CN114350171A - 一种全降解塑料膜及其生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种全降解塑料膜及其生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及可降解塑料的技术领域,特别是涉及一种全降解塑料膜及其生产工艺,该全降解塑料膜可以提高抗拉伸强度、着色性能和热稳定性,并且有效缩短降解时间,降低处理周期,包括以下重量份数的原料:生物降解塑料30~50份;植物纤维填料25~40份;热塑性淀粉5~10份;无机矿粉2~5份;光降解剂1~2份;热稳定剂1~2份;多孔陶瓷3~5份;润滑剂0.5~1份,其生产工艺包括:S1、物料混合;S2、挤出造粒;S3、吹塑成型;S4、涂胶;S5、复合;S6、干燥收卷。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及可降解塑料的技术领域,特别是涉及一种全降解塑料膜及其生产工艺。
背景技术
塑料因其质量轻、强度高、化学性能稳定及廉价等优点而在许多领域广泛发展。塑料工业发展很快,而用过的塑料尚没有妥善的处理方法,塑料就垃圾就对自然环境带来严重的污染。非降解塑料大多是由低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)和线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)其次是高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚苯乙烯(PS)和聚氯乙烯(PVC)研制生成的。而这些塑料一般都最终作为固体废料处理掉,致使在空气中形成酸雨等污染物,对我们的生活造成危害,传统的塑料制品一般为石油提炼品,在废弃后很难降解,很大程度上对环境造成了污染,因此,研发了一种添加了降解成分的塑料,但是其余部分仍旧难以降解,当全部采用可降解成分制备塑料时,由于原料的局限性,生产出的塑料的性能与原有的塑料对比,抗拉伸强度、着色性能、热稳定性等各种性能均较差,并且其在降解过程中,仍需要六个月至一年的时间,从而导致其处理周期仍旧较长。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的一个目的在于提供一种可以提高抗拉伸强度、着色性能和热稳定性,并且有效缩短降解时间,降低处理周期的全降解塑料膜;
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种抗拉伸强度、着色性能和热稳定性较高,并且处理周期短的全降解塑料膜的生产工艺。
本发明的一种全降解塑料膜,包括以下重量份数的原料:
具体的,所述生物降解塑料包括PLA和PBAT,其中各原料的添加份数分别为:
PLA 20~30份;
PBAT 10~20份。
具体的,所述植物纤维填料为树枝和秸秆粉末的混合物,其中树枝粉末和秸秆粉末的添加份数分别为:
树枝粉末 20~30份;
秸秆粉末 5~10份。
具体的,所述无机矿粉为纳米二氧化硅、轻质碳酸钙、超细电气石粉中的一种或多种。
具体的,所述热稳定剂为甘油锌、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸镁中的一种或多种的混合物。
具体的,所述润滑剂为硬脂酸、甘油、硅油中的一种或多种的混合物。
本发明的一种全降解塑料膜的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、物料混合:首先将生物降解塑料加入至混合机中,混合搅拌,并依次加入植物纤维填料、热塑性淀粉、无机矿粉、光降解剂、热稳定剂、多孔陶瓷和润滑剂,并加热使其融合;
S2、挤出造粒:将加热融合后的物料进行挤出造粒,并根据不同的物料添加量,分别得到外层母粒和内层母粒;
S3、吹塑成型:将外层母粒和内层母粒分别加入至不同的吹塑机中,并通过吹塑机将其分别吹塑成型,得到外层塑料膜和内层塑料膜;
S4、涂胶:通过涂胶机在内层塑料膜上下两表面均匀涂覆PVA水溶液,并通过烘箱干燥后收卷备用;
S5、复合:将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合至内层塑料膜上下两表面上,并输送经过复合辊,在复合辊的加热下使PVA涂层熔融,在冷却后将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合在内层塑料膜两表面上,得到全降解塑料膜;
