CN114343222B - Control method of tobacco leaf drying equipment and tobacco leaf drying equipment - Google Patents
Control method of tobacco leaf drying equipment and tobacco leaf drying equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114343222B CN114343222B CN202210134752.1A CN202210134752A CN114343222B CN 114343222 B CN114343222 B CN 114343222B CN 202210134752 A CN202210134752 A CN 202210134752A CN 114343222 B CN114343222 B CN 114343222B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf drying, and particularly relates to a control method of tobacco leaf drying equipment and the tobacco leaf drying equipment, wherein the tobacco leaf drying equipment comprises an electric auxiliary heating drying system and a heat pump drying system, and the control method comprises the following steps: when the tobacco leaf drying equipment receives a starting instruction of a user, judging whether the heat pump drying system is in fault, and if the heat pump drying system is in fault, independently controlling the electric auxiliary heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves; if the heat pump drying system is normal, whether the electric auxiliary heating drying system is controlled to carry out tobacco leaf drying or the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heating drying system are controlled to carry out tobacco leaf drying simultaneously is determined according to the outdoor environment temperature. The tobacco leaf drying equipment and the control method can ensure the tobacco leaf drying effect and effectively reduce the tobacco leaf drying cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf drying, and particularly relates to a control method of tobacco leaf drying equipment and the tobacco leaf drying equipment.
Background
China is the world with the largest yield of flue-cured tobacco, and nearly 200 million tons of primary cured tobacco are used every year. By the end of 2017, china has built up 120 thousands of intensive curing barns, and the heat source is mainly coal and biomass particles. Wherein: 119 thousands seats of coal-fired and biomass curing barn and 2000 seats of heat pump curing barn account for 0.167%, and the modified and newly-built heat pump curing barn is increased to 6000 seats according to incomplete statistics until 2020.10 is obtained.
With the continuous improvement of the environmental protection requirement and the further improvement of the baking quality of tobacco leaves, in recent years, tobacco departments begin the new construction of heat pump baking rooms or the reconstruction of original coal baking rooms in the major provinces of tobacco production such as Yunnan, henan and Fujian.
The heat pump replaces the coal and the national started coal-fired curing barn is transformed. The heat pump dryer has the advantages that: high efficiency, energy saving and heat efficiency 3-8 times of that of conventional drying; only 38% of the cost of fire coal flue-cured tobacco; the drying quality is good, the heat pump drying is a mild form, and the tobacco leaf cracks caused by too high drying speed can be avoided; compared with a conventional drying mode, the heat pump drying mode is safer, pollution is avoided, pollution gas is not generated, and carbon emission is avoided.
However, the cost of one flue-cured tobacco cycle found in flue-cured tobacco actual measurement is: the total electric quantity is 1100 KW.h, the cost is 660, the operation cost of coal of a boiler curing barn is about 800 yuan, the operation cost of biomass fuel curing barn is about 1200 yuan, the heat pump drying is 82.5% of the coal, the initial investment cost of the drying curing barn is about 10 yuan, the on-site baking operation cost is high, and the problem of pain points which prevent a heat pump dryer from getting on the horse is urgently needed to be solved. Rated heating capacity of unit generally is 40KW on present flue-cured tobacco heat pump stoving market, and the electrical heating of unit configuration is 20KW, often dries the tobacco leaf through the supplementary thermal compensation of electricity when outdoor environment operating mode surpasss heat pump set's operating range, because the supplementary thermal efficiency of electricity is far less than the heat pump operation, it is the present problem that needs to solve urgently to reduce the energy consumption when reducing the supplementary thermal compensation operation of electricity when guaranteeing the tobacco leaf stoving effect.
The present invention has been made in view of this situation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a control method of tobacco leaf drying equipment and the tobacco leaf drying equipment, which can ensure the tobacco leaf drying effect and effectively reduce the tobacco leaf drying cost.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a control method of tobacco leaf drying equipment, wherein the tobacco leaf drying equipment comprises an electric auxiliary heating drying system and a heat pump drying system, and the control method comprises the following steps of
When the tobacco leaf drying equipment receives a starting instruction of a user, judging whether the heat pump drying system is in fault, and if the heat pump drying system is in fault, independently controlling the electric auxiliary heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves; if the heat pump drying system is normal, whether the electric auxiliary heating drying system is controlled to carry out tobacco leaf drying or the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heating drying system are controlled to carry out tobacco leaf drying simultaneously is determined according to the outdoor environment temperature.
Further optionally, the determining whether to control the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves or to control the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves simultaneously according to the outdoor environment temperature includes
Acquiring the outdoor environment temperature;
judging whether the current outdoor environment temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump drying system;
when the outdoor environment temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump drying system, independently controlling the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves; and when the outdoor environment temperature is not lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump drying system, controlling the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves.
