CN112310663B - Broadband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna based on multi-mode resonance - Google Patents

Broadband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna based on multi-mode resonance Download PDF

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CN112310663B
CN112310663B CN202010988438.0A CN202010988438A CN112310663B CN 112310663 B CN112310663 B CN 112310663B CN 202010988438 A CN202010988438 A CN 202010988438A CN 112310663 B CN112310663 B CN 112310663B
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short
circuit component
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patch
rectangular radiation
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CN112310663A (en
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刘能武
梁宇栋
祝雷
傅光
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Xidian University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/04—Multimode antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/10—Resonant antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/321—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors within a radiating element or between connected radiating elements

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Abstract

The invention provides a multimode resonance-based broadband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna, which comprises a rectangular radiation patch, a dielectric layer and a ground plate which are sequentially stacked; the device also comprises a coaxial probe; a first short-circuit component group, a second short-circuit component group and a third short-circuit component group are respectively loaded between the rectangular radiation patch and the grounding plate; the first short-circuit component group is positioned beside the edge of one short side of the rectangular radiation patch; the second short-circuit component groups are provided with two groups and are respectively positioned on two corners beside the other short side of the rectangular radiation patch; the third short-circuiting member set is positioned between the first short-circuiting member set and the second short-circuiting member set; the connection point between the coaxial probe and the rectangular radiation patch is positioned between the first short-circuit component group and the third short-circuit component group and deviates from the symmetry axis of the rectangular radiation patch. The patch antenna realizes the characteristics of low profile, double-frequency multi-beam and bandwidth enhancement, and the gain directional diagram is relatively stable in distribution and stable in working performance.

Description

Broadband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna based on multi-mode resonance
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of patch antennas, in particular to a broadband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna based on multimode resonance.
Background
Microstrip patch antennas have received much attention because of their small profile, light weight, wide signal coverage, and the like. In modern wireless communications, there is an increasing demand for antennas having single-beam and dual-beam modes. At present, the method for realizing multi-beam at home and abroad mainly comprises the following steps: in the form of an array antenna in a single band, using reconfigurable technology and loading a frequency selective surface in dual bands. When in the form of an array antenna, the antenna can alternately form a single beam and a dual beam by selecting the input ports of the feed network, but in this design, the introduced feed network increases the complexity of the antenna design and implementation and must be made up of multiple antenna elements. When the frequency selective surface is loaded, single beam and dual beam modes can be realized in dual bands, however, in this design, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is narrow, the application of the antenna is limited, and the thickness of the antenna does not satisfy the ultra-low profile characteristic.
In the prior art, a hybrid multi-beam antenna is provided, which comprises a low-frequency conventional beam antenna array and a high-frequency dual-beam antenna array which are nested with each other, miniaturization is realized in a nested manner, the antenna array is divided into two ports with different working frequency bands by using a duplexer, the realized working frequency bands are 694MHz to 960MHz and 1695MHz to 2690MHz respectively, a conventional beam can be formed in the low-frequency band, and a dual beam can be formed in the high-frequency band. The broadband mixed multi-beam array antenna comprises a single-beam system and a multi-beam system, and can enable the multi-beam system and the single-beam system to work in the same frequency band through a plurality of feed networks and two beam forming networks, so that the aim of broadband mixed multi-beam is fulfilled. However, the above two antennas have the defects of large size, high section, complex feed network, multiple units and the like.
In summary, the problems of the existing multi-beam antenna are as follows: narrow bandwidth, high profile, multiple cells, complex design, etc., which further hinders practical application of the antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a low-profile patch antenna with multifunctional beam and bandwidth enhancement effects is designed.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a broadband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna based on multi-mode resonance comprises a rectangular radiation patch, a dielectric layer and a ground plate which are sequentially stacked; the coaxial probe is used for feeding power to the rectangular radiation patch; a TM for enabling the TM to be loaded between the rectangular radiation patch and the grounding plate1/2,1First short-circuiting member group for realizing single-beam radiation in mode, and method for forming TM1/2,0Second shorting member set for mode-effecting dual beam radiation and method for making TM3/2,1Mode realizes single beam radiation and enables TM3/2,0A third short-circuiting member group for mode-effecting dual-beam radiation; the first short-circuit component group is positioned beside the edge of one short side of the rectangular radiation patch; the second short-circuit component groups are provided with two groups and are respectively positioned on two corners beside the other short side of the rectangular radiation patch; the third short-circuiting member set is positioned between the first short-circuiting member set and the second short-circuiting member set; the connection point between the coaxial probe and the rectangular radiation patch is positioned between the first short-circuit component group and the third short-circuit component group and deviates from the symmetry axis of the rectangular radiation patch.