S6、干燥收卷:将复合后的全降解塑料膜经过烘箱再次干燥处理后,收卷得到塑料膜卷轴,方便进行存放。
具体的,所述外层母粒中包括生物降解塑料(PLA和PBAT)、植物纤维填料、热塑性淀粉、无机矿粉、光降解剂、热稳定剂、多孔陶瓷和润滑剂,所述内层母粒中包括PLA、热塑性淀粉、光降解剂、热稳定剂和润滑剂。
具体的,所述PVA水溶液的浓度为25~30%,并且PVA水溶液的温度为80~90℃。
具体的,所述烘箱的烘干温度为110~125℃,降低PVA水溶液中的水分含量,使PVA紧密的结合于内层塑料膜和外层塑料膜之间。
与现有技术相比本发明的有益效果为:本申请的全降解塑料膜,由传统的一层改为三层复合而成,通过PVA水溶液提高层与层之间的粘结稳定性,通过添加了树枝、秸秆粉末组成的植物纤维填料,可以提高其天然成分含量,不仅可以提高其后期降解的速度,还可以改善PLA和PBAT的机械性能,提高其抗拉伸强度,并且容易染色,着色性能良好,并且由于其中添加了多孔陶瓷、热稳定剂以及热塑性淀粉,可以有效的提高其热稳定性,从而可以达到缩短降解时间的目的,降低处理周期,本申请的全降解塑料膜,具有天然的抗静电性,在自然环境下,配合光照,可以在15-30天内完全降解,并且不会造成对环境的污染。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
本发明的一种全降解塑料膜,所采用的原料为外层母粒、内层母粒和PVA水溶液,其中外层母粒包括:
内层母粒包括:
PVA水溶液的浓度为25~30%,并且PVA水溶液的温度为80~90℃。
本发明的一种全降解塑料膜的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、物料混合:首先将生物降解塑料加入至混合机中,混合搅拌,并依次加入植物纤维填料、热塑性淀粉、无机矿粉、光降解剂、热稳定剂、多孔陶瓷和润滑剂,并加热使其融合;
S2、挤出造粒:将加热融合后的物料进行挤出造粒,并根据不同的物料添加量,分别得到外层母粒和内层母粒;
S3、吹塑成型:将外层母粒和内层母粒分别加入至不同的吹塑机中,并通过吹塑机将其分别吹塑成型,得到外层塑料膜和内层塑料膜;
S4、涂胶:通过涂胶机在内层塑料膜上下两表面均匀涂覆PVA水溶液,并通过烘箱干燥后收卷备用,烘干温度为110~125℃;
S5、复合:将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合至内层塑料膜上下两表面上,并输送经过复合辊,在复合辊的加热下使PVA涂层熔融,在冷却后将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合在内层塑料膜两表面上,得到全降解塑料膜;
S6、干燥收卷:将复合后的全降解塑料膜经过烘箱再次干燥处理后,烘干温度为110~125℃,用于降低PVA水溶液中的水分含量,使PVA紧密的结合于内层塑料膜和外层塑料膜之间,最后将干燥后冷却的全降解塑料膜收卷得到塑料膜卷轴,方便进行存放。
实施例2
本发明的一种全降解塑料膜,所采用的原料为外层母粒、内层母粒和PVA水溶液,其中外层母粒包括:
内层母粒包括:
PVA水溶液的浓度为25~30%,并且PVA水溶液的温度为80~90℃。
本发明的一种全降解塑料膜的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、物料混合:首先将生物降解塑料加入至混合机中,混合搅拌,并依次加入植物纤维填料、热塑性淀粉、无机矿粉、光降解剂、热稳定剂、多孔陶瓷和润滑剂,并加热使其融合;
S2、挤出造粒:将加热融合后的物料进行挤出造粒,并根据不同的物料添加量,分别得到外层母粒和内层母粒;
S3、吹塑成型:将外层母粒和内层母粒分别加入至不同的吹塑机中,并通过吹塑机将其分别吹塑成型,得到外层塑料膜和内层塑料膜;
S4、涂胶:通过涂胶机在内层塑料膜上下两表面均匀涂覆PVA水溶液,并通过烘箱干燥后收卷备用,烘干温度为110~125℃;
S5、复合:将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合至内层塑料膜上下两表面上,并输送经过复合辊,在复合辊的加热下使PVA涂层熔融,在冷却后将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合在内层塑料膜两表面上,得到全降解塑料膜;
S6、干燥收卷:将复合后的全降解塑料膜经过烘箱再次干燥处理后,烘干温度为110~125℃,用于降低PVA水溶液中的水分含量,使PVA紧密的结合于内层塑料膜和外层塑料膜之间,最后将干燥后冷却的全降解塑料膜收卷得到塑料膜卷轴,方便进行存放。
