CN114377023A - 二蒽酮类化合物制备、其防治糖尿病高脂血症等胰岛素抵抗相关代谢性疾病的用途 - Google Patents
二蒽酮类化合物制备、其防治糖尿病高脂血症等胰岛素抵抗相关代谢性疾病的用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于医药技术领域,涉及二蒽酮类化合物在制备治疗糖尿病或高脂血症药物中的用途,具体而言,本发明公开了如通式(I)所示的二蒽酮类化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备人蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B抑制剂中的应用;在制备预防和/或治疗糖尿病及其相关代谢性疾病药物中的应用;以及在制备预防和/或治疗高脂血症及其相关的代谢性疾病药物中的应用。所述的二蒽酮类化合物是一类从植物(包括何首乌属)中进行提取、分离获得的,这类化合物能用于制备治疗和预防糖尿病、高脂血症等胰岛素抵抗相关代谢性疾病的药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药技术领域,涉及从蓼科何首乌属Fallopia中提取能够增加胰岛素敏感性的二蒽酮类化合物,这种二蒽酮类化合物的制备方法,含有何首乌属植物何首乌Polygonum multiflorum Thunb)或该属二蒽酮类化合物的药物组合物,以及何首乌属植物何首乌Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.或该属二蒽酮类化合物和其药物组合物作为药物的用途,尤其是可用于制备治疗和预防糖尿病、高脂血症等胰岛素抵抗相关的代谢性疾病及其并发症的药物和保健品。
背景技术
胰岛素抵抗指机体对胰岛素的敏感性和(或)反应性降低,是代谢综合征主要的病理生理基础,与糖耐量受损、2型糖尿病及其并发症、肥胖症、血脂紊乱、非酒精性脂肪肝、冠心病等代谢综合征的一系列慢性临床异常密切相关。
胰岛素与细胞膜上的胰岛素受体结合后,激活细胞内胰岛素信号传导系统中一系列信号因子,最后产生相应的生物效应。在胰岛素信号传导系统中,胰岛素受体等许多因子均因发生酪氨酸磷酸化而激活;激活后的因子在蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶的作用下去磷酸化而失活,从而完成一次循环。蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B,PTP1B)是蛋白磷酸酶家族中的重要成员之一,可使激活的胰岛素受体、胰岛素受体底物等信号因子去磷酸化而失活,被认为是胰岛素增敏剂的潜在靶点之一。
胰岛素抵抗机理非常复杂,相应地胰岛素增敏剂的作用靶点也非常多。但目前临床上应用的胰岛素增敏剂均为以PPARγ为作用靶点的噻唑烷二酮类药物。噻唑烷二酮类药物可直接增强2型糖尿病患者对胰岛素的敏感性,使空腹和餐后血糖降低,且不引起低血糖。目前临床用药有罗格列酮、匹格列酮。该类药主要的副作用是水肿和体重增加,罗格列酮因存在心脏病发作隐患被撤市或限制使用。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题是在于提供一种如通式(I)所示的二蒽酮类化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备人蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B抑制剂中的应用;在制备预防和/或治疗糖尿病及其相关代谢性疾病药物中的应用;以及在制备预防和/或治疗高脂血症及其相关的代谢性疾病药物中的应用。
为了解决本发明的技术问题,本发明采取如下的技术方案:
本发明技术方案的第一方面提供了一种如通式(I)所示的二蒽酮类化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备人蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B抑制剂中的应用。
本发明技术方案的第二方面是提供了一种如通式(I)所示的二蒽酮类化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备预防和/或治疗糖尿病及其相关代谢性疾病药物中的应用。
优选的,所述的糖尿病相关代谢性疾病包括糖耐量受、糖尿病、糖尿病并发症。
本发明技术方案的第三方面是提供了一种如通式(I)所示的二蒽酮类化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备预防和/或治疗高脂血症及其相关的代谢性疾病药物中的应用。
优选的,所述的高脂血症相关的代谢性疾病包括高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症。
上述技术方案第一方面、第二方面、第三方面中所述的通式(I)如下所示:
其中通式(I)中:R1、R2、R3、R4各自独立的选自H、-OH、-OCH3、-NH2、-O-Glu、 -Glu、-O-Rha、-O-Gal、-OCH2CH3、-CHO、-CH2OH、-COOH;
R5、R6各自独立的选自H、-OH、-NH2、-O-Glu、-Glu、-O-Rha、-O-Gal、-OCH2CH3、 -CHO、-CH2OH、-COOH;
R7、R8各自独立的选自H、-OH、-OCH3、-NH2、-CHO、-CH2OH、-COOH、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、新丁基、异丁基、叔丁基;
10、10'位手型中心C上的构型分别为10R10'R、10S10'S、10R10'S、10S10'R。
上述技术方案第一方面、第二方面、第三方面中所述的二蒽酮类化合物优选如下化合物:
其中,10、10'位手型中心C上的构型分别为10R10'R、10S10'S、10R10'S、 10S10'R。
本发明技术方案的第四方面还提供了制备这类化合物的方法。何首乌属植物何首乌Polygonum multiflorum Thunb)和/或首乌藤原料经干燥并适当的粉碎,以增加药材与溶剂的接触面积,提高效率。本发明的原料包括何首乌属植物。
