CN114337789A - Satellite-borne Ka frequency band high-speed data transmission system - Google Patents
Satellite-borne Ka frequency band high-speed data transmission system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a satellite-borne Ka frequency band high-speed data transmission system which comprises a solid-state memory, a data processor, a Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator, a traveling wave tube amplifier assembly, a duplexer, a waveguide switch matrix and a Ka frequency band ground-to-ground data transmission antenna. The satellite-borne data processing method comprises the steps of storing, rate controlling, framing, scheduling, encrypting, coding, modulating, frequency converting, amplifying and filtering satellite-borne load data, and then sending the satellite-borne load data to a ground station through a ground data transmission antenna. The invention adopts the design idea of combining frequency division multiplexing and polarization multiplexing, and the transmission quantity of the ground data is increased by multiple in unit time. Meanwhile, the effective time of satellite-ground link transmission is increased by utilizing the characteristic of double-station relay of the two-dimensional rotating antenna. The invention solves the problems that the low-orbit satellite transit time is short and the large-capacity load data cannot be transmitted to the ground in real time, can effectively improve the transmission efficiency between the satellites and the ground and reduce the requirement on the transmission time between the satellites and the ground.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system design for satellite on-orbit satellite-ground transmission, in particular to a satellite-borne Ka frequency band high-speed data transmission system.
Background
With the continuous development of the satellite field, the types and data volume of satellite loads are increasing day by day, and the pressure of downlink data transmission is also increasing. In order to download the data acquired and processed by the load to the ground, the satellite needs to establish a transmission link with a ground station, but because of the limitation of the orbit height of the low-orbit satellite, the time for transmitting the data between the visible range of each orbit passing through the ground station and the satellite-ground link which can be established is limited. In order to ensure the timeliness of satellite data to ground transmission, the downloading of load data of each orbit is completed in a limited time as far as possible. The traditional data transmission system cannot meet the transmission requirement of high-capacity downloading of satellite loads nowadays.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a satellite-borne Ka frequency band high-speed data transmission system, which adopts the design of a two-dimensional rotation polarization multiplexing double-station relay antenna. The task of rapidly transmitting large-capacity load data within the time that a limited satellite-ground link can be established is completed, the multiple increase of satellite-ground transmission data is realized, and the timeliness of satellite data transmission is improved.
In order to achieve the aim, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a satellite-borne Ka frequency band high-speed data transmission system is characterized by comprising a solid-state memory, a data processor, a Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator, a traveling wave tube amplifier assembly, a duplexer, a waveguide switch matrix and a Ka frequency band ground data transmission antenna;
the solid-state memory is used for recording, real-time transmission, file management and rate control of load data, and realizes quick reading and writing of two-dimensional data of space addresses and time indexes;
the data processor is used for receiving the data stream output by the solid-state memory, finishing data formatting, data encryption, coding and CRC (cyclic redundancy check), and simultaneously finishing 4-path high-speed ground data transmission and 2-path low-speed relay data transmission;
the Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator is used for receiving high-speed baseband data output by the data processor, performing scrambling, digital forming filtering, adaptive interpolation variable-speed filtering, 8PSK digital modulation and up-conversion to a Ka frequency band, and outputting a Ka frequency band modulation signal;
the traveling wave tube amplifier component amplifies the power of a low-level radio frequency signal sent by a Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator, meets the power requirement of the whole satellite-to-ground link transmission, and configures 4 modules and 4 frequency points to meet the transmission requirement of a ground 4 channel;
the duplexer filters the two paths of different-frequency radio frequency modulation signals and synthesizes one path of modulated signals into one path of modulated signals to be output;
the waveguide switch matrix is composed of waveguide switches, so that a high-power radio-frequency signal switching function is realized, and the requirement of channel selection is met;
after the Ka frequency band earth data transmission antenna receives radio frequency high-power signals, the signals can be converted into left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized radio frequency signals, polarization isolation of two paths of radio frequency signals is guaranteed, and the transmission requirement of a satellite-earth link is met.
