CN114374065B - Media-loaded X, ku waveband multi-branch equalizer - Google Patents
Media-loaded X, ku waveband multi-branch equalizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN114374065B CN114374065B CN202210026739.4A CN202210026739A CN114374065B CN 114374065 B CN114374065 B CN 114374065B CN 202210026739 A CN202210026739 A CN 202210026739A CN 114374065 B CN114374065 B CN 114374065B
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The utility model provides a medium loading X, ku wave band multibranch knot equalizer, the equalizer is copper-clad on one side, the one side printing microstrip circuit, and the microstrip circuit includes main transmission line and quarter wavelength short circuit decay branch knot. On the premise of meeting the performance index of the equalizer, the invention does not need an active circuit or other attenuation technologies, and realizes the design of the broadband microstrip equalizer with simple structure and low cost; the working frequency band is Ka and X wave band; in the bandwidth, the insertion loss of the pass band is lower than 3dB, the attenuation value of the reflection coefficient is smaller than-14dB, 8-18 GHz is 18.2dB, and the linearity is good; link gain equalization of 18dB can be satisfied.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric equalizers, and particularly relates to a medium-loaded X, ku waveband multi-branch equalizer.
Background
In modern radar systems and broadband communication systems, the performance of microwave devices such as power amplifiers, mixers, PIN attenuators, etc. directly determines the performance of the overall system. However, due to the nonlinear gain characteristic of the microwave device itself, the nonlinear insertion loss when multiple devices are cascaded, and the like, the overall gain of the microwave link often fluctuates greatly in the output frequency band. If these fluctuations cannot be eliminated in the link, it causes difficulties in the subsequent digital signal processing modules of the system, resulting in distortion of the waveform of the amplified link.
At present, a common solution is to introduce a gain equalizer in the rf link to improve the stability of the output power. The microstrip gain equalizer has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, convenience in integration and the like, and is widely applied to a microwave system. In current equalization techniques: most designs are that a plurality of half-wavelength branches are connected into a transmission line and are cascaded through loading resistors. These methods often fail to achieve the desired results when dealing with wideband equalization curves. In view of the above, it is an urgent need to solve the problem of designing an equalizer that has a simple structure and can be used in a broadband link, and the following technical solutions are proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems solved by the invention are as follows: the utility model provides a medium loading X, ku wave band multi-branch section equalizer, under the prerequisite that satisfies equalizer performance index, do not need active circuit or other attenuation technique, realize the broadband microstrip equalizer of simple structure and low-cost design.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the medium loading X, ku wave band multi-branch equalizer comprises a copper-coated surface and a printed micro-strip circuit, wherein the micro-strip circuit comprises a main transmission line and a quarter-wavelength short circuit attenuation branch.
In the above technical solution, further: the dielectric material of the equalizer is FR4, the thickness is 0.5mm, and the relative dielectric constant is 4.4.
In the above technical solution, further: the main transmission line and the quarter-wavelength short circuit attenuation branch are both of a multi-stage impedance transformation structure; the main transmission lines are bilaterally symmetrical; the quarter-wave short circuit attenuation branch is provided with five attenuation branches; two pairs of the five attenuation branches have the same structure and are symmetrical left and right.
In the above technical solution, further: the main transmission line is of a straight-line structure and comprises two first-stage transmission lines, two second-stage transmission lines and a third-stage transmission line; the third-stage transmission line is arranged in the middle; the two second-stage transmission lines are axisymmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the third-stage transmission line; a first-stage transmission line is arranged on the left side of the left second-stage transmission line; and the other first-stage transmission line is arranged on the right side of the second-stage transmission line on the right side.
In the above technical solution, further: the width of the first-stage transmission line is W1, and the length of the first-stage transmission line is L1; the width of the second-stage transmission line is W2, and the length of the second-stage transmission line is L2; the third-stage transmission line has the width W3 and the length L3; w1 > W2 > W3, and L1 > L3 > L2; l1 is any value greater than one quarter wavelength of the passband frequency.
In the above technical solution, further: the quarter-wavelength short circuit attenuation branch comprises two upper branches which are same in structure and symmetrical left and right above the main transmission line; the middle branch section is arranged at the middle position below the main transmission line; the two lateral branches are the same in structure and symmetrical left and right on the left and right sides of the middle branch below the main transmission line; the upper branch node and the side branch node are four-level microstrip lines; the four-level microstrip line is of a horizontally transverse T-shaped structure; the middle branch is a five-level microstrip line, and the five-level microstrip line is in a cross structure.