Further optionally, before the electric auxiliary heating drying system is controlled separately to dry the tobacco leaves under the condition that the heat pump drying system is judged to be normal, the control method further includes
Judging whether a control instruction for starting a heat pump drying system is received or not;
if a control instruction for starting the heat pump drying system is received, simultaneously controlling the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves; if the control instruction for starting the heat pump drying system is not received, judging whether the control instruction for independently controlling the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves is received;
if a control instruction for independently controlling the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves is received, the electric auxiliary heating drying system is independently controlled to dry the tobacco leaves, and if the control instruction for independently controlling the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves is not received, the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heating drying system are not started to operate.
Further optionally, the electric-assisted thermal drying system comprises a plurality of groups of electric heating devices, and the electric-assisted thermal drying system is controlled independently to dry the tobacco leaves, including
In the initial stage of starting operation of the tobacco leaf drying equipment, starting a group of electric heating devices at set time intervals until all the electric heating devices are started;
in the temperature and humidity stable control stage, the temperature T of the dry balls in the curing barn is controlled Dry ball Monitoring to adjust the number of active sets of electrical heating means;
in the drying and temperature rising stage, the heat is transferred to the surface of the substrateHeating rate V of temperature of dry ball in curing barn T-shaped dry ball Monitoring is performed to adjust the number of active sets of electrical heating means.
Further optionally, the passing is to the dry bulb temperature T in the hothouse Dry ball Monitoring to adjust the number of active sets of electric heating means, including
Obtaining the dry bulb temperature T in the curing barn Dry ball ；
According to the preset duration T1-the dry bulb temperature T Dry ball Mapping of the number of active groups n of electric heating devices, as the dry bulb temperature T Dry ball After the same temperature range in the mapping relation reaches the corresponding duration time t1, determining the starting group number n of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration time t 1;
and adjusting the number of the active groups of the electric heating devices to the number n of the active groups of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 1.
Further optionally, the electric-assisted heating drying system comprises a plurality of groups of electric heating devices, and the heat pump drying system and the electric-assisted heating drying system are controlled simultaneously to dry the tobacco leaves, including
Controlling a heat pump drying system to start at the initial stage of starting operation of the tobacco leaf drying equipment;
in the stage of stabilizing temperature and humidity control, the temperature T of the dry balls in the curing barn is controlled Dry ball Monitoring to adjust the number of active sets of electrical heating means;
in the drying and heating stage, the heating rate V of the temperature of the drying balls in the curing barn T-shaped dry ball Monitoring is performed to adjust the number of active sets of electric heating means.
Further optionally, the tobacco leaf drying period includes a yellowing period, a color fixing period and a stem drying period, each drying period is respectively provided with the temperature and humidity stabilizing control stage, and the electrically-assisted heat drying system is preset with different durations T2-dry bulb temperatures T corresponding to each tobacco leaf drying period Dry ball -a table of correspondence of number n of active groups of electric heating devices; the passing dry bulb temperature T in the curing barn Dry ball Monitoring to adjust the number of active sets of electric heating means, including
Obtaining the dry bulb temperature T in the curing barn Dry ball ；
Determining the current tobacco leaf drying period, and determining the preset duration T2-dry bulb temperature T corresponding to the tobacco leaf drying period according to the current tobacco leaf drying period Dry ball -mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating devices;
according to the preset duration T2-the dry bulb temperature T Dry ball Mapping of the number of active groups n of electric heating devices, as the dry bulb temperature T Dry ball After the same temperature range in the mapping relation reaches the corresponding duration t2, determining the starting group number n of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 2;
and adjusting the number of the active groups of the electric heating devices to the number n of the active groups of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 2.
Further optionally, the temperature of the dry bulb in the curing barn is increased by a temperature increase rate V T-shaped dry ball Monitoring to adjust the number of active sets of electric heating means, including
Continuously obtaining the dry bulb temperature T in the curing barn Dry ball Calculating the temperature rise rate V per unit time T-shaped dry ball ；
According to a preset duration t 3-a temperature rise rate V T-shaped dry ball Mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating devices, as the rate of dry-bulb heating V T-shaped dry ball After the same temperature range in the mapping relation reaches the corresponding duration time t3, determining the starting group number n of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration time t 3;
and adjusting the number of the active groups of the electric heating devices to the number n of the active groups of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 3.
Further optionally, when the number of the groups of the electric heating devices needs to be increased, the electric heating devices which are not started are sorted according to the accumulated running time length, and the electric heating devices which are not started are started preferentially when the accumulated running time is short;
when the number of the electric heating devices needs to be reduced, the started electric heating devices are sorted according to the accumulated running time length, the electric heating devices are closed preferentially when the running time length is long, and the single group of electric heating devices is allowed to be closed after at least running for a set time length.
