CN103525959A - Method for controlling air temperature of blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for controlling air temperature of blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN103525959A CN103525959A CN201310435436.9A CN201310435436A CN103525959A CN 103525959 A CN103525959 A CN 103525959A CN 201310435436 A CN201310435436 A CN 201310435436A CN 103525959 A CN103525959 A CN 103525959A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for controlling air temperature of a blast furnace. A multi-seat hot-blast stove is adopted to feed air to the blast furnace; the hot-blast stove for firstly feeding air is a leading furnace; the hot-blast stove for feeding air later is a trailing furnace. The method comprises the following steps: feeding air to the blast furnace by using the leading furnace; gradually opening a cold air branch pipe control valve of the trailing furnace when the air temperature of the leading furnace is reduced to the set temperature; mixing low-temperature hot air of the leading furnace with high-temperature hot air of the trailing furnace to achieve the set temperature, so as to feed air to the blast furnace; gradually closing a cold air branch pipe control valve of the leading furnace when the cold air branch pipe control valve of the trailing furnace is completely opened, mixing the low-temperature hot air of the leading furnace with the high-temperature hot air of the trailing furnace to achieve the set temperature, so as to feed air to the blast furnace; completely closing the cold air branch pipe control valve of the leading furnace when the air temperature of the trailing furnace is reduced to the set temperature, and feeding air to the blast furnace by using the trailing furnace, wherein the trailing furnace is the leading furnace at the next air supply stage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to blast furnace ironmaking field, relate in particular to a kind of method of controlling blast furnace air temperature.
Background technology
Iron work is the energy consumption rich and influential family of iron and steel enterprise, and in the total energy consumption of Iron and Steel Enterprises in China, ironmaking energy consumption accounts for 35%～40%.The Energy situation that China faces allows of no optimist again, therefore saves energy and reduce the cost and becomes the key subjects that we face, and iron and steel enterprise is all the more so.
High wind-warm syndrome operation is one of technical measures of intensification of smelting process in BF, and improving wind-warm syndrome is a good conservation measures.High wind-warm syndrome can be brought a large amount of physical thermals into, increases coal powder blowing amount, thereby plays the effect of the burnt consumption reduction of joint, and high wind-warm syndrome is also the energy that blast furnace is the most cheap, utilization ratio is the highest simultaneously.Therefore, use high wind-warm syndrome to improve blast furnace economic target is the direction that blast furnace man author constantly lays siege to always.Improve hotblast stove refractory materials material, improve hotblast stove equipment and optimize the technical measures such as stove operation, can improve wind-warm syndrome.But after hotblast stove equipment is determined, it is technical that raising wind-warm syndrome is mainly reflected in optimization stove operation, and particularly, along with the raising of blast furnace smelting technology level, blast furnace gas calorific value declines, and the difficulty that burning Single gas improves wind-warm syndrome is larger.
Along with the progress of blast furnace smelting technology and the maximization of blast furnace, in order to meet high wind-warm syndrome needs, most blast furnace configuration all the people present hotblast stoves.When blast furnace configuration all the people present hotblast stove, the independent air-supply of general employing " three burn send " or traditional crisscross parallel air-supply of " two burn two send ", traditional crisscross parallel air-supply has the burning air-supply ratio higher than independent air-supply, has therefore obtained general application.
Traditional crisscross parallel air-supply technology refers to that two hotblast stoves in parallel stagger respectively half air-supply period-interleaving to blast furnace air-supply, by opening mixed wind variable valve, mixes part cold wind, makes to send into the wind-warm syndrome all-the-time stable of blast furnace at the charging temperature of regulation.Traditional crisscross parallel air-supply technology does not regulate the air quantity by hotblast stove, the cold wind arm variable valve of each hotblast stove is all the time in fully open position, hotblast stove around the layout of blast furnace generally symmetrically, take and guarantee that the air quantity by each hotblast stove is 1/2nd of blast furnace total blast volume, the air quantity passing through is even, and the basic heat storage capacity of each hotblast stove is stable.