In the above technical solution, further: the branch end of the upper branch is vertically connected with the main transmission line; the short-circuit end of the upper branch section is connected with the metal grounding through hole through a resistor with the resistance value of R1; the branch end of the middle branch is vertically connected with the main transmission line through a resistor; the short-circuit end of the middle branch is connected with the metal grounding through hole through a resistor R3; the branch end of the side branch is vertically coupled and connected with the main transmission line through a resistor, and the short-circuit end of the side branch is connected with the metal grounding through hole through a resistor R5.
In the above technical solution, further: the four-level microstrip line of the upper branch section comprises a first section of microstrip line I; one end of a first section of microstrip line I is vertically connected with the main transmission line 1, the other end of the first section of microstrip line I is linearly connected with one end of a second section of microstrip line I, the middle part of the second section of microstrip line I is vertically connected with one end of a third section of microstrip line I, the other end of the second section of microstrip line I is linearly connected with one end of a fourth section of microstrip line I, and the other end of the fourth section of microstrip line I is connected with the resistor R1; the lengths of the first section of microstrip line I, the second section of microstrip line I, the third section of microstrip line I and the fourth section of microstrip line I are SLU1, SLU2, SLU3 and SLU4 respectively; the widths are SWU1, SWU2, SWU3 and SWU4 respectively; SLU4= SLU2 > SLU3 > SLU1; SWU4 > SWU2 > SWU3 > SWU1, and SLU1: SWU1 is more than or equal to 1.5.
In the above technical solution, further: the five sections of microstrip lines of the middle branch section comprise a first section of microstrip line II, one end of the first section of microstrip line II is vertically connected with the main transmission line 1 through a resistor R2, the other end of the first section of microstrip line II is linearly connected with one end of a second section of microstrip line II, one side of the middle part of the second section of microstrip line II is vertically connected with one end of a third section of microstrip line II, and the other side of the middle part of the second section of microstrip line II is vertically connected with one end of a fourth section of microstrip line II; the other end of the second section of microstrip line II is linearly connected with one end of a fifth section of microstrip line II, and the other end of the fifth section of microstrip line II is connected with a resistor R3; the lengths of the first section of microstrip line II, the second section of microstrip line II, the third section of microstrip line II, the fourth section of microstrip line II and the fifth section of microstrip line II are SLM1, SLM2, SLM3, SLM4 and SLM5 respectively, and the widths of the first section of microstrip line II, the second section of microstrip line II, the third section of microstrip line II, the fourth section of microstrip line II and the fifth section of microstrip line II are SWM1, SWM2, SWM3, SWM4 and SWM5 respectively; SLM2= SLM3= SLM4= SLM5 > SLM1, SLM1: SLM2=1:2; SWM5 > SWM2 > SWM4= SWM3 > SWM1.
In the above technical solution, further: the four-level microstrip line of the side branch section comprises a first section of microstrip line III; one end of the first section of microstrip line III is vertically connected with the main transmission line through a resistor R4, the other end of the first section of microstrip line III is linearly connected with one end of the second section of microstrip line III, the middle part of the second section of microstrip line III is vertically connected with one end of the third section of microstrip line III, the other end of the second section of microstrip line III is linearly connected with one end of the fourth section of microstrip line III, and the other end of the fourth section of microstrip line III is connected with a resistor R5; the lengths of the first section of microstrip line III, the second section of microstrip line III, the third section of microstrip line III and the fourth section of microstrip line III are SLD1, SLD2, SLD3 and SLD4 respectively, and the widths of the first section of microstrip line III, the second section of microstrip line III, the third section of microstrip line III and the fourth section of microstrip line III are SWD1, SWD2, SWD3 and SWD4 respectively; SLD2= SLD3= SLD4 > SLD1, SLD1: SLD2=1:2; SWD4 > SWD2 > SWD3 > SWD1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention uses the design of the microstrip equalizer with quarter-wave short circuit attenuation branches, uses the quarter-wave impedance transformation of the transmission line, when the equalizer works at the passband frequency, the input impedance of the branches is infinite, is equivalent to open circuit, and does not influence the energy transmission on the main transmission line.
