CN113285335B - Mixed gain semi-open cavity structure 2um optical fiber random laser - Google Patents

Mixed gain semi-open cavity structure 2um optical fiber random laser Download PDF

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CN113285335B
CN113285335B CN202110549734.5A CN202110549734A CN113285335B CN 113285335 B CN113285335 B CN 113285335B CN 202110549734 A CN202110549734 A CN 202110549734A CN 113285335 B CN113285335 B CN 113285335B
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赵旭
曾伯谷
魏坤瑞
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Shenzhen Mingchuang Photoelectric Co ltd
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    • H01S3/302Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range using scattering effects, e.g. stimulated Brillouin or Raman effects in an optical fibre

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种混合增益半开腔结构2um光纤随机激光器,包括泵浦光源、波分复用器、掺磷光纤、掺铥光纤,1566nm激光同时泵浦无源掺磷光纤和有源掺铥光纤,充分利用掺磷光纤五氧化二磷拉曼增益峰(1320cm‑1)与掺铥光纤增益峰重合的特点,在2微米波段获得受激拉曼散射增益和有源光纤增益,在分布式瑞利散射半开放腔结构中产生2微米波段光纤随机激光,解决2微米波段光信号在长距离无源光纤传输中的较大损耗,获得半开放腔结构中的光纤随机激光,该激光具有极低的噪声特性,为中红外波段光纤激光器的优化及性能提升提供了全新思路,并拓展光纤随机激光器的发射波长至中红外波段,具有重要应用价值。

Figure 202110549734

The invention discloses a 2um fiber random laser with a mixed gain half-open cavity structure, comprising a pumping light source, a wavelength division multiplexer, a phosphorus-doped fiber, and a thulium-doped fiber, and a 1566 nm laser simultaneously pumps a passive phosphorus-doped fiber and an active thulium-doped fiber Fiber, taking full advantage of the fact that the Raman gain peak of phosphorus pentoxide (1320cm-1) of phosphorus-doped fiber coincides with the gain peak of thulium-doped fiber to obtain stimulated Raman scattering gain and active fiber gain in the 2-micron waveband. Rayleigh scattering semi-open cavity structure generates random fiber laser in 2-micron waveband, which solves the large loss of 2-micron waveband optical signal in long-distance passive optical fiber transmission, and obtains optical fiber random laser in semi-open cavity structure. The low noise characteristics provide a new idea for the optimization and performance improvement of fiber lasers in the mid-infrared band, and expand the emission wavelength of random fiber lasers to the mid-infrared band, which has important application value.

Figure 202110549734

Description

一种混合增益半开腔结构2um光纤随机激光器A 2um fiber random laser with hybrid gain half-open cavity structure

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及光纤激光器技术领域,尤其涉及一种混合增益半开腔结构2um光纤随机激光器。The invention relates to the technical field of fiber lasers, in particular to a 2um fiber random laser with a hybrid gain half-open cavity structure.

背景技术Background technique

中红外光纤激光器在医学、国防、通信及工业等领域具有重要应用需求,受到广泛研究和关注。近年来,基于开放腔结构的光纤随机激光器由于结构简单、易于实现高功率/高效率激射、极低的噪声特性等优势,有望在成像、通信等领域广泛应用。由于光纤随机激光器的产生依赖长距离光纤累积的分布式瑞利散射反馈,而中红外光纤在硅基光纤中极大的传输损耗,阻碍了该类型激光在中红外波段的实现。Mid-infrared fiber lasers have important application requirements in the fields of medicine, national defense, communication and industry, and have received extensive research and attention. In recent years, fiber random lasers based on open-cavity structures are expected to be widely used in imaging, communications and other fields due to their simple structure, easy realization of high-power/high-efficiency lasing, and extremely low noise characteristics. The generation of fiber random lasers relies on the distributed Rayleigh scattering feedback accumulated by long-distance fibers, and the great transmission loss of mid-infrared fibers in silicon-based fibers hinders the realization of this type of laser in the mid-infrared band.