But, being accompanied by production-scale expansion, the layout that the newly-built and transformation of equipment is often difficult to guarantee a plurality of hotblast stoves is all the time symmetrically.And, in actual production, each hotblast stove is because overhaul is asynchronous or working condition is different, tend to cause each hotblast stove basis heat storage capacity uneven, its wind-warm syndrome horizontal capability of stove that heat storage capacity is high is not in full use, the stove that heat storage capacity is low can cause again Blast Temperature to reduce, thereby makes blast furnace air temperature fluctuation larger, is unfavorable for production energy-saving.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to optimize the pushing wind manipulation method of hotblast stove, according to the concrete situation of hotblast stove, take different air-supply time and air supply mode, make the heat energy of every hotblast stove all can be brought into play to greatest extent and utilize, thus improve blast furnace enter stove wind-warm syndrome.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of method of controlling blast furnace air temperature, adopt many hotblast stoves to blow to blast furnace, wherein, the hotblast stove that first drops into air-supply is stove in advance, and the hotblast stove that rear input is blown is rear row stove, said method comprising the steps of: utilize stove in advance to blow to blast furnace; When the wind-warm syndrome of stove drops to design temperature in advance, open gradually the cold wind arm variable valve of rear row stove, make in advance the low temperature hot blast of stove and the high-temperature hot-air of rear row stove mix and reach design temperature to blow to blast furnace; When the cold wind arm variable valve of rear row stove is opened completely, close gradually the cold wind arm variable valve of stove in advance, make in advance the low temperature hot blast of stove and the high-temperature hot-air of rear row stove mix and reach design temperature to blow to blast furnace; When the wind-warm syndrome of rear row stove drops to design temperature, close the cold wind arm variable valve of stove in advance completely, after utilizing, row stove is blown to blast furnace, and described rear row stove is the stove in advance in next air-supply stage.
According to embodiments of the invention, the air-supply time of described many hotblast stoves is incomplete same.
According to embodiments of the invention, the air-supply time of every hotblast stove in described many hotblast stoves can be determined according to the working of a furnace, layout and basic heat storage capacity.
According to embodiments of the invention, described design temperature can be higher than blast furnace air temperature.
According to embodiments of the invention, described many hotblast stoves can all not need to open mixed wind variable valve and sneak into cold wind.
According to embodiments of the invention, the air supply mode that described many hotblast stoves can comprise all the people present and adopt two burnings two to send.
According to embodiments of the invention, can adopt PID control techniques to control the cold wind arm variable valve of described many hotblast stoves.
The method of control blast furnace air temperature provided by the invention, compare with traditional crisscross parallel air-supply method the air-supply time that has extended hotblast stove with independent air-supply method, heat storage capacity and the thermo-efficiency of hotblast stove have been improved, in the mode of suiting measures to local conditions, the potential of every hotblast stove is performed to maximization, be particularly suitable for working of a furnace difference, the inhomogeneous symmetry of layout or the nonsynchronous hotblast stove of overhaul.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By the description of embodiment being carried out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, above and other object of the present invention and feature will become apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows blast funnace hot blast stove plot plan according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the PID control block diagram of hot-blast stove cold air blast arm variable valve according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below, with exemplary embodiment, the present invention is described further by reference to the accompanying drawings, yet the present invention is not limited to this.
The invention provides a kind of method of controlling blast furnace air temperature, adopt many hotblast stoves to blow to blast furnace, wherein, the hotblast stove that first drops into air-supply is stove in advance, the hotblast stove of rear input air-supply is rear row stove, said method comprising the steps of: utilize stove in advance to blow to blast furnace; When the wind-warm syndrome of stove drops to design temperature in advance, open gradually the cold wind arm variable valve of rear row stove, make in advance the low temperature hot blast of stove and the high-temperature hot-air of rear row stove mix and reach design temperature to blow to blast furnace; When the cold wind arm variable valve of rear row stove is opened completely, close gradually the cold wind arm variable valve of stove in advance, make in advance the low temperature hot blast of stove and the high-temperature hot-air of rear row stove mix and reach design temperature to blow to blast furnace; When the wind-warm syndrome of rear row stove drops to design temperature, close the cold wind arm variable valve of stove in advance completely, after utilizing, row stove is blown to blast furnace, and described rear row stove is the stove in advance in next air-supply stage.
