CN114349473A - Preparation method of environment-friendly functional ceramic - Google Patents
Preparation method of environment-friendly functional ceramic Download PDFInfo
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- CN114349473A CN114349473A CN202210067167.4A CN202210067167A CN114349473A CN 114349473 A CN114349473 A CN 114349473A CN 202210067167 A CN202210067167 A CN 202210067167A CN 114349473 A CN114349473 A CN 114349473A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052875 vesuvianite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000604 Polyethylene Glycol 200 Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000088 plastic resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
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- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
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- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3436—Alkaline earth metal silicates, e.g. barium silicate
- C04B2235/3454—Calcium silicates, e.g. wollastonite
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/447—Phosphates or phosphites, e.g. orthophosphate, hypophosphite
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- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of environment-friendly functional ceramic, which belongs to the technical field of ceramic and comprises a raw material A and a raw material B, wherein the raw material A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of ceramic waste, 4-10 parts of alumina, 15-20 parts of vesuvianite, 5-10 parts of kaolin and 20-25 parts of quartz powder; the raw material B comprises the following raw materials: the POU ceramic body reinforcing agent accounts for 0.2 to 0.6 percent of the weight of the raw material A; the porcelain powder surface wetting modifier accounts for 0.05 to 0.1 percent of the weight of the raw material A. The environment-friendly ceramic prepared by the invention has high temperature resistance, strong thermal stability and high strength, and meanwhile, the product has the functions of stabilizing water quality, adjusting acid-base balance of water, activating water and adsorbing, reduces the production cost of porcelain clay raw materials, realizes comprehensive utilization of industrial wastes, saves energy, protects environment and reduces pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramics, in particular to a preparation method of environment-friendly functional ceramics.
Background
Ceramics are a generic term for pottery and porcelain. The traditional ceramics are also called common ceramics, which are products fired by using natural silicate such as clay and the like as main raw materials, and the modern ceramics are also called novel ceramics, fine ceramics or special ceramics. It is usually made from non-silicate chemical raw materials or synthetic raw materials, such as oxides (alumina, zirconia, titania, etc.) and non-oxides (silicon nitride, boron carbide, etc.). The ceramic has the advantages of excellent insulation, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, high hardness, low density, radiation resistance and the like, and is widely applied to various fields of national economy.
Because of lacking capital and technical support, at present, most ceramic wastes in China are treated in an open-air stacking or shallow layer landfill mode, the random stacking or landfill of the ceramic wastes not only wastes huge land resources, but also causes pollution to surrounding soil and water due to harmful ingredients in the wastes, and the comprehensive loss is difficult to estimate, and the existing treatment modes are mostly used for building landfill, but the daily used waste porcelain often contains glaze and decorative pigment which contain heavy metal elements such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and the like, the residual heavy metal elements are transferred into the soil and the water to cause serious damage to the ecological environment surrounding the discharge area, and the product accessories are low in value and cause resource waste when being used for building landfill, so the invention provides a green body raw material which takes the sanitary waste porcelain as a main material, the sanitary waste porcelain is crushed, and the fineness reaches 3000 meshes, the utilization rate can reach 60-80%.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to an environment-friendly ceramic, which solves the problems of the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the environment-friendly ceramic comprises a raw material A and a raw material B, wherein the raw material A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
60-80 parts of ceramic waste, 4-10 parts of alumina, 15-20 parts of vesuvianite, 5-10 parts of kaolin and 20-25 parts of quartz powder;
the raw material B comprises the following raw materials:
the POU ceramic body reinforcing agent accounts for 0.2 to 0.6 percent of the weight of the raw material A;
the porcelain powder surface wetting modifier accounts for 0.05 to 0.1 percent of the weight of the raw material A.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the reinforcing agent for the POU ceramic body comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3-15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 13-25 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 4-12 parts of sodium silicate, 5-20 parts of bentonite, 20-50 parts of wollastonite and 20-23 parts of esterified cyclodextrin.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, the porcelain powder surface wetting modifier is PEG-200.
