CN115029493B - Method for improving air temperature of blast furnace hot blast stove - Google Patents
Method for improving air temperature of blast furnace hot blast stove Download PDFInfo
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- CN115029493B CN115029493B CN202210748804.4A CN202210748804A CN115029493B CN 115029493 B CN115029493 B CN 115029493B CN 202210748804 A CN202210748804 A CN 202210748804A CN 115029493 B CN115029493 B CN 115029493B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blast furnace hot blast stove air temperature lifting method, and belongs to the field of hot blast stoves. It comprises the following steps: 1. an external pressurizing system is newly added, and the hot blast stove is pressurized during the stove changing period of the hot blast stove; 2. adjusting and replacing a gas regulating valve of the hot blast stove to enable the gas regulating valve of the hot blast stove to input gas quantity higher than the original set value; 3. updating the automated operating system. According to the invention, through improving the structure of the hot blast stove system and matching with a unique pressurizing control method, the maximized pressurizing effect and the maximized air temperature lifting effect can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of hot blast stoves, and particularly relates to a blast furnace hot blast stove air temperature lifting method.
Background
At present, a blast furnace is generally provided with 3 or 4 hot blast stoves, wherein the 3 hot blast stoves generally adopt a two-firing one-feeding working system, and the single-furnace air feeding time is generally 45-60 minutes or longer; the 4-seat hot blast stove adopts a two-firing two-feeding working system, and the air feeding time of the two hot blast stoves is generally not less than 90 minutes (45 minutes for a single stove) or longer.
Because the furnace changing and pressurizing of the hot blast furnace is carried out by supplying air by a blast furnace blower, each time of the hot blast furnace changing and pressurizing, the fluctuation influence on the pressure and flow of the blast furnace blower can be brought. Therefore, for the blast furnace production, the longer the blast time is, the better the smaller the number of furnace changes is. For the hot blast stove, the longer the air supply time, the larger the heating capacity is needed, which results in the hot blast stove being built, and because the pressurizing and changing stove is directly influenced and restrained by the production of the blast furnace, the full cycle automatic operation of the hot blast stove is interrupted in the pressurizing and changing stove stage, and the semi-automatic operation such as the so-called automatic stove burning is generally only used, thus reducing the production efficiency.
In addition, when the hot blast stove group only has 3 hot blast stoves, and 1 hot blast stove needs to be maintained and only 2 hot blast stoves work, the hot blast stove group can only adopt a one-firing one-feeding working system, and the hot blast stove can not complete enough heat accumulation and heat exchange operation in the time allowed by the production of the blast furnace, so that the air temperature of a hot blast stove system can be greatly reduced, and the production cost of the blast furnace can be greatly increased. Because of the worry about the unusual but huge loss working condition, many users have to build 4 hot blast stoves, which not only increases the process investment, but also increases the energy consumption and the maintenance cost.
In order to solve the problem of air temperature, there is a technology that the working mode of the air blower is changed, namely, before the ' burning furnace ' changes to ' blowing air ', the air blower is switched from a ' fixed air blowing mode to a ' fixed air pressure blowing ' mode, and the air furnace is pressurized. The working mode is changed by controlling and adjusting the static blades of the fan through a program, so that the load of the fan can be increased, the margin of 15-20% is reserved for the large blast furnace fan, the working principle of the small blast furnace fan, namely the 'non-disturbance furnace changing' program, is the same, and the reserved margin is smaller. However, in any application scenario, these methods of adjusting the working mode on the blower may occupy a certain blower resource. When the hot blast furnace is pressurized by occupying fan resources, the blast furnace inlet wind pressure is inevitably caused to suddenly drop, so that the production of the blast furnace is greatly influenced, and a series of problems such as sharp and suspended materials of the blast furnace can be possibly caused. Although the influence can be reduced by constant pressurization with small flow, on one hand, the influence on the air temperature is unavoidable, and on the other hand, the pressurization time is longer because the pressurization flow is small, so that the burning time is shortened, and the air temperature is influenced.