根据上述,本专利提供了一种采用混合增益半开放结构,充分利用掺磷光纤大拉曼频移和掺铥光纤具有共同的吸收和发射波段,采用1566nm泵浦激光在掺磷光纤中受激拉曼散射和掺铥光纤中有源增益,在2um波段获得共同增益,解决2微米波段光信号在长距离无源光纤传输中的较大损耗,获得半开放腔结构中的光纤随机激光,该激光具有极低的噪声特性,为中红外波段光纤激光器的优化及性能提升提供了全新思路,并拓展光纤随机激光器的发射波长至中红外波段,具有重要应用价值。According to the above, the present patent provides a semi-open structure using a mixed gain, making full use of the large Raman frequency shift of the phosphorus-doped fiber and the common absorption and emission bands of the thulium-doped fiber, and using a 1566 nm pump laser to stimulate the phosphorus-doped fiber. Raman scattering and active gain in thulium-doped fiber, common gain in 2um band, solving the large loss of 2-micron band optical signal in long-distance passive fiber transmission, and obtaining fiber random laser in semi-open cavity structure, the The laser has extremely low noise characteristics, which provides a new idea for the optimization and performance improvement of fiber lasers in the mid-infrared band, and expands the emission wavelength of random fiber lasers to the mid-infrared band, which has important application value.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明所要解决的技术问题在于:提供一种新型的工作波长在2微米附近的分布反馈式随机光纤激光器结构,以提高光光转化效率和输出功率。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a novel distributed feedback random fiber laser structure with a working wavelength around 2 microns, so as to improve the light-to-optical conversion efficiency and output power.

为解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案是:一种混合增益半开腔结构2um光纤随机激光器,所述工作波长在2微米附近的随机光纤激光器包括:In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme of the present invention is: a hybrid gain half-open cavity structure 2um fiber random laser, and the random fiber laser with the operating wavelength around 2 microns includes:

泵浦光源:用于产生泵浦光;由1566nm HR FBG,976nm LD,合束器,掺铒光纤,1566nm LR FBG组成;Pump light source: used to generate pump light; it consists of 1566nm HR FBG, 976nm LD, beam combiner, erbium-doped fiber, and 1566nm LR FBG;

1566nm HR FBG,对1566nm光反射回激光器腔内,避免生成的1566nm光溢出激光腔内,降低激光器输出;1566nm HR FBG, which reflects the 1566nm light back into the laser cavity to prevent the generated 1566nm light from overflowing into the laser cavity and reduce the laser output;

976nmLD,用于产生976nm光;976nmLD, used to generate 976nm light;

合束器,将1566nm HR FBG的反射光和976nm LD产生的光耦合到光纤;A beam combiner that couples the reflected light of the 1566nm HR FBG and the light generated by the 976nm LD to the fiber;

掺铒光纤,吸收976nm LD泵浦光源泵浦的976nm激光,进行有源增益放大,产生1566nm的激光;Erbium-doped fiber absorbs 976nm laser pumped by 976nm LD pump light source, performs active gain amplification, and generates 1566nm laser light;

1566nm LR FBG,对经过掺铒光纤后的残余的976nm泵浦光经行高反回掺铒光纤,继续参与有源增益放大,对经过掺铒光纤后有源增益放大产生的1566nm的光进行透过,让1566nm的激光从激光器中输出;1566nm LR FBG, the residual 976nm pump light after passing through the erbium-doped fiber passes through the high-return erbium-doped fiber, and continues to participate in active gain amplification, and transmits the 1566nm light generated by the active gain amplification after passing through the erbium-doped fiber. Then, let the 1566nm laser output from the laser;

波分复用器,所述波分复用器的1560端与1566nm LR FBG相连;A wavelength division multiplexer, the 1560 end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected to the 1566nm LR FBG;

与所述波分复用器com端相连的掺磷光纤和掺铥光纤,所述波分复用器将所述泵浦光耦合到所述有源光纤,所述有源光纤对泵浦光源产生的激光进行增益放大;所述有源光纤尾部写入的的1974nm FBG将1974nm光反射到波分复用器1950端输出;Phosphorus-doped fiber and thulium-doped fiber connected to the com end of the wavelength division multiplexer, the wavelength division multiplexer couples the pump light to the active fiber, and the active fiber couples the pump light source The generated laser is subjected to gain amplification; the 1974nm FBG written at the tail of the active fiber reflects the 1974nm light to the 1950 end of the wavelength division multiplexer for output;

进一步,所述泵浦光的波长为1566nm。Further, the wavelength of the pump light is 1566 nm.