In one possible implementation, the solid-state memory adopts a system architecture of memory pre-stage, high-speed serial interface, high-speed serial bus and distributed parallel processing to meet the single-channel high-speed data transmission processing requirement.
In a possible implementation mode, the Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator can adaptively receive baseband data with different rates, and adopts adaptive interpolation variable-speed filtering to realize 8PSK digital modulation with different rates, wherein the highest rate can reach 1.8 Gbps. Different rates of ground data transmission can be realized according to the load data condition.
In one possible implementation, the duplexer consists of a single-channel band-pass filter and a diverging rectangular waveguide. One end of the diverging rectangular waveguide is short-circuited and the other end is the output of the duplexer. The band-pass filter adopts a dual-mode band-pass filter formed by a TE113 mode circular waveguide resonator. Through the duplexer, frequency division multiplexing of radio frequency signals can be realized. The scheme is provided with the two duplexers, so that two paths of frequency division multiplexing radio frequency signals can be output simultaneously, and compared with the traditional system configuration, the data transmission rate can be doubled.
In one possible implementation mode, the system is designed and provided with two sets of Ka frequency band ground data transmission antennas, and a two-dimensional rotating mechanism is used for realizing a double-station relay function and increasing the receiving time of a ground station. Through polarization multiplexing, the double transmission of data quantity can be realized, and 4 paths of independent Ka frequency band high-speed data can be transmitted.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the solid-state memory of the embodiment of the invention can realize accurate access and quick read-write of second-level granularity time, and control the rate of externally outputting data according to the requirements of different working modes;
2. the Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator can adaptively receive baseband data with different rates sent by the data processor, realizes 8PSK digital modulation under different rates, and can reach the highest rate of 1.8 Gbps.
3. The duplexer of the embodiment of the invention can realize frequency division multiplexing of radio frequency signals of Ka frequency band, and the transmission rate is doubled;
4. the Ka frequency band earth data transmission antenna of the embodiment of the invention carries out polarization multiplexing on the basis of data transmission frequency division multiplexing, thereby realizing high-speed transmission of 4 paths of independent Ka frequency bands. Meanwhile, by using the design of a two-dimensional rotating mechanism and adopting a transmission mode of double-station relay, the transmission time of the satellite-ground link is effectively utilized, and the timeliness of satellite-ground data transmission is improved.
5. According to the satellite-borne Ka-band high-speed data transmission system disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the carrier wave adopts a 4-frequency point design, and the protection bandwidth and the filtering design are adopted between the two frequency points f1 and f3, f2 and f4, so that the clutter suppression requirement under frequency division multiplexing is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of a satellite-borne Ka-band high-speed data transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The invention is explained in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a specific system block diagram of a satellite-borne Ka-band high-speed data transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a solid-state memory, a data processor, a Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator, a traveling wave tube amplifier component, a duplexer, a waveguide switch matrix, and a Ka-band ground-to-ground data transmission antenna.
The invention provides a high-speed satellite-borne data transmission system, which is used for meeting the timeliness of satellite data transmission.
The invention provides a design scheme of a satellite-borne Ka frequency band high-speed data transmission system, which adopts a design scheme combining frequency division multiplexing and polarization multiplexing and combines a double-station relay working mode, thereby not only realizing the multiple increase of satellite-to-ground transmission data in unit time, but also increasing the ground transmission time. The invention solves the problem of low ground transmission efficiency of the traditional satellite Ka frequency band data transmission link. The data transmission subsystem realized by the invention can improve the transmission quantity of the load data of the satellite in each orbit, reduce the design pressure of the satellite in the arc section of the transit, and complete the task of quickly transmitting the high-capacity load data within the time that a limited satellite-ground link can be established.