Further optionally, when a plurality of groups of electric heating devices need to be started, a group of electric heating devices is started at set time intervals until all the groups of electric heating devices need to be started are started.
The invention also provides tobacco leaf drying equipment which adopts any one of the control methods.
After adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the outdoor environment temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump system or the heat pump system fails, the electric auxiliary heating system is adopted for drying the tobacco leaves to ensure the operation reliability of the system, and when the outdoor environment temperature is not lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump system, the electric auxiliary heating system is adopted for heat compensation, and the electric auxiliary heating openable stage is divided reasonably, so that the tobacco leaf drying efficiency is improved, and the tobacco leaf drying cost is reduced. The invention feeds back whether the heat is enough or not in time by monitoring the temperature and the temperature rise rate in the baking room, reduces the starting of the electric heating device under the condition that the heat in the baking room is larger than the heat requirement, and increases the starting of the electric heating device under the condition that the heat in the baking room is not enough to meet the heat requirement, thereby saving the energy consumption while ensuring the drying effect.
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention to the proper form disclosed herein. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1: is a control logic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2: is a temperature and humidity change curve of the three-stage drying process of the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3: the invention is a control flow chart for independently controlling the electric auxiliary heating system to dry the tobacco leaves.
FIG. 4: the embodiment of the invention is a control flow chart for controlling the electric auxiliary heating system and the heat pump system to dry the tobacco leaves simultaneously.
It should be noted that the drawings and the description are not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept in any way, but to illustrate it by a person skilled in the art with reference to specific embodiments.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "contacting," and "communicating" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Aiming at the problem of high tobacco leaf drying cost of the tobacco leaf drying equipment with the existing electrified auxiliary heating system, the embodiment provides a control method of the tobacco leaf drying equipment, the tobacco leaf drying equipment comprises an electric auxiliary heating drying system and a heat pump drying system, the control method comprises steps S1-S2, as shown in a control logic diagram shown in fig. 1, wherein:
s1, when tobacco leaf drying equipment receives a starting instruction of a user, judging whether a heat pump drying system is in fault;
s2, if the heat pump drying system fails, independently controlling the electric auxiliary heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves; if the heat pump drying system is normal, whether the electric auxiliary heating drying system is controlled independently to dry the tobacco leaves or the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heating drying system are controlled simultaneously to dry the tobacco leaves is determined according to the outdoor environment temperature.
When the outdoor environment temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump system or the heat pump system fails, the electric auxiliary heating system is adopted for drying the tobacco leaves to ensure the operation reliability of the system, and when the outdoor environment temperature is not lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump system, the electric auxiliary heating system is adopted for heat compensation, and the electric auxiliary heating openable stage is divided reasonably, so that the tobacco leaf drying efficiency is improved, and the tobacco leaf drying cost is reduced.
Further alternatively, in the case where it is determined that the heat pump system is normal, step S2 includes steps S21 to S23, as shown in the control flowchart of fig. 3, where:
s21, acquiring outdoor environment temperature;
s22, judging whether the current outdoor environment temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump drying system;
s23, when the outdoor environment temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump drying system, independently controlling the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves; and when the outdoor environment temperature is not lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump drying system, controlling the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves.
In this embodiment, the heat pump system can normally operate only under a certain outdoor ambient temperature, for example, the heat pump system can normally operate at-15 ℃ to 52 ℃, and cannot be normally started when the temperature is lower than the temperature range. Therefore, under the condition that the heat pump system is not in fault, whether the current outdoor environment temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature range of the normal operation of the heat pump system needs to be judged, if the current outdoor environment temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature range of the normal operation of the heat pump system, for example, when the outdoor environment temperature T environment is less than-15 ℃, the heat pump system cannot normally work, at the moment, the electric auxiliary heat drying system is independently controlled to dry the tobacco leaves, and the reliability of tobacco leaf drying of the tobacco leaf drying equipment under the low-temperature environment is ensured. When the outdoor environment temperature is not less than 15 ℃ below zero and the T environment is not more than 52 ℃, the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heating drying system are controlled to dry the tobacco leaves, and the electric auxiliary heating system is adopted to compensate heat under the condition that the heat pump system operates normally, so that the tobacco leaf drying efficiency is improved, and the tobacco leaf drying cost is reduced. When the outdoor environment temperature is less than or equal to 52 ℃ in the T environment, the tobacco leaves can be dried without the help of tobacco leaf drying equipment.