原药材的提取溶剂使用水、醇类、或水与醇类的混合物。优选的醇类包括甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇等。水与醇类的混合物,例如含有醇类化合物20%-80% (体积比)的水。提取时溶剂量为原药重量的5-20倍。提取可以在静态或动态下,优选在动态条件下。为了提高提取的效率,可以使用超声波等。提取的温度是从室温(例如20℃)到溶剂回流温度的范围内,优选在回流的温度下。提取可连续或间歇进行,间歇提取时可重复1-5次。
上述步骤结束后,合并滤液,滤液在动态状态下,在常压或减压加热浓缩至药材重量1-5倍的体积时冷却。使用的提取溶剂是醇类化合物包括甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇等,或其混合物;优选是乙醇。静置沉淀,过滤或离心除去不容物,不容物用水洗涤,一般1-3次。将滤液合并进一步浓缩成膏状。
对所得膏状物进行纯化,根据权利要求8所述的提取方法,其特征在于,纯化是通过,大孔吸附树脂、聚酰胺、离子树脂或吸附柱层析、凝胶过滤,得到的有效部位。
吸附柱层析包括硅胶、氧化铝、纤维素、聚酰胺和反相硅胶色谱。吸附剂的用量为样品量的30-200倍,优选80-100倍,更优选为90-100倍。洗脱系统可以用薄层层析来筛分,选择使分离组分的Rf值在0.2-0.3的溶剂系统。
提取液也可以直接用交换柱和膜技术进行精制浓缩后,再制备成浸膏或干粉。可以使用的交换柱包括:大孔吸附树脂、离子交换树脂、活性炭、葡聚糖凝胶等;优选大孔吸附树脂和葡聚糖凝胶。
本发明对蛋白络氨酸磷酸酯酶1B具有抑制活性,对动物胰岛素有增敏作用的。
本发明技术方案的第五方面还涉及含有作为活性成分的本发明如通式(I)所示的二蒽酮类化合物和常规药物赋形剂或辅剂的药物组合物在制备人蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B抑制剂中的应用;在制备预防和/或治疗糖尿病及其相关代谢性疾病药物中的应用;以及在制备预防和/或治疗高脂血症及其相关的代谢性疾病药物中的应用。
通常本发明药物组合物有0.1-95%重量的本发明二蒽酮类化合物。
本发明还提供一种药物组合物,它包括药物有效剂量的,作为活性成分的二蒽酮类化合物及药学上可接受的载体。
本发明二蒽酮类化合物的药物组合物可根据本领域公知的方法制备。用于此目的时,如果需要,可将本发明二蒽酮类化合物与一种或多种固体或液体药物赋形剂和/或辅剂结合,制成可作为人药或兽药使用的适当的施用形式或剂量形式。
本发明二蒽酮类化合物或含有它的药物组合物可以单位剂量形式给药,给药途径可为肠道或非肠道,如口服、鼻腔、口腔黏膜、皮肤、腹膜或直肠给药等,优选口服给药。
本发明二蒽酮类化合物或含有它的药物组合物的给药途径,同样包括注射给药。注射包括静脉注射、肌肉注射、皮下注射等。
给药剂型可以是液体剂型、固体剂型。
本发明二蒽酮类化合物可以支撑普通制剂、也可以是缓释制剂、控制制剂、靶向制剂及各种微粒给药系统。
为了将单位给药剂型制成片剂,可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种载体。关于载体的例子是,例如各种稀释剂与吸收剂。
例如为了将给药单元制成丸剂,可以广泛使用本领域公知的各种载体。关于载体的例子是,例如各种稀释剂与吸收剂。
例如将二蒽酮类化合物制成微囊剂,混悬于水性介质中形成混悬剂;亦可装入硬囊中或制成注射剂应用。
例如,将本发明二蒽酮类化合物制成注射用制剂,如溶液剂、混悬剂溶液剂、乳剂、冻干粉剂等。
为达到用药目的,增加治疗效果,本发明的药物或药物组合物可用任何公知的给药方法给药。
本发明二蒽酮类化合物药物组合物的给药剂量取决于许多因素,例如所要预防或治疗疾病的性质和严重程度,患者或动物的性别、年龄、体重、性格及个体反应,给药途径、给药次数、治疗目的,因此本发明的治疗剂量可以有大范围的变化。一般来讲,本发明中二蒽酮类化合物的使用剂量是本领域技术人员公知的。可以根据本发明二蒽酮类化合物组合物中最后的制剂中所含有的实际药物数量,加以适当的调整,以达到其治疗有效量的要求,完成本发明的预防或治疗目的。本发明二蒽酮类化合物的每天的合适剂量范围本发明的二蒽酮类化合物的用量为 0.000001-10g/kg体重,优选为0.00001-2g/kg体重,最优选为0.001-1g/kg体重。上述剂量可以单一剂量形式或分成几个,例如二、三或四个剂量方式给药受限于给药医生的临床经验以及包括运用其它治疗手段的给药方案。每一种治疗所需总剂量可分成多次或按一次剂量给药。本发明的二蒽酮类化合物或组合物可单独服用,或与其他治疗药物或对症药物合并使用并调整剂量。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施实例对本发明作进一步的阐述,但是不限制本发明。
红外光谱采用美国尼高力公司IMPACT-400型傅里叶变换红外光谱仪,紫外光谱采用UV-Lab 2000型紫外风光光度计测定,ESI-MS采用Waters Synapt G2高分辨质谱仪(美国Waters公司)测定,核磁共振波谱采用美国Variran公司 Mercury-300、400、500和600型核磁共振仪测定,DM-8型大孔树脂(山东鲁抗立科药业有限公司),Sephadex LH-20,瑞典Amersham Pharmacia公司生产,YMC C18反相硅胶填料(ODS-A,GEL公司生产)。
实施例1:
取何首乌属植物何首乌(Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.)干燥块根2kg,粉碎后用70%乙醇加热回流提取三次,提取液合并,减压回收溶剂,得到70%乙醇提取物。70%乙醇提取物,用水溶解,经大孔吸附树脂(DM-8型)分离,依次用水、 20%乙醇、40%乙醇和95%乙醇洗脱,得到四个不同组分,分别为为组分A、B、 C和D。组分D,过YMC C18反相硅胶和Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱柱,分离纯化,得到13个已知二蒽酮类化合物,分别为化合物1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、 11、12和13。