2. When the equalizer works at other frequencies, the input impedance is not 0, the current directly enters the upper branch of the main transmission line and is coupled into the lower branch through the resistors R2 and R4, and the energy entering the branches is lost through the resistors R1, R3 and R5 to form attenuation; because the equalizer adopts a microstrip line form and simultaneously carries out multistage impedance matching, the equalizer has wide working bandwidth.
3. The five-branch structure of the invention ensures that the equalizer has enough adjustable attenuation; on the premise of meeting the performance index of the equalizer, an active circuit or other attenuation technologies are not needed, and the wideband microstrip equalizer has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.
4. According to the invention, through the design of the microstrip equalizer with the quarter-wavelength short-circuit attenuation branches, the final working frequency band of the designed equalizer is Ka and X wave bands; within the bandwidth, the Insertion Loss (IL) of the pass band is lower than 3dB, the Reflection Coefficient (S11) is lower than-14dB, the attenuation value of 8-18 GHz is 18.2dB, and the linearity is good.
5. The equalizer designed by the invention can meet the link gain equalization of 18 dB.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a microstrip circuit structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the length distribution structure of the microstrip line with five attenuation branches in FIG. 1
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the width of the microstrip line of the five attenuation branches in fig. 1;
FIG. 4 is a rear view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 1;
in the figure: 1-main transmission line, 2-quarter wavelength short circuit attenuation branch; 101-first stage transmission line, 102-second stage transmission line, 103-third stage transmission line; 201-upper branch, 202-middle branch, 203-side branch.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5 in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
(as shown in figure 1) the medium loads X, ku waveband multi-branch equalizer, one side of the equalizer is coated with copper, and the other side is printed with a microstrip circuit. The microstrip circuit comprises a main transmission line 1 and a quarter-wave short circuit attenuation branch 2.
The invention uses the design of the microstrip equalizer with quarter-wave short circuit attenuation branches, uses the quarter-wave impedance transformation of the transmission line, when the equalizer works at the passband frequency, the input impedance of the branches is infinite, equivalent to open circuit, and does not influence the energy transmission on the main transmission line.
In the above embodiment, the dielectric material of the equalizer is FR4, the thickness is 0.5mm, and the relative dielectric constant is 4.4.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: (in conjunction with fig. 5) the dielectric substrate is specifically an FR4 dielectric substrate having a length, a width and a thickness of 28.8mm × 20mm × 0.5mm, respectively. Namely, a is the length of the dielectric substrate 28.8mm, b is the width of the dielectric substrate 20mm, h is the thickness of the dielectric substrate 0.5mm, and R is the radius of the grounding through hole 0.4mm.
The main transmission line 1 is a microstrip line, and the size of the microstrip line can be calculated by the following formula:
in the formula, Z 0 W is the width of the microstrip line, h is the thickness of the dielectric substrate used for the microstrip line, and ε r Is the relative dielectric constant.
In the above embodiment, the main transmission line 1 and the quarter-wave short circuit attenuation branch 2 are both of a multi-stage impedance transformation structure.
The main transmission line 1 is symmetrical left and right; the quarter-wavelength short-circuit attenuation branch 2 is provided with five attenuation branches; two pairs of the five attenuation branches have the same structure and are symmetrical left and right.
The five-branch structure of the invention ensures that the equalizer has enough large adjustable attenuation; on the premise of meeting the performance index of the equalizer, an active circuit or other attenuation technologies are not needed, and the wideband microstrip equalizer has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.
In the above embodiment, the main transmission line 1 has a straight-line structure and includes two first-stage transmission lines 101, two second-stage transmission lines 102, and a third-stage transmission line 103.
The third stage transmission line 103 is provided in the middle. The two second-stage transmission lines 102 are axially symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the third-stage transmission line 103. A first-stage transmission line 101 is arranged on the left side of the left second-stage transmission line 102; the second stage transmission line 102 on the right is provided with another first stage transmission line 101 on the right side.
The first-stage transmission line 101 has a characteristic impedance of 50 ohms, a width W1, a length L1, and the length L1 is an arbitrary value greater than a quarter wavelength of the passband frequency.
The second stage transmission line 102 has an impedance of 56 ohms, a width W2, and a length L2, with L2 being approximately one-quarter wavelength of the passband frequency.
The third stage transmission line 103 has an impedance of 65 ohms, a width W3, and a length L3, where the length L3 is approximately one-half wavelength of the passband frequency.