Further optionally, in a case that it is determined that the heat pump drying system is normal, before the electric auxiliary heat drying system is separately controlled to dry the tobacco leaves, the control method further includes steps S231 to S233, where:
s231, judging whether a control instruction for starting the heat pump drying system is received or not;
s232, if a control instruction for starting the heat pump drying system is received, simultaneously controlling the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves; if the control instruction for starting the heat pump drying system is not received, judging whether the control instruction for independently controlling the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves is received;
and S233, if a control instruction for independently controlling the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves is received, independently controlling the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves, and if the control instruction for independently controlling the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves is not received, neither the heat pump drying system nor the electric auxiliary heating drying system is started to operate.
In this embodiment, as shown in the control flowchart shown in fig. 3, when the outdoor ambient temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump drying system, first, it is prompted to the user whether to start the heat pump drying system, for example, to prompt the user whether "the heat pump drying operation range is exceeded," if the user selects "yes," the heat pump drying system is operated according to the control logic of the outdoor ambient temperature in the temperature range of the normal operation of the heat pump drying system, that is, the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heat drying system are controlled to perform tobacco leaf drying at the same time. If the user selects 'no', the user is prompted again whether to start the electric auxiliary heating system, for example, a prompt is sent out to indicate that 'only the electric auxiliary heating can be operated and whether to continue', if the user selects 'to continue', the electric auxiliary heating drying system is controlled independently to dry the tobacco leaves, if the user selects 'no', the unit does not act, and the heat pump system and the electric auxiliary heating system are not started. According to the embodiment, drying selection is carried out according to the requirements of the user, and the use experience of the user is improved.
Further optionally, the electrically-assisted thermal drying system comprises a plurality of groups of electric heating devices, and the step of independently controlling the electrically-assisted thermal drying system to dry the tobacco leaves comprises steps A1 to A3, wherein:
a1, starting a group of electric heating devices at set time intervals at the initial stage of starting operation of tobacco leaf drying equipment until all the electric heating devices are started;
a2, in the temperature and humidity stable control stage, the temperature T of the dry bulb in the curing barn is controlled Dry ball Monitoring to adjust the number of enabled groups of electric heating devices;
a3, in the drying and temperature rising stage, the temperature rising rate V of the temperature of the dry balls in the curing barn T-shaped dry ball Monitoring is performed to adjust the number of active sets of electrical heating means.
The tobacco leaf drying of this embodiment adopts a three-stage drying process, as shown in the process curve diagram of temperature and humidity changes shown in fig. 2, the drying period of the tobacco leaf drying includes a yellowing period, a fixation period and a stem drying period, and the drying period of the tobacco leaf is determined by controlling the temperature and the baking time of the baking room. Each drying period includes one or more temperature and humidity stable control stages (the stage in which the temperature and humidity in the curve of fig. 2 are stable and unchanged) and one or more drying temperature rise stages (the stage in which the temperature and humidity in the process curve of fig. 2 are raised), each temperature and humidity stable control stage is provided with a corresponding drying time and a corresponding target control temperature, and each drying temperature rise stage is provided with a corresponding target temperature rise rate. For better elaboration of the invention, in one embodiment, four sets of electric auxiliary heating devices are provided, and the number of sets of electric auxiliary heating devices can be set continuously according to actual needs.
As shown in the control flow chart of fig. 3, when only the electric auxiliary heating system operates, in the initial stage of starting operation of the tobacco leaf drying equipment, all the electric heating devices are directly put into operation, and the control logic of the putting into operation of all the electric auxiliary heating devices is as follows: and (4) putting the 1 st group into operation, after the interval of 30s, putting the 2 nd group into operation, and so on until all the electric heating devices are started. The set time of the input operation of the two electric auxiliary heating devices can be set according to the requirement so as to ensure the reliable operation of the unit.
In the stable temperature and humidity control stage, the control target is the drying ball temperature T of the curing barn Dry ball By adjusting the temperature T of the dry bulb in the curing barn Dry ball Monitoring is performed to adjust the number of active sets of electric heating means. The method comprises the following specific steps of A21-A23, wherein:
a21, obtaining the dry bulb temperature T in the curing barn Dry ball ；
A22, according to the preset duration T1-dry bulb temperature T Dry ball Mapping of the number of active groups n of electric heating devices, as the dry bulb temperature T Dry ball After the same temperature range in the mapping relation reaches the corresponding duration time t1, determining the starting group number n of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration time t 1;
and A23, adjusting the number of the active groups of the electric heating devices to the number n of the active groups of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 1.