化合物1:Cis-大黄素—大黄素二蒽酮,淡黄色固体,ESI-MS m/z 509.12[M-H]-;1H-NMR(400MHz,CD3COCD3)δH:11.99(OH-8,8′);11.87(OH-1,1′);9.62(OH-6, 6′);6.69(2H,s,H-2,2′);6.33(2H,s,H-4,4′);6.17(2H,s,H-5,5′);6.26(2H,s,H-7,7′); 4.58(2H,s,H-10,10′);2.31(6H,s,CH3-3,3′)。以上数据与参考文献[1-2]一致,因此鉴定该化合物为Cis-大黄素—大黄素二蒽酮。
化合物2:Trans-大黄素—大黄素二蒽酮,淡黄色固体,ESI-MS m/z 509.12[M-H]-;1H-NMR(400MHz,CD3COCD3)δH:12.07(OH-8,8′);11.78(OH-1,1′);9.65(OH-6,6′); 6.64(2H,s,H-2,2′);6.33(2H,s,H-4,4′);6.19(2H,s,H-5,5′);6.33(2H,s,H-7,7′); 4.58(2H,s,H-10,10′);2.26(6H,s,CH3-3,3′)。以上数据与参考文献[1-2]一致,因此鉴定该化合物为Trans-大黄素—大黄素二蒽酮。
化合物3:Polygonumnolide C1,淡黄色固体,HRESI-MS[M-H]-m/z 671.17688。HRESI-MS[M-H]-m/z 671.17679。1H NMR(DMSO,600MHz)δ:6.82(1H, d,J=1.8Hz,H-7),6.68(1H,s,H-2′),6.65(1H,s,H-2),6.40(1H,br s, H-5),6.40(1H,br s,H-4′),6.17(1H,d,J=1.8Hz,H-7′),6.06(1H,br s, H-4),5.90(1H,br s,H-5′),4.67(1H,d,J=7.8Hz,H-1″),4.53(1H,d,J =3.0Hz,H-10),4.50(1H,d,J=3.0Hz,H-10′),3.76(1H,dd,J=1.2Hz,J= 12Hz,H-6″),3.56(1H,dd,J=4.8,12Hz,H-6″),3.31(1H,m,H-2″),3.30 (1H,m,H-3″),3.22(1H,m,H-4″),3.34(1H,mp,H-5″),2.28(1H,s, H-3′-Me),2.20(1H,s,H-3-Me)。以上数据与参考文献[3]一致,因此鉴定该化合物为Polygonumnolide C1。
化合物4:Polygonumnolide C2,淡黄色固体,HRESI-MS[M-H]-m/z 671.17679。1HNMR(DMSO,600MHz)δ:6.81(1H,d,J=2.4Hz,H-7),6.63(1H,s, H-2′),6.57(1H,s,H-2),6.14(1H,br s,H-5),6.14(1H,br s,H-4′),6.14 (1H,d,J=1.8Hz,H-7′),6.08(1H,br s,H-4),5.92(1H,br s,H-5′),4.68 (1H,d,J=7.8Hz,H-1″),4.32(1H,d,J=3.0Hz,H-10),4.32(1H,d,J =3.0Hz,H-10′),3.98(1H,dd,J=1.2,12Hz,H-6″),3.77(1H,dd,J=4.8Hz,J=12Hz,H-6″),3.58(1H,m,H-2″),3.43(1H,m,H-3″),3.43(1H,m, H-4″),3.42(1H,mp,H-5″),2.27(1H,s,H-3′-Me),2.24(1H,s,H-3-Me);13C NMR(DMSO,150MHz)δ:191.4(C-9′),188.6(C-9),166.2(C-6′), 165.8(C-8′),165.2(C-6),163(C-1),162.7(C-1′),162.2(C-8),147.7(C-3′), 146.8(C-3),146.3(C-5a),145(C-5a′),142.4(C-4a),141.4(C-4a′),122.3 (C-4′),121.4(C-4),117.5(C-2′),117.4(C-1a),117.3(C-2),115.9(C-8a), 115.7(C-1a′),112.7(C-5),110.9(C-8a′),110.3(C-5′),106.2(C-7),104.8 (C-1″),103(C-7′),78.6(C-3″),77.5(C-5″),74.5(C-2″),71.2(C-4″),62.6 (C-6″),58(C-10),57(C-10′),22(C-3′-Me),21.9(C-3-Me)。以上数据与参考文献[3]一致,因此鉴定该化合物为Polygonumnolide C2。
化合物5:Polygonumnolide C3,淡黄色固体,HRESIMS[M-H]-m/z 671.17618。1HNMR(MeOD,500MHz)δ:6.91(1H,d,J=2.1Hz,H-7),6.52(1H,br s, H-5),6.49(1H,s,H-2′),6.48(1H,s,H-2),6.29(1H,br s,H-5′),6.25(1H, d,J=2.1Hz,H-7′),5.67(1H,br s,H-4′),5.64(1H,br s,H-4),4.75(1H,d,J=7.2Hz,H-1″),4.22(1H,s,H-10),4.22(1H,s,H-10′),3.99(1H, dd,J=1.5,12Hz,H-6″),3.79(1H,dd,J=5.4,12Hz,H-6″),3.52(1H,m, H-2″),3.52(1H,m,H-3″),3.52(1H,m,H-5″),3.44(1H,m,H-4″),2.14 (1H,s,H-3′-Me),2.12(1H,s,H-3-Me);13C NMR(MeOD,125MHz)δ: 191.3(C-9′),188.5(C-9),166(C-8′),165.4(C-6′),164.7(C-6),162.9(C-1′), 162.2(C-1),161.8(C-8),147.5(C-3′),146.9(C-5a),146.6(C-3),146.4(C-5a′), 140.7(C-4a),139.7(C-4a′),122.2(C-4′),121.8(C-4),117.6(C-2),117.4 (C-1a),117.3(C-2′),117.1(C-8a),115(C-1a′),112.2(C-5),111.9(C-8a′), 109.9(C-5′),106.9(C-7),105.9(C-1″),102.9(C-7′),78.8(C-3″),77.3(C-5″), 74.9(C-2″),71.3(C-4″),62.6(C-6″),57.9(C-10),56.7(C-10′),22.3(C-3′-Me),21.8(C-3-Me)。以上数据与参考文献[3]一致,因此鉴定该化合物为Polygonumnolide C3。
