CN114361921A - High-power 2.8-micrometer mid-infrared optical fiber laser amplifier - Google Patents
High-power 2.8-micrometer mid-infrared optical fiber laser amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN114361921A CN114361921A CN202111546780.6A CN202111546780A CN114361921A CN 114361921 A CN114361921 A CN 114361921A CN 202111546780 A CN202111546780 A CN 202111546780A CN 114361921 A CN114361921 A CN 114361921A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005371 ZBLAN Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004476 mid-IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 rare earth ion Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of optical fiber amplifiers of intermediate infrared bands, and particularly provides an intermediate infrared optical fiber laser amplifier of a high-power 2.8 mu m band, which can effectively avoid the bottleneck problem of shortage of optical fiber devices of a high-damage threshold unit of the intermediate infrared band and obtain high-efficiency and high-power 2.8 mu m optical fiber laser output. The pump beam combiner combines double-collimation signal lasers generated by a first signal source and a second signal source and injects the combined laser beams into a gain optical fiber through a signal injection end of a first wavelength division multiplexer to form double-cascade signal seed light; forward pump light and backward pump light generated by the first pump source and the second pump source are respectively injected into the gain optical fiber through pump arms of the first wavelength division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer to form bidirectional pump light, double-collimation signal lasers with the wavelength of 1.6 mu m and 2.8 mu m are amplified in a cascade mode, and high-power optical fiber lasers with the wavelength of 2.8 mu m and amplified are output by an output end cap end.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical fiber amplifier of a mid-infrared waveband, in particular to a high-power 2.8 mu m waveband mid-infrared optical fiber laser amplifier.
Background
The 2.8 μm band is located at a very unique spectral position in the mid-infrared band region, with very unique characteristics: the wave band is H2O、CO2、H2S、AsH3And the absorption peak area of the molecules is extremely strong, and in addition, the absorption peak area is positioned in a middle infrared band with longer wavelength compared with a near infrared band. Therefore, the laser light source with the waveband has a good application prospect in various civil and scientific research fields such as biological tissue laser surgery, toxic gas monitoring, spectrum detection, mid-infrared long-wavelength laser pumping and the like. In the last decade, fiber laser light sources in the mid-infrared band have made many important breakthroughs due to rapid development of mid-infrared fiber materials and devices, but there are few reports on fiber laser amplifiers in the band.
Rare earth Er3+The ions have extremely wide fluorescence gain spectrum (2700-2950 nm) in the waveband, and the rare earth ion doped fluoride fiber (ZBLAN) is an extremely ideal gain fiber medium for the laser in the waveband. At present, relevant research institutions and scientific research colleges at home and abroad have a lot of public reports on realizing the output of the mid-infrared optical fiber laser based on the gain optical fiber, but the output power of the band laser light source is always limited by the defects of high damage threshold mid-infrared band unit optical fiber devices (such as optical fiber gratings, mid-infrared beam combiners and the like). In addition, the current band fiber laser is limited by a single pumping mode, a single pumping wavelength and a single resonant cavity structure, so that the laser slope efficiency is difficult to improve, and the further improvement of the laser power is also limited. Therefore, in order to obtain a high-power laser light source in this wavelength band, the above-related problems need to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-power 2.8 mu m waveband mid-infrared fiber laser amplifier, which is based on rare earth Er3+The 2.8 mu m optical fiber laser amplifier of the ion-doped fluoride optical fiber can effectively avoid the bottleneck problem of shortage of optical fiber devices of a middle infrared band high damage threshold unit, and obtain high-efficiency and high-power optical fiber laser output.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a high-power 2.8 mu m mid-infrared fiber laser amplifier is characterized in that: the device comprises a first signal source, a second signal source, a pumping beam combiner, a first pumping source, a first wavelength division multiplexer, a gain fiber, a second wavelength division multiplexer, a second pumping source and an output end cap;
the first signal source is in beam-splitting fusion with a first end of the pump beam combiner, and the second signal source is in beam-splitting fusion with a second end of the pump beam combiner; the beam combining end of the pump beam combiner is welded with the signal injection end of the first wavelength division multiplexer; the beam combining end of the first wavelength division multiplexer is welded with the front end of the gain optical fiber; the rear end of the gain optical fiber is welded with the beam combining end of the second wavelength division multiplexer; the signal output end of the second wavelength division multiplexer is welded with the output end cap;
the first pumping source is welded with the pumping end of the first wavelength division multiplexer; the second pumping source is welded with the pumping end of the second wavelength division multiplexer;
the pump beam combiner combines double-collimation signal lasers generated by the first signal source and the second signal source and then injects the combined laser beams into the gain optical fiber through the signal injection end of the first wavelength division multiplexer to form double-cascade signal seed light; forward pump light and backward pump light generated by the first pump source and the second pump source are respectively injected into the gain optical fiber through pump arms of the first wavelength division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer to form bidirectional pump light, double-collimation signal lasers with the wavelength of 1.6 mu m and 2.8 mu m are amplified in a cascade mode, and high-power optical fiber lasers with the wavelength of 2.8 mu m and amplified are output by an output end cap end.