In one embodiment: the control flow chart shown in FIG. 3, duration T1-dry bulb temperature T Dry ball The mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating devices is as follows:
if T is detected for 10s continuously Dry ball ＜T Setting up When the temperature is below-3 ℃, 4 groups of electric heating are started;
if T is detected for 10s continuously Dry ball ≥T Setting up At-2 ℃, 3 groups of electric heating are started;
if T is detected for 10s continuously Dry ball ≥T Setting up When the temperature is below-1 ℃, 2 groups of electric heating are started;
if T is detected for 10s continuously Dry ball ≥T Setting up When the temperature is high, 1 group of electric heating is started;
if T is detected for 5s continuously Dry ball ≥T Setting up At +1 deg.C, all electrical heating is forcibly turned off.
T Setting up And controlling the target temperature corresponding to the stable temperature and humidity control stage in different tobacco leaf drying periods.
In the drying and temperature rising stage, the control target is the temperature rising rate V of the drying ball temperature of the curing barn T-shaped dry ball By the temperature rise rate V of the temperature of the dry bulb in the curing barn T-shaped dry ball Monitoring is performed to adjust the number of active sets of electric heating means. The method comprises the following specific steps of A31-A33, wherein:
a31, continuously acquiring the dry bulb temperature T in the curing barn Dry ball Calculating the temperature rise rate V per unit time T-shaped dry ball ；
A32, according to a preset duration t 3-a heating rate V T-shaped dry ball Mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating devices, as the rate of dry-bulb heating up V T-shaped dry ball After the same temperature range in the mapping relation reaches the corresponding duration t3, determining the starting group number n of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 3;
and A33, adjusting the number of the active groups of the electric heating devices to the number n of the active groups of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 3.
In one embodiment, the control flow chart shown in FIG. 3, duration T3-dry bulb temperature T Dry ball The mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating devices is as follows:
if V is detected for 5min continuously T-shaped dry ball ＜V T Dry ball (setting) 4 groups of electric heating are started at the speed of-0.2 ℃/h;
if V is detected for 5min continuously T-shaped dry ball ≥V T Dry ball (setting) When the temperature is 0.1 ℃/h, 3 groups of electric heating are started;
if V is detected for 3min T-shaped dry ball ≥V T Dry ball (setting) When the temperature is high, 2 groups of electric heating are started;
if V is detected for 3min T-shaped dry ball ≥V T Dry ball (setting) When the temperature is +0.1 ℃/h, 1 group of electric heating is started;
if V is detected for 3min T-shaped dry ball ≥V T Dry ball (setting) +0.2 ℃/h, then all electrical heating is forced off.
V T Dry ball (setting) The target temperature rise rate corresponding to the drying temperature rise stage in different tobacco leaf drying periods. Rate of temperature rise V per unit time T-shaped dry ball Optionally a ramp rate every 1 minute.
Whether this embodiment comes timely feedback heat enough through temperature and temperature rise speed in the monitoring roast room to reduce electric heating device and start, increase electric heating device and start under the circumstances that heat is not enough to satisfy the heat demand in roast room under the heat in roast room is greater than the heat demand, thereby energy saving when guaranteeing the stoving effect.
Further optionally, the electrically-assisted heat drying system comprises a plurality of groups of electric heating devices, and the step of controlling the heat pump drying system and the electrically-assisted heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves comprises steps B1 to B3, wherein:
b1, controlling a heat pump drying system to start at the initial stage of starting operation of the tobacco leaf drying equipment;
b2, in the stage of stabilizing the temperature and humidity control, the temperature T of the dry bulb in the curing barn is controlled Dry ball Monitoring to adjust the number of enabled groups of electric heating devices;
b3, in the drying and temperature rising stage, the temperature rising rate V of the temperature of the dry balls in the curing barn T-shaped dry ball Monitoring is performed to adjust the number of active sets of electric heating means.
In this embodiment, when the electric auxiliary heating system and the heat pump system are controlled to dry the tobacco leaves, the heat pump system is controlled to start and operate at the initial stage of starting and operating the tobacco leaf drying equipment.
In the stable temperature and humidity control stage, the control target is the drying ball temperature T of the curing barn Dry ball By adjusting the temperature T of the dry bulb in the curing barn Dry ball Monitoring is performed to adjust the number of active sets of electrical heating means. The method comprises the following specific steps of B21-B23, wherein:
b21, obtaining the dry bulb temperature T in the curing barn Dry ball ；
B22, determining the current tobacco leaf drying period, and determining the preset duration T2-dry bulb temperature T corresponding to the tobacco leaf drying period according to the current tobacco leaf drying period Dry ball -mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating devices;
b23, according to the preset duration T2-dry bulb temperature T Dry ball -a mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating means,when dry bulb temperature T Dry ball After the same temperature range in the mapping relation reaches the corresponding duration t2, determining the starting group number n of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 2;
and B24, adjusting the number of the groups of the activated electric heating devices to the number n of the groups of the activated electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 2.