Further, the third short-circuiting member group is located at the TM3/2,0Mode and TM3/2,1Electric field zero of mode; the two groups of second short-circuit component groups are symmetrical about a central axis vertical to the short sides of the rectangular radiation patch, and the distance between the centers of the two groups of second short-circuit component groups is P; the free space wavelength of the central frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna is lambda0Wherein, 0.255 λ0<P<0.264λ0。
Further, the third short-circuit component group consists of 5 short-circuit component groups with the diameter R3The distance between two adjacent third metal columns is S, wherein, 1.6R3<S<1.7R3。
Further, the first short-circuit component group is composed of a first short-circuit component group with a diameter R1The first metal pillar of (1); the first metal columns are arranged in a straight line and are arranged from one long side of the rectangular radiation patch to the other long side, wherein R1<R3。
Furthermore, the third metal columns are arranged in a straight line shape; and the central connecting line of the third metal column and the central connecting line of the first metal column are parallel to the short side of the rectangular radiation patch.
Further, the second short-circuit component group consists of 1 short-circuit component group with the diameter of R2Wherein R is3<R2。
Or further, the second short-circuit component group consists of a material with the diameter R4The fourth metal column is enclosed to form a diameter R5Wherein R is3<R5，R4<0.5R5。
Further, the rectangular radiation patch has a length of L and a width of W, wherein 0.7 λ0<L<0.77λ0，0.32λ0<W<0.35λ0。
Further, the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric layer is epsilonrWherein 2 is<εr<2.2。
Further, the dielectric layer is a square dielectric plate, the side length is a, and the thickness is H; the grounding plate is a square metal floor, and the side length is b; the total thickness of the section of the patch antenna is H, wherein, the thickness is 0.9 lambda0<a<λ0，0.9λ0<b<λ0，0.036λ0<H<0.048λ0。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the structure that impedance matching is realized by one layer of dielectric plate, one layer of radiation patch and single feed without using extra circuits is adopted, the patch antenna realizes the characteristics of low profile, double-frequency multi-beam and bandwidth enhancement, and the gain directional diagram is relatively stable in distribution and stable in working performance.
Loading the first short-circuit component setRear, TM of the antenna1/2,1Mode achieves a single beam radiation pattern, however, the TM of the antenna1/2,0、TM3/2,0And TM3/2,1The radiation pattern of the mode fails to meet the dual beam or single beam requirements. For TM1/2,0In the mode, the dual-beam characteristic mainly comes from equivalent magnetic current in the long side direction of the rectangular radiation patch, the single-beam characteristic mainly comes from equivalent magnetic current in the short side direction of the rectangular radiation patch, and the second short-circuit component group is loaded to effectively weaken the equivalent magnetic current in the short side direction. Therefore, in order to put TM1/2,0The mode directional diagram is changed from single beam to double beams, and the other side of the patch is loaded with a second short-circuit component group, so that the equivalent magnetic current in the short side direction is weakened, and the TM is enabled1/2,0The mode exhibits dual beam characteristics. After loading the third short-circuit component group, TM is effectively weakened3/2,0Mode and TM3/2,1Mode of equivalent magnetic current between the first short-circuit component group and the third short-circuit component, thereby enabling TM3/2,0Mode and TM3/2,1The modes exhibit dual beam characteristics and single beam characteristics, respectively. Loading the first short-circuit component group, the second short-circuit component group and the third short-circuit component group to connect TM1/2,0Mode and TM3/2,0Mode-pulling to form a dual-mode broadband characteristic at low frequency, and TM1/2,1Mode and TM3/2,1The mode is pulled close to form a dual-mode broadband characteristic at high frequency, and finally the patch antenna has the effects of low profile, dual-frequency, multi-beam, bandwidth enhancement, better gain, more stable gain directional diagram distribution and stable working performance when based on multi-mode resonance.