Fig. 1 shows blast funnace hot blast stove plot plan according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, all the people present's hotblast stove 1# stove, 2# stove, 3# stove and 4# stove are jointly to the air-supply of blast furnace (not shown), and wherein the placement position of 4# stove is far away apart from other three hotblast stoves.Cold wind house steward 101 is positioned at the rightmost of all the people present's hotblast stove, for sending into cold wind to hotblast stove.Combustion air house steward 102 and blast furnace gas main pipe 103 are positioned at the left side of 1# stove, 2# stove and 3# stove, the right of 4# stove, and the position of contiguous chimney, for providing the required combustion air of Combustion of Hot Air Furnace and blast furnace gas.Hot-blast main 104 is positioned at the below of all the people present's hotblast stove and extends to the right with blast-furnace tuyere and is connected.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, all the people present's hotblast stove is taked " two burn two send " mode.If 1# stove and 3# stove are all in ventilation state, and 1# stove is stove in advance, when the outlet wind-warm syndrome of 1# stove is consistent with set(ting)value, the cold wind arm variable valve 201 of 1# stove is in full-gear, 3# stove as its cold wind arm variable valve 203 of rear row stove in closing condition, now, by whole air quantity of stove 1# stove in advance, be blast furnace feeding air quantity, the air quantity by rear row stove 3# stove is zero.
As time goes on, the outlet wind-warm syndrome of stove 1# stove reduces gradually in advance, when the outlet wind-warm syndrome of 1# stove is during lower than set(ting)value, the cold wind arm variable valve 203 of row stove 3# stove after opening a little, make a small amount of cold wind be heated to temperature higher than set(ting)value by rear row stove 3# stove, then the low temperature hot blast that the hot blast valve 303 of opening 3# stove makes high-temperature hot-air in stove and 1# stove mixes hot-blast main 104 is interior, makes mixed wind-warm syndrome reach set(ting)value.Along with the prolongation of air-supply time, the outlet wind-warm syndrome of stove 1# stove further declines in advance, need to mix more high-temperature hot-air, drives gradually the cold wind arm variable valve 203 of large rear row stove 3# stove, and making progressively increases by the air quantity of 3# stove.After cold wind arm variable valve 203 standard-sized sheets of 3# stove, more progressively close the cold wind arm variable valve 201 of stove 1# stove in advance.In this regulate process, the total blast volume by two hotblast stoves is blast furnace feeding air quantity.
When the outlet wind-warm syndrome of rear row stove 3# stove is consistent with set(ting)value, cold wind arm variable valve 201 complete shut-downs of stove 1# stove in advance, close hot blast valve 301, open combustion air valve 401 and blast furnace gas valve 501, send into combustion air and blast furnace gas, stove 1# stove transfers state of combustion in advance, and rear row stove 3# stove originally changes stove in advance into, and another burned hotblast stove 2# stove enters ventilation state as rear row stove.Later according to 1 → 3 → 2 → 4 the stove order of changing, constantly repeat said process, remain two hotblast stoves in state of combustion and another two hotblast stoves in ventilation state.
The air-supply time that it should be noted that every hotblast stove in the present embodiment is not identical, can change flexibly according to the working of a furnace of each stove, basic heat storage capacity and blast furnace air temperature.For example, because 4# stove is far away apart from blast furnace, hot-blast main's pipeline is longer, and the heat losing in the process of heat air delivery is more, thus 4# stove while participating in air-supply its cold wind arm variable valve should open greatly as far as possible, the air-supply time should be shorter.Other three hotblast stoves are because build the age early, and furnace life is higher, and the cycle of overhaul and maintenance is relatively short, an if wherein hotblast stove overhaul, air supply mode can change " one burn two send " into, and changes stove order and be also not limited to the present embodiment, but can adopt any suitable order.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, described set(ting)value is blast furnace air temperature, yet the present invention is not limited to this, and described set(ting)value also can be a little more than blast furnace air temperature.Because when rear row stove changes ventilation state into by state of combustion, in order to make pressure in rear row stove reach the pressure of air-supply, must fill wind to rear row stove, just then can open cold blast valve, blow.Yet some accidentalia may cause heat exchange in stove of the cold wind that is filled with insufficient, cold wind has little time to be heated to sufficiently high temperature and from rear row stove, out enters hot-blast main, makes mixed wind-warm syndrome still lower than blast furnace air temperature.In order to be very difficult for this to happen, also can be when outlet of still wind-warm syndrome be not yet brought down below blast furnace air temperature in advance, even rear row stove enters ventilation state.
Fig. 2 shows the PID control block diagram of hot-blast stove cold air blast arm variable valve according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 2, the outlet wind-warm syndrome of hotblast stove is calculated by temperature sensor with the deviate e (k) that sets wind-warm syndrome.If e (k) absolute value is in the interval ε in dead band, P (k) value is output as 0, PID controller to keep exporting the state at upper a moment constant; If e (k) absolute value is outside the interval ε in dead band, P (k) value is output as e (k), and PID controller carries out computing according to instruction.According to two of deviate kinds of obtain manners, in air-supply process, the outlet wind-warm syndrome of hotblast stove constantly declines, and stove does not disconnect little until complete shut-down at air-supply the second half cold wind arm variable valve in advance, and its PID controls as positive interaction; Then row stove does not disconnect large until standard-sized sheet at air-supply first half term cold wind arm variable valve, and its PID controls as retroaction.