实施例3
本发明的一种全降解塑料膜,所采用的原料为外层母粒、内层母粒和PVA水溶液,其中外层母粒包括:
内层母粒包括:
PVA水溶液的浓度为25~30%,并且PVA水溶液的温度为80~90℃。
本发明的一种全降解塑料膜的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、物料混合:首先将生物降解塑料加入至混合机中,混合搅拌,并依次加入植物纤维填料、热塑性淀粉、无机矿粉、光降解剂、热稳定剂、多孔陶瓷和润滑剂,并加热使其融合;
S2、挤出造粒:将加热融合后的物料进行挤出造粒,并根据不同的物料添加量,分别得到外层母粒和内层母粒;
S3、吹塑成型:将外层母粒和内层母粒分别加入至不同的吹塑机中,并通过吹塑机将其分别吹塑成型,得到外层塑料膜和内层塑料膜;
S4、涂胶:通过涂胶机在内层塑料膜上下两表面均匀涂覆PVA水溶液,并通过烘箱干燥后收卷备用,烘干温度为110~125℃;
S5、复合:将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合至内层塑料膜上下两表面上,并输送经过复合辊,在复合辊的加热下使PVA涂层熔融,在冷却后将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合在内层塑料膜两表面上,得到全降解塑料膜;
S6、干燥收卷:将复合后的全降解塑料膜经过烘箱再次干燥处理后,烘干温度为110~125℃,用于降低PVA水溶液中的水分含量,使PVA紧密的结合于内层塑料膜和外层塑料膜之间,最后将干燥后冷却的全降解塑料膜收卷得到塑料膜卷轴,方便进行存放。
实施例4
本发明的一种全降解塑料膜,所采用的原料为外层母粒、内层母粒和PVA水溶液,其中外层母粒包括:
内层母粒包括:
PVA水溶液的浓度为25~30%,并且PVA水溶液的温度为80~90℃。
本发明的一种全降解塑料膜的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、物料混合:首先将生物降解塑料加入至混合机中,混合搅拌,并依次加入植物纤维填料、热塑性淀粉、无机矿粉、光降解剂、热稳定剂、多孔陶瓷和润滑剂,并加热使其融合;
S2、挤出造粒:将加热融合后的物料进行挤出造粒,并根据不同的物料添加量,分别得到外层母粒和内层母粒;
S3、吹塑成型:将外层母粒和内层母粒分别加入至不同的吹塑机中,并通过吹塑机将其分别吹塑成型,得到外层塑料膜和内层塑料膜;
S4、涂胶:通过涂胶机在内层塑料膜上下两表面均匀涂覆PVA水溶液,并通过烘箱干燥后收卷备用,烘干温度为110~125℃;
S5、复合:将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合至内层塑料膜上下两表面上,并输送经过复合辊,在复合辊的加热下使PVA涂层熔融,在冷却后将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合在内层塑料膜两表面上,得到全降解塑料膜;
S6、干燥收卷:将复合后的全降解塑料膜经过烘箱再次干燥处理后,烘干温度为110~125℃,用于降低PVA水溶液中的水分含量,使PVA紧密的结合于内层塑料膜和外层塑料膜之间,最后将干燥后冷却的全降解塑料膜收卷得到塑料膜卷轴,方便进行存放。
实施例5
本发明的一种全降解塑料膜,所采用的原料为外层母粒、内层母粒和PVA水溶液,其中外层母粒包括:
内层母粒包括:
PVA水溶液的浓度为25~30%,并且PVA水溶液的温度为80~90℃。
本发明的一种全降解塑料膜的生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1、物料混合:首先将生物降解塑料加入至混合机中,混合搅拌,并依次加入植物纤维填料、热塑性淀粉、无机矿粉、光降解剂、热稳定剂、多孔陶瓷和润滑剂,并加热使其融合;
S2、挤出造粒:将加热融合后的物料进行挤出造粒,并根据不同的物料添加量,分别得到外层母粒和内层母粒;
S3、吹塑成型:将外层母粒和内层母粒分别加入至不同的吹塑机中,并通过吹塑机将其分别吹塑成型,得到外层塑料膜和内层塑料膜;
S4、涂胶:通过涂胶机在内层塑料膜上下两表面均匀涂覆PVA水溶液,并通过烘箱干燥后收卷备用,烘干温度为110~125℃;