Drawings
The detailed structure of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a wideband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna based on multimode resonance according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural top view of a broadband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna based on multimode resonance according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a simulated and measured return loss curve of a broadband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna based on multi-mode resonance according to the present invention;
fig. 4(a) is simulated and measured E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns at 4.1GHz for a multimode resonance based wideband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 4(b) is simulated and measured E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of a multi-mode resonance-based wideband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna of the present invention at 4.25 GHz;
FIG. 4(c) is a simulated and measured E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns at 5.39GHz for a multimode resonance based wideband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna of the present invention;
FIG. 4(d) is simulated and measured E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns of a wideband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna based on multimode resonance at 5.73GHz according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a simulated and actually measured gain curve diagram of a broadband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna based on multimode resonance in an operating frequency band according to the present invention;
wherein, 1, a rectangular radiation patch; 2. a dielectric layer; 3. a ground plate; 4. a coaxial probe; 5. a first short-circuit member group; 6. a second short-circuit component group; 7. and a third short-circuiting member group.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings based on the detailed description of the technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a multi-mode resonance based broadband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna includes a rectangular radiation patch 1, a dielectric layer 2 and a ground plate 3, which are sequentially stacked; the coaxial probe 4 is used for feeding power to the rectangular radiation patch 1; a TM for enabling the TM to be loaded between the rectangular radiation patch 1 and the grounding plate 3 respectively1/2,1First short-circuiting member group 5 for realizing single-beam radiation in mode, first short-circuiting member group for forming a short-circuiting TM1/2,0Second short-circuiting member group 6 for mode realization of dual beam radiation and method for making TM3/2,1Mode realizes single beam radiation and enables TM3/2,0Mode effecting dual beam radiationThree short-circuit component groups 7; the first short-circuit component group 5 is positioned beside the edge of one short side of the rectangular radiation patch 1; the second short-circuit component groups 6 are arranged in two groups and are respectively positioned on two corners beside the other short side of the rectangular radiation patch 1; the third short-circuit component group 7 is positioned between the first short-circuit component group 5 and the second short-circuit component group 6; the connection point between the coaxial probe 4 and the rectangular radiation patch 1 is positioned between the first short-circuit component group 5 and the third short-circuit component group 7 and deviates from the symmetry axis of the rectangular radiation patch 1. The third short-circuiting member 7 is located at TM3/2,0Mode and TM3/2,1The electric field of the mode is at zero. The two groups of the second short-circuit component groups 6 are symmetrical about a central axis vertical to the short sides of the rectangular radiation patch 1, and the distance between the centers of the two groups of the second short-circuit component groups is P; the free space wavelength of the central frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna is lambda0Wherein, 0.255 λ0<P<0.264λ0。
The third short-circuit component group 7 consists of 5 short-circuit component groups with the diameter R3The distance between two adjacent third metal columns is S, wherein, 1.6R3<S<1.7R3. The first short-circuit component group 5 is composed of a material with the diameter R1The first metal pillar of (1); the first metal columns are arranged in a straight line and are arranged from one long side of the rectangular radiation patch 1 to the other long side, wherein R1<R3. The energy of the antenna cannot be radiated from the position where the first short-circuit member set is located. When the distance between two adjacent first metal posts is 0, the first short-circuit component group is in a metal plate shape. The third metal columns are arranged in a straight line shape; the central connecting line of the third metal column and the central connecting line of the first metal column are parallel to the short side of the rectangular radiation patch 1. The second short-circuiting member group 6 is composed of 1 short-circuiting member group with a diameter R2Wherein R is3<R2。