The Chinese patent application number is: cn200510014060.X, publication date is: patent literature of 4 months and 28 days in 2010 discloses a non-fluctuation furnace changing method of a hot blast furnace, wherein cold air is adopted to charge the hot blast furnace in the combustion state through a pressure equalizing valve when the hot blast furnace is changed from the combustion state to the air supply state, and then hot air in the hot blast furnace is sent into a blast furnace through the cold air, so that the hot blast furnace enters the air supply state. In the invention, although the cold air source for pressurizing the hot blast stove comes from an independent compressed air bag, so that cold air pressure fluctuation caused by the common use of cold air in air supply and pressurization is avoided, the specific detailed pressurizing control method steps are not disclosed, and the maximized pressurizing effect and the maximum promotion of the air temperature are difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problem that the maximized pressurizing effect and the maximized lifting of the air temperature are difficult to realize by the existing hot blast stove pressurizing method, the invention provides the blast temperature lifting method of the blast furnace hot blast stove.
2. Technical proposal
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The blast furnace hot blast stove air temperature lifting method comprises the following steps:
1. an external pressurizing system is newly added, and the hot blast stove is pressurized during the stove changing period of the hot blast stove;
2. adjusting and replacing a gas regulating valve of the hot blast stove to enable the gas regulating valve of the hot blast stove to input gas quantity higher than the original set value;
3. updating the automated operating system.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the external pressurizing system comprises an air compressor, a high-pressure air tank and a valve group; the air compressor is used for pressurizing the high-pressure air tank, the high-pressure air tank is connected with the hot blast stove through a pressurizing pipeline, and the valve group is arranged on the pressurizing pipeline.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the specific process of the third step is as follows: before pressurizing the hot blast stove, pressurizing the hot blast stove to the high pressure gas tank to make the pressure in the high pressure gas tank reach 1.2-3 times of the set cold blast pressure of the hot blast stove; when the hot blast stove is pressurized, the valve group is opened to start pressurizing until the pressure in the hot blast stove reaches a set cold air pressure value, the valve group is closed, the cold air valve and the hot air valve are opened, and the air supply stage is started.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, before the hot blast stove is pressurized, the pressure in the high-pressure gas tank is increased to 1.5-2 times of the set cold air pressure of the hot blast stove.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the pressurization is carried out according to a fixed pressure difference during the pressurization.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the device also comprises the following working adjustment systems: when the blast furnace is in a 'two-firing one-feeding' working mode, the air feeding time is shortened and the input quantity of the firing gas is increased.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the device also comprises the following working adjustment systems: when the blast furnace is in a 'one-firing one-feeding' working mode, the firing time is prolonged and the input quantity of the firing gas is increased.
In the second step, the gas regulating valve of the hot blast stove can input 30% -100% of gas quantity higher than the original set value.
In the second step, the gas regulating valve of the hot blast stove can input 30% -80% of gas quantity higher than the original set value.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the number of the external pressurizing systems is matched with that of the hot blast stoves.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the blast furnace air temperature lifting method of the blast furnace provided by the invention can thoroughly eliminate the fluctuation of the wind pressure and the wind quantity of blast furnace blast caused by the furnace changing of the blast furnace, is beneficial to the stable furnace condition and the stable yield and the smooth yield of the blast furnace, is provided with a unique pressurizing control method, and is beneficial to the yield increase of the blast furnace by considering the prior blast furnace capacity, adjusting the working system and increasing the gas supply quantity so as to lift the blast temperature of the blast furnace, improving the working efficiency, and the blower is not required to be used for pressurizing the blast furnace, improving the blast furnace blast capacity and being beneficial to the yield increase of the blast furnace;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional cold blast charging system of a blast furnace hot blast stove;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an external high-pressure gas tank pressurizing system of the blast furnace hot blast stove;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a process flow of the blast furnace hot blast stove (3 seats);
in the figure: 1. a blast furnace; 2. hot blast stove; 3. a blower; 4. a cold air equalizing valve; 5. a hot air valve; 6. an air compressor; 7. a high pressure gas tank; 8. and a valve group.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. While these exemplary embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, it is to be understood that other embodiments may be realized and that various changes to the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The following more detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely illustrative and not limiting of the invention's features and characteristics in order to set forth the best mode of carrying out the invention and to sufficiently enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is limited only by the attached claims.
Examples
A blast furnace hot blast furnace air temperature lifting method is used for improving the air temperature of hot air fed into a blast furnace during the furnace changing period of the hot blast furnace in the blast furnace production, and the steps are described in detail below.