化合物6:Polygonumnolide C4,淡黄色固体,HRESIMS[M-H]-m/z 671.17627。1HNMR(MeOD,600MHz)δ:6.92(1H,d,J=1.8Hz,H-7),6.53(1H,s,H-2′), 6.49(1H,s,H-2),6.47(1H,br s,H-5),6.27(1H,br s,H-5′),6.25(1H, s,H-7′),5.73(1H,br s,H-4′),5.72(1H,br s,H-4),4.73(1H,d,J=7.8Hz, H-1″),4.30(1H,s,H-10),4.26(1H,s,H-10′),3.99(1H,dd,J=1.2,12Hz, H-6″),3.79(1H,dd,J=4.8,12Hz,H-6″),3.57(1H,m,H-2″),3.45(1H, m,H-4″),3.45(1H,m,H-5″),3.44(1H,m,H-3″),2.18(1H,s,H-3′-Me), 2.15(1H,s,H-3-Me);13C NMR(MeOD,150MHz)δ:191.5(C-9′),188.5(C-9), 165.9(C-6′),165.5(C-8′),164.6(C-6),163(C-1),162.9(C-1′),162.1(C-8), 147.8(C-3′),147.5(C-4a),146.5(C-3),146.3(C-5a′),140.8(C-5a),139.9 (C-4a′),122.5(C-4′),121.6(C-4),117.5(C-2′),117.4(C-2),116.9(C-8a), 116.7(C-1a),114.9(C-1a′),112.1(C-5),111.8(C-8a′),109.7(C-5′),106.2 (C-7),104.9(C-1″),102.9(C-7′),78.7(C-3″),77.4(C-5″),74.6(C-2″), 71.3(C-4″),62.7(C-6″),58.1(C-10),57(C-10′),22.1(C-3′-Me),21.8(C-3-Me)。以上数据与参考文献[3]一致,因此鉴定该化合物为Polygonumnolide C4。
化合物7:Polygonumnolide A1,淡黄色固体,HRESI–MS[M–H]-m/z 685.1940。1HNMR(CD3OD,500MHz)δ:6.83(1H,d,J=2.0Hz,H-7),6.59(1H,s,H-2′), 6.45(1H,s,H-2),6.34(1H,br s,H-4′),6.30(1H,br s,H-5),6.18(1H,d,J=2.5Hz,H-7′),5.58(1H,br s,H-4),5.45(1H,br s,H-5′),4.60(1H, d,J=7.5Hz,H-1″),4.14(1H,d,J=3.5Hz,H-10),4.08(1H,d,J=3.5Hz, H-10′),3.94(1H,dd,J=2.5,12Hz,H-6″),3.74(1H,s,H-6′-OMe),3.74(1H,dd,J=5.5,12Hz,H-6′),3.49(1H,m,H-5″),3.43(1H,m,H-2″), 3.43(1H,m,H-3″),3.38(1H,m,H-4″),2.29(1H,s,3′-Me),2.07(1H, s,3-Me);13C NMR(CD3OD,125MHz)δ:191.3(C-9′),188.5(C-9),166.4(C-6′), 165.7(C-8′),164.6(C-6),162.6(C-1′),162.3(C-1),161.9(C-8),148.3(C-3′), 146.8(C-3),146.4(C-5a),143.1(C-5a′),143.0(C-4a),140.0(C-4a′),122.2 (C-4′),121.8(C-4),117.7(C-2′),117.5(C-1a),117.3(C-2),117.1(C-8a), 116.0(C-1a′),112.5(C-5),111.5(C-8a′),109.7(C-5′),107.7(C-7),106.1 (C-1″),100.7(C-7′),78.8(C-3″),77.4(C-5″),74.9(C-2″),71.2(C-4″), 62.7(C-6″),57.7(C-10),56.7(C-10′),56.5(C-6′-0Me),22.1(C-3′-Me),21.8 (C-3-Me)。以上数据与参考文献[4]一致,因此鉴定该化合物为Polygonumnolide A1。
化合物8:Polygonumnolide A2,淡黄色固体,HRESI-MS[M–H]-m/z 685.1906。