A preparation method of environment-friendly ceramic comprises the following steps:
preparing slurry: uniformly mixing the raw material A, crushing, filtering, screening, adding water to prepare slurry, and then adding the raw material B and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry;
ball milling: performing ball milling by a wet method, and putting the slurry into a ball mill for ball milling treatment to obtain slurry;
removing impurities: putting the slurry into an iron remover for iron removal, then putting the slurry into a filter press for filter pressing to obtain mud blocks, and putting the mud blocks into a pugging machine for pugging to obtain blanks;
injection molding: pouring the slurry into a mold, drying, and taking out the formed ceramic blank for later use;
trimming: finishing the surface of the formed ceramic blank;
glazing: preparing ceramic glaze from the polished ceramic blank;
firing: and putting the glazed ceramic body into a kiln for firing.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, in the preparation of the slurry, the raw material A is crushed and then passes through a 200-mesh 250-mesh sieve, and then water is added to prepare the slurry with the mass concentration of 60-85%.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, in the ball milling, the slurry is put into a ball mill, 85 percent of clear water is added, wet ball milling is adopted, the ball milling rotation speed is 1000-1400r/min, and the ball milling lasts for 10-15.5 h.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, in the impurity removal, the mass water content of the blank is 22%.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, in the injection molding, the drying is natural drying for 6-8 hours or 10-20 minutes in a drying room.
As a further technical scheme of the invention, in the glazing, the baume degree of the porcelain glaze is regulated to be 50-60 baume degrees,
as a further technical scheme of the invention, in the firing, the glazed ceramic body is fired by adopting oxidizing firing, the total firing time is 10-12 hours, and the firing temperature is 1280-1320 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the prepared environment-friendly ceramic has high temperature resistance, strong thermal stability (220 ℃ in 180 ℃ in 220 ℃, generally 180 ℃ in 160 ℃) and high strength, and meanwhile, the product has the functions of stabilizing water quality, adjusting acid-base balance of water, activating water and adsorbing, and simultaneously saves production cost; the ceramic waste is provided as a production raw material, so that the production cost of the porcelain clay raw material is reduced, the comprehensive utilization of industrial waste is realized, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the pollution is reduced; the production cost is low, the scale production is easy, various shapes and textures can be made, and mineral resources are saved; the method has the advantages of low price, simple production process and suitability for large-scale production, and simultaneously, the recycling of the waste greatly improves the value of the waste.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A preparation method of environment-friendly ceramic comprises the following steps:
preparing slurry: uniformly mixing raw materials A (60 parts of ceramic waste, 4 parts of alumina, 15 parts of volcanic rock, 5 parts of kaolin and 20 parts of quartz powder), crushing, and sieving with a 200-mesh sieve; then adding water to prepare slurry with the mass concentration of 60%; adding a POU ceramic body reinforcing agent (3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 13 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 4 parts of sodium silicate, 5 parts of bentonite, 20 parts of wollastonite and 20 parts of esterified cyclodextrin, accounting for 0.2 wt% of the raw material A), a ceramic powder surface wetting modifier (PEG-200; accounting for 0.05 wt% of the raw material A, the finer the ceramic powder, the larger the addition amount) into the slurry, and uniformly mixing and stirring;
ball milling: putting the slurry into a ball mill, adding 85% of clear water, performing wet ball milling at the ball milling rotation speed of 1000r/min for 15.5h to prepare slurry for later use;
removing impurities: putting the mixed raw materials into an iron remover for iron removal, putting the mixed raw materials subjected to iron removal into a filter press for filter pressing to obtain mud blocks, putting the mud blocks into a pug mill for pugging, and preparing a blank with the mass water content of 22% for later use;
injection molding: the method comprises the following steps of (1) performing injection molding and high pressure grouting on a spare blank, if a plastic resin mold is used, realizing product molding, storing a molded product blank in a model part made of gypsum, naturally drying for 6 hours or 10 minutes in a drying room (the blank is cracked after being rapidly dried without adding a POU ceramic blank reinforcing agent), so that the blank is not deformed, and storing the blank on a flat wood board for later use after the blank after being molded and taken out after being naturally dried;
trimming: the surface of a product blank is trimmed by adopting a conventional trimming process for producing domestic ceramics;
glazing: preparing ceramic glaze, adjusting the waviness of the ceramic glaze to 50 Baume degrees for later use, spraying glaze by using an air pressure spray gun with the spare ceramic glaze, and placing a glaze spraying product matrix in a dry environment for drying for 3 hours;
firing: and firing the glazed product matrix by adopting oxidation firing, wherein the total firing time is 10 hours and the firing temperature is 1280 ℃.
