CN114336021A - Broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband circular polarization substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array, which comprises an upper medium plate and a lower medium plate, wherein the top of the upper medium plate is provided with a metal patch super-structure surface array consisting of 2 multiplied by 2 sub-arrays, each sub-array is provided with 16 corner-cut microstrip patches, the top of the lower medium plate is provided with a metal floor, the center of the metal floor is etched with 4 strip-shaped gaps with symmetrical branches, the 4 gaps are sequentially and rotatably arranged, the bottom of the lower medium plate is provided with a microstrip feed power division phase-shifting network, and the feed line terminal of the microstrip feed power division phase-shifting network is connected with an SMA joint of 50 omega. The gain of the existing slot antenna is improved, the axial ratio bandwidth is widened, and the front-to-back ratio of the antenna is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waveguide antennas, and relates to a broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array.
Background
Circularly polarized antennas have found widespread use in wireless communication technology because of their significant advantages over linearly polarized antennas. These advantages include insensitivity to multipath reflections, suppression of polarization losses, immunity to ionospheric induced faraday rotation effects, and the like. There are many types of antennas for realizing circularly polarized radiation. The microstrip patch antenna is a typical circularly polarized antenna and has the advantages of light weight, low profile, convenience in manufacturing and the like. By cutting a specific angle of the rectangular patch, two orthogonal modes with 90 ° phase shift are excited, thereby generating circularly polarized radiation. However, the 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth of this type of antenna is generally narrow and cannot meet practical requirements, and in order to improve the axial ratio bandwidth, the Sequential Rotation (SR) technology is developed and widely applied.
In recent years, antenna performance has been improved. Extensive research has been carried out on super-surface structures, and these improvements include line-to-circular polarization conversion, spreading of impedance and axial ratio bandwidth, gain enhancement, and the like. However, the series feed microstrip network employs a multi-stage impedance transformer, and the modeling process is complicated. In addition, the influence of the radiation loss and the processing accuracy of the microstrip line cannot be ignored. Therefore, feeding using Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology is a good choice for circularly polarized antenna arrays.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array, which improves the gain of the conventional slot antenna, widens the axial ratio bandwidth and reduces the front-to-back ratio of the antenna.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array comprises an upper medium plate and a lower medium plate, wherein the top of the upper medium plate is provided with a metal patch super-structure surface array consisting of 2 multiplied by 2 sub-arrays, each sub-array is provided with 16 corner-cut microstrip patches, the top of the lower medium plate is provided with a metal floor, the center of the metal floor is etched with 4 strip-shaped gaps with symmetrical branches, the 4 gaps are sequentially and rotatably arranged, the bottom of the lower medium plate is provided with a microstrip feed power division phase shift network, and a terminal feeder line of the microstrip feed power division phase shift network is connected with an SMA joint of 50 omega.
The invention is also characterized in that:
two short branches are symmetrically loaded near the radiation zero point of the gap.
16 microstrip patches form a sub-array, the axial distances are the same, and circular polarization is formed.
The 4 unstructured surface sub-arrays are sequentially and rotatably arranged.
The gaps are located right below the superstructure surface subarrays, and the 4 gaps correspond to the 4 subarrays one by one.
SIW resonant cavities are distributed around each subarray unit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array improves the gain of the conventional slot antenna, widens the axial ratio bandwidth and reduces the front-to-back ratio of the antenna. And a multimode resonance theory is introduced, the bandwidth of the antenna is widened, the super-structure surface is positioned at the top of the radiation antenna, and the corner cutting unit forms linear circular polarization conversion. A broadband phase-shifting feed network is constructed by applying a sequential rotation technology, and the circularly polarized bandwidth of the array is improved. Meanwhile, the traditional slot antenna has larger backward radiation and more energy loss, and the broadband circular polarization substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array adopts the design of an SIW resonant cavity, thereby further improving the front-to-back ratio of the antenna.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sub-array structure in a wideband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna array according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the evolution of subarrays in a broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of the variation of the S parameter of the subarray in the broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array with the frequency according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the gain of the subarray in the broadband circular polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array with the frequency variation;
FIG. 5 is a comparison graph of the gain pattern with frequency change at 5GHz for the broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna array subarray of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a comparison graph of axial ratio of the subarray in the broadband circular polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array of the present invention varying with frequency;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a feed network in a wideband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna array according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph comparing the S-parameters of the feed network with frequency variation in the broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna array of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a wideband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna array according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a simulated actual measurement curve of the variation of S parameter with frequency in the broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a simulated actual measurement curve of axial ratio variation with frequency in the broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a simulated actual measurement curve of the variation of gain with frequency in the broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a simulated actual measurement curve of the E-plane pattern at 5GHz in the broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a simulated actual measurement curve of the H-plane directional pattern with frequency change at 5GHz in the broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array, which comprises an upper medium plate and a lower medium plate, wherein the top of the upper medium plate is provided with a metal patch super-structure surface array consisting of 2 multiplied by 2 sub-arrays, each sub-array is provided with 16 corner-cut microstrip patches, the top of the lower medium plate is provided with a metal floor, the center of the metal floor is etched with 4 strip-shaped gaps with symmetrical branches, the 4 gaps are sequentially and rotatably arranged, the bottom of the lower medium plate is provided with a microstrip feed power division phase-shifting network, and the terminal of a feed line of the microstrip feed power division phase-shifting network is connected with an SMA joint of 50 omega. Two short branches are symmetrically loaded near the radiation zero point of the gap. 16 microstrip patches form a sub-array, the axial distances are the same, and circular polarization is formed. The 4 unstructured surface sub-arrays are sequentially and rotatably arranged. The gaps are located right below the superstructure surface subarrays, and the 4 gaps correspond to the 4 subarrays one by one. SIW resonant cavities are distributed around each subarray unit.