1HNMR(CD3COCD3,600MHz)δ:12.68(1H,s,OH-1),11.96(1H,s,OH-8’),11.82 (1H,s,OH-1’),9.89(1H,s,OH-6),7.02(1H,d,J=1.8Hz,H-7),6.71(1H, s,H-2′),6.60(1H,s,H-2),6.38(1H,br s,H-5),6.38(1H,br s,H-4′), 6.31(1H,d,J=1.8Hz,H-7′),6.16(1H,br s,H-4),6.15(1H,br s,H-5′), 4.70(1H,d,J=7.2Hz,H-1″),4.57(1H,d,J=3.6Hz,H-10),4.56(1H,d, J=3.6Hz,H-10′),3.96(1H,dd,J=1.2,11.4Hz,H-6″),3.84(1H,s,6′-OMe), 3.77(1H,dd,J=5.4,11.4Hz,H-6″),3.50(1H,m,H-3″),3.49(1H,m, H-2″),3.47(1H,m,H-5″),3.46(1H,m,H-4″),2.31(1H,s,3′-Me),2.24 (1H,s,3-Me);13C NMR(CD3COCD3,150MHz)δ:191.4(C-9′),188.2(C-9), 166.4(C-6′),165.4(C-8′),163.6(C-6),163.1(C-1),162.6(C-1′),161.8(C-8), 147.8(C-3′),146.4(C-3),145.9(C-5a),144.4(C-5a′),142.2(C-4a),140.7 (C-4a′),122.1(C-4′),121.1(C-4),117.3(C-2′),117.1(C-2),116.8(C-1a),116.3(C-8a),115.2(C-1a′),112.2(C-5),111.4(C-8a′),108.3(C-5′),106.6 (C-7),105.1(C-1″),101.5(C-7′),78.4(C-3″),77.1(C-5″),74.5(C-2″), 71.3(C-4″),62.8(C-6″),57.2(C-10),56.4(C-10′),56.2(C-6′-0Me),22.0 (C-3′-Me),21.8(C-3-Me)。以上数据与参考文献[4]一致,因此鉴定该化合物为 Polygonumnolide A2。
化合物9:Polygonumnolide A3,淡黄色固体,HRESI-MS[M–H]-m/z 685.1943。
1H NMR(CD3COCD3,500MHz)δ:12.04(1H,s,OH-8′),12.02(1H,s,OH-1),11.66 (1H,s,OH-1’),7.02(1H,d,J=2.0Hz,H-7),6.70(1H,br s,H-5),6.57(1H, s,H-2′),6.56(1H,s,H-2),6.55(1H,br s,H-5′),6.43(1H,d,J=2.5Hz, H-7′),5.98(1H,br s,H-4′),5.89(1H,br s,H-4),4.75(1H,d,J=8.0Hz, H-1″),4.55(1H,s,H-10),4.55(1H,s,H-10′),3.98(1H,dd,J=2.5,13Hz, H-6″),3.95(1H,s,6′-OMe),3.77(1H,dd,J=5.5,13Hz,H-6″),3.59(1H, m,H-3″),3.59(1H,m,H-4″),3.47(1H,m,H-2″),3.47(1H,m,H-5″), 2.22(1H,s,3′-Me),2.17(1H,s,3-Me);13C NMR(CD3-COCD3,125MHz)δ: 191.2(C-9′),188.2(C-9),166.8(C-6′),165.3(C-8′),163.9(C-6),162.8(C-1′), 162.2(C-1),161.9(C-8),147.7(C-3′),146.3(C-3),146.1(C-5a),145.4(C-5a′), 140.7(C-4a),139.7(C-4a′),122.0(C-4′),121.4(C-4),117.4(C-1a),117.3 (C-2′),117.1(C-2),116.7(C-8a),114.7(C-1a′),112.2(C-8a′),112.0(C-5), 108.9(C-5′),107.2(C-7),106.5(C-1″),101.1(C-7′),78.6(C-3″),77.1(C-5″), 74.9(C-2″),71.3(C-4″),62.9(C-6″),57.2(C-10),56.3(C-10′),56.2(C-6′ -0Me),22.2(C-3′-Me),21.7(C-3-Me)。以上数据与参考文献[4]一致,因此鉴定该化合物为Polygonumnolide A3。
化合物10:Polygonumnolide A4,淡黄色固体,HRESI-MS[M–H]-m/z 685.1898。1HNMR(CD3OD,500MHz)δ:7.00(1H,d,J=2.4Hz,H-7),6.56(1H,br s, H-5),6.53(1H,s,H-2′),6.51(1H,s,H-2),6.18(1H,s,H-7′),6.18(1H, br s,H-5′),5.91(1H,br s,H-4′),5.85(1H,br s,H-4),4.76(1H,d,J=7.2Hz, H-1″),4.39(1H,d,J=3.0Hz,H-10),4.35(1H,d,J=3.0Hz,H-10′),3.94 (1H,dd,J=2.4,12Hz,H-6″),3.88(1H,s,6′-OMe),3.71(1H,dd,J=6.0, 12Hz,H-6″),3.51(1H,m,H-2″),3.51(1H,m,H-3″),3.50(1H,m,H-5″), 3.38(1H,m,H-4″),2.17(1H,s,3-Me),2.17(1H,s,3′-Me);13C NMR(CD3OD, 125MHz)δ:191.0(C-9′),188.6(C-9),167.8(C-6′),165.7(C-6),165.7(C-8′), 162.8(C-1′),162.2(C-1),161.6(C-8),147.5(C-3′),147.1(C-3),146.5(C-5a), 145.8(C-5a′),141.1(C-4a),140.3(C-4a′),122.2(C-4′),121.8(C-4),118.1 (C-1a),117.6(C-2),117.6(C-8a),117.4(C-2′),115.3(C-1a′),111.1(C-8a′), 110.9(C-5),110.7(C-5′),105.9(C-7),105.9(C-1″),103.3(C-7′),78.9(C-3″), 77.4(C-5″),74.9(C-2″),71.5(C-4″),62.7(C-6″),58.0(C-10),56.7(C-10′), 56.4(C-6′-0Me),22.3(C-3′-Me),21.9(C-3-Me)。以上数据与参考文献[4]一致,因此鉴定该化合物为Polygonumnolide A4。