Example 2
A preparation method of environment-friendly ceramic comprises the following steps:
preparing slurry: uniformly mixing raw materials A (62 parts of ceramic waste, 6 parts of alumina, 16 parts of volcanic rock, 7 parts of kaolin and 22 parts of quartz powder), crushing, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve; then adding water to prepare slurry with the mass concentration of 65%; adding a POU ceramic body reinforcing agent (5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 15 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 6 parts of sodium silicate, 8 parts of bentonite, 25 parts of wollastonite and 21 parts of esterified cyclodextrin, accounting for 0.3 wt% of the raw material A), a ceramic powder surface wetting modifier (PEG-200, accounting for 0.07 wt% of the raw material A, wherein the thinner the ceramic powder, the larger the addition amount of the ceramic powder), into the slurry, mixing and stirring uniformly;
ball milling: putting the slurry into a ball mill, adding 85% of clear water, performing wet ball milling at the ball milling rotation speed of 1100r/min for 11h, and preparing slurry for later use;
removing impurities: putting the mixed raw materials into an iron remover for iron removal, putting the mixed raw materials subjected to iron removal into a filter press for filter pressing to obtain mud blocks, putting the mud blocks into a pug mill for pugging, and preparing a blank with the mass water content of 22% for later use;
injection molding: the spare blank is subjected to injection molding and high pressure, if a plastic resin mold is used, high pressure grouting is added, product molding can be realized, the molded product blank is stored in a model part made of gypsum, natural drying is carried out for 6.5 hours or the product blank is dried in a drying room for 12 minutes (the POU ceramic blank reinforcing agent is not added, the blank is rapidly dried and cracked), the blank is not deformed, and the blank after natural drying is molded and then taken out and stored on a flat wood board for spare;
trimming: the surface of a product blank is trimmed by adopting a conventional trimming process for producing domestic ceramics;
glazing: preparing ceramic glaze, adjusting the waviness of the ceramic glaze to 50 Baume degrees for later use, spraying glaze by using an air pressure spray gun with the spare ceramic glaze, and placing a glaze spraying product matrix in a dry environment for drying for 3.2 hours;
firing: and firing the glazed product matrix by adopting oxidation firing, wherein the total firing time is 10.5 hours, and the firing temperature is 1290 ℃.
Example 3
A preparation method of environment-friendly ceramic comprises the following steps:
preparing slurry: uniformly mixing raw materials A (70 parts of ceramic waste, 7 parts of alumina, 17 parts of volcanic rock, 8 parts of kaolin and 22 parts of quartz powder), crushing, and sieving with a 225-mesh sieve; then adding water to prepare slurry with the mass concentration of 75%; adding a POU ceramic body reinforcing agent (10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 18 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 8 parts of sodium silicate, 15 parts of bentonite, 35 parts of wollastonite and 22 parts of esterified cyclodextrin which account for 0.4 wt% of the raw material A) and a ceramic powder surface wetting modifier (PEG-200; account for 0.08 wt% of the raw material A, the finer the ceramic powder, the larger the addition amount) into the slurry, and uniformly mixing and stirring;
ball milling: putting the slurry into a ball mill, adding 85% of clear water, performing wet ball milling at the ball milling rotation speed of 1200r/min for 12.5h, and preparing slurry for later use;
removing impurities: putting the mixed raw materials into an iron remover for iron removal, putting the mixed raw materials subjected to iron removal into a filter press for filter pressing to obtain mud blocks, putting the mud blocks into a pug mill for pugging, and preparing a blank with the mass water content of 22% for later use;
injection molding: the method comprises the following steps of (1) performing injection molding and high pressure grouting on a spare blank, if a plastic resin mold is used, realizing product molding, storing a molded product blank in a model part made of gypsum, naturally drying for 7 hours or 15 minutes in a drying room (no POU ceramic blank reinforcing agent is added, and the blank is rapidly dried and cracked), so that the blank is not deformed, and storing the blank on a flat wood board for later use after the blank after being naturally dried is molded and taken out;
trimming: the surface of a product blank is trimmed by adopting a conventional trimming process for producing domestic ceramics;
glazing: preparing ceramic glaze, adjusting the waviness of the ceramic glaze to 55 Baume degrees for later use, spraying glaze by using an air pressure spray gun with the spare ceramic glaze, and placing a glaze spraying product matrix in a dry environment for drying for 3.5 hours;
firing: and firing the glazed product matrix by adopting oxidation firing, wherein the total firing time is 11 hours and the firing temperature is 1300 ℃.