Optionally, the first signal source is an Er-doped quartz fiber laser, the output wavelength is 1.6 μm, and the output power is 0-20W.
Optionally, the second signal source is an Er-doped fluoride fiber laser, the output wavelength is 1.6 μm, and the output power is 0-20W.
Optionally, the first pump source and the second pump source are both semiconductor pump lasers, the output wavelength is 981nm, and the output power is 0-200W.
Optionally, the gain fiber is an Er-doped fluoride (ZBLAN) fiber, and the doping concentration is 70000 ppm;
the gain optical fiber comprises a core layer and a cladding layer, wherein the inner cladding layer is of a double D-shaped structure, and the diameters of the core, the inner cladding layer and the outer cladding layer are respectively 15 mu m, 240 mu m, 260 mu m and 290 mu m.
Optionally, the output end cap is a fluoride single crystal, and two ends of the output end cap are plated with high-permeability films with a wavelength band of 2.8 μm, so that the fluoride optical fiber end cap is effectively prevented from being deliquesced under high power.
Optionally, the working waveband of the pumping beam combiner is 1.5-3 μm; the working wavelength of the first wavelength division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer is 981/1600&2800nm, and the insertion loss is less than 0.5 dB.
The invention utilizes a pumping beam combiner to combine two beams of signal lasers output by a first signal source and a second signal source and inject the two beams of signal lasers into a gain optical fiber through a signal injection end of a first wavelength division multiplexer to form double-cascade signal seed lights with the diameters of 1.6 mu m and 2.8 mu m; the forward pump light and the backward pump light output by the first pump source and the second pump source are respectively injected into the gain fiber through the pump arms of the first wavelength division multiplexer and the second wavelength division multiplexer to form bidirectional pump light with a 981nm wave band, and finally, two-stage joint amplification signals of 1.6 microns and 2.8 microns are realized, and high-power 2.8 micron amplification fiber laser is output through the output end cap.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the high-power 2.8-micron intermediate infrared fiber laser amplifier provided by the invention adopts an optical fiber amplifier structure of an intermediate infrared band, and can skillfully avoid the use of rare intermediate infrared unit optical fiber devices such as intermediate infrared fiber gratings, intermediate infrared beam combiners and the like.
2. The high-power 2.8-micron intermediate infrared fiber laser amplifier provided by the invention adopts a long-wavelength 981nm (compared with the traditional 976nm) bidirectional pumping structure, and on one hand, the Er in the fluoride fiber can be remarkably reduced3+The Excited State Absorption (ESA) of ions improves the laser slope efficiency value, and on the other hand, can reduce the heat load of the gain fiber.
3. The high-power 2.8 mu m mid-infrared optical fiber laser amplifier provided by the invention is ingeniousThe 1.6 mu m and 2.8 mu m double-signal light cascade amplification structure is adopted, and Er can be effectively enhanced3+Energy transfer up-conversion process (ETU) in the ions reduces ESA phenomenon and further improves the efficiency of 2.8 mu m laser.
4. The high-power 2.8 mu m mid-infrared fiber laser amplifier provided by the invention uses the fluoride fiber with doping concentration up to 70000ppm as the gain fiber, and can remarkably improve Er compared with the gain fiber with low doping concentration (less than 70000ppm)3+The energy level transfer up-conversion process between rare earth ions in the ion energy level transition (ETU1,4I13/2,4I13/2→4I9/2,4I15/2) Further, the laser self-termination phenomenon is suppressed, and the laser slope efficiency is improved.
5. The high-power 2.8-micron intermediate infrared optical fiber laser amplifier provided by the invention adopts the output end cap of calcium fluoride single crystal, and can effectively inhibit the problem that the fluoride optical fiber end cap is extremely easy to deliquesce.