The solid-state memory receives various load data, and schedules and multiplexes the load data into a data stream with a storage frame format, thereby realizing the functions of recording, replaying, recording and replaying and the like of the load data. The solid-state memory adopts 12 groups of distributed multi-core memory units, each group of memory units is provided with an independent FPGA as a processing core, 10 groups of memory units are used for working modes, 2 groups of memory units are used for redundancy backup, and the single-machine throughput rate and reliability are greatly improved. By adopting a space address and time index refined two-dimensional data management method, accurate access and quick reading and writing of second-level granularity time can be realized. The solid-state memory can realize the control of the output data rate according to different working modes of the data transmission system. The embodiment of the invention is provided with two solid-state memories to realize single-machine cold backup.
The data processor receives the storage frame data stream output by the solid-state memory by adopting a dual-redundancy cold backup design, rearranges the received storage frame format data according to the AOS format, and performs data encryption, coding and CRC (cyclic redundancy check). The data processor can complete 4-path high-speed ground data transmission and 2-path low-speed relay data transmission simultaneously.
The Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator receives a high-speed serial data stream from the data processor, carries out scrambling, digital forming filtering, adaptive interpolation variable-speed filtering, 8PSK digital modulation and up-conversion on the data stream to a Ka frequency band, and outputs the data stream to the traveling wave tube amplifier component. The embodiment of the invention is provided with four Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulators, and meets the requirement of 4-channel independent transmission.
The traveling wave tube amplifier component mainly comprises a traveling wave tube TWT and a traveling wave tube power supply EPC, and power amplification is carried out on Ka frequency band radio-frequency signals sent by a Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator so as to meet the requirement of space navigation space EIRP transmission. The embodiment of the invention is provided with 4 traveling wave tube amplifier assemblies which are matched with the modulator one to one, thereby realizing 4-frequency point and 4-channel independent transmission.
The duplexer consists of a single-channel band-pass filter and a branched rectangular waveguide. One end of the branched rectangular waveguide is short-circuited, the other end of the branched rectangular waveguide is the output of the duplexer, and the bandpass filter adopts a dual-mode bandpass filter formed by a TE113 mode circular waveguide resonator. The duplexer combines the two paths of pilot frequency data transmission modulation signals and outputs the combined signals, thereby realizing the doubling of the transmission rate. The embodiment of the invention is provided with two duplexers, and can simultaneously output radio frequency signals of two paths of combiners.
The waveguide switch matrix is composed of two waveguide switches, and signals output by the duplexer are switched to the ground data transmission antenna 1 or 2.
The earth data transmission antenna adopts a Ka frequency band polarization multiplexing two-dimensional rotating spot beam reflector antenna, and can carry out left-hand and right-hand circular polarization transmission on high-power microwave radio-frequency signals combined by the duplexer. The embodiment of the invention designs and configures two sets of two-dimensional ground data transmission antennas, meets the requirement of space navigation products on the backup of rotating parts, and can improve the reliability of system transmission. By setting the waveguide switch matrix and utilizing the polarization multiplexing characteristic of the ground data transmission antenna, the independent four-channel Ka frequency band data downloading of f1, f2, f3 and f4 of one set of ground data transmission antenna is realized.
Claims (9)
1. A satellite-borne Ka frequency band high-speed data transmission system is characterized by comprising: solid-state memory, data processor, Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator, traveling wave tube amplifier assembly, duplexer, waveguide switch matrix and Ka frequency band earth digital transmission antenna, wherein,
the solid-state memory is used for recording, real-time transmission, file management and rate control of load data so as to realize quick reading and writing of two-dimensional data of space addresses and time indexes;
the data processor is used for receiving the data stream output by the solid-state memory, finishing data formatting, data encryption, coding and CRC (cyclic redundancy check) so as to simultaneously finish 4-path high-speed ground data transmission and 2-path low-speed relay data transmission;
the Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator is used for receiving high-speed baseband data output by the data processor, performing scrambling, digital forming filtering, adaptive interpolation variable-speed filtering, 8PSK digital modulation and up-conversion to a Ka frequency band, and outputting a Ka frequency band modulation signal;
the traveling wave tube amplifier assembly is used for amplifying the power of a low-level radio frequency signal sent by a Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator, meeting the power requirement of the whole satellite-to-ground link transmission, and configuring 4 modules of 4 frequency points to meet the transmission requirement of a ground 4 channel;
the duplexer is used for filtering the two paths of Ka frequency band pilot frequency radio frequency modulation signals and synthesizing one path of output;
the waveguide switch matrix consists of waveguide switches and is used for realizing the Ka frequency band high-power radio frequency signal switching function and meeting the requirement of channel selection;
the Ka frequency band earth data transmission antenna is used for receiving radio frequency high-power signals and then can be converted into left-hand circularly polarized and right-hand circularly polarized radio frequency signals, polarization isolation of two paths of radio frequency signals is guaranteed, and the transmission requirement of a satellite-earth link is met.