化合物11:Polygonumnolide B1,淡黄色固体,HRESI-MS[M–H]-m/z 847.2453。1HNMR(CD3OD,600MHz)δ:6.88(1H,d,J=1.2Hz,H-7′),6.85(1H,s, H-7),6.64(1H,s,H-2′),6.54(1H,br s,H-4′),6.52(1H,s,H-2),6.48(1H, br s,H-5),5.78(1H,br s,H-5′),5.63(1H,br s,H-4),4.67(1H,d,J=7.8Hz, H-1″′),4.64(1H,d,J=7.2Hz,H-1″),4.32(1H,s,H-10′),4.30(1H,s, H-10),3.99(1H,dd,J=1.8,10.8Hz,H-6″),3.95(1H,dd,J=1.8,12Hz, H-6″′),3.81(1H,dd,J=5.4,10.8Hz,H-6″),3.78(1H,s,6′-OMe),3.73(1H, dd,J=6.0,12Hz,H-6″′),3.58(1H,m,H-2″′),3.54(1H,m,H-5″′),3.47 (1H,m,H-2″),3.45(1H,m,H-3″),3.45(1H,m,H-3″′),3.44(1H,m, H-5″),3.44(1H,m,H-4″′),3.38(1H,m,H-4″),2.27(1H,s,3′-Me),2.12 (1H,s,3-Me);13CNMR(CD3OD,150MHz)δ:188.4(C-9),188.4(C-9′),166.1 (C-6),164.9(C-6′),162.9(C-1′),162.2(C-1),162.0(C-8),162.0(C-8′), 147.5(C-3′),146.7(C-3),146.7(C-5a′),144.5(C-5a),142.4(C-4a′),139.8 (C-4a),121.9(C-4),121.4(C-4′),117.9(C-1a′),117.7(C-1a),117.5(C-2′), 117.4(C-2),117.0(C-8a′),116.5(C-8a),113.0(C-5),111.7(C-5′),108.1(C-7), 106.2(C-1″),104.9(C-1″′),104.2(C-7′),78.8(C-3″),78.8(C-3″′),77.5(C-5″), 77.4(C-5″′),74.9(C-2″),74.5(C-2″′),71.6(C-4″),71.2(C-4″′),62.9(C-6″), 62.6(C-6″′),57.5(C-10′),57.3(C-10),56.5(C-6′-OMe),22.0(C-3′-Me), 21.8(C-3-Me)。以上数据与参考文献[4]一致,因此鉴定该化合物为Polygonumnolide B1。
化合物12:Polygonumnolide B2,淡黄色固体,HRESI-MS[M–H]-m/z 847.2455。1HNMR(CD3OD,600MHz)δ:6.97(1H,d,J=2.4Hz,H-7),6.83(1H,d,J= 1.8Hz,H-7′),6.65(1H,s,H-2),6.57(1H,s,H-2′),6.25(1H,br s,H-4′), 6.19(1H,br s,H-5),6.19(1H,br s,H-5′),5.96(1H,br s,H-4),4.73(1H, d,J=7.2Hz,H-1″′),4.67(1H,d,J=7.8Hz,H-1″),4.39(1H,d,J=3.0Hz,H-10),4.32(1H,d,J=3.0Hz,H-10′),4.00(1H,dd,J=1.8,12.6Hz,H-6″), 3.97(1H,dd,J=1.8,12Hz,H-6″′),3.81(1H,s,6′-OMe),3.79(1H,dd, J=5.4,12.6Hz,H-6″),3.77(1H,dd,J=6.0,12Hz,H-6″′),3.59(1H,m, H-2″′),3.55(1H,m,H-5″),3.55(1H,m,H-5″′),3.49(1H,m,H-2″),3.46 (1H,m,H-3″),3.46(1H,m,H-3″′),3.44(1H,m,H-4″),3.44(1H,m, H-4″′),2.30(1H,s,3-Me),2.20(1H,s,3′-Me);13C NMR(CD3OD,150MHz)δ:188.6(C-9),188.3(C-9′),165.4(C-6),165.2(C-6′),162.9(C-1′),162.2 (C-1),162.0(C-8′),161.8(C-8),147.6(C-3′),146.8(C-3),146.5(C-5a′), 145.5(C-5a),141.7(C-4a′),140.6(C-4a),121.9(C-4),121.6(C-4′),118.2 (C-1a),117.8(C-8a),117.7(C-2′),117.5(C-2),117.2(C-1a′),116.1(C-8a′), 112.6(C-5′),110.9(C-5),107.8(C-7),106.3(C-1″),106.2(C-7′),104.5(C-1″′), 78.7(C-3″),78.6(C-3″′),77.5(C-5″),77.5(C-5″′),75.0(C-2″),74.5(C-2″′), 71.4(C-4″),71.3(C-4″′),62.8(C-6″),62.6(C-6″′),57.6(C-10),57.5(C-10′), 56.4(C-6′-OMe),22.0(C-3-Me),21.9(C-3′-Me)。以上数据与参考文献[4]一致,因此鉴定该化合物为Polygonumnolide B2。