The electric auxiliary heating drying system is preset with different duration time T2-dry ball temperature T corresponding to each tobacco leaf drying period Dry ball -a table of electrical heating means activation groups n, in one embodiment: as shown in the control flow chart of FIG. 4, 1) when T Setting up ≤42℃，T Setting up The target control temperature corresponding to the stable temperature and humidity control stage in different tobacco leaf drying periods, as shown in FIG. 2, the drying period is the yellowing period, and the corresponding duration T2-dry bulb temperature T Dry ball The mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating devices is as follows:
if T is detected for 10s continuously Dry ball ＜T Setting up When the temperature is below-3 ℃, 4 groups of electric heating are started;
if T is detected for 10s continuously Dry ball ≥T Setting up At-2 ℃, 3 groups of electric heating are started;
if T is detected for 10s continuously Dry ball ≥T Setting up When the temperature is minus 1 ℃, 2 groups of electric heating are started;
if T is detected for 10s continuously Dry ball ≥T Setting up When the temperature is high, 1 group of electric heating is started;
if T is detected for 5s continuously Dry ball ≥T Setting up When the temperature is higher than 1 ℃, all electric heating is forcibly closed;
in other cases, the electrical heating is not turned on.
2) As shown in the control flow chart of FIG. 4, when 42 ℃ < T Setting up ≤54℃，T Setting up The target control temperature corresponding to the stable temperature and humidity control stage in different tobacco leaf drying periods, as shown in FIG. 2, the drying period is a fixation period, and the corresponding duration T2-dry bulb temperature T Dry ball A mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating devicesThe method comprises the following steps:
if the heat pump system compressor is operated to the highest frequency allowed by the current outer ring for 20min continuously or enters a frequency limiting stage T Dry ball ＜T Setting up -3 ℃, then allowing electrical heating to turn on 4 groups, each group being on for 30s;
if the heat pump system compressor is operated to the highest frequency allowed by the current outer ring for 20min continuously or enters a frequency limiting and reducing stage with the temperature of minus 3 ℃ less than or equal to T Dry ball ＜T Setting up -2 ℃, then allowing electrical heating to turn on 3 groups, each group being on for 30s;
if the heat pump system compressor is operated to the highest frequency allowed by the current outer ring for 20min continuously or enters a frequency limiting and reducing stage with the temperature of minus 2 ℃ less than or equal to T Dry ball ＜T Setting up -1 ℃, then allow electrical heating to turn on 2 groups;
in other cases, the electrical heating is not turned on.
3) As shown in the control flow chart of FIG. 4, when 54 ℃ < T Setting up When the baking stage is in the dry muscle period, T Setting up The target control temperature corresponding to the stable temperature and humidity control stage in different tobacco leaf drying periods is shown in FIG. 2, the drying period is a stem drying period, and the corresponding duration T2-dry bulb temperature T Dry ball The mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating devices is as follows:
if the heat pump system compressor continuously operates to the highest frequency allowed by the current outer ring for 10min or enters a frequency limiting and reducing stage, T dry balls are less than T set to be minus 3 ℃, allowing the electric heating to start 4 groups, and starting the groups at an interval of 30s;
if the heat pump system compressor continuously runs to the maximum frequency allowed by the current outer ring for 10min or enters a frequency limiting and reducing stage, and T dry balls are more than or equal to T set minus 3 ℃ and less than T set minus 2 ℃, allowing the electric heating to start 3 groups, wherein the starting interval of each group is 30s;
if the heat pump system compressor runs to the highest frequency allowed by the current outer ring for 10min continuously or enters a frequency limiting and reducing stage, and T is set to be more than or equal to minus 2 ℃ and less than T is set to be minus 1 ℃, allowing the electric heating to be started for 2 groups;
and if the compressor of the heat pump system continuously operates to the highest frequency allowed by the current outer ring for 10min or enters a frequency limiting and reducing stage and T is set to be-1 ℃ and more and T dry balls and T is set to be less than T, allowing 1 group of the electric heating to be started.
Furthermore, in the drying temperature rise stage, the control target is the temperature rise rate V of the drying ball temperature of the curing barn T-shaped dry ball By the temperature rise rate V of the temperature of the dry bulb in the curing barn T-shaped dry ball Monitoring is performed to adjust the number of active sets of electrical heating means.
The method comprises the following specific steps of B31-B33, wherein:
b31, continuously acquiring the dry bulb temperature T in the curing barn Dry ball Calculating the temperature rise rate V per unit time T-shaped dry ball ；
B32, according to a preset duration t 3-a heating rate V T-shaped dry ball Mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating devices, as the rate of dry-bulb heating up V T-shaped dry ball After the same temperature range in the mapping relation reaches the corresponding duration t3, determining the starting group number n of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 3;
and B33, adjusting the number of the active groups of the electric heating devices to the number n of the active groups of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 3.