6. The high-power 2.8-micron mid-infrared optical fiber laser amplifier provided by the invention has the advantages of novel structure, simplicity, compactness, full optical fiber structure and better stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the high power 2.8 μm mid-infrared fiber laser amplifier of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the amplified signal output spectrum achieved by the high power 2.8 μm mid-IR fiber laser amplifier of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of laser slope efficiency achieved by a high power 2.8 μm mid-IR fiber laser amplifier of the present invention;
reference numerals:
1-a first signal source, 2-a second signal source, 3-a pumping beam combiner, 4-a first pumping source, 5-a first wavelength division multiplexer, 6-a gain fiber, 7-a second wavelength division multiplexer, 8-a second pumping source and 9-an output end cap.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, a high power 2.8 μm mid-infrared fiber laser amplifier according to the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-power 2.8 μm mid-infrared fiber laser amplifier provided by the present invention mainly comprises a first signal source 1, a second signal source 2, a pump combiner 3, a first pump source 4, a first wavelength division multiplexer 5, a gain fiber 6, a second wavelength division multiplexer 7, a second pump source 8, and an output end cap 9.
The first signal source 1 is welded with a port a of a beam splitting end of the pump beam combiner 3, and the second signal source 2 is welded with a port b of the beam splitting end of the pump beam combiner 3; the beam combining end of the pump beam combiner 3 is welded with the signal injection end of the first wavelength division multiplexer 5; the first pumping source 4 is welded with the pumping end of the first wavelength division multiplexer 5; the front end of the gain fiber 6 is welded with the beam combining end of the first wavelength division multiplexer 5, and the rear end of the gain fiber is welded with the beam combining end of the second wavelength division multiplexer 7; the second pumping source 8 is welded with the pumping end of the second wavelength division multiplexer 7; the signal output end of the second wavelength division multiplexer 7 is welded with the output end cap 9.
The first signal source 1 and the second signal source 2 can adopt an Er-doped quartz fiber laser and an Er-doped fluoride fiber laser respectively, the laser output wavelengths are 1.6 mu m and 2.8 mu m respectively, and the maximum output power is 10W; the output wavelength of the semiconductor lasers adopted by the first pumping source 4 and the second pumping source 8 is 981nm, and the maximum output power is 200W; the working wave band of the pump beam combiner 3 is 1.5-3 μm; the first wavelength division multiplexer 5 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 7 have an operating wavelength of 981/1600&2800nm, the insertion loss is less than 0.5 dB; er can be used as the gain fiber 63+The doped ZBLAN optical fiber has the doping concentration of 70000ppm, the diameters of a fiber core, an inner cladding and an outer cladding are respectively 15, 240 × 260 and 290 micrometers, and the inner cladding has a double-D structure; the output end cap 9 is calcium fluoride monocrystal, cylindrical in shape, and has antireflection film coated on two ends (at 1.6 μm and 2.8 μm wave bands: transmittance is not less than 99%).
The parameters of the optical fiber devices can be adjusted within a small range, but the parameters of the devices need to be matched.
In the embodiment, a pumping beam combiner 3 is used for combining two beams of signal lasers output by a first signal source 1 and a second signal source 2 and injecting the combined beams into a gain optical fiber 6 through a signal injection end of a first wavelength division multiplexer 5 to form double-cascade signal seed lights with the diameters of 1.6 microns and 2.8 microns; the forward pump light and the backward pump light output by the first pump source 4 and the second pump source 8 are respectively injected into the gain fiber 6 through the pump arms of the first wavelength division multiplexer 5 and the second wavelength division multiplexer 7 to form bidirectional pump light with a 981nm wave band, and finally double-stage joint amplification signals of 1.6 mu m and 2.8 mu m are realized, and high-power amplification fiber laser is output through the output end cap 9.
The optical fiber laser amplifier structure provided by the invention skillfully avoids using the traditional scarce intermediate infrared unit optical fiber devices such as intermediate infrared optical fiber gratings, intermediate infrared beam combiners and the like, can effectively solve the problems of shortage of the intermediate infrared unit optical fiber devices in high-power 2.8 mu m wave bands and overhigh heat load of gain optical fibers due to low laser efficiency, and finally realizes the high-power optical fiber laser output.
The fiber laser amplifier structure provided by the invention adopts a bidirectional pumping structure with long wavelength 981nm (relative to the traditional 976nm), and on one hand, the Er in the fluoride fiber can be remarkably reduced3+The Excited State Absorption (ESA) of ions improves the laser slope efficiency value, and on the other hand, can reduce the heat load of the gain fiber.
In addition, the invention also adopts a 1.6 mu m and 2.8 mu m double-signal light cascade amplification structure, and can effectively and obviously enhance Er3+The energy transfer up-conversion process in the ion (ETU1) further improves the efficiency of the 2.8 μm laser, thereby reducing the generation of heat.