化合物13:Polygonumnolide B3,淡黄色固体,HRESI-MS[M–H]-m/z 847.2452。1HNMR(CD3OD,600MHz)δ:6.88(1H,d,J=1.8Hz,H-7′),6.75(1H,d,J= 1.8Hz,H-7),6.63(1H,s,H-2′),6.60(1H,s,H-2),6.49(1H,br s,H-4), 6.49(1H,br s,H-4′),5.71(1H,br s,H-5′),5.60(1H,br s,H-5),4.94(1H, d,J=7.2Hz,H-1″′),4.89(1H,d,J=7.8Hz,H-1″),4.25(1H,s,H-10), 4.25(1H,s,H-10′),3.96(1H,dd,J=1.8,12Hz,H-6″),3.96(1H,dd,J=1.8,12Hz,H-6″′),3.76(1H,dd,J=5.4,12Hz,H-6″),3.72(1H,dd,J=6.0, 12Hz,H-6″′),3.72(1H,s,6′-OMe),3.69(1H,m,H-5″′),3.67(1H,m, H-5″),3.60(1H,m,H-3″),3.58(1H,m,H-3″′),3.50(1H,m,H-2″′),3.48 (1H,m,H-2″),3.43(1H,m,H-4″),3.39(1H,m,H-4″′),2.34(1H,s, 3′-Me),2.33(1H,s,3-Me);13C NMR(CD3OD,150MHz)δ:188.6(C-9),188.5 (C-9′),164.9(C-6′),164.1(C-6),162.0(C-1′),161.9(C-1),161.7(C-8), 161.4(C-8′),147.7(C-3),147.7(C-3′),144.1(C-5a),144.1(C-5a′),141.9 (C-4a),141.9(C-4a′),121.2(C-4),121.2(C-4′),118.6(C-1a′),118.5(C-1a), 117.6(C-2′),117.5(C-2),117.4(C-8a′),116.1(C-8a),113.3(C-5),111.0(C-5′),106.3(C-7),105.5(C-7′),105.1(C-1″),105.0(C-1″′),78.5(C-3″),78.4(C-3″′), 76.8(C-5″),76.8(C-5″′),75.1(C-2″),75.1(C-2″′),71.6(C-4″),71.3(C-4″′), 62.7(C-6″),62.6(C-6″′),57.4(C-10′),57.3(C-10),56.1(C-6′-OMe),22.2 (C-3-Me),22.2(C-3′-Me)。以上数据与参考文献[4]一致,因此鉴定该化合物为 Polygonumnolide B3。
【参考文献】
[1]Angela S,Zhong L.X,Corina P,Christoph S,and Christian H.Geminalbismethylation prevents polyketide oxidation and dimerization in thebenastatin pathway[J].Angew.Chem. Int.Ed,2007,46:7035-7038.
[2]Ji N.Y,Liang X.R,Sun R.R,and Miao F.P.A rule to distinguishdiastereomeric bianthrones by 1H NMR[J].RSC.Adv,2014,4:7710-7715.
[3]Yang J.B,Li L,Dai Z,Wu Y,Geng X.C,Li B,Ma S.C,Wang A.G,SuY.L.Polygonumnolides C1-C4;minor dianthrone glycosides from the roots ofPolygonum multiflorum Thunb.Journal of Asian Natural Products Research,2016,18(9):813-822.
[4]Yang J.B,Yan Z,Ren J,Dai Z,Ma S.C,Wang A.G,Su Y.L.PolygonumnolidesA1-B3,minor dianthrone derivatives from the roots of Polygonum multiflorumThunb.Arch.Pharm.Res, 2018,41:617-624.
实施例2:
取何首乌属植物何首乌(Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.)干燥藤茎2kg,粉碎后用70%乙醇加热回流提取三次,提取液合并,减压回收溶剂,得到70%乙醇提取物。70%乙醇提取物,用水溶解,经大孔吸附树脂(DM-8型)分离,依次用水、 20%乙醇、40%乙醇和95%乙醇洗脱,得到四个不同组分,分别为水洗脱部分(组分A1)、20%乙醇洗脱部分(组分B1)、40%乙醇洗脱部分(组分C1)和95%乙醇洗脱部分(组分D1)。95%乙醇洗脱部分(组分D1),过YMC C18反相硅胶和 Sephadex LH-20凝胶色谱柱,分离纯化,得到13个已知二蒽酮类化合物,分别为 Cis-大黄素—大黄素二蒽酮(1)、Trans-大黄素—大黄素二蒽酮(2)、Polygonumnolide C1(3)、Polygonumnolide C2(4)、Polygonumnolide C3(5)、Polygonumnolide C4(6)、Polygonumnolide A1(7)、Polygonumnolide A2(8)、Polygonumnolide A3(9)、Polygonumnolide A4(10)、Polygonumnolide B1(11)、Polygonumnolide B2(12)和Polygonumnolide B3(13)。
药理实验
实验例1:二蒽酮类化合物对基因重组人PTP1B的抑制作用
方法:
利用BL21 E.Coli大肠杆菌制备基因重组人蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(PTP1B) 工程菌,并应用GST亲和层析柱纯化蛋白,得到PTP1B蛋白。以硝基磷酸盐为底物,进行PTP1B的酶学反应,观察药物对PTP1B蛋白活性的影响。
结果:
结果显示,化合物1、2、3、4等二蒽酮类化合物具有明显抑制基因重组的人 PTP1B的活性,其终浓度为10μM时对PTP1B的抑制率和其50%抑制PTP1B活性的浓度(IC50)见表1。
表1.二蒽酮类化合物对PTP1B活性的抑制作用(n=3)
实验例2:二蒽酮类化合物—化合物2改善db/db小鼠葡萄糖耐量低减作用
方法:
