CN114337546A - Low-phase-noise oscillator based on substrate integrated waveguide filtering hybrid network - Google Patents
Low-phase-noise oscillator based on substrate integrated waveguide filtering hybrid network Download PDFInfo
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- CN114337546A CN114337546A CN202111602729.2A CN202111602729A CN114337546A CN 114337546 A CN114337546 A CN 114337546A CN 202111602729 A CN202111602729 A CN 202111602729A CN 114337546 A CN114337546 A CN 114337546A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low-phase noise oscillator based on a substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network, which comprises a substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network, an active amplification unit and a loop phase modulation microstrip line, wherein the active amplification unit is connected with the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network; the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network comprises a top feed layer, a middle air substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity and a bottom metal structure; the in-phase input port of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is connected with the input end of the active amplification unit, the first output port of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is connected with the output end of the active amplification unit, the second output port of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is connected with the signal output port of the oscillator, the out-phase input port of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is connected with the matched load, and the loop phase modulation microstrip line is connected with the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network and the active amplification unit. The invention not only can effectively improve the quality factor and reduce the phase noise of the oscillator, but also can realize good impedance matching and compact circuit size.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave millimeter wave substrate integrated waveguide active devices, in particular to a low-phase noise oscillator based on a filtering function substrate integrated waveguide hybrid network.
Background
With the rapid development of the fifth generation mobile communication (5G) system, microwave and millimeter wave frequency band mobile communication systems with high integration and high data transmission capacity are receiving wide attention from all fields. The 5G communication technology has more spectrum resources, higher spectrum utilization rate and denser networking deployment. The oscillator is a core device in the communication system, and the performance of the oscillator directly determines the performance of the whole system. Among them, phase noise and circuit size are two key indicators of the oscillator. The traditional oscillators include a dielectric oscillator, a metal waveguide oscillator and the like, although the traditional oscillators have extremely high quality factors and obtain good phase noise characteristics, the oscillators have the problems of large volume and weight, difficulty in assembly and debugging and the like, and the miniaturization and integrated design of a planar circuit is difficult to realize. In order to solve the above problems, some oscillators of planar transmission structure are gradually receiving wide attention from various fields.
Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) is a novel planar transmission structure, and is widely used in various device designs because of its advantages of low loss, high quality factor, good shielding property, large power capacity, and easy planar integration. The SIW is far lower than the traditional metal waveguide in the aspects of weight, volume, processing cost, manufacturing period and the like, and particularly in microwave and millimeter wave frequency bands with higher frequency, the SIW can effectively solve the problems of high microstrip conductor loss and radiation loss, so that the caused signal transmission loss is smaller, the SIW is not sensitive to processing process errors, and external crosstalk signals are not easily introduced, thereby causing the rapid deterioration of system performance. Therefore, SIW is a powerful alternative to traditional microstrip and metal waveguide devices.
In recent years, SIW resonator-based feedback oscillators have been reported in the literature, and exhibit excellent phase noise performance. However, SIW oscillators suffer from two problems. On the one hand, it is difficult to realize an oscillator having low phase noise in a high frequency band, and thus a planar resonant unit having a higher quality factor needs to be constructed. On the other hand, a cascade coupler is often required in a loop of the feedback oscillator, which leads to a significant increase in the size of the oscillator circuit, and also introduces a large loss in the loop, which cannot meet the requirements of future miniaturization, integration, and integration communication systems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an oscillator based on a substrate integrated waveguide filter coupling network, which can simultaneously reduce phase noise and circuit size.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a low phase noise oscillator based on a substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network comprises the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network, an active amplification unit and a loop phase modulation microstrip line; the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network comprises a top feed layer, a middle air substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity and a bottom metal structure; the in-phase input port of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is connected with the input end of the active amplification unit, the first output port of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is connected with the output end of the active amplification unit, the second output port of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is connected with the signal output port of the oscillator, the out-phase input port of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is connected with the matched load, and the loop phase modulation microstrip line is connected with the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network and the active amplification unit.
Further, a top layer feed part of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network adopts a gap coupling structure.
Furthermore, the middle-layer air resonant cavity of the substrate integrated waveguide filtering hybrid network is square.
Further, a high-order mode in an air resonant cavity in the middle layer of the substrate integrated waveguide filtering hybrid network is set at the working frequency point of the oscillator.
Further, the active amplification unit includes an ultra-low noise transistor, an input/output matching circuit, and a bias circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the invention adopts the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network as the frequency selection unit and the matching network of the oscillator, and omits an extra cascaded coupler or power divider in a loop, thereby not only effectively reducing the circuit size and the loss, but also realizing the characteristic of low phase noise; the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network utilizes a high-order mode air substrate integrated waveguide cavity, and has higher quality factor value and lower insertion loss compared with other traditional micro-strip and substrate integrated waveguide circuits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network oscillator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional block diagram of a hybrid filtering network for substrate integrated waveguides in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an amplitude frequency response curve of a substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a phase noise plot of a substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network oscillator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
The embodiment discloses a low-phase-noise oscillator based on a substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network, as shown in fig. 1, comprising a substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network 1, an active amplification unit 2 and a loop phase modulation microstrip line 3. The substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network 1 comprises a top feed layer 4, a middle air substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity 5 and a bottom metal structure 6, and the three-dimensional structure is shown in fig. 2. The upper surface of the top feed layer comprises four feed ports, namely an in-phase input port 7, a first output port 8, a second output port 9 and an anti-phase input port 10, wherein the in-phase input port 7 is connected with the input end of the active amplification unit 2 through the loop phase modulation microstrip line 3, the first output port 8 is connected with the output end of the active amplification unit 2, the second output port 9 is connected with the signal output port of the oscillator, and the anti-phase input port 10 is connected with the matching load 11.