Namely L1 > L3 > L2, and L1 > L3 > L2; l1 is any value greater than one quarter wavelength of the passband frequency.
Preferably: l1 is 10mm, L2 is 2mm, and L3 is 4.8mm; w1 was 1mm, W2 was 0.8mm, and W3 was 0.6mm.
In the above embodiment, the quarter-wave short circuit attenuation branch 2 includes two upper branches 201 with the same structure and symmetrical left and right above the main transmission line 1; the device also comprises an intermediate branch 202 at the middle position below the main transmission line 1; and two lateral branches 203 which have the same structure and are bilaterally symmetrical are arranged at the left side and the right side of the middle branch 202 below the main transmission line 1.
The upper branch 201 and the side branch 203 are all four-level microstrip lines; the four-level microstrip line is of a horizontally transverse T-shaped structure; the middle branch 202 is a five-level microstrip line, and the five-level microstrip line has a cross structure.
In the above embodiment, the branch end of the upper branch 201 is vertically connected to the main transmission line 1; the short-circuit end of the upper branch 201 is connected with the metal grounding through hole through a resistor with the resistance value of R1.
The branch end of the middle branch 202 is vertically connected with the main transmission line 1 through a resistor R2; the short-circuited end of the middle branch 202 is connected to the metal ground via a resistor R3.
The branch end of the side branch 203 is vertically coupled and connected with the main transmission line 1 through a resistor R4, and the short-circuit end of the side branch 203 is connected with the metal grounding through hole through a resistor R5.
When the equalizer works at other frequencies, the input impedance is not 0, the current directly enters the upper branch of the main transmission line and is coupled into the lower branch through the resistors R2 and R4, and the energy entering the branches is lost through the resistors R1, R3 and R5 to form attenuation; because the equalizer adopts a microstrip line form and simultaneously carries out multistage impedance matching, the equalizer has wide working bandwidth.
In the above embodiment, the four-stage microstrip lines of the upper branch section 201 include a first microstrip line I, a second microstrip line I, a third microstrip line I, and a fourth microstrip line I.
In the four-level microstrip line of the upper branch segment 201: one end of the first section of microstrip line I is vertically connected with the main transmission line 1, the other end of the first section of microstrip line I is linearly connected with one end of the second section of microstrip line I, the middle part of the second section of microstrip line I is vertically connected with one end of the third section of microstrip line I, the other end of the second section of microstrip line I is linearly connected with one end of the fourth section of microstrip line I, and the other end of the fourth section of microstrip line I is connected with the resistor R1.
(as shown in fig. 2) in the four-level microstrip lines of the upper branch 201: the lengths of the first section of microstrip line I, the second section of microstrip line I, the third section of microstrip line I and the fourth section of microstrip line I are SLU1, SLU2, SLU3 and SLU4 respectively. Wherein SLU1 is about one sixth wavelength; SLU2, SLU3, SLU4 are approximately one quarter wavelength.
(as shown in fig. 3) in the four-level microstrip lines of the upper branch 201: the widths of the first section of microstrip line I, the second section of microstrip line I, the third section of microstrip line I and the fourth section of microstrip line I are SWU1, SWU2, SWU3 and SWU4 respectively.
SLU4= SLU2 > SLU3 > SLU1; SWU4 > SWU2 > SWU3 > SWU1, and SLU1: SWU1 is more than or equal to 1.5.
Preferably: SLU1 was 1.5mm, SLU2 was 2mm, SLU3 was 1.8mm, and SLU4 was 2mm. SWU1 was 0.5mm, SWU2 was 1.1mm, SWU3 was 1mm, and SWU4 was 1.8mm.
In the four-level microstrip line of the upper branch segment 201: the corresponding characteristic impedances of the first section of microstrip line I, the second section of microstrip line I, the third section of microstrip line I and the fourth section of microstrip line I are 71 ohm, 45 ohm, 48 ohm and 33 ohm in sequence; r1 is 95-105 ohm.
Example 1: r1 is 95 ohm;
example 2: r1 is 100 ohms.
Example 3: r1 is 105 ohms.
In the above embodiment, the five microstrip lines of the middle branch 202 include a first microstrip line ii, a second microstrip line ii, a third microstrip line ii, a fourth microstrip line ii, and a fifth microstrip line ii.