The rectangular radiation patch 1 has a length L and a width W, wherein the width is 0.7 lambda0<L<0.77λ0，0.32λ0<W<0.35λ0. The dielectric layer 2 has a relative dielectric constant of epsilonrWherein 2 is<εr<2.2. What is needed isThe dielectric layer 2 is a square dielectric plate with the side length of a; the grounding plate 3 is a square metal floor, and the side length is b; the total thickness of the section of the patch antenna is H, wherein, the thickness is 0.9 lambda0<a<λ0，0.9λ0<b<λ0，0.036λ0<H<0.048λ0。
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a multi-mode resonance based broadband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna includes a rectangular radiation patch 1, a dielectric layer 2 and a ground plate 3, which are sequentially stacked; the coaxial probe 4 is used for feeding power to the rectangular radiation patch 1; a TM for enabling the TM to be loaded between the rectangular radiation patch 1 and the grounding plate 3 respectively1/2,1First short-circuiting member group 5 for realizing single-beam radiation in mode, first short-circuiting member group for forming a short-circuiting TM1/2,0Second short-circuiting member group 6 for mode realization of dual beam radiation and method for making TM3/2,1Mode realizes single beam radiation and enables TM3/2,0A third short-circuiting member group 7 for mode realization of dual beam radiation; the first short-circuit component group 5 is positioned beside the edge of one short side of the rectangular radiation patch 1; the second short-circuit component groups 6 are arranged in two groups and are respectively positioned on two corners beside the other short side of the rectangular radiation patch 1; the third short-circuit component group 7 is positioned between the first short-circuit component group 5 and the second short-circuit component group 6; the connection point between the coaxial probe 4 and the rectangular radiation patch 1 is positioned between the first short-circuit component group 5 and the third short-circuit component group 7 and deviates from the symmetry axis of the rectangular radiation patch 1. The third short-circuiting member 7 is located at TM3/2,0Mode and TM3/2,1The electric field of the mode is at zero. The two groups of the second short-circuit component groups 6 are symmetrical about a central axis vertical to the short sides of the rectangular radiation patch 1, and the distance between the centers of the two groups of the second short-circuit component groups is P; the free space wavelength of the central frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna is lambda0Wherein, 0.255 λ0<P<0.264λ0。
The third short-circuit component group 7 consists of 5 short-circuit component groups with the diameter R3The distance between two adjacent third metal columns is S, wherein, 1.6R3<S<1.7R3. The first short-circuit memberGroup 5 consisting of a diameter R1The first metal pillar of (1); the first metal columns are arranged in a straight line and are arranged from one long side of the rectangular radiation patch 1 to the other long side, wherein R1<R3. The third metal columns are arranged in a straight line shape; the central connecting line of the third metal column and the central connecting line of the first metal column are parallel to the short side of the rectangular radiation patch 1. The second short-circuit component group 6 is composed of a material with the diameter R4The fourth metal column is enclosed to form a diameter R5Wherein R is3<R5，R4<0.5R5。
The rectangular radiation patch 1 has a length L and a width W, wherein the width is 0.7 lambda0<L<0.77λ0，0.32λ0<W<0.35λ0. The dielectric layer 2 has a relative dielectric constant of epsilonrWherein 2 is<εr<2.2. The dielectric layer 2 is a square dielectric plate with the side length of a; the grounding plate 3 is a square metal floor, and the side length is b; the total thickness of the section of the patch antenna is H, wherein, the thickness is 0.9 lambda0<a<λ0，0.9λ0<b<λ0，0.036λ0<H<0.048λ0。
Test example
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a multi-mode resonance based broadband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna includes a rectangular radiation patch 1, a dielectric layer 2 and a ground plate 3, which are sequentially stacked; and a coaxial probe 4 for feeding the rectangular radiating patch 1. I.e. the feed probe 4 is connected to the rectangular radiating patch 1. The rectangular radiation patch 1 has a length of 52.8mm and a width of 25 mm. The dielectric layer 2 is a square dielectric plate, the side length is 70mm, and the relative dielectric constant is 2.1. The grounding plate 3 is a square metal floor, and the side length is 70 mm. The total thickness of the section of the patch antenna is 3 mm. The thicknesses of the rectangular radiation patch 1 and the ground plate 3 are small, and the measurement result of the thickness of the dielectric layer 2 is 3mm due to