In one embodiment: the control flow chart shown in FIG. 4, duration T3-dry bulb temperature T Dry ball The mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating devices is as follows:
if V is detected for 5min continuously T-shaped dry ball ＜V T dry ball (setting) When the temperature is 0.2 ℃/h, 4 groups of electric heating are started;
if V is detected for 5min continuously T-shaped dry ball ≥V T Dry ball (setting) When the temperature is 0.1 ℃/h, 3 groups of electric heating are started;
if V is detected for 3min T-shaped dry ball ≥V T dry ball (setting) When the temperature is high, 2 groups of electric heating are started;
if V is detected for 3min T-shaped dry ball ≥V T dry ball (setting) When +0.1 ℃/h, starting 1 group of electric heating;
if V is detected for 3min T-shaped dry ball ≥V T Dry ball (setting) +0.2 ℃/h, then all electrical heating is forced off.
V T Dry ball (setting) The target temperature rise rate corresponding to the drying temperature rise stage in different tobacco leaf drying periods. Rate of temperature rise V per unit time T-shaped dry ball Optionally a ramp rate every 1 minute.
Whether this embodiment comes timely feedback heat enough through temperature and temperature rise speed in the monitoring roast room to reduce electric heating device and start, increase electric heating device and start under the circumstances that heat is not enough to satisfy the heat demand in roast room under the heat in roast room is greater than the heat demand, thereby energy saving when guaranteeing the stoving effect.
When the outdoor environment temperature is not lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump system, the heat compensation is carried out by adopting the electric auxiliary heating system, and the stage of opening by reasonably dividing the electric auxiliary heating is carried out, so that the tobacco leaf drying efficiency is improved, and the tobacco leaf drying cost is reduced. And further, whether the heat is enough or not is fed back in time by monitoring the temperature and the temperature rise rate in the baking room, the electric heating device is reduced to be started under the condition that the heat in the baking room is larger than the heat demand, and the electric heating device is increased to be started under the condition that the heat in the baking room is not enough to meet the heat demand, so that the energy consumption is saved while the drying effect is ensured.
In order to prevent the frequent start and stop of the electric heating devices and the adverse service life of the electric heating devices and ensure the operation reliability of the electric auxiliary heating devices, the method is further optional on the basis of the scheme, when the number of groups of the electric heating devices needs to be increased, the electric heating devices which are not started are sorted according to the accumulated operation time length, and the electric heating devices are started preferentially with short accumulated operation time; when the number of the electric heating devices needs to be reduced, the started electric heating devices are sorted according to the accumulated running time length, the electric heating devices are preferentially closed when the running time length is long, and the single group of electric heating devices are allowed to be closed after at least running for a set time length. When a plurality of groups of electric heating devices need to be started, starting one group of electric heating devices at set time intervals until all the electric heating devices needing to be started are started.
The embodiment also provides tobacco leaf drying equipment which adopts the control method.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The control method of the tobacco leaf drying equipment is characterized in that the tobacco leaf drying equipment comprises an electric auxiliary heating drying system and a heat pump drying system, and the control method comprises the following steps
When the tobacco leaf drying equipment receives a starting instruction of a user, judging whether the heat pump drying system is in fault, and if the heat pump drying system is in fault, independently controlling the electric auxiliary heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves; if the heat pump drying system is normal, determining whether to independently control the electric auxiliary heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves or to simultaneously control the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves according to the outdoor environment temperature; the tobacco leaf drying period comprises a yellowing period, a color fixing period and a stem drying period, each drying period is respectively provided with a stable temperature and humidity control stage,
the electrically-assisted drying system comprises a plurality of groups of electric heating devices, and the independently-controlled electrically-assisted drying system is used for drying tobacco leaves and comprises: in the stage of stabilizing temperature and humidity control, the temperature T of the dry bulb in the curing barn is controlled Dry ball Monitoring to adjust the number of enabled groups of electric heating devices;
the temperature T of the dry bulb in the baking room Dry ball Monitoring to adjust the number of active sets of electric heating devices, comprising:
obtaining the dry bulb temperature T in the curing barn Dry ball ；
According to the preset duration T1-the dry bulb temperature T Dry ball Mapping of the number of active groups n of electric heating devices, as the dry bulb temperature T Dry ball In the mapping relationAfter the same temperature range reaches the corresponding duration time t1, determining the starting group number n of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration time t 1;
and adjusting the number of the active groups of the electric heating devices to the number n of the active groups of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 1.
2. The method for controlling a tobacco leaf drying device according to claim 1, wherein the determining whether to control the electric auxiliary heating drying system to perform the tobacco leaf drying alone or to control the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heating drying system to perform the tobacco leaf drying simultaneously according to the outdoor environment temperature comprises
Acquiring the outdoor environment temperature;
judging whether the current outdoor environment temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump drying system;
when the outdoor environment temperature is lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump drying system, independently controlling the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves; and when the outdoor environment temperature is not lower than the lower limit temperature of the normal operation of the heat pump drying system, controlling the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves.
