上海)股份有限公司。DMEM高糖培养基(货号:C11995500BT)、 Penicillin-Streptomycin(货号:15140122)和胎牛血清(货号:10099141)购自ThermoFisherScientific。CCK8检测试剂盒(货号:C0039)购自上海碧云天生物技术有限公司。
白头翁皂苷B4,以下简称B4(广西馨海药业科技有限公司);规格:1g/管;保存条件:2-8℃避光。
毒株:SARS-CoV-2病毒(Pubmed No:MT627325),来源:中国人民解放军海军军医大学生物安全三级实验室,感染剂量:1*104PFU/只。
病毒提取试剂盒:MagaBio plus RNA纯化试剂盒II,杭州博日科技有限公司;
SARS-CoV-2检测试剂:新型冠状病毒2019-ncov核酸检测试剂盒(荧光PCR法),中山大学达安基因股份有限公司,注册证号:国械注准202003100749。
1.3药物配制
称取0.1g B4,加入10mL氯化钠注射液,然后放入50℃温箱中孵育10min,旋涡振荡仪上振荡5min,直至药物完全溶解。药物每天现用现配。
2、方法
2.1动物分组
雄性小鼠15只,等分为三组,分别为模型对照组、腹腔注射组、雾化吸入组。适应性喂养3天,实验室室温为(25±5)℃,相对湿度(40~70)%。常规饲料喂养,自由饮水。采用新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)进行滴鼻攻毒,攻毒剂量为5×104TCID50/只小鼠。攻毒后每天观察小鼠状态,直至小鼠安乐死。腹腔注射组、雾化吸入组攻毒后2h给药1次,以后每天给药1次至第4天。
2.2检测指标
攻毒前第0天及攻毒后第1、2、3、4天测量小鼠体温、体重。攻毒后第5天采样,检测肺脏组织(5个肺叶)病毒载量,以及肺脏组织病理学(HE染色)检查,打分。
2.3细胞和病毒
HPAEpiC以含10%胎牛血清的DMEM高糖完全培养基进行培养,实验前1天将细胞传代一次,使所用细胞处于对数生长期。
病毒:SARS-COV-2,Vero E6细胞内扩增,收取培养液,0.22μm滤膜过滤,0.5mL/ 支分装,-80℃保存。
样品对HPAEpiC细胞的毒性实验:96孔板内,8×104个/孔接种HPAEpiC细胞,37℃,5%CO2培养过夜,待单层细胞长至90%左右时,弃去培养基,加入不同浓度的待测药物,200μL/孔,设3个重复孔。同时设置不含药物的对照孔。37℃,5%CO2培养72h,采用 CCK8试剂盒检测细胞存活率。酶标仪测定OD值,测定波长为450nm,参考波长为630 nm。计算CC50值(50%Cytotoxic Concentration),即对50%的HPAEpiC产生毒性时的药物浓度。
样品对SARS-CoV-2致细胞死亡的的抑制实验:P2实验室内以2×104个/孔接种HPAEpiC细胞到96孔板,37℃,5%CO2培养过夜,待单层细胞长至90%左右时,弃培养基,加入预先配制的样品200μL(设6个浓度梯度,每个梯度三个重复孔)。孵育4h 后转移至P3实验室待用。
P3实验室内,在细胞培养板内,加入病毒(MOI 0.1)。设置不含药物和病毒的阴性对照、不含药物的阳性对照。37℃,5%CO2培养72h,采用CCK8试剂盒检测细胞存活率,Bio-Tek EON微孔板检测仪测定OD值,测定波长为450nm,参考波长为630nm。计算药物对病毒复制的抑制率和IC50。
3、实验结果
3.1体温
模型对照组、腹腔注射组、雾化吸入组第0、1、2、3、4天的小鼠体温如表1所示, 32℃为体温检测设备的检测下限,小鼠体温低于32℃时按32℃取值。统计软件:GraphPadPrism8.0.1;统计方法:Two-way ANOVA。
表1
3.2体重
模型对照组、腹腔注射组、雾化吸入组第0、1、2、3、4天的小鼠体重如表2所示。统计软件:GraphPad Prism8.0.1;统计方法:Two-way ANOVA。
表2
3.3肺脏组织病毒载量
模型对照组、腹腔注射组、雾化吸入组第5天的小鼠的肺脏组织病毒载量如图1所示。统计软件:GraphPad Prism8.0.1;统计方法:Two-way ANOVA/One-way ANOVA。
