CN114370108A

CN114370108A - Method for building assembled concrete house by adopting novel connecting end component

Info

Publication number: CN114370108A
Application number: CN202011142407.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈宇轩; 沈舞源; 万平华
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-10-16
Filing date: 2020-10-16
Publication date: 2022-04-19

Abstract

The method for building assembled concrete building by using new-type end-connecting member is characterized by that the stressed member column and beam (including roof truss beam and stair beam) for assembly construction all have the following common characteristics: the end faces of the plates are all plates welded with the reinforcing bars in the members into a whole, a plurality of holes are formed in the plates, and a certain distance is reserved between the plates and the concrete on the back of the plates so as to connect the members by high-strength bolts. The concrete can be conveniently poured at the joints after the components are connected with each other, the connection strength of the finished component joints is not lower than or even higher than that of the joints finished by the process of pouring the concrete after reinforcing steel bars are bound on site, and the framework assembled on site is actually integrated. The concrete pouring on site only occurs at the nodes, and the pouring amount is far less than that of the traditional concrete construction. The maintenance system adopts the aerated concrete wallboard, so that the building is ensured to have good heat preservation, sound insulation and heat insulation functions; the invention has the advantages that the assembly rate of the concrete assembly type building is greatly improved; the investment of a concrete member factory is reduced; the supply distance of a concrete member factory is enlarged; the site construction cost is reduced, and the house building quality is improved.

Description

Method for building assembled concrete house by adopting novel connecting end component

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a method for building a house using an assembled concrete system.

Technical Field

The method for building a house by adopting the assembly type concrete system at present has the following defects:

1. the design and production of the components are not standardized, so the quantity of the components is large; the components comprise various large prefabricated components, so that the manufacturing cost of the mold is high, the cost of the prefabricated components is high, large vehicles and special supports are required for transporting the large prefabricated components, and the additional transportation cost further increases the house building cost; the production of large-scale and various prefabricated reinforced concrete components determines the large investment of a concrete prefabricated component processing factory, and further limits the universality of the use of the prefabricated reinforced concrete components. The building cost of the concrete fabricated system is higher than the construction cost of the traditional process due to the reasons, so that the market acceptance of the current fabricated concrete system is difficult.

2. The cast-in-place frame concrete finished by the traditional process is of an integral structure, and the stress system is complete. However, the frame concrete which is not assembled in the existing assembly type concrete technology is a whole, some important nodes have certain hidden danger in structure, and the technology has defects.

Disclosure of Invention

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a column used in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a core barrel assembly block for high-rise core barrel assembly construction according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural view of the main beam, the sub beam, the cantilever beam and the floor plate of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of various main beams, sub-beams, outriggers, and floor panels of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of two other floor panels of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a shear wall panel employed and a beam employed above the shear wall that make up the shear wall of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the assembly of the components constituting the staircase and the staircase according to the invention.

Fig. 8 is a roof element for use with the present invention: roof truss roof beam, roof truss beam seat, roof truss sloping seat, ridge roof beam connecting piece and roof boarding.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of the present invention of an iron plate with better performance for the end of the column (including the core barrel block) and beam connector

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a story construction using the member of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a schematic view of a roof construction using the member of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the completed column-to-column junction, beam-to-column junction of the present invention

Figure 13 is a point view of the wall panel installation of the present invention.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

in the following, with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is described in detail how the building is implemented according to the invention:

in fig. 1, the column features are as follows:

1. two upper and lower both ends faces in the post are the board as an organic whole with the arrangement of reinforcement welding of concrete in the post, have the through-hole that can pass the high strength bolt on the board, and the middle part of board also has a macropore concrete that can pass through the watering, and the back of board vacates the cavity that a section distance formed to the terminal surface of concrete, can install the bolt that passes the iron plate of adjacent post in this cavity, and is as an organic whole with two board interconnect.

2. The column body has set up the roof beam connector that stretches out the column body with the junction of roof beam, and the end structure of connector is similar with the end of post: the end face is also an iron plate welded with the reinforcing bars into a whole, and the iron plate is also provided with a plurality of through holes capable of penetrating through the high-strength bolts; a distance is also left between the back surface of the end iron plate and the end surface of the concrete; but the intersection angle of the end surface and the horizontal plane is an obtuse angle rather than a right angle; the upper surface of the beam connector is provided with a concrete grouting hole communicated with the cavity on the back surface of the iron plate.