In the five microstrip lines of the middle branch 202: one end of the first section of microstrip line II is vertically connected with the main transmission line 1 through a resistor R2, the other end of the first section of microstrip line II is linearly connected with one end of the second section of microstrip line II, one side of the middle part of the second section of microstrip line II is vertically connected with one end of the third section of microstrip line II, and the other side of the middle part of the second section of microstrip line II is vertically connected with one end of the fourth section of microstrip line II; the other end of the second section of microstrip line II is linearly connected with one end of a fifth section of microstrip line II, and the other end of the fifth section of microstrip line II is connected with a resistor R3.
In the five microstrip lines of the middle branch 202: the lengths of the first section of microstrip line II, the second section of microstrip line II, the third section of microstrip line II, the fourth section of microstrip line II and the fifth section of microstrip line II are SLM1, SLM2, SLM3, SLM4 and SLM5 respectively, and the widths of the first section of microstrip line II, the second section of microstrip line II, the third section of microstrip line II, the fourth section of microstrip line II and the fifth section of microstrip line II are SWM1, SWM2, SWM3, SWM4 and SWM5 respectively. Wherein the SLM1 is approximately one eighth wavelength and the SLM2, 3, 4, 5 is approximately one quarter wavelength.
SLM2＝SLM3＝SLM4＝SLM5＞SLM1，SLM1：SLM2＝1：2；SWM5＞SWM2＞SWM4＝SWM3＞SWM1。
Preferably: 1mm for SLM1, 2mm for LM2, 2mm for SLM3, 2mm for SLM4, 2mm for SLM5. SWM1 of 0.6mm, SWM2 of 1.1mm, SWM3 of 0.8mm, SWM4 of 0.8mm and SWM5 of 1.8mm.
In the five microstrip lines of the middle branch 202: the corresponding characteristic impedances of the first section of microstrip line II, the second section of microstrip line II, the third section of microstrip line II, the fourth section of microstrip line II and the fifth section of microstrip line II are 65 ohms, 46 ohms, 56 ohms and 33 ohms in sequence, the middle branch 202 is coupled with the main transmission line through a resistor R2, and the short-circuit end is in short-circuit connection with the metal grounding through hole through a resistor R3. R2 is 60-65 ohm; r3 is 95-105 ohm.
Example 1: r2 is 60 ohm; r3 is 95 ohms.
Example 2: r2 is 65 ohm; r3 is 105 ohms.
Example 3: r2 is 62 ohm; r3 is 100 ohms.
In the above embodiment, the four-stage microstrip lines of the side branch node 203 include a first microstrip line section iii, a second microstrip line section iii, a third microstrip line section iii, and a fourth microstrip line section iii.
In the four-level microstrip line of the side branch node 203: one end of the first section of microstrip line III is vertically connected with the main transmission line 1 through a resistor R4, the other end of the first section of microstrip line III is linearly connected with one end of the second section of microstrip line III, the middle part of the second section of microstrip line III is vertically connected with one end of the third section of microstrip line III, the other end of the second section of microstrip line III is linearly connected with one end of the fourth section of microstrip line III, and the other end of the fourth section of microstrip line III is connected with a resistor R5.
In the four-level microstrip line of the side branch node 203: the lengths of the first section of microstrip line III, the second section of microstrip line III, the third section of microstrip line III and the fourth section of microstrip line III are SLD1, SLD2, SLD3 and SLD4 respectively, and the widths of the first section of microstrip line III, the second section of microstrip line III, the third section of microstrip line III and the fourth section of microstrip line III are SWD1, SWD2, SWD3 and SWD4 respectively; SLD2= SLD3= SLD4 > SLD1, SLD1: SLD2=1:2; SWD4 > SWD2 > SWD3 > SWD1. Where SLD1 is about one-eighth wavelength and SLD2, SLD3, SLD4 are about one-quarter wavelength.
Preferably: SLD1 was 1mm, SLD2 was 2mm, SLD3 was 2mm, and SLD4 was 2mm. SWD1 was 0.6mm, SWD2 was 1.1mm, SWD3 was 1mm, and SWD4 was 1.8mm.
In the four-level microstrip line of the side branch node 203: the corresponding characteristic impedances of the first section of microstrip line III, the second section of microstrip line III, the third section of microstrip line III and the fourth section of microstrip line III are 71 ohms, 45 ohms, 49 ohms and 33 ohms respectively in sequence; the side branch node 203 is coupled with the main transmission line through a resistor R4; the short-circuited end of the side branch 203 is connected to the metal ground via a resistor R5. R4 is 40-45 ohm; r5 is 60-70 ohm.