According to exemplary embodiment of the present invention, adopt 1 → 3 → 2 → 4 change stove order, when burned 1# stove enters ventilation state, 4# stove is stove in advance, now 1# stove is rear row stove, the outlet wind-warm syndrome of 1# stove is higher than setting wind-warm syndrome, and PID controller indicates the cold wind arm variable valve 201 of 1# stove not disconnect greatly in retroaction mode.When cold wind arm variable valve 201 standard-sized sheet of 1# stove, although its outlet wind-warm syndrome is still higher than setting wind-warm syndrome, but both deviates have entered in interval, dead band, PID controller keeps the cold wind arm variable valve 201 of 1# stove not change for full-gear, and the cold wind arm variable valve of 4# stove does not disconnect little simultaneously.When the outlet wind-warm syndrome of 1# stove is reduced to setting wind-warm syndrome, the cold wind arm variable valve complete shut-down of 4# stove, 4# stove transfers state of combustion to, and 1# stove changes stove in advance into, and burned 3# stove enters ventilation state as rear row stove.
Now, although the outlet wind-warm syndrome of 1# stove lower than setting wind-warm syndrome, the absolute value of e (k) is still in interval, dead band, it is full-gear that PID controller keeps the cold wind arm variable valve 201 of 1# stove.As time goes on, the outlet wind-warm syndrome of 1# stove constantly reduces, and when the absolute value of e (k) is greater than ε, PID controller does not disconnect little with the cold wind arm variable valve 201 of positive interaction mode instruction 1# stove.When the outlet wind-warm syndrome of rear row stove 3# stove is reduced to and sets wind-warm syndrome when consistent, cold wind arm variable valve 201 complete shut-downs of 1# stove, 1# stove transfers state of combustion to.In sum, by the cold wind arm variable valve to every hotblast stove, carry out PID positive interaction and reaction control, make the action of cold wind arm variable valve more accurate, control more reliable and more stable.
It should be noted that, because the working of a furnace of every hotblast stove is different, its air-supply time and outlet wind-warm syndrome are also not quite similar, and interval ε is not identical yet in dead band, PID controller can be carried out control process according to the feature of hotblast stove self, makes the heat storage capacity of every hotblast stove and thermo-efficiency perform to maximum.
Below in conjunction with concrete sample data, elaborate the present invention.
Wherein, be exemplified as air supply method of the present invention, comparative example 1 is independent air supply method, and comparative example 2 is traditional crisscross parallel air supply method.
1, heat storage capacity changes
The different air supply method contrasts of table 1
As can be seen from Table 1, when hotblast stove air-supply finishes then takes fire, dome temperature is now air-supply end temp; When Combustion of Hot Air Furnace finishes to transfer putting in blast, dome temperature is now putting in blast temperature.For independent air supply method, dome temperature when its air-supply finishes is obviously high than other two kinds of methods, proves that other two kinds of method regenerator temperature difference are larger, and heat storage capacity is larger.
Although the burning of vault is initial and finishing temperature, spent air temperture do not have too large variation, adopt gas-fired amount and the air capacity of hotblast stove after method of the present invention to increase about 1000m
3/ h, illustrates that the checker brick temperature difference of hotblast stove inside increases, and average wind-warm syndrome improves more than 30 ℃, and shortened combustion time nearly 1/3,1 times of air-supply time lengthening.
2, homogeneity
To the statistics of vault air-supply end temp in Table 2.
Each chimney arch top air-supply end temp of table 2 (℃)
| Air supply method | 1# stove | 2# stove | 3# stove | 4# stove | On average | Maximum deviation |
| Comparative example 1 | 1227 | 1217 | 1237 | 1231 | 1228 | 11 |
| Comparative example 2 | 1185 | 1181 | 1204 | 1209 | 1195 | 14 |
| Example | 1205 | 1201 | 1193 | 1189 | 1197 | 8 |
As can be seen from Table 2, under same air-supply order, method of the present invention can make the vault air-supply end temp of each hotblast stove more stable, average maximum deviation is reduced to 8 ℃ by 14 ℃, method of the present invention makes each hotblast stove that basic heat storage capacity is different all can stablize performance heat supply level, compares and has significant advantage with other two kinds of methods.