3. Each surface of the column is provided with at least four column positioning holes penetrating through the column body of the column, and bolts penetrate through the holes on the positioning rods and the column positioning holes, so that the columns which are not fixed above the positioning holes can be temporarily fixed and supported without shaking, and the iron plates on the end surfaces of the upper column and the lower column can be connected and fixed into a whole by high-strength bolts.

4. Each surface of the column is provided with at least four blind holes embedded with nuts, and the blind holes are used for conveniently and quickly installing other plates on the surface of the column.

5. In the lower part of the column body, a hole is formed to pass through the surface of the column to the lower end face of the column, and the function of the hole is that when the high-strength bolt passes through the holes on the end face plates of the upper column and the lower column and the upper column and the lower column are connected, concrete is poured into the hole to fill all gaps at the joint of the upper column and the lower column, and at the moment, the reinforcing steel bars in the upper column and the lower column are connected into a whole through the plates on the end faces of the column and the high-strength bolt, so that the node is structurally changed into a whole column after the above steps are completed.

The core tube reinforced concrete composite block in fig. 2 has the following characteristics:

1. the structure of the end of the reinforced concrete combination block of the core tube is the same as that of the end of the column in the upper drawing, and the description is omitted.

2. The block body is provided with a large hole which penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the combined block.

3. The surface of the die plate is provided with a plurality of die plate fixing holes which penetrate through the two surfaces.

4. The side surface of the steel plate extends out of the reinforcing bar.

The concrete construction method for implementing the core tube construction by the core tube reinforced concrete combined block comprises the following steps:

the high-strength bolt penetrates through the plates on the end faces of the combined blocks of the upper core barrel and the lower core barrel, the bolt is screwed, then the side faces of the left combined block and the right combined block extend out of the reinforcing bars and are welded, so that the reinforcing bars in the combined blocks are connected into a whole, the template is tightly attached to the two faces by utilizing template fixing holes in the combined blocks, then concrete is poured downwards from a cavity formed by the side faces of the combined blocks and the template and a large hole in the combined blocks, and the core barrel with the same quality as that of the core barrel constructed on site by the traditional method is obtained.

The characteristics of the main beam, the secondary beam, the cantilever beam and the floor slab of the concrete member in fig. 3 are as follows:

1. ordinary girder:

(1) the structures of the two ends of the main beam are the same as those of the beam connectors on the column bodies, except that the grouting holes are still communicated to the upper surface of the beam, the rest parts of the main beam and the beam are mutually inverted and symmetrical, and the included angle between the beam end panel and the water direction is an acute angle. .

(2) And the reinforcing bars on the upper part of the main beam are exposed, so that the main beam can be conveniently connected with the reinforcing bars on the upper parts of the secondary beam and the floor slab.

(3) And the concrete grouting hole is communicated from the upper surface of the beam to the back surface of the iron plate.

(4) And steps are arranged on the upper part of the main beam along the length direction of the main beam, so that the floor plates can be conveniently installed and positioned.

(5) A plurality of groups of nuts are embedded in the bottom and the outer side of the main beam, the distance between each group of nuts is the same, the distance is 300 mm or 500 mm, and the nuts embedded in the bottom are convenient for the installation of the wallboard; the nuts embedded into the side faces are convenient for fixing the pouring template when pouring concrete on the upper portion of the main beam.

The concrete construction method for connecting the main beam and the beam connector comprises the following steps: after the high-strength bolt passes through the holes on the end face plates of the connector and the beam end, the two plates are connected, concrete is poured through the pouring holes on the upper parts of the beam connector and the beam end to fill all gaps at the connecting part, and at the moment, the beam connector and the reinforcing steel bars inside the beam are connected into a whole through the plates on the end face and the high-strength bolt, so that after the step is completed by the joint, the beam is structurally integrated with the beam connector, and the beam connector is originally integrated with the column, so that after the beam column is installed on site, the beam and the column are connected into a whole. Therefore, the mechanical property of the frame assembled on site by the column beam is not lower than that of the beam-column frame assembled by the traditional construction method of pouring concrete by using the on-site binding reinforcing steel bars. But the construction is much simpler and the quality is easier to control.

2. Main beam connected with outrigger:

it is different from ordinary girder in: the connection part of the steel plate and the cantilever beam is provided with a groove which is wider than the cross section of the cantilever beam, and an iron plate which forms an obtuse angle with the horizontal plane and is provided with a plurality of holes is arranged in the groove.

3. Main beam connected with secondary beam:

it is different from ordinary girder in: the connection part of the secondary beam is provided with a beam connector arranged on the side surface.