Example 1: r4 is 40 ohms; r5 is 60 ohms.
Example 2: r4 is 43 ohms; r5 is 68 ohms.
Example 3: r4 is 45 ohm; r5 is 70 ohms.
The circular metal grounding through hole is positioned below the resistors R1, R3 and R5, and the radius R is 0.4mm. The resistance specification of the equalizer is 0201 type.
Because the invention uses the quarter-wave short-circuit attenuation branch, the short-circuit branch equalizer uses the quarter-wave impedance transformation of the transmission line, and the characteristic impedance of the microstrip line can be calculated by the following formula:
in the formula, Z 0 Is the characteristic impedance of the transmission line, Z short The input impedance of the short-circuit transmission line after the quarter-wave conversion.
When the equalizer works at the passband frequency, the input impedance of the branch is infinite, equivalent to an open circuit, and does not affect the energy transmission on the main transmission line.
When the equalizer works at other frequencies, the input impedance is not 0, the current directly enters the upper branch of the main transmission line and is coupled into the lower branch through the resistors R2 and R4, and the energy entering the branches is lost through the resistors R1, R3 and R5 to form attenuation.
Because the equalizer adopts a microstrip line form and simultaneously carries out multistage impedance matching, the equalizer has wide working bandwidth.
In addition, the five-branch structure enables the equalizer to have a sufficiently large adjustable attenuation.
From the above description it can be found that: according to the invention, through the design of the microstrip equalizer with the quarter-wavelength short-circuit attenuation branches, the final working frequency band of the designed equalizer is Ka and X wave bands; within the bandwidth, the Insertion Loss (IL) of the pass band is lower than 3dB, the Reflection Coefficient (S11) is lower than-14dB, the attenuation value of 8-18 GHz is 18.2dB, and the linearity is good. The equalizer designed by the invention can meet the link gain equalization of 18 dB.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The medium loads X, ku wave band multi-branch equalizer, one side of the equalizer is coated with copper, and the other side is printed with a microstrip circuit, and the medium loading X, ku wave band multi-branch equalizer is characterized in that: the microstrip circuit comprises a main transmission line (1) and a quarter-wavelength short circuit attenuation branch (2);
the main transmission line (1) and the quarter-wavelength short circuit attenuation branch (2) are both of a multi-stage impedance transformation structure; the main transmission line (1) is symmetrical left and right; the quarter-wavelength short-circuit attenuation branch (2) is provided with five attenuation branches; two pairs of the five attenuation branches have the same structure and are symmetrical left and right;
the main transmission line (1) is of a straight-line structure and comprises two first-stage transmission lines (101), two second-stage transmission lines (102) and a third-stage transmission line (103); the third-stage transmission line (103) is arranged in the middle; the two second-stage transmission lines (102) are axially symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the third-stage transmission line (103); a first-stage transmission line (101) is arranged on the left side of the left second-stage transmission line (102); the other first-stage transmission line (101) is arranged on the right side of the second-stage transmission line (102) on the right side;
the quarter-wavelength short circuit attenuation branch (2) comprises two upper branches (201) which are identical in structure and symmetrical left and right above the main transmission line (1); the device also comprises an intermediate branch (202) at the middle position below the main transmission line (1); two lateral branches (203) which have the same structure and are bilaterally symmetrical are arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle branch (202) below the main transmission line (1); the upper branch knot (201) and the side branch knot (203) are all four-level microstrip lines; the four-level microstrip line is of a horizontally transverse T-shaped structure; the middle branch (202) is a five-level microstrip line, and the five-level microstrip line is of a cross structure.
2. The media-loaded X, ku band multi-branch equalizer of claim 1, wherein: the medium material of the equalizer is FR4, the thickness is 0.5mm, and the relative dielectric constant is 4.4.
3. The media-loaded X, ku band multi-branch equalizer of claim 1, wherein: the width of the first-stage transmission line (101) is W1, and the length of the first-stage transmission line is L1; the width of the second-stage transmission line (102) is W2, and the length of the second-stage transmission line is L2; the third-stage transmission line (103) has a width W3 and a length L3; w1 > W2 > W3, and L1 > L3 > L2; l1 is any value greater than one quarter wavelength of the passband frequency.