In sum, the present invention is not increasing checker brick weight, do not have to improve under the condition of the highest dome temperature, has increased main combustion period and has ended and the temperature difference of checker brick at the end on air, has improved heat storage capacity and the thermo-efficiency of hotblast stove.And, method provided by the invention need to not sneaked into cold wind by mixing wind tube completely when operation, simplified the maintenance burden of pipeline and valve, saved thermal energy source, make every hotblast stove give play to maximum thermal efficiency, when having improved blast furnace air temperature, also make wind-warm syndrome more stable, be specially adapted in actual production the uneven or nonsynchronous situation of overhaul of each hotblast stove working of a furnace.
The invention is not restricted to above-described embodiment, any those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible change and modification, so protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the scope being defined in claims.
Claims (7)
1. control a method for blast furnace air temperature, adopt many hotblast stoves to blow to blast furnace, wherein, the hotblast stove that first drops into air-supply is stove in advance, and the hotblast stove that rear input is blown is rear row stove, said method comprising the steps of:
Utilize stove in advance to blow to blast furnace;
When the wind-warm syndrome of stove drops to design temperature in advance, open gradually the cold wind arm variable valve of rear row stove, make in advance the low temperature hot blast of stove and the high-temperature hot-air of rear row stove mix and reach design temperature to blow to blast furnace;
When the cold wind arm variable valve of rear row stove is opened completely, close gradually the cold wind arm variable valve of stove in advance, make in advance the low temperature hot blast of stove and the high-temperature hot-air of rear row stove mix and reach design temperature to blow to blast furnace;
When the wind-warm syndrome of rear row stove drops to design temperature, close the cold wind arm variable valve of stove in advance completely, after utilizing, row stove is blown to blast furnace, and described rear row stove is the stove in advance in next air-supply stage.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein the air-supply time of described many hotblast stoves is incomplete same.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein the air-supply time of every hotblast stove in described many hotblast stoves is determined according to the working of a furnace, layout and basic heat storage capacity.
The method of claim 1, wherein described design temperature higher than blast furnace air temperature.
5. the method for claim 1, wherein described many hotblast stoves all do not need to open mixed wind variable valve and sneak into cold wind.
6. the air supply mode that the method for claim 1, wherein described many hotblast stoves comprise all the people present and adopt two burnings two to send.
7. the method for claim 1, wherein adopt PID control techniques to control the cold wind arm variable valve of described many hotblast stoves.
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| CN201310435436.9A CN103525959A (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2013-09-23 | Method for controlling air temperature of blast furnace |
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| CN201310435436.9A CN103525959A (en) | 2013-09-23 | 2013-09-23 | Method for controlling air temperature of blast furnace |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104498071A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-08 | 北票北塔油页岩综合开发利用有限公司 | Heating method of heat storage intermittent heating furnace during oil shale retort oil refining |
| WO2019042155A1 (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-07 | 武汉丰盈长江生态科技研究总院有限公司 | Plasma heating-based temperature regulation method and device for blast furnace hot air system |
| CN115386665A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-25 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for accurately controlling and adjusting 150-600 ℃ air temperature during blast furnace drying |
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| CN103293955A (en) * | 2013-05-17 | 2013-09-11 | 浙江大学 | Method for hybrid system modeling and coordinated optimization control of blast-furnace hot blast stove |
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Patent Citations (2)
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| CN85104443A (en) * | 1985-06-13 | 1986-02-10 | 冶金工业部包头钢铁设计研究院 | The control of Control of hot-blast of alter-parallel blasting from stove of blast furnace temperature |
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| 周兵华: "利用PID技术实现热风温度的控制", 《工业控制计算机》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104498071A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-08 | 北票北塔油页岩综合开发利用有限公司 | Heating method of heat storage intermittent heating furnace during oil shale retort oil refining |
| CN104498071B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-08-17 | 北票北塔油页岩综合开发利用有限公司 | The heating means of accumulation of heat intermittent-heating stove in oil shale retorting oil refining |
| WO2019042155A1 (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2019-03-07 | 武汉丰盈长江生态科技研究总院有限公司 | Plasma heating-based temperature regulation method and device for blast furnace hot air system |
| CN115386665A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-25 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for accurately controlling and adjusting 150-600 ℃ air temperature during blast furnace drying |
| CN115386665B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-07-28 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for accurately controlling and adjusting air temperature of 150-600 ℃ during blast furnace baking |
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Application publication date: 20140122 |