Before describing the air temperature raising method in this embodiment, a specific process of the existing blast pressurization will be further described:
as shown in fig. 1, the duty cycle of the conventional stove 2 is: furnace firing, furnace changing (pressurizing), air supplying, furnace changing (discharging), and furnace firing. Before the "burning furnace" is switched to the "air supply" mode, the pressure in the hot blast stove 2 is increased to the cold air pressure, so that the hot blast valve 5 can be opened. The pressure boosting mode in the furnace is that the air blower 3 is used for shunting the air heater 2 for pressurizing, when the pressure in the furnace is consistent with the pressure of cold air, the hot air valve 5 is opened, and the air heater changes the working mode into 'air supply'.
According to the working mode, when the air blower 3 is used for shunting and pressurizing the hot blast stove, the air quantity and the air pressure of the air blown by the blast furnace 1 are fluctuated, the fluctuation of the air blowing is unfavorable for the smooth and stable production of the blast furnace 1, and suspended materials are easy to be caused, so that the requirement of the production of the blast furnace 1 on the hot blast stove 2 is that the smaller the number of times of changing the stove is, the better. In the limit, when the production of the blast furnace 1 is not in sequence, the blast fluctuation is not expected, the blast time of the hot blast furnace 2 is prolonged excessively, the normal furnace burning heat storage process is disturbed, and the wind temperature is reduced. Even if the conditions do not exist, in order to reduce the fluctuation of the pressurizing blast as much as possible and reduce the damage to the pipeline and the lining of the hot blast stove 2 caused by the pressurizing of high pressure difference (cold air pressure-burning furnace pressure), the pressurizing is performed at a small flow rate, so that the pressurizing time is longer, the burning furnace time is shortened, and the air temperature is influenced.
The specific steps of this embodiment are described below:
1. as shown in fig. 2, an external pressurizing system is added on the basis of the existing working structure of the hot blast stove 2, and the hot blast stove 2 is pressurized instead of the blower 3 during the stove changing of the hot blast stove 2. The external pressurizing system comprises an air compressor 6, a high-pressure air tank 7 and a valve group 8, wherein the air compressor 6 is used for pressurizing the high-pressure air tank 7, the high-pressure air tank 7 is connected with the hot blast stove 2 through a pressurizing pipeline, and the valve group 8 is arranged on the pressurizing pipeline. The valve block 8 includes a pressure regulating valve and a switching valve, and regulates and controls the pressurizing process.
2. The gas regulating valve of the hot blast stove 2 is adjusted and replaced, so that the gas regulating valve of the hot blast stove 2 can input 30% -100% of gas quantity higher than the original set value, and the preferable range is 30% -80%.
3. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1. before pressurizing the hot blast stove 2, pressurizing the high pressure gas tank 7 to make the pressure in the high pressure gas tank 7 reach 1.2-3 times, preferably 1.5-2 times, the pressure of the cold blast set by the hot blast stove 2, and under this condition, the size of the high pressure gas tank 7 can be kept small.
2. When the hot blast stove 2 is pressurized, the valve group 8 is opened and the pressurization is started according to the fixed pressure difference until the pressure in the hot blast stove 2 reaches the set cold air pressure value, the valve group 8 is closed, the cold air valve 4 and the hot air valve 5 are opened, and the air supply stage is started. The pressure is increased by a certain pressure difference, so that the pressure increasing time can be shortened by more than 50% on the premise of not damaging the lining of the hot blast stove 2.
3. After entering the air supply stage, the air compressor 6 starts to repeat the operation of step 1 until the pressure in the high-pressure air tank 7 reaches the design value, and when the other hot blast stove needs to be changed, the system restarts the pressurizing operation according to the program.
In the furnace changing and pressurizing process of the hot blast stove 2, the cold air equalizing valve 4 and the cold air equalizing pipeline of the original system are not used. That is, the blast furnace fan 3 of the original system does not charge the hot blast furnace 2 through the cold air equalizing valve 4 during the whole process of the furnace exchanging operation of the hot blast furnace group 2, so that the wind pressure and the wind quantity of the blast furnace fan do not change, and the problem of fluctuation of the blast furnace fan does not occur. Therefore, on this basis, the present embodiment can implement an adjustment system for increasing the air temperature.
With reference to fig. 3, an operation flow of raising the air temperature of the air supplied by the hot blast stove is described:
under the existing burning air supply working system, each hot blast stove provided with a hot blast stove group is respectively an A stove, a B stove and a C stove, and the working system of 'two burning one supply' is normally adopted, namely when the A, B stove is in burning, the C stove supplies air. Taking a C furnace as an example, when the air supply time of the C furnace reaches k (the final stage), the air temperature is t (namely the air supply temperature of the blast furnace), the C furnace is changed, the air supply period is changed from the air supply period to the burning period through pressure discharging, the burning time of the C furnace is h, the C furnace is changed after the burning is finished, the high-pressure air tank is used for pressurizing the C furnace, and the C furnace is changed into the air supply period after the pressurizing is finished; A. the B, C three stoves work circularly according to the above system, and two stoves are always used for simultaneous burning and one stove is used for supplying air.