4. Main beam connected with roof truss beam:

it is different from ordinary girder in: the connection with the roof truss beam is also a beam connector, but the beam connector is located above the main beam rather than on the side.

5. Secondary beam:

the secondary beam has the same structure as the main beam, but is smaller than the main beam in size.

6. Cantilever beam:

one end of the cantilever beam extends out of the reinforcing bar, iron plates which are symmetrical to the main beam groove in an up-down overturning mode are welded on the reinforcing bar, and the other end of the cantilever beam is a parallel section.

The connection method of the secondary beam, the cantilever beam and the main beam is the same as the connection method of the main beam and the beam connector, so the description is omitted.

7. Floor support plates:

in the figure, two floor plates are provided, one is that the reinforcing bars in the floor plates extend out of two ends, the other is that the reinforcing bars in the floor plates do not extend out of two ends, and the rest is the same.

(1) The two ends of the reinforcing bars in the floor plates are extended out for being welded with the exposed reinforcing bars at the upper parts of the overlapped beams into a whole.

(2) And the two sides of the floor boards are provided with the paired concave-convex grooves, so that the floor boards can be embedded into each other to form a whole.

(3) The floor plates are provided with a plurality of grooves for plugging the bottom, and reinforcing bars extending into the grooves from the interior of the plates are arranged in the grooves, so that the inner reinforcing bars of the floor plates are connected into a whole.

The floor boards are embedded into the beams and then welded to the reinforcing bars at the connecting parts (the reinforcing bars in the grooves blocked at the bottom, the reinforcing bars at two ends and the reinforcing bars exposed at the upper part of the overlapped beams). And then pouring concrete to connect the floor plate and the beam column into a whole.

The characteristics of the section of the member beam and the floor slab in fig. 4 are as follows:

the beam with different sections and the plate with different structures can meet the requirements of different buildings:

the upper part of the beam in the figures (1) and (2) is provided with a step, and the reinforcing bars at the upper part are exposed: the floor plates matched with the beams with the sections are (a) and (b) in the drawing, and the steps on the upper parts of the beams are used for accurately positioning the plates when the concrete floor plates are installed; the reinforcing bars are exposed so as to weld the reinforcing bars of the beam and the reinforcing bars at the extending end parts of the floor plates, so that the floor plates and the beam are connected into a whole.

The upper part of the beam in fig (3) has a step, with holes along the beam axis: the floor plates matched with the beam with the section are shown as (c) and (d), the sliding of the floor plates during earthquake can be blocked by the steps and the bolts penetrating through the holes on the floor plates and the beam body, the effect is slightly poorer than that of the beam shown in the figures (1) and (2), and the construction process is simple.

The upper part of the beam in fig (4) has a step, no holes along the beam axis: the floor plates matched with the beams with the sections are (e) and (f) in the drawing, the step can block the sliding of the floor plates in the earthquake, the effect is poor, and the construction process is simple.

The beam upper part in fig (5) is without step, with holes along the beam axis: the floor plates matched with the beam with the section are (c) and (d) in the drawing, bolts penetrating through holes in the floor plates and the beam body can block the floor plates from sliding in the earthquake, the effect is poor, and the construction process is simple.

The upper beam part in fig (6) is without steps and no holes along the beam axis: the floor plates matched with the beam with the section are two types (c) and (d) in the figure, and the floor plates can be connected into a whole plate only by the floor plates to prevent the floor plates from sliding in the earthquake, so that the effect is the worst, and the construction process is the simplest.

In fig. 5, the two floor panels are characterized as follows:

1. floor board with rectangular cavity section: the concrete layer on the upper part of the rectangular cavity is thicker, the concrete layer on the lower part of the rectangular cavity is thinner, and the rectangular cavity saves more concrete than the round hole in the figure 5.

2. Floor board with open slot section: the floor board is more material-saving, but needs a suspended ceiling.

In fig. 6, the characteristics of the various concrete members of the shear wall are as follows:

1. reinforced concrete shear wallboard:

(1) the section of the hole-shaped plastic pipe is a rectangle with holes, and the holes on the two sides are half holes.

(2) Along the direction of the plate thickness, a plurality of pairs of grooves are arranged on two sides of the plate, and reinforcing bars extending from the plate to the grooves are arranged in the grooves.

(3) And each wall surface of each shear wall plate is provided with at least two groups of nuts, so that plates made of other materials can be conveniently fixed on the shear wall plate.

2. Beam above shear wall panel:

the beam above the shear wall panel differs from the main beam of the present invention only in that the upper and lower faces of the beam have a plurality of large holes therethrough.