进一步,所述光纤端口切斜角,防止断面反馈。Further, the optical fiber port is chamfered to prevent section feedback.

进一步,所述掺磷光纤长度为500m,所述掺铥光纤长度为3m。Further, the length of the phosphorus-doped fiber is 500m, and the length of the thulium-doped fiber is 3m.

进一步,所述HR FBG的反射率大于90%,所述LR FBG的反射率小于10%。.Further, the reflectivity of the HR FBG is greater than 90%, and the reflectivity of the LR FBG is less than 10%. .

与现有技术相比,该一种混合增益半开腔结构2um光纤随机激光器,具有结构的优势是利用1566nm的泵浦,既能利用掺磷光纤的一阶受激拉曼散射增益,也能利用掺铥光纤的有源增益,一个泵浦同时增益两个非线性过程,且产生的波长是重叠的,能够有效提高光转化效率和输出功率。Compared with the prior art, the hybrid gain semi-open cavity structure 2um fiber random laser has the structural advantage of using 1566nm pumping, which can not only use the first-order stimulated Raman scattering gain of the phosphorus-doped fiber, but also use the The active gain of thulium-doped fiber, one pump simultaneously gains two nonlinear processes, and the generated wavelengths are overlapping, which can effectively improve the light conversion efficiency and output power.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是一种混合增益半开腔结构2um光纤随机激光器的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 2um fiber random laser with a hybrid gain half-open cavity structure.

泵浦光源1、波分复用器2、掺磷光纤3、掺铥光纤4。Pump light source 1, wavelength division multiplexer 2, phosphorus-doped fiber 3, thulium-doped fiber 4.

如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明。The following specific embodiments will be further described with reference to the above drawings.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

在下文中,阐述了多种特定细节,以便提供对构成所描述实施例基础的概念的透彻理解,然而,对本领域的技术人员来说,很显然所描述的实施例可以在没有这些特定细节中的一些或者全部的情况下来实践,在其他情况下,没有具体描述众所周知的处理步骤。In the following, various specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the concepts underlying the described embodiments, however, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the described embodiments may be described without these specific details In some or all cases, well-known processing steps are not described in detail.

在发明的描述中,需要理解的是,术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对发明的限制。In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "" etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, a specific orientation, and a specific orientation. The orientation configuration and operation are therefore not to be construed as limitations on the invention.

如图1所示,一种混合增益半开腔结构2um光纤随机激光器,分布式反馈随机光纤激光器包括泵浦光源1、波分复用器2、掺磷光纤3、掺铥光纤4。As shown in Figure 1, a hybrid gain half-open cavity structure 2um fiber random laser, the distributed feedback random fiber laser includes a pump light source 1, a wavelength division multiplexer 2, a phosphorus-doped fiber 3, and a thulium-doped fiber 4.

在一个实施例中,泵浦光源1产生泵浦光,所述泵浦光源产生的泵浦光是1566nm。In one embodiment, the pump light source 1 generates pump light that is 1566 nm.

在一个实施例中,波分复用器(WDM)2包括1560端、1950端、com端。其中1560端和1950端位于波分复用器2的同一面,com端位于波分复用器2的另一面。波分复用器2的1560端与泵浦光源1相连接。In one embodiment, the wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 2 includes a 1560 end, a 1950 end, and a com end. The 1560 end and the 1950 end are located on the same side of the wavelength division multiplexer 2, and the com end is located on the other side of the wavelength division multiplexer 2. The 1560 end of the wavelength division multiplexer 2 is connected to the pump light source 1 .