4. The media-loaded X, ku band multi-branch equalizer of claim 1, wherein: the branch end of the upper branch (201) is vertically connected with the main transmission line (1); the short-circuit end of the upper branch section (201) is connected with the metal grounding through hole through a resistor with the resistance value of R1; the branch end of the middle branch (202) is vertically connected with the main transmission line (1) through a resistor R2; the short-circuit end of the middle branch (202) is connected with the metal grounding through hole through a resistor R3; the branch end of the side branch (203) is vertically coupled and connected with the main transmission line (1) through a resistor R4, and the short-circuit end of the side branch (203) is connected with the metal grounding through hole through a resistor R5.
5. The media-loaded X, ku band multi-branch equalizer of claim 1 or 4, wherein: the four-level microstrip line of the upper branch section (201) comprises a first section of microstrip line I; one end of a first section of microstrip line I is vertically connected with a main transmission line (1), the other end of the first section of microstrip line I is linearly connected with one end of a second section of microstrip line I, the middle part of the second section of microstrip line I is vertically connected with one end of a third section of microstrip line I, the other end of the second section of microstrip line I is linearly connected with one end of a fourth section of microstrip line I, and the other end of the fourth section of microstrip line I is connected with a resistor R1; the lengths of the first section of microstrip line I, the second section of microstrip line I, the third section of microstrip line I and the fourth section of microstrip line I are SLU1, SLU2, SLU3 and SLU4 respectively; the widths are SWU1, SWU2, SWU3 and SWU4 respectively; SLU4= SLU2 > SLU3 > SLU1; SWU4 > SWU2 > SWU3 > SWU1, and SLU1: SWU1 is more than or equal to 1.5.
6. The media-loaded X, ku band multi-branch equalizer of claim 1 or 4, wherein: the five sections of microstrip lines of the middle branch section (202) comprise a first section of microstrip line II, one end of the first section of microstrip line II is vertically connected with the main transmission line (1) through a resistor R2, the other end of the first section of microstrip line II is linearly connected with one end of a second section of microstrip line II, one side of the middle part of the second section of microstrip line II is vertically connected with one end of a third section of microstrip line II, and the other side of the middle part of the second section of microstrip line II is vertically connected with one end of a fourth section of microstrip line II; the other end of the second section of microstrip line II is linearly connected with one end of a fifth section of microstrip line II, and the other end of the fifth section of microstrip line II is connected with a resistor R3; the lengths of the first section of microstrip line II, the second section of microstrip line II, the third section of microstrip line II, the fourth section of microstrip line II and the fifth section of microstrip line II are SLM1, SLM2, SLM3, SLM4 and SLM5 respectively, and the widths of the first section of microstrip line II, the second section of microstrip line II, the third section of microstrip line II, the fourth section of microstrip line II and the fifth section of microstrip line II are SWM1, SWM2, SWM3, SWM4 and SWM5 respectively; SLM2= SLM3= SLM4= SLM5 > SLM1, SLM1: SLM2=1:2; SWM5 > SWM2 > SWM4= SWM3 > SWM1.
7. The media-loaded X, ku band multi-branch equalizer of claim 1 or 4, wherein: the four-level microstrip line of the side branch knot (203) comprises a first section of microstrip line III; one end of the first section of microstrip line III is vertically connected with the main transmission line (1) through a resistor R4, the other end of the first section of microstrip line III is linearly connected with one end of the second section of microstrip line III, the middle part of the second section of microstrip line III is vertically connected with one end of the third section of microstrip line III, the other end of the second section of microstrip line III is linearly connected with one end of the fourth section of microstrip line III, and the other end of the fourth section of microstrip line III is connected with a resistor R5; the lengths of the first section of microstrip line III, the second section of microstrip line III, the third section of microstrip line III and the fourth section of microstrip line III are SLD1, SLD2, SLD3 and SLD4 respectively, and the widths of the first section of microstrip line III, the second section of microstrip line III, the third section of microstrip line III and the fourth section of microstrip line III are SWD1, SWD2, SWD3 and SWD4 respectively; SLD2= SLD3= SLD4 > SLD1, SLD1: SLD2=1:2; SWD4 > SWD2 > SWD3 > SWD1.
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| JP2014192530A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-10-06 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Equalizer |
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