In a further embodiment, the lower surface of the top feed layer is provided with a slot coupling structure 17.
In a further embodiment, the middle air-substrate integrated waveguide cavity 16 is square and includes an array of peripheral metallized vias 18 and a hollowed-out dielectric portion. The high-order mode in the air substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity is set on the working frequency point of the oscillator.
In order to ensure that energy leaked from the through holes in microwave and millimeter wave frequency ranges is as small as possible, under the process of a planar printed circuit board, the distance d between the metallized through holes is usually selected to be 0.3-1mm, the distance p between the through holes is usually selected to be 0.6-2mm, and the side lengths of equivalent metal rectangular waveguide resonant cavities are respectively WeffAnd LeffIn the present invention, the side lengths of the air substrate integrated waveguide resonator 16 are W and L, respectively. When the resonant cavity is in the working condition of a higher-order mode, the resonant frequency can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein
And
denotes the resonant frequency of the higher-order mode, c denotes the propagation speed of light in vacuum, μrIndicating the relative permeability of the dielectric substrate，εrWhich represents the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate.
In the specific embodiment, the top dielectric substrate of the substrate integrated waveguide filter 180-degree hybrid network is Taconic TLY-5, the thickness is 0.508mm, the middle dielectric substrate is Taconic TLY-5, the hollowed dielectric part is replaced by air, the thickness is 1.016mm, and the bottom layer adopts a silver-plated aluminum structure, and the thickness is 5 mm. By utilizing the mechanism that the high-order mode air cavity has high quality factor and integrally designing the filter and the 180-degree hybrid network, the multifunctional device with high integration level and high quality factor is realized and is used for frequency selection, impedance matching and signal output in the design of the oscillator.
The active amplification unit, as shown in fig. 1, includes an active transistor (12), an input matching network (13), an output matching network (14), and 2 bias circuits (15). The active amplification unit is arranged on the top dielectric substrate, and in order to compensate the loss of a filter hybrid network serving as a frequency selection device, the gain required by a loop is provided so as to meet the starting oscillation condition that the amplitude is greater than 1 in the Barkhausen criterion.
According to the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network and the active amplification unit designed as described above, the oscillator in the present embodiment is implemented by using a parallel feedback topology. The length of the phase-shifting microstrip line (3) is adjusted to adjust the loop phase of the oscillator so as to meet the starting oscillation condition that the loop phase is equal to 0 degree or an integral multiple of 360 degrees in the Barkhausen criterion.
In the invention, a substrate integrated waveguide filtering hybrid network (1), an active amplification unit (2) and a phase modulation microstrip line (3) form a loop of a feedback type oscillator. Signals are amplified by the active amplification unit (2), input from a port (8) of the substrate integrated waveguide filtering hybrid network (1), output from a port (7) to a phase modulation microstrip (3) line after passing through the multifunctional frequency selection device to form a closed loop. When the oscillator satisfies the barkhausen criterion, i.e. the gain in the entire feedback loop is 1 and the phase satisfies 0 ° or an integer multiple of 360 °, the required oscillator signal is output from port (9).
FIG. 3 is a frequency response curve in this embodiment, where the oscillator output frequency is 10GHz and the output power is-0.5 dBm; the frequency of the second harmonic is 20GHz with an output power of-75.2 dBm. FIG. 4 is a phase noise plot for this embodiment, with a phase noise of-122.5 dBc/Hz at 100kHz off center and-142.6 dBc/Hz at 1MHz off center.
Claims (6)
1. A low phase noise oscillator based on a substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is characterized in that: the device comprises a substrate integrated waveguide filtering hybrid network (1), an active amplification unit (2) and a loop phase modulation microstrip line (3); the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network comprises a top feed layer (4), a middle air substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity (5) and a bottom metal structure (6); the in-phase input port (7) of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is connected with the input end of the active amplification unit (2) through the loop phase modulation microstrip line (3), the first output port (8) of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is connected with the output end of the active amplification unit (2), the second output port (9) of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is used as a signal output port of the oscillator, the reverse phase input port (10) of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is connected with the matched load (11), and the loop phase modulation microstrip line is connected with the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network and the active amplification unit.
2. The substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network based low phase noise oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: and a feed layer (4) of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network adopts a gap coupling structure.
3. The substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network based low phase noise oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: the air substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity (5) of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is square.
4. The substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network based low phase noise oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: the high-order mode of an air substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity (5) of the substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network is set at the working frequency point of the oscillator.
5. The substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network based low phase noise oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: the active amplification unit comprises an input matching circuit, a bias circuit, an ultra-low noise transistor, a bias circuit and an output matching circuit which are connected in sequence.
6. The substrate integrated waveguide filter hybrid network based low phase noise oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: the loop phase is adjusted by adjusting the length of the phase-shifting microstrip line (3), and the oscillation starting condition that the loop phase is equal to 0 degree or integral multiple of 360 degrees in the Barkhausen criterion is met.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114978041A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-30 | 大连海事大学 | 5G low-phase-noise oscillator based on enhanced group delay filtering technology |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114978041A (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-30 | 大连海事大学 | 5G low-phase-noise oscillator based on enhanced group delay filtering technology |
| CN114978041B (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2024-08-16 | 大连海事大学 | 5G low-phase noise oscillator based on enhanced group delay filtering technology |
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