在一个实施例中,掺磷光纤3可以是不同磷离子掺杂浓度的单模光纤,掺磷光纤的长度为500米。掺磷光纤3与波分复用器2的com端相连接,波分复用器2将泵浦光源1产生的泵浦光耦合到掺磷光纤3。掺磷光纤3对泵浦光源1产生的泵浦光进行由于受激拉曼散射效应产生的拉曼增益放大。In one embodiment, the phosphorus-doped fiber 3 may be a single-mode fiber with different phosphorus ion doping concentrations, and the length of the phosphorus-doped fiber is 500 meters. The phosphorus-doped fiber 3 is connected to the com end of the wavelength division multiplexer 2 , and the wavelength division multiplexer 2 couples the pump light generated by the pump light source 1 to the phosphorus-doped fiber 3 . The phosphorous-doped fiber 3 amplifies the Raman gain generated by the stimulated Raman scattering effect on the pump light generated by the pump light source 1 .

在一个实施例中,掺铥光纤4的长度为3米。通过500米掺磷光纤3后残余的1566nm泵浦光通过掺铥光纤4,由于铥离子的有源增益放大,会产生1974nm的受激辐射激光。In one embodiment, the length of the thulium-doped fiber 4 is 3 meters. The residual 1566 nm pump light after passing through the 500-meter phosphorous-doped fiber 3 passes through the thulium-doped fiber 4. Due to the active gain amplification of thulium ions, a 1974 nm stimulated emission laser will be generated.

在一个实施例中,掺铥光纤4的尾端写入了一个反射率大于90%的高反光纤布拉格光栅,高反光纤布拉格光栅对通过500米单模掺磷光纤3中由于瑞利散射反馈和受激拉曼增益放大产生的1974nm分布反馈式随机激光和对通过3米掺铥光纤4中由于粒子数反转进行增益放大的1974nm受激辐射激光进行几乎全部反射,反射进入到所掺铥光纤4和掺磷光纤3,进一步放大所需要的随机激光。所述高反射率光纤布拉格光栅由于单模掺磷光纤3产生的后向瑞利散射会产生多次反射,极大地提高增益。In one embodiment, a high-reflection fiber Bragg grating with a reflectivity greater than 90% is written at the tail end of the thulium-doped fiber 4, and the high-reflection fiber Bragg grating pair passes through the 500-meter single-mode phosphorus-doped fiber 3 due to Rayleigh scattering feedback And the 1974nm distributed feedback random laser generated by stimulated Raman gain amplification and the 1974nm stimulated radiation laser that is amplified by the gain amplification in the 3m thulium-doped fiber 4 due to the population inversion are almost completely reflected, and the reflection enters the thulium-doped fiber. Fiber 4 and phosphorus-doped fiber 3 further amplify the required random laser. The high-reflection fiber Bragg grating will generate multiple reflections due to the backward Rayleigh scattering generated by the single-mode phosphorus-doped fiber 3, which greatly improves the gain.