The construction method comprises the following steps:

the reinforcing bars extending to the grooves among the shear wall plates are welded, all the reinforcing bars of the shear wall plates are connected into a whole, concrete is poured from the through holes in the beam body above the shear wall plates, and the shear wall plates and the poured concrete form a whole wall body with a shear-resisting function.

The various concrete elements of the staircase in fig. 7 are characterized as follows:

1. a stair beam:

(1) the structures of the two end surfaces of the stair beam are similar to those of the main beam, and only the angles of the end surfaces are different.

(2) One side of the stair beam is provided with a plurality of groups of stepping connecting pieces bent into 90 degrees by using angle steel, one side of each stepping connecting piece is welded on the reinforcement in the plate, the other side of each stepping connecting piece extends out of the side of the beam, and each extending side is provided with two holes.

2. Stair tread:

(1) the stair boards are rectangular boards with reinforcing bars inside,

(2) and both ends of the board surface are provided with through holes with enlarged blind holes.

The process of connecting the stair beam and the beam connector on the side surface of the beam is the same as the process of connecting the beam and the beam connector, and the description is omitted. After the connection of the stair girders is finished, the step plates are fixed on the step connecting pieces by bolts, and then the assembly construction of the stairs is completed.

In fig. 8, the roof truss elements are characterized as follows: ,

1. roof truss roof beam:

(1) the two ends of the roof truss girder are similar to the main girder, but the included angles between the two end surfaces of the girder and the axis of the girder are not necessarily equal.

(2) And the reinforcing bars at the upper part of the roof truss girder are not exposed.

(3) And grooves are formed on two side surfaces of the beam along the direction of the axis of the beam.

(4) And a plurality of groups of holes are arranged on the beam, the holes are communicated into the grooves on the two sides, and the distances among the holes in each group are the same and are both 500 mm or 600 mm modulus.

2. Roof truss beam base:

(1) the roof truss beam base is an inclined T-shaped block, one end of the T shape is symmetrical with the lower end of the roof truss beam in a vertically reversed mode, the end face of the other end of the T shape is flush, and a convex block forming a 90-degree intersection angle with the face is arranged on the end face.

(2) And grooves are formed on the two side surfaces along the length direction.

(3) And the upper surface of the groove is provided with a through hole which is communicated with the grooves at the two sides.

(4) The lower structure of the T-shaped block is the same as that of the beam connector.

3. Roof truss sloping:

the cross section of the roof truss sloping beam is 5-edge type, and the other sections are the same as the roof truss beam.

4. Roof truss sloping base:

the upper section of the T-shaped block body of the roof truss oblique beam base is 5-edge type, and the rest is the same as the roof truss beam base.

5. Ridge beam:

(1) the two ends of the beam are provided with grooves with downward openings

(2) The ridge beam is a concrete beam with a section of 5-edge, and the top surfaces and the two sides of the two ends of the ridge beam are provided with step holes communicated with the grooves with downward openings.

6. Roof beam connecting piece:

(1) the plate is welded to the end face of the angle member.

(2) The surfaces of the angle section and the plate are all provided with holes.

5. Roof boarding:

the roof panel is similar to the floor panel with the reinforcing bars not extending out of two ends in the figure 2, the two sides are provided with matched convex and concave grooves, the wall surfaces of the two ends are provided with through holes with steps, only the side surfaces are not provided with grooves with bottom plugging, and the material is aerated concrete panels with better heat preservation performance.

In fig. 9, the characteristics of the iron plate having better performance are as follows:

1. for column end iron plates:

the plate of the inclined boss is mounted on the lower portion of the column. The plate of the inclined groove is mounted on the upper part of the column. When the upper column is hoisted to the upper side of the column to be connected and placed downwards, the inclined boss on the lower plate of the upper column guides the upper column into the groove on the upper plate of the lower column, and in addition, the plates embedded into each other more effectively enhance the function of preventing the horizontal displacement of the column (the function is also provided by the high-strength bolt passing between the two plates).

2. Iron plates for beam connectors and beam ends:

the plate of the groove with two inclined sides is arranged at the end part of the beam connecting head on the column body, and the plate of the boss with two inclined sides is arranged at the end head of the beam. Even if the beam is dislocated in the horizontal direction during hoisting, the inclined bosses on the plates on the two sides of the beam can guide the beam to automatically position. Furthermore, the plates embedded in each other more effectively enhance the function of preventing horizontal displacement of the beam (which also occurs through the high strength bolts between the two plates).