2. The satellite-borne Ka-band high-speed data transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the solid-state memory adopts a system architecture of a memory front end, a high-speed serial interface, a high-speed serial bus and distributed parallel processing to meet the high-speed data transmission processing requirement; the solid-state storage adopts 12 groups of distributed multi-core storage units, each group of storage units is provided with an independent FPGA as a processing core, wherein 10 groups are used for a working mode, and 2 groups are used as redundant backups; the solid-state memory adopts a space address and time index refined two-dimensional data management method to realize accurate access and rapid reading and writing of second-level granularity time; the solid-state memory realizes the control of the output data rate according to different working modes of the data transmission system.
3. The satellite-borne Ka-band high-speed data transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the data processor adopts a plug-in board type structure, forms a redundant architecture of A or B dual-computer cold backup through 6 function boards, receives multi-rate solid memory output baseband data in a self-adaptive manner, completes functions of AOS framing, multiplexing, scheduling, routing, encryption, CRC coding and LDPC coding, and simultaneously realizes 4-way to ground high-speed data transmission and 2-way to relay low-speed data transmission.
4. The satellite-borne Ka frequency band high-speed data transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the Ka multi-mode high-speed digital modulator is configured by adopting a 4-frequency point 4 module to realize output of 4-channel high-speed modulation signals; the highest speed of the Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator reaches 1.8Gbps, and the ground data transmission with different speeds is realized according to the load data condition.
5. The satellite-borne Ka-band high-speed data transmission system according to claim 4, wherein the Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator adaptively receives baseband data of different rates, and adopts adaptive interpolation variable-speed filtering to realize 8PSK digital modulation of different rates; the Ka multi-system high-speed digital modulator realizes the ground data transmission with different rates according to the load data condition.
6. The satellite-borne Ka-band high-speed data transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the traveling wave tube amplifier assembly comprises a high-voltage power supply, a traveling wave tube, a high-power isolator and a load, and is used for performing power amplification on an input Ka-band modulation signal; the traveling wave tube amplifier component has the characteristics of wide frequency band, high linearity and high efficiency, and realizes the linear transmission of 8PSK modulation signals.
7. The satellite-borne Ka band high-speed data transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the duplexer comprises a single-channel band-pass filter and a diverging rectangular waveguide; wherein one end of the branched rectangular waveguide is short-circuited, and the other end is the output of the duplexer; the band-pass filter adopts a dual-mode band-pass filter formed by a TE113 mode circular waveguide resonator; and the transmission rate of the radio frequency signal is doubled by combining the duplexer.
8. The satellite-borne Ka frequency band high-speed data transmission system according to claim 1, wherein there are two sets of Ka frequency band ground data transmission antennas, and through a two-dimensional rotating mechanism, a double-station relay function is realized, the ground station receiving time is increased, and through polarization multiplexing, double transmission of data volume is realized, and 4 paths of independent Ka frequency band high-speed data are transmitted.
9. The satellite-borne Ka-band high-speed data transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the traveling wave tube amplifier module adopts a 4-frequency point design, and a protection bandwidth and a filtering design are adopted between two frequency points f1 and f3, f2 and f4, so that clutter suppression requirements in a frequency division multiplexing operating mode are met; the f1 and f3 modulation signals are combined, and the f2 and f4 modulation signals are combined and radiated to the ground through the right-hand polarization and the left-hand polarization of the data transmission antenna respectively.
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