具体地讲,泵浦光源1发出的1566nm泵浦光,该泵浦光通过波分复用器2和单模掺磷光纤3,500米单模掺磷光纤由于光纤纤芯折射率的不均匀分布性所引起的的瑞利散射提供随机分布反馈,微弱的瑞利散射经过500米的距离不断积累,大大提高随机分布反馈;同时单模掺磷光纤提供受激拉曼增益放大对泵浦光进行增益放大,当泵浦光源功率超过激射阈值时,且光纤中获得的增益大于损耗,就可以获得稳定的的工作波长在1974nm的分布反馈式随机激光。通过500米掺磷光纤后残余的1566nm泵浦光通过掺铥光纤4,由于铥离子的有源增益放大,会产生1974nm的受激辐射激光,这样就可以最大程度的利用泵浦光源1产生的泵浦光,提供足够的增益,形成1974nm分布反馈式随机激光的输出。通过掺磷光纤3形成的1974nm的分布反馈式随机激光和经过掺铥光纤4形成的1974nm的受激辐射激光通过掺铥光纤4尾端写入的一个反射率大于90%的高反光纤布拉格光栅,被高反光纤布拉格光栅几乎全部反射,反射进入到所掺铥光纤4和掺磷光纤3,进一步放大所需要的随机激光。所述高反射率光纤布拉格光栅由于单模掺磷光纤3产生的后向瑞利散射会产生多次反射,极大地提高增益。最后经过多次放大的1974nm分布反馈式随机激光和1974nm受激辐射激光又从波分复用器2的com端反馈回波分复用器2,波分复用器2将1974nm的反馈光从1950端输出。Specifically, the 1566 nm pump light emitted by the pump light source 1 passes through the wavelength division multiplexer 2 and the single-mode phosphorus-doped fiber 3, and the 500-meter single-mode phosphorus-doped fiber is due to the uneven refractive index of the fiber core. The Rayleigh scattering caused by the distribution provides random distributed feedback. The weak Rayleigh scattering accumulates continuously over a distance of 500 meters, which greatly improves the random distributed feedback. At the same time, the single-mode phosphorus-doped fiber provides stimulated Raman gain amplification for pump light. For gain amplification, when the power of the pump light source exceeds the lasing threshold and the gain obtained in the fiber is greater than the loss, a stable distributed feedback random laser with a working wavelength of 1974 nm can be obtained. The residual 1566 nm pump light after passing through the 500-meter phosphorous-doped fiber passes through the thulium-doped fiber 4. Due to the active gain amplification of the thulium ions, a 1974 nm stimulated radiation laser will be generated, so that the pump light source 1 can be used to the greatest extent. The pump light provides enough gain to form the output of a 1974nm distributed feedback random laser. A 1974 nm distributed feedback random laser formed by phosphorus-doped fiber 3 and a 1974 nm stimulated radiation laser formed by thulium-doped fiber 4 are written through the tail end of thulium-doped fiber 4. A high-reflection fiber Bragg grating with a reflectivity greater than 90% , is almost completely reflected by the high-reflection fiber Bragg grating, and is reflected into the thulium-doped fiber 4 and the phosphorus-doped fiber 3 to further amplify the required random laser light. The high-reflection fiber Bragg grating will generate multiple reflections due to the backward Rayleigh scattering generated by the single-mode phosphorus-doped fiber 3, which greatly improves the gain. Finally, the 1974nm distributed feedback random laser and 1974nm stimulated radiation laser that have been amplified many times are fed back to the com port of the wavelength division multiplexer 2 to the wavelength division multiplexer 2, and the wavelength division multiplexer 2 converts the 1974nm feedback light from the 1950 terminal output.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a 2um optic fibre random laser of mixed gain semi-open cavity structure which characterized in that distributed feedback optic fibre random laser includes:
the pump light source is used for generating 1566nm pump laser, 1566nm simultaneously corresponds to the pump absorption wavelength of the thulium-doped optical fiber, and has the pump wavelength of 1320cm-1 Raman frequency shift phosphorus-doped optical fiber at a 2-micron waveband, so that the pump light source can simultaneously provide stimulated Raman scattering gain for the phosphorus-doped optical fiber, provide active gain for the thulium-doped optical fiber, and realize the mixed gain of the 2-micron waveband;
the first end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the pumping light source; the second end of the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the output port;
the wavelength division multiplexer is used for coupling the pump light generated by the pump light source to the phosphorus-doped optical fiber, and the phosphorus-doped optical fiber is used for amplifying Raman gain generated by a stimulated Raman scattering effect on the pump light;
the thulium-doped optical fiber is connected with the other end of the phosphorus-doped optical fiber and is used for carrying out active gain amplification on residual pump light after passing through the phosphorus-doped optical fiber;
and the high-reflectivity optical fiber Bragg grating connected with the other end of the thulium-doped optical fiber selects and determines the laser wavelength of 2-micron waveband, and forms a semi-open cavity structure together with distributed Rayleigh scattering in the phosphorus-doped optical fiber.
2. The 2um fiber random laser with the hybrid gain semi-open cavity structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pump light source wavelength and the high reflectivity fiber bragg grating wavelength correspond to the raman frequency shift of the phosphorus doped fiber in 1320cm "1, and correspond to the absorption and gain bands of the thulium doped fiber, respectively.
3. The 2um optical fiber random laser with the hybrid gain semi-open cavity structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fiber tail end in the structure is a bevel fiber, so as to avoid generating end face feedback, and ensure that the feedback of the cavity is provided only by a point-type high-reflectivity fiber bragg grating and distributed rayleigh scattering, so as to satisfy the characteristics of random laser open cavity and no resonance, and ensure that the generated laser has the characteristics of no longitudinal mode structure and low noise.
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