经典的2型糖尿病db/db小鼠随机分为3组:模型对照、二甲双胍、化合物2 组,分别灌胃给予水、阳性对照药二甲双胍200mg/kg/d、化合物2 150mg/kg/d。同周龄正常C57BL/6J小鼠为正常对照组,灌胃给予同体积水。每天给药一次,连续给药18天。实验当天动物禁食过夜,灌胃给予葡萄糖2g/kg体重,分别于葡萄糖负荷后0、30、60、120min尾尖采血。采用葡萄糖氧化酶法测定血糖水平,并计算血糖-时间曲线下面积(area under the curve ofblood glucose,AUC),计算方法如下:
AUC(mg/dl·h)=(BG0+BG30)/4+(BG30+BG60)/4+(BG60+BG120)/2
(其中,BG0、BG30、BG60、BG120,分别代表葡萄糖负荷后0min、30min、 60min、120min时的血糖水平)。
结果:
结果如表2所示,与正常对照组比较,模型对照组动物处于明显的葡萄糖耐量低减状态。与模型对照组相应时间的血糖水平比较,化合物2组动物葡萄糖负荷后30、60、120min时血糖水平分别降低了25.4%、28.2%、23.5%,其AUC值降低了25.3%。说明化合物2具有明显改善db/db小鼠的葡萄糖耐量低减作用。
表2.化合物2对db/db小鼠葡萄糖耐量低减的影响
n=6。##,###,p<0.01,0.001vs正常对照;*,**,***,p<0.05,0.01,0.001vs模型对照。
实验例3:二蒽酮类化合物—化合物2控制db/db小鼠血糖水平的作用
方法:
经典的2型糖尿病db/db小鼠分组同实施例2。连续给药14天,动物清晨尾尖取血,采用葡萄糖氧化酶法测定血糖水平(非禁食血糖水平)。
结果:
结果如表3所示,模型对照组动物的血糖值是正常对照组的2.59倍。与模型对照组比较,化合物2组动物的血糖水平降低了30.7%,说明化合物2可明显降低 db/db小鼠的非禁食血糖水平。
表3.化合物2对db/db小鼠血糖血脂水平的影响
n=6。#,###,p<0.05,0.001vs正常对照;*,**,***,p<0.05,0.01,0.001vs模型对照。
实验例4:二蒽酮类化合物—化合物2调节db/db小鼠血脂水平的作用
方法:
经典的2型糖尿病db/db小鼠分组同实施例2。连续给药14天,动物禁食不禁水4h,尾尖取血,采用磷酸甘油氧化酶法测定血甘油三酯水平,采用胆固醇氧化酶法测定血总胆固醇水平。
结果:
结果如表3所示,模型对照组动物的血糖值是正常对照组的1.26倍。与模型对照组比较,化合物2组动物的血甘油三酯水平降低了33.5%,血总胆固醇水平降低了33.7%。说明化合物2具有明显改善db/db小鼠的高脂血症作用。
Claims (8)
1.一种如通式(I)所示的二蒽酮类化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备人蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B抑制剂中的应用,
其中通式(I)中:R1、R2、R3、R4各自独立的选自H、-OH、-OCH3、-NH2、-O-Glu、-Glu、-O-Rha、-O-Gal、-OCH2CH3、-CHO、-CH2OH、-COOH;
R5、R6各自独立的选自H、-OH、-NH2、-O-Glu、-Glu、-O-Rha、-O-Gal、-OCH2CH3、-CHO、-CH2OH、-COOH;
R7、R8各自独立的选自H、-OH、-OCH3、-NH2、-CHO、-CH2OH、-COOH、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、新丁基、异丁基、叔丁基;
10、10'位手型中心C上的构型分别为10R10'R、10S10'S、10R10'S、10S10'R。
3.一种如通式(I)所示的二蒽酮类化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备预防和/或治疗糖尿病及其相关代谢性疾病药物中的应用,
其中通式(I)中:R1、R2、R3、R4各自独立的选自H、-OH、-OCH3、-NH2、-O-Glu、-Glu、-O-Rha、-O-Gal、-OCH2CH3、-CHO、-CH2OH、-COOH;
R5、R6各自独立的选自H、-OH、-NH2、-O-Glu、-Glu、-O-Rha、-O-Gal、-OCH2CH3、-CHO、-CH2OH、-COOH;
R7、R8各自独立的选自H、-OH、-OCH3、-NH2、-CHO、-CH2OH、-COOH、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、新丁基、异丁基、叔丁基;
10、10'位手型中心C上的构型分别为10R10'R、10S10'S、10R10'S、10S10'R。
5.根据权利要求3-4任一项的应用,其特征在于,所述的糖尿病相关代谢性疾病包括糖耐量受损、糖尿病、糖尿病并发症。
6.一种如通式(I)所示的二蒽酮类化合物及其药学上可接受的盐在制备预防和/或治疗高脂血症及其相关的代谢性疾病药物中的应用,
其中通式(I)中:R1、R2、R3、R4各自独立的选自H、-OH、-OCH3、-NH2、-O-Glu、-Glu、-O-Rha、-O-Gal、-OCH2CH3、-CHO、-CH2OH、-COOH;
R5、R6各自独立的选自H、-OH、-NH2、-O-Glu、-Glu、-O-Rha、-O-Gal、-OCH2CH3、-CHO、-CH2OH、-COOH;
R7、R8各自独立的选自H、-OH、-OCH3、-NH2、-CHO、-CH2OH、-COOH、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、新丁基、异丁基、叔丁基;
10、10'位手型中心C上的构型分别为10R10'R、10S10'S、10R10'S、10S10'R。
8.根据权利要求6-7的应用,其特征在于,所述的高脂血症相关的代谢性疾病包括高甘油三酯血症、高胆固醇血症。
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邹大进: "蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶-1B与代谢综合征", 《国外医学内分泌学分册》, vol. 25, no. 3, pages 148 - 150 * |
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