S5、复合:将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合至内层塑料膜上下两表面上,并输送经过复合辊,在复合辊的加热下使PVA涂层熔融,在冷却后将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合在内层塑料膜两表面上,得到全降解塑料膜;
S6、干燥收卷:将复合后的全降解塑料膜经过烘箱再次干燥处理后,烘干温度为110~125℃,用于降低PVA水溶液中的水分含量,使PVA紧密的结合于内层塑料膜和外层塑料膜之间,最后将干燥后冷却的全降解塑料膜收卷得到塑料膜卷轴,方便进行存放。
以上实施例制备出的全降解塑料膜在生产时,可以根据不同的使用需求加入不同的色素,着色性能良好,并将以上实施例制备出的全降解塑料膜与现有的降解塑料膜和传统的不可降解塑料膜进行对比,得到以下试验数据:
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变型,这些改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
2.如权利要求1所述的一种全降解塑料膜,其特征在于,所述生物降解塑料包括PLA和PBAT,其中各原料的添加份数分别为:
PLA 20~30份;
PBAT 10~20份。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种全降解塑料膜,其特征在于,所述植物纤维填料为树枝和秸秆粉末的混合物,其中树枝粉末和秸秆粉末的添加份数分别为:
树枝粉末 20~30份;
秸秆粉末 5~10份。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种全降解塑料膜,其特征在于,所述无机矿粉为纳米二氧化硅、轻质碳酸钙、超细电气石粉中的一种或多种。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种全降解塑料膜,其特征在于,所述热稳定剂为甘油锌、硬脂酸锌、硬脂酸镁中的一种或多种的混合物。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种全降解塑料膜,其特征在于,所述润滑剂为硬脂酸、甘油、硅油中的一种或多种的混合物。
7.生产如权利要求1-6任意一项所述的一种全降解塑料膜的工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、物料混合:首先将生物降解塑料加入至混合机中,混合搅拌,并依次加入植物纤维填料、热塑性淀粉、无机矿粉、光降解剂、热稳定剂、多孔陶瓷和润滑剂,并加热使其融合;
S2、挤出造粒:将加热融合后的物料进行挤出造粒,并根据不同的物料添加量,分别得到外层母粒和内层母粒;
S3、吹塑成型:将外层母粒和内层母粒分别加入至不同的吹塑机中,并通过吹塑机将其分别吹塑成型,得到外层塑料膜和内层塑料膜;
S4、涂胶:通过涂胶机在内层塑料膜上下两表面均匀涂覆PVA水溶液,并通过烘箱干燥后收卷备用;
S5、复合:将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合至内层塑料膜上下两表面上,并输送经过复合辊,在复合辊的加热下使PVA涂层熔融,在冷却后将两层外层塑料膜分别贴合在内层塑料膜两表面上,得到全降解塑料膜;
S6、干燥收卷:将复合后的全降解塑料膜经过烘箱再次干燥处理后,收卷得到塑料膜卷轴,方便进行存放。
8.如权利要求7所述的一种全降解塑料膜生产工艺,其特征在于,所述外层母粒中包括生物降解塑料(PLA和PBAT)、植物纤维填料、热塑性淀粉、无机矿粉、光降解剂、热稳定剂、多孔陶瓷和润滑剂,所述内层母粒中包括PLA、热塑性淀粉、光降解剂、热稳定剂和润滑剂。
9.如权利要求7所述的一种全降解塑料膜生产工艺,其特征在于,所述PVA水溶液的浓度为25~30%,并且PVA水溶液的温度为80~90℃。
10.如权利要求7所述的一种全降解塑料膜生产工艺,其特征在于,所述烘箱的烘干温度为110~125℃,降低PVA水溶液中的水分含量,使PVA紧密的结合于内层塑料膜和外层塑料膜之间。
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CN115302931A (zh) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-11-08 | 内蒙古大汗青洲环保科技有限公司 | 一种降解pbat改性材料 |
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