The output heat of the hot blast stove calculated according to the air temperature t, the air supply time k and the cold air flow is Q O The input heat of the hot blast stove is Q I Heat loss of Q L Q is then O ＝Q I +Q L . Because the 'two-firing one-feeding' working mode is adopted, the firing time of the hot blast stove is generally longer than the air feeding time, namely h is more than k.
The wind temperature is improved through the adjustment of the following two working systems:
1. high air temperature operation by shortening air supply time
The system is mainly used for the situation that three hot blast stoves which work normally are in a 'two-firing one-feeding' working mode. Setting the output heat quantity of the hot blast stove to be Q when the existing air temperature t is maintained O When the temperature of the air is raised to t1, the output heat required by the hot blast stove is Q O 1, i.e. when t1 > t, Q O 1＞Q O . The air temperature of the hot blast stove is gradually reduced from high temperature during air supply, the corresponding air supply time is k1 when the air temperature is reduced to t1, and the corresponding air supply air temperature is reduced to t when the air supply time is prolonged to k. The hot blast stove is set to be changed when the air temperature reaches t1, the air temperature t1 is more than t, and the air supply time k1 is less than k.
As the air temperature is increased, the heat quantity required to be input into the hot blast stove is also more, namely Q I 1＞Q I The heat accumulation capacity of the hot blast stove is ensured to be enough, and the hot blast stove group can maintain higher blast air temperature t1. In practical situations, because the air supply time is shortened, the corresponding burning time h1 of the hot blast stove is shortened, namely h1 is less than or equal to h, but more coal gas is required to be input.
As described above, the condition for achieving the effect of raising the air temperature is to shorten the air supply time (k 1 < k) and increase the input amount of the combustion gas, thereby increasing the input heat (Q) I 1＞Q I ). However, the operation of adjusting the working system of the hot blast stove does not affect the production of the blast furnace only when the hot blast stove is pressurized without the participation of a blower, so the pressurizing control method of the embodiment is a basis for realizing the adjustment of the working system.
2. High-wind-temperature operation is realized by prolonging the burning time
The system is mainly used for the situation that one of the three hot blast stoves is being maintained and the blast furnace is in a 'one-firing one-feeding' working mode. For example, when furnace a is maintained and only furnace B and furnace C are operated, furnace B firing time is set to h2, furnace changing time w, furnace C is blown in time k2, h2+w=k2. In the conventional process, if the working system of 'one firing one feeding' is adopted, because the hot blast stove cannot input enough heat in a short time h2, the results of greatly reduced air temperature (generally lower than 1000 ℃) and rapid increase of the production cost of the blast furnace are difficult to avoid.
In order to achieve the basic air temperature t2 (generally more than or equal to 1050 ℃) required by maintaining the blast furnace production, the hot blast stove needs to increase the gas supply quantity and the input heat Q at first I 2. According to calculation, the gas flow rate can reach 1.5 times or higher (generally in the range of 1.3-2.0 times) of the gas flow rate when a two-firing one-feeding working system is normally adopted, and the firing time h2 is prolonged, so that the heat required by the hot blast stove can be met. Of course, when the stove is burned according to the above requirement, the air supply time k2 will be affected accordingly, so the above adjustment of the stove working system can be performed only when the stove is pressurized without the participation of the blower, and therefore, the pressurizing control method of the present embodiment is the basis for realizing the adjustment working system.
As described above, only when the blower is released in advance to participate in the pressurization of the hot blast stove, it is possible to raise the air temperature by adjusting the working system (the burning time and the air supply time) of the hot blast stove and the gas supply amount during the burning of the hot blast stove, and therefore, the pressurization mode of the high pressure gas tank is used to replace the conventional pressurization mode of the blower, which is the first step to achieve the effect of the present invention.
The overall firing process of this embodiment in different operation modes will be described below.