Example 4
A preparation method of environment-friendly ceramic comprises the following steps:
preparing slurry: uniformly mixing raw materials A (75 parts of ceramic waste, 9 parts of alumina, 19 parts of volcanic rock, 9 parts of kaolin and 24 parts of quartz powder), crushing, and sieving by a 250-mesh sieve; then adding water to prepare slurry with the mass concentration of 80%; adding a POU ceramic body reinforcing agent (12 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 22 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 10 parts of sodium silicate, 18 parts of bentonite, 45 parts of wollastonite and 22 parts of esterified cyclodextrin, accounting for 0.5 wt% of the raw material A), a ceramic powder surface wetting modifier (PEG-200; accounting for 0.09 wt% of the raw material A, the finer the ceramic powder, the larger the addition amount), into the slurry, mixing and stirring uniformly;
ball milling: putting the slurry into a ball mill, adding 85% of clear water, performing wet ball milling at the ball milling rotation speed of 1300r/min for 15h, and preparing slurry for later use;
removing impurities: putting the mixed raw materials into an iron remover for iron removal, putting the mixed raw materials subjected to iron removal into a filter press for filter pressing to obtain mud blocks, putting the mud blocks into a pug mill for pugging, and preparing a blank with the mass water content of 22% for later use;
injection molding: the spare blank is subjected to injection molding and high pressure, if a plastic resin mold is used, high pressure grouting is added, product molding can be realized, the molded product blank is stored in a model part made of gypsum, the molded product blank is naturally dried for 7.5 hours or is dried in a drying room for 18 minutes (the blank is rapidly dried and cracked without adding a POU ceramic blank reinforcing agent), the blank is not deformed, and the blank after natural drying is molded and then taken out and stored on a flat wood board for spare;
trimming: the surface of a product blank is trimmed by adopting a conventional trimming process for producing domestic ceramics;
glazing: preparing ceramic glaze, adjusting the waviness of the ceramic glaze to 60 Baume degrees for later use, spraying glaze by using an air pressure spray gun with the spare ceramic glaze, and placing a glaze spraying product matrix in a dry environment for drying for 3.8 hours;
firing: and firing the glazed product matrix by adopting oxidation firing, wherein the total firing time is 11.5 hours, and the firing temperature is 1310 ℃.
Example 5
A preparation method of environment-friendly ceramic comprises the following steps:
preparing slurry: uniformly mixing raw materials A (80 parts of ceramic waste, 10 parts of alumina, 20 parts of volcanic rock, 10 parts of kaolin and 25 parts of quartz powder), crushing, and sieving with a 250-mesh sieve; then adding water to prepare slurry with the mass concentration of 85%; adding a POU ceramic body reinforcing agent (15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 25 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 12 parts of sodium silicate, 20 parts of bentonite, 50 parts of wollastonite and 23 parts of esterified cyclodextrin, accounting for 0.6 wt% of the raw material A), a ceramic powder surface wetting modifier (PEG-200, accounting for 0.1 wt% of the raw material A, wherein the thinner the ceramic powder, the larger the addition amount of the ceramic powder), into the slurry, and uniformly mixing and stirring;
ball milling: putting the slurry into a ball mill, adding 85% of clear water, performing wet ball milling at the ball milling rotation speed of 1400r/min for 15.5h, and preparing slurry for later use;
removing impurities: putting the mixed raw materials into an iron remover for iron removal, putting the mixed raw materials subjected to iron removal into a filter press for filter pressing to obtain mud blocks, putting the mud blocks into a pug mill for pugging, and preparing a blank with the mass water content of 22% for later use;
injection molding: the method comprises the following steps of (1) performing injection molding and high pressure grouting on a spare blank, if a plastic resin mold is used, realizing product molding, storing a molded product blank in a model part made of gypsum, naturally drying for 8 hours or 20 minutes in a drying room (the blank is not added with a POU ceramic blank reinforcing agent, and the blank is rapidly dried and cracked), so that the blank is not deformed, and storing the blank after the blank is naturally dried on a flat wood board for later use after being molded and taken out;
trimming: the surface of a product blank is trimmed by adopting a conventional trimming process for producing domestic ceramics;
glazing: preparing ceramic glaze, adjusting the waviness of the ceramic glaze to 60 Baume degrees for later use, spraying glaze by using an air pressure spray gun with the spare ceramic glaze, and placing a glaze spraying product matrix in a dry environment for drying for 4 hours;
firing: and firing the glazed product matrix by adopting oxidation firing, wherein the total firing time is 12 hours and the firing temperature is 1320 ℃.