The invention adopts the calcium fluoride single crystal output end cap plated with the high antireflection film, and can effectively inhibit the problem that the fluoride optical fiber end cap is extremely easy to deliquesce under high power.
The high-power 2.8-micron mid-infrared optical fiber laser amplifier is of an all-optical fiber structure, and can realize high-power, stable and efficient 2.8-micron amplified signal output. Through simulation and calculation, amplified signal outputs with different powers, laser conversion efficiency and output power values can be obtained by using different pump light powers and different signal seed source powers, fig. 2 shows that the signal-to-noise ratio of an amplified signal spectrum obtained under the conditions that the pump light power is 200W and the signal seed source power is 5W is more than 50dB, which shows that the optical fiber laser amplifier can effectively suppress gain noise and obtain an amplified laser signal with good signal-to-noise ratio. Fig. 3 is a graph of the laser slope efficiency of the amplifier under the condition that the optical power of the signal seed is 5W, the slope efficiency value is as high as 32.4%, the maximum output power reaches 130W, which is much higher than the currently publicly reported slope efficiency and maximum output power value.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A high-power 2.8 μm mid-infrared fiber laser amplifier is characterized in that: the device comprises a first signal source (1), a second signal source (2), a pumping beam combiner (3), a first pumping source (4), a first wavelength division multiplexer (5), a gain fiber (6), a second wavelength division multiplexer (7), a second pumping source (8) and an output end cap (9);
the first signal source (1) is in split-beam welding with a first end of the pump beam combiner (3), and the second signal source (2) is in split-beam welding with a second end of the pump beam combiner (3); the beam combining end of the pump beam combiner (3) is welded with the signal injection end of the first wavelength division multiplexer (5); the beam combining end of the first wavelength division multiplexer (5) is welded with the front end of the gain optical fiber (6); the rear end of the gain optical fiber (6) is welded with the beam combining end of the second wavelength division multiplexer (7); the signal output end of the second wavelength division multiplexer (7) is welded with an output end cap (9);
the first pump source (4) is welded with the pump end of the first wavelength division multiplexer (5); the second pump source (8) is welded with the pump end of the second wavelength division multiplexer (8);
the pump beam combiner (3) combines double-collimation signal lasers generated by the first signal source (1) and the second signal source (2) and then injects the combined laser into the gain optical fiber (6) through the signal injection end of the first wavelength division multiplexer (5) to form double-cascade signal seed light; forward pump light and backward pump light generated by a first pump source (4) and a second pump source (8) are respectively injected into a gain fiber (6) through pump arms of a first wavelength division multiplexer (5) and a second wavelength division multiplexer (7) to form bidirectional pump light, double-collimation signal lasers of 1.6 mu m and 2.8 mu m are amplified in a cascade mode, and high-power fiber lasers amplified in a 2.8 mu m wave band are output by an output end cap end (9).
2. The high power 2.8 μm mid-infrared fiber laser amplifier of claim 1, wherein:
the first signal source (1) is an Er-doped quartz fiber laser, the output wavelength is 1.6 microns, and the output power is 0-20W.
3. The high power 2.8 μm mid-infrared fiber laser amplifier of claim 2, wherein:
the second signal source (2) is an Er-doped fluoride fiber laser, the output wavelength is 1.6 mu m, and the output power is 0-20W.
4. The high power 2.8 μm mid-infrared fiber laser amplifier of claim 3, wherein:
the first pumping source (4) and the second pumping source (8) are both semiconductor pumping lasers, the output wavelength is 981nm, and the output power is 0-200W.
5. The high power 2.8 μm mid-infrared fiber laser amplifier according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that:
the gain fiber (6) is an Er-doped fluoride (ZBLAN) fiber, and the doping concentration is 70000 ppm;
the gain optical fiber (6) comprises a core layer and a cladding layer, wherein the inner cladding layer is of a double D-shaped structure, and the diameters of the core, the inner cladding layer and the outer cladding layer are respectively 15, 240 x 260 and 290 mu m.
6. The high power 2.8 μm mid-infrared fiber laser amplifier of claim 5, wherein:
the output end cap (9) is fluoride single crystal, and two ends of the output end cap are plated with high-transmittance films with 2.8 mu m wave bands.
7. The high power 2.8 μm mid-infrared fiber laser amplifier of claim 6, wherein:
the working wave band of the pump beam combiner (3) is 1.5-3 mu m; the working wavelength of the first wavelength division multiplexer (5) and the working wavelength of the second wavelength division multiplexer (8) are 981/1600&2800nm, and the insertion loss is less than 0.5 dB.
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