When the hot blast stove is changed from the 'burning stove' to the 'air supply', the external high-pressure air tank charges the hot blast stove, and the hot blast stove is switched into the 'air supply' after the charging is completed. In the mode, when the hot air furnace group needs to raise the air temperature, the hot air furnace system still works in the original mode, and each hot air furnace is still in the modes of 'burning furnace', 'changing furnace (pressurizing) →' supplying air ',' changing furnace (discharging pressure) → 'burning furnace', and the air temperature is raised by adopting a first work adjustment system, namely, the air supply time is shortened, the gas supply quantity during the burning of the hot air furnace is increased, so that the input heat quantity of the hot air furnace is increased, and the aim of raising the air temperature is fulfilled.
When the hot air furnace group can only adopt a one-firing one-feeding working mode, each hot air furnace still adopts a one-firing one-feeding working mode, namely a furnace changing (pressurizing), a blowing one, a furnace changing (discharging pressure), and a furnace firing working mode, and the air temperature is improved by adopting a working adjustment system II, namely the furnace firing time is prolonged, the gas supply quantity of the hot air furnace during the firing period is greatly improved, so that the hot air furnace maintains basic input heat, the aim that the basic air temperature meets basic requirements of blast furnace production is fulfilled, and the blast furnace production cost is prevented from increasing greatly.
The examples of the present invention are merely for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the spirit and scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should make various changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The blast furnace hot blast stove air temperature lifting method comprises the following steps:
1. an external pressurizing system is newly added to pressurize the hot blast stove (2) during the stove changing period of the hot blast stove (2);
2. the gas regulating valve of the hot blast stove (2) is regulated and replaced, so that the gas regulating valve of the hot blast stove (2) can input 30% -100% of gas quantity higher than the original set value;
3. updating an automated operating system;
before pressurizing the hot blast stove (2), pressurizing the inside of the high-pressure gas tank (7) to enable the pressure in the high-pressure gas tank (7) to reach 1.5-2 times of the set cold air pressure of the hot blast stove (2); when the hot blast stove (2) is pressurized, the valve group (8) is opened to start pressurizing until the pressure in the hot blast stove (2) reaches a set cold air pressure value, the valve group (8) is closed, the cold air valve (4) and the hot air valve (5) are opened, and the air supply stage is started.
2. The blast furnace hot blast stove air temperature lifting method according to claim 1, wherein: the external pressurizing system comprises an air compressor (6), a high-pressure air tank (7) and a valve group (8); the air compressor (6) is used for pressurizing the high-pressure air tank (7), the high-pressure air tank (7) is connected with the hot blast stove (2) through a pressurizing pipeline, and the valve group (8) is installed on the pressurizing pipeline.
3. The blast furnace hot blast stove air temperature lifting method according to claim 1, wherein: and in the process of pressurizing, pressurizing is carried out according to a fixed pressure difference.
4. A blast furnace hot blast stove temperature lifting method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the system also comprises the following working adjustment systems: when the blast furnace (1) is in a 'two-firing one-feeding' working mode, the air feeding time is shortened and the input quantity of the firing gas is increased.
5. The blast furnace hot blast stove blast temperature lifting method according to claim 4, wherein: the system also comprises the following working adjustment systems: when the blast furnace (1) is in a 'one-firing one-feeding' working mode, the firing time is prolonged and the firing gas input quantity is increased.
6. The blast furnace hot blast stove air temperature lifting method according to claim 1, wherein: in the second step, the gas regulating valve of the hot blast stove (2) can input 30% -80% of gas quantity higher than the original set value.
7. A blast furnace stove temperature lifting method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: the number of the external pressurizing systems is matched with that of the hot blast stoves (2).
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Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2005179713A (en) * | 2003-12-17 | 2005-07-07 | Jfe Steel Kk | Method and facility for filling up pressure in hot stove in blasting of blast furnace |
| CN1888085B (en) * | 2005-06-27 | 2010-04-28 | 天津天铁冶金集团有限公司 | No-fluctuation hot blast stove converting method |
| CN103924021A (en) * | 2014-03-24 | 2014-07-16 | 上海金自天正信息技术有限公司 | Blast furnace and hot blast stove constant-pressure changing system and method thereof |
| CN105803146B (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2018-01-23 | 王长春 | A kind of independent hot-blast stove pressurising method and pressurizing device |
| CN215668074U (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2022-01-28 | 北京卡卢金热风炉技术有限公司 | Hot blast stove system with independent pressurizing device |
| CN113564294B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-06-28 | 郑州豫兴热风炉科技有限公司 | Efficient conversion device for non-fluctuation furnace change of hot blast stove and control method |
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