3. The control method of the tobacco leaf drying equipment according to claim 2, wherein in case that the heat pump drying system is judged to be normal, before the electric auxiliary heat drying system is controlled separately to dry the tobacco leaves, the control method further comprises
Judging whether a control instruction for starting a heat pump drying system is received or not;
if a control instruction for starting the heat pump drying system is received, simultaneously controlling the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves; if the control instruction for starting the heat pump drying system is not received, judging whether the control instruction for independently controlling the electric auxiliary heat drying system to dry the tobacco leaves is received;
if a control instruction for independently controlling the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves is received, the electric auxiliary heating drying system is independently controlled to dry the tobacco leaves, and if the control instruction for independently controlling the electric auxiliary heating drying system to dry the tobacco leaves is not received, the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heating drying system are not started to operate.
4. The control method of the tobacco leaf drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the individually controlled electric-assisted heat drying system performs the tobacco leaf drying, further comprising
In the initial stage of starting operation of the tobacco leaf drying equipment, starting a group of electric heating devices at set time intervals until all the electric heating devices are started;
in the drying and heating stage, the heating rate V of the temperature of the drying balls in the curing barn T-shaped dry ball Monitoring is performed to adjust the number of active sets of electric heating means.
5. The control method of the tobacco leaf drying equipment according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump drying system and the electric auxiliary heat drying system are controlled simultaneously to dry the tobacco leaves, and the method comprises the steps of
Controlling a heat pump drying system to start at the initial stage of starting operation of the tobacco leaf drying equipment;
in the stage of stabilizing temperature and humidity control, the temperature T of the dry balls in the curing barn is controlled Dry ball Monitoring to adjust the number of enabled groups of electric heating devices;
in the drying and heating stage, the heating rate V of the temperature of the drying balls in the curing barn T-shaped dry ball Monitoring is performed to adjust the number of active sets of electric heating means.
6. The control method of the tobacco leaf drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electric auxiliary heating drying system is preset with different duration T2-dry bulb temperature T corresponding to each tobacco leaf drying period Dry ball -a table of correspondence of number n of active groups of electric heating devices; the passing dry bulb temperature T in the curing barn Dry ball Monitoring to adjust the number of active sets of electric heating means, including
Obtaining the dry bulb temperature T in the curing barn Dry ball ；
Determining the current tobacco leaf drying period, and determining the preset duration T2-dry bulb temperature T corresponding to the tobacco leaf drying period according to the current tobacco leaf drying period Dry ball -mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating devices;
according to the preset duration T2-the dry bulb temperature T Dry ball Mapping of the number of active groups n of electric heating devices, as the dry bulb temperature T Dry ball After the same temperature range in the mapping relation reaches the corresponding duration t2, determining the starting group number n of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 2;
and adjusting the number of the active groups of the electric heating devices to the number n of the active groups of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 2.
7. The control method of the tobacco leaf drying equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that the temperature raising rate V is obtained by raising the temperature of the dry bulb in the curing barn T-shaped dry ball Monitoring to adjust the number of active sets of electric heating means, including
Continuously obtaining the dry bulb temperature T in the curing barn Dry ball Calculating the temperature rise rate V per unit time T-shaped dry ball ；
According to the preset duration t 3-the temperature rise rate V T-shaped dry ball Mapping of the number n of active groups of electric heating devices, as the rate of dry-bulb heating V T-shaped dry ball After the same temperature range in the mapping relation reaches the corresponding duration time t3, determining the starting group number n of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration time t 3;
and adjusting the number of the groups of the electric heating devices to the number n of the groups of the electric heating devices corresponding to the temperature range and the duration t 3.
8. The control method of the tobacco leaf drying equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that when the number of groups of the electric heating devices needs to be increased, the electric heating devices which are not started are sorted according to the accumulated running time length, and are started preferentially when the accumulated running time is short;
when the number of the electric heating devices needs to be reduced, the started electric heating devices are sorted according to the accumulated running time length, the electric heating devices are preferentially closed when the running time length is long, and the single group of electric heating devices are allowed to be closed after at least running for a set time length.
9. The control method of the tobacco leaf drying equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein when a plurality of groups of the electric heating devices are required to be activated, a group of the electric heating devices is activated at set time intervals until all the plurality of groups of the electric heating devices required to be activated are activated.
10. A tobacco leaf drying apparatus, characterised in that it employs the control method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN115574555B (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-02-20 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Control method for tobacco dryer unit and tobacco dryer unit |
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