3.4肺脏组织病理学检测
肺脏组织评分标准为:
1)肺间隔:
“-”:未见肺间隔增宽;
“+”:肺间隔轻度增宽,病变范围<25%;
“++”:肺间隔中度增宽、融合、炎细胞浸润,病变范围25%-50%;
“+++”:肺间隔重度增宽、融合、炎细胞浸润,病变范围50%-75%;
“++++”:肺间隔极重度增宽、融合、炎细胞浸润,病变范围>75%;
2)炎细胞浸润、肺泡淤血:
“-”未见病变;
“+”:轻度/少量病变,病变范围/病变量<25%;
“++”:中度/中等量病变,病变范围/病变量25-50%;
“+++”:重度/多量病变,病变范围/病变量50-75%;
“++++”:极重度/大量病变,病变范围/病变量>75%。
模型对照组、腹腔注射组、雾化吸入组第5天的小鼠的肺脏组织半定量分级如表3所示,病变程度如表4所示,病理学(HE染色)如图2所示。
表3
表4
3.5细胞实验结果
1)B4对HPAEpiC细胞存活率的影响,结果如表5所示,可以看出,B4对HPAEpiC 细胞存活率没有明显的影响。
表5
2)B4对病毒复制的抑制率,结果如图3所示,可以看出,B4明显降低病毒的拷贝量,IC50=34.175±2.595μM。
3)B4对病毒蛋白的水平的影响,结果如图4所示,可以看出,B4降低病毒Spike 蛋白的水平。
4结论
(1)SARS-CoV-2感染hACE2转基因小鼠模型构建成功。
(2)体温检测结果:攻毒后,各组小鼠体温均从第三天(3dpi)开始下降,其中腹腔注射组小鼠在攻毒后第二天(2dpi)和第三天(3dpi)体温变化与模型对照组比均有显著差异。
(3)体重检测结果:攻毒后,各组小鼠体重均呈下降趋势,从第三天(3dpi)开始体重下降更加明显,其中腹腔注射组小鼠在攻毒后第二天(2dpi)和第四天(4dpi)体重变化与模型对照组比均有显著差异。
(4)肺组织病毒载量检测结果:腹腔注射组和雾化吸入组小鼠肺组织病载均下降,与模型对照组比均有显著差异。
(5)肺组织病理学检测结果:腹腔注射组和雾化吸入组组与模型对照组比,可见肺组织病理损伤程度明显改善。
(6)细胞实验结果显示B4对病毒复制具有明显抑制作用,IC50为34.175±2.595μM。
(7)B4明显降低病毒Spike蛋白的水平。
这里说明的设备数量和处理规模是用来简化本发明的说明的。对本发明的应用、修改和变化对本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的。
尽管本发明的实施方案已公开如上,但其并不仅仅限于说明书和实施方式中所列运用,它完全可以被适用于各种适合本发明的领域,对于熟悉本领域的人员而言,可容易地实现另外的修改,因此在不背离权利要求及等同范围所限定的一般概念下,本发明并不限于特定的细节和这里示出与描述的图例。
Claims (8)
1.白头翁皂苷B4在制备治疗或预防SARS-CoV-2感染引起的COVID-19的药物的用途。
2.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述药物含有治疗有效量的白头翁皂苷B4和药学上可接受的载体。
3.如权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述药物含有治疗有效量的白头翁皂苷B4的盐酸盐、高氯酸盐、甲磺酸盐、磷酸盐、柠檬酸盐或硫酸盐和药学上可接受的载体。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的用途,其特征在于,药学上可接受的载体包括稀释剂、增溶剂、潜溶剂、崩解剂、分散剂、润滑剂、矫味剂、抗氧剂、粘合剂、吸收剂、湿润剂、缓冲剂、交联剂。
5.如权利要求1-4任一项所述的用途,其特征在于,所述药物被制成药学上允许的剂型。
6.如权利要求5所述的用途,其特征在于,所述剂型包括丸剂、片剂、粉剂、胶囊剂、颗粒剂、散剂、滴丸、滴剂、喷雾剂、注射剂、混悬液。
7.如权利要求6所述的用途,其特征在于,所述剂型为静脉制剂或雾化制剂。
8.如权利要求5所述的用途,其特征在于,白头翁皂苷B4的给药剂量为不低于0.1mg/kg·d。
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