Fig. 10 shows the assembly of the floor frames and the floor boards according to the present invention, which does not require a large number of skilled workers in the conventional site concrete construction, and the work of laying the floor boards by connecting the members of the beam column together with high-strength bolts is completed.

Note: in fact, when the floor slab is laid, concrete pouring at the joints of the main beam beams is already finished, and the concrete pouring at the joints is not shown in the figure for showing the connection parts.

Figure 11 shows the assembly of the roof truss of the present invention. The traditional site concrete roof construction, especially the construction of a sloping roof, is difficult and needs technical workers such as carpenters and steel bar workers. The roof construction process of the invention is very simple: the connection of the roof truss including the three-sided sloping roof is completed only by connecting various members of the roof truss together with high-strength bolts. The roof plate is laid in the same way as the floor plate fixed by bolts, and the process is simple.

In the cross-sectional view of the column-to-column connection node and the beam-to-beam connection node of the present invention shown in fig. 12: the stress state analysis of each section after the concrete pouring work of the joint is finished is as follows:

1. section of column junction: except for the section at the position A2, each section is loaded by the reinforcing bars and the concrete, the section A2 is jointly borne by the concrete and the high-strength bolt or the concrete, the high-strength bolt and the boss of the lower end plate of the column extending into the groove of the upper end plate, and the bearing capacity of the high-strength bolt is far higher than that of the reinforcing bars, so that the section A2 has higher bearing capacity. In other words, the strength of the column nodes is higher than the strength of the other sections of the column adjacent to the nodes (it is clear that the end plates used in section 2 at the column junction have a higher strength of connection at this junction).

2. Section of beam joint: except for the sections at positions B2 and B3, each section only has a reinforcement and concrete to bear load, and the sections B2 and B3 are jointly borne by the concrete and a high-strength bolt with the strength far higher than that of the reinforcement, and a plate with the section area far larger than that of a beam connector and a beam end of the reinforcement, so that obviously, the sections B2 and B3 have higher bearing capacity. In other words, the strength of the beam connection node is higher than the strength of other sections of the beam adjacent to the node.

In summary, the concrete frame completed by the joint connection method of the present invention has the strength at all joints after connecting the members on site, which is not lower than that of the frame in the conventional method at all corresponding positions, that is, the integrity of the concrete frame is not lower than that of the building completed by the conventional process of binding the reinforced concrete on site (obviously, the end plates used for the section 2 at the beam joint have higher connection strength at the joint).

In fig. 13:

the angle material inserted into the groove at the upper part of the aerated wallboard is fixed on the nut embedded under the beam by the fixing bolt, the wall connecting bolt passes through the holes of the wallboard and the angle material to prevent the wallboard from falling integrally (the reinforcing mesh in the board and the bolt form flexible connection) when an earthquake occurs, and the groove inserted into the lower part of the board and the iron bar in the groove corresponding to the groove at the ground can prevent the lateral displacement of the lower part of the board.

Claims

1. A method for building assembled concrete is characterized in that: the end surfaces of the stress member beam and the stress member column for assembling the building are steel plates with a plurality of holes, the steel plates are connected with internal reinforcing bars of the members into a whole, the back surfaces of the plates are provided with cavities and grouting holes, the stress members can be connected into a whole through the plates on the end surfaces by using high-strength bolts, and the connection between the members is completed after the cavities of the plates are filled with grouting; the floor plates can also be connected with the beam columns into a whole.

2. The structural column of claim 1: the upper end face and the lower end face of each column are steel plates welded with the reinforcing bars into a whole, each steel plate is provided with a plurality of holes (including a large hole in the middle of the steel plate), and the back of each plate is provided with a space; each side of the column is provided with four holes penetrating through the column body and a blind hole embedded with a nut, the holes are communicated with a plate on the lower end face from the side face of the column, a beam connector is arranged at the connecting part of the column and the beam, the end structure of the connector is similar to the end structure of the column, but the intersection angle of the plate on the end face and the horizontal plane is an obtuse angle, and a large hole is communicated with a cavity on the back face of the plate from the upper face of the beam connector.

3. The structural member core barrel concrete composite block of claim 1: the upper and lower end parts have the same structure as the upper and lower end parts of the center pillar in claim 2, but the hole penetrates the upper and lower surfaces, the side surface of the hole is provided with a protruding reinforcing bar, and the wall surface is provided with a through hole.