The invention discloses a broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array, wherein a subarray of the array consists of two layers of dielectric plates and three layers of metal surfaces, 16 corner-cut microstrip patches are placed at the top of an upper layer of dielectric plate, a metal floor is arranged at the top of a lower layer of dielectric plate, a long strip-shaped gap with symmetrical branches is etched in the center of the metal floor, a microstrip feed line is arranged at the bottom of the lower layer of dielectric plate, and the terminal of the feed line is connected with a 50 omega SMA connector. The antenna is fed by the multimode slot antenna, two short branch sections are symmetrically added near the radiation zero point of the slot, an additional radiation mode is introduced, and the working bandwidth of the antenna is effectively widened.
The invention discloses an antenna formed by a broadband circular polarization substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array, wherein two Rogers 4003C dielectric plates with dielectric constants of 3.38 are adopted as the dielectric plates, and the thicknesses of the two Rogers 4003C dielectric plates are respectively H1And H2Dimension L of dielectric sheet1×L 116 corner-cutting microstrip metal patch units are arranged on the top surface of the upper dielectric plate, SIW resonant cavities are distributed around the metal units and have a diameter DsiwAt a distance of PsiwThe metal through hole is connected with the patch and the floor, the metal floor is positioned on the top surface of the lower dielectric slab, and no gap exists between the two dielectric slabs. The center of the metal floor is etched with a long strip-shaped gap with symmetrical branches, and the bottom of the lower dielectric plate is provided with a micro-strip feeder line. The antenna formed by the broadband circular polarization substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array adopts lateral feed, and has 1 feed port in totalThe wire termination was connected to a 50 Ω SMA contact.
The antenna formed by the broadband circular polarization substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array introduces a multimode resonance theory in a feed part, and widens the bandwidth of the antenna. Secondly, a super-structure surface is loaded on the top of the radiation antenna, a corner cutting unit forms linear circular polarization conversion, a sequential rotation technology is applied, a broadband phase-shifting feed network is constructed, and array circular polarization bandwidth is improved. Meanwhile, the traditional slot antenna has larger backward radiation and more energy loss, and the broadband circular polarization substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array adopts the design of an SIW resonant cavity, thereby further improving the front-to-back ratio of the antenna.
Fig. 2 is an evolutionary diagram design of an antenna consisting of two dielectric slabs fed by a multimode slot antenna, with a superstructure surface consisting of 4 x 4 corner-cut patch elements on top of the upper dielectric slab. On the basis of the antenna, a SIW resonant cavity is introduced at the periphery of the super-structure surface to form an antenna 2. From fig. 3 and 4, it can be seen that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna 2 has a small broadening (100MHz) in the low frequency part compared with that of the antenna 1, and the gain has a small increasing (about 0.2dBi), which means that the SIW cavity does not cause a large deterioration in the performance of the original antenna, while fig. 5 shows that the SIW cavity can effectively reduce the backward radiation and improve the front-to-back ratio of the antenna, where the SIW cavity effectively binds the energy of the super-structure surface, so as to reduce the energy loss and improve the gain of the antenna to some extent. Meanwhile, due to the radiation characteristic of the SIW resonant cavity, backward radiation is reduced, and the overall front-to-back ratio of the antenna is improved. It is worth noting that fig. 5 shows that although the antennas 1 and 2 both adopt the classical corner cutting unit to realize circular polarization, the band frame of circular polarization is very narrow, and only 350MHz (4.55-4.9GHz), in order to further increase the circular polarization bandwidth, the broadband circular polarization substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array of the present invention adopts the classical sequential rotation feed network to improve the circular polarization characteristics of the antenna array, and enhance the usability of the antenna.
The feed network and novel wideband transposer structure and performance parameters are detailed in fig. 7 by adjusting the transposer width W3And branch length L11And L12The phase shifter can realize the phase regulation in a wide frequency band. Fig. 8 shows the variation curve of S parameter and phase of the phase shifter with frequency, and it can be clearly seen that the phase difference is stabilized at 90 ± 3.5 ° in the whole operating frequency band, and the effect is very good. In order to verify the antenna performance, the antenna subarrays of the wideband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array are arrayed, the structure diagram of the circularly polarized antenna array is shown in fig. 9, the antenna array still comprises two layers of dielectric plates and three layers of metal surfaces, and the blue part is a feed network structure. The array element interval is D, and in order to improve the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna, the four sub-arrays are sequentially arranged in a rotating manner and fed by a feed network shown in fig. 7.