The present invention is illustrated by way of example and not by way of limitation. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that other variations and modifications may be made in the foregoing disclosure without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of all embodiments, and that all changes and modifications apparent from the above teachings are within the scope of the invention.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The environment-friendly ceramic is characterized by comprising a raw material A and a raw material B, wherein the raw material A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
60-80 parts of ceramic waste, 4-10 parts of alumina, 15-20 parts of vesuvianite, 5-10 parts of kaolin and 20-25 parts of quartz powder;
the raw material B comprises the following raw materials:
the POU ceramic body reinforcing agent accounts for 0.2 to 0.6 percent of the weight of the raw material A;
the porcelain powder surface wetting modifier accounts for 0.05 to 0.1 percent of the weight of the raw material A.
2. The environment-friendly ceramic according to claim 1, wherein the POU ceramic body reinforcing agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 3-15 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 13-25 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, 4-12 parts of sodium silicate, 5-20 parts of bentonite, 20-50 parts of wollastonite and 20-23 parts of esterified cyclodextrin.
3. The eco-friendly ceramic of claim 1, wherein the porcelain powder surface wetting modifier is PEG-200.
4. A method for preparing the environment-friendly ceramic according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
preparing slurry: uniformly mixing the raw material A, crushing, filtering, screening, adding water to prepare slurry, and then adding the raw material B and uniformly stirring to obtain slurry;
ball milling: performing ball milling by a wet method, and putting the slurry into a ball mill for ball milling treatment to obtain slurry;
removing impurities: putting the slurry into an iron remover for iron removal, then putting the slurry into a filter press for filter pressing to obtain mud blocks, and putting the mud blocks into a pugging machine for pugging to obtain blanks;
injection molding: pouring the slurry into a mold, drying, and taking out the formed ceramic blank for later use;
trimming: finishing the surface of the formed ceramic blank;
glazing: glazing the polished ceramic blank;
firing: and putting the glazed ceramic body into a kiln for firing.
5. The method for preparing environment-friendly ceramic as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the slurry preparation, the raw material A is crushed and then passes through a 200-mesh 250-mesh sieve, and then water is added to prepare slurry with the mass concentration of 60-85%.
6. The method for preparing environment-friendly ceramic according to claim 4, wherein in the ball milling, the slurry is placed in a ball mill, 85% of clear water is added, wet ball milling is adopted, the ball milling rotation speed is 1000-1400r/min, and the ball milling time is 10-15.5 h.
7. The method for preparing environment-friendly ceramic according to claim 4, wherein in the impurity removal, the mass water content of the blank is 22%.
8. The method for preparing environment-friendly ceramic according to claim 4, wherein in the injection molding, the drying is natural drying for 6-8 hours or 10-20 minutes in a drying room.
9. The method for preparing environment-friendly ceramic according to claim 4, wherein in the glazing, the ceramic glaze is prepared to adjust the waviness of the ceramic glaze to be 50-60 Baume degrees, the air pressure spray gun is adopted to spray the glaze with the prepared ceramic glaze, and the glaze-sprayed product matrix is placed in a dry environment to be dried for 3-4 hours.
10. The method for preparing environmental protection ceramic according to claim 4, wherein in the firing, the glazed ceramic body is fired by oxidizing firing, the total firing time is 10-12 hours, and the firing temperature is 1280-1320 ℃.
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