4. The common main beam of building elements of claim 1: it is characterized in that: the structures of the two ends of the beam and the end of the beam connector are in up-down turnover symmetry, but the access of the concrete grouting hole is still accessed to the upper surface of the beam from the cavity behind the plate; the side and bottom of the beam are provided with blind holes for embedding nuts, the upper part of the beam is provided with steps or has no steps, the reinforcing bars on the upper part of the beam are exposed or not exposed, and through holes or no through holes are arranged between the upper surface and the lower surface of the beam.

5. The main beam of claim 1 wherein the building element is connected to the secondary beam: the main beam is different from the common main beam in that a beam connector is arranged at the joint of the main beam and the secondary beam.

6. The main beam of the building element and outrigger of claim 1: the main beam is different from the common main beam in that a section of groove is arranged at the joint of the main beam and the secondary beam, and a plate with a hole is arranged at the bottom of the groove.

7. The main beam of the building element of claim 1 connected to a roof truss beam: the difference between the roof truss girder and the common main girder is that the joint between the roof truss girder and the common main girder is a girder joint positioned on the main girder.

8. The building element secondary beam of claim 1: the structure of the main beam is the same as that of the main beam, and the section size of the main beam is smaller than that of the main beam.

9. A building element cantilever as used in claim 1: one end of the secondary beam is the same as the end of the secondary beam, and the other end of the secondary beam is flush.

10. As in claim 1, the building element floor slab used: the reinforcing bars in the floor plates extend out or do not extend out of the two ends; the two sides of the plate are provided with a pair of concave-convex grooves and a plurality of pairs of grooves with blocked bottoms, reinforcing bars extending into the grooves from the interior of the plate are arranged in the grooves, and the section of the reinforcing bars is any one of solid, round hole, rectangular hole with the upper edge thicker than the lower edge and open slot.

11. A building component shear wall panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the points are: the section of the hole-shaped plastic pipe is a rectangle with holes, and the holes on the two sides are half holes; along the thickness direction of the plate, a plurality of pairs of grooves are arranged on two sides of the plate, and reinforcing bars extending from the inner part of the plate to the grooves are arranged in the grooves; the wall surface of the shear wallboard is provided with a blind hole for embedding the nut.

12. A beam above a shear wall panel of a building element for use in claim 1 which differs from the main beam only in that the main beam has a plurality of holes running up and down through it.

13. A building element stair nosing as claimed in claim 1 characterised by: the structures at the two ends of the stair beam are the same as the structures at the ends of the secondary beam, a plurality of groups of angle steels are bent into 90 degrees on the side faces, one side of each angle steel is welded on the reinforcing bar in the plate, the other side of each angle steel extends out of the side face of the beam, and each extending face of each angle steel is provided with a hole.

14. A building element stair tread as in claim 1, characterized by: the stair tread is a rectangular plate with reinforcing bars inside, and through holes for enlarging blind holes are formed in two ends of the plate surface.

15. A building element roof truss beam as used in claim 1 wherein: the roof truss girder is the same as the secondary girder, but the angles of the two ends are not necessarily the same; grooves are arranged on two side surfaces along the length direction of the beam; the upper surface of the beam is provided with a plurality of groups of through holes which are communicated with the grooves at the two sides.

16. A building element roof truss beam mount for use as in claim 1 wherein: the roof truss beam base is an inclined T-shaped block, one end of the T shape is symmetrical with the lower end of the roof truss beam in a vertically reversed manner, a lug forming an angle of 90 degrees with the surface is arranged on the other end of the T shape, and grooves are formed in the length direction of the two side surfaces; the upper holes are communicated with the grooves on the two sides. The lower form of the T-shaped block is the same as that of the beam connector.

17. As in claim 1, the building element roof truss stringer in use is characterized by: the section of the oblique beam is 5-edge type, and the others are the same as the roof truss beam.

18. As in claim 1, the building element roof truss stringer base used is characterized by: the oblique beam bases of the roof truss are basically the same, the cross section of the upper part of the oblique beam base is a 5-edge type, and two surfaces of the upper part of the 5-edge type are provided with lugs forming an angle of 90 degrees with the surface.

19. The building member ridge beam as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the beam are provided with groove ridge beams with downward openings, the groove ridge beams with the downward openings are concrete beams with reinforced bars with 5-edge sections, and the tops and the two sides of the two ends of the beam are provided with step holes which are communicated with the grooves with the downward openings.

20. Another panel for the end faces of a column beam according to claim 1, the panels at the location of the interconnection being mutually embeddable in pairs: the surface of one plate is provided with an inclined boss, and the surface of the other plate is provided with an inclined groove.