Fig. 10 shows a simulation test diagram of the variation of the S parameter with frequency, and it can be seen from the diagram that the simulated operating bandwidths of the antennas are respectively 1.9GHz (4.05-5.95GHz), and the measured bandwidths are 1.8GHz (4.15-5.95 GHz). The difference between the simulation result and the actual measurement result is mainly caused by machining errors and the quality of the welding seam. We note that the operating bandwidth of the array is somewhat increased compared to the S-parameters of the cells, which should be attributed to the effect of the feed network. FIG. 11 is a simulation diagram showing the axial ratio of the circularly polarized array varying with frequency, and the simulation operation bandwidths are respectively 1.25GHz (4.4-5.65GHz) and 1.3GHz (4.2-5.5 GHz). It can be clearly seen that, compared with fig. 6, the axial ratio bandwidth of the antenna is sufficiently broadened, which is a labor of the sequential rotation method, and the correctness of the sequential rotation method in improving the circular polarization performance is further verified, and the effectiveness of the broadband power division phase shift network of the broadband circular polarization substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array is also verified on the side surface. Fig. 12 shows a simulation actual graph of the variation of the gain with the frequency, and it can be seen from the graph that the simulation gain is relatively stable in the operating frequency band, the peak gain is 12.1dBi at 5.4GHz, and the similarity between the actual measurement gain and the simulation gain is relatively high. Fig. 13 and 14 respectively show simulated and actually measured directional diagram curves of the E-plane and the H-plane when the circularly polarized antenna array works at 5GHz, and it can be seen that the simulated and actually measured similarity is high, particularly the goodness of fit of the main lobe is good, and the difference mainly comes from the influence of the test environment and the processing error.
The invention discloses a broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array, which comprises two layers of dielectric plates and three layers of metal surfaces, wherein a metal patch super-structured surface array consisting of 2 multiplied by 2 sub-arrays is placed on the top of an upper layer of dielectric plate, each sub-array is provided with 16 corner-cut microstrip patches which are distributed in a 4 multiplied by 4 mode, a metal floor is arranged on the top of a lower layer of dielectric plate, 4 elongated slots with symmetrical branches are etched in the center of the metal floor, the 4 slots are sequentially and rotatably placed, each slot is positioned right below the sub-array on the super-structured surface, a microstrip feed power division phase-shifting network is arranged at the bottom of the lower layer of dielectric plate, and a feed line terminal is connected with an SMA joint of 50 omega. The gain of the traditional slot antenna is improved, the axial ratio bandwidth is widened, and the front-to-back ratio of the antenna is reduced. And a multimode resonance theory is introduced, the bandwidth of the antenna is widened, the super-structure surface is positioned at the top of the radiation antenna, and the corner cutting unit forms linear circular polarization conversion. A broadband phase-shifting feed network is constructed by applying a sequential rotation technology, and the circularly polarized bandwidth of the array is improved. Meanwhile, the traditional slot antenna has larger backward radiation and more energy loss, and the broadband circular polarization substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array adopts the design of an SIW resonant cavity, thereby further improving the front-to-back ratio of the antenna.
Claims (6)
1. The broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity antenna array is characterized by comprising an upper medium plate and a lower medium plate, wherein the top of the upper medium plate is provided with a metal patch super-structure surface array consisting of 2 multiplied by 2 sub-arrays, each sub-array is provided with 16 corner-cut microstrip patches, the top of the lower medium plate is provided with a metal floor, the center of the metal floor is etched with 4 strip-shaped gaps with symmetrical branches, the 4 gaps are sequentially and rotatably arranged, the bottom of the lower medium plate is provided with a microstrip feed power distribution phase-shifting network, and a feed line terminal of the microstrip feed power distribution phase-shifting network is connected with a 50 omega SMA connector.
2. The broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna array of claim 1, wherein two stubs are symmetrically loaded near the radiation zero of the slot.
3. The broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna array of claim 1, wherein 16 of said microstrip patches form a sub-array with equal axial distance to form a circular polarization.
4. The wideband circularly polarized substrate-integrated waveguide resonator antenna array according to claim 1, wherein 4 of said metamaterial surface sub-arrays are sequentially rotated.
5. The broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna array of claim 1, wherein said slots are located directly below a superstructure surface sub-array, and 4 of said slots correspond one-to-one to 4 sub-arrays.
6. The wideband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide resonator antenna array of claim 1, wherein SIW resonators are distributed around each of said sub-array elements.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115173051A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-11 | 曲阜师范大学 | Broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna array |
| CN115173068A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-10-11 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide horn antenna array and wireless communication equipment |
| CN115347359A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-15 | 曲阜师范大学 | Broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array |
| GB2624105A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-05-08 | Novocomms Ltd | Meta-surface reconfigurable antenna array |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115173068A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-10-11 | 华南理工大学 | Broadband circularly polarized substrate integrated waveguide horn antenna array and wireless communication equipment |
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| CN115347359A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-15 | 曲阜师范大学 | Broadband high-gain circularly polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna array |
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| GB2624105A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2024-05-08 | Novocomms Ltd | Meta-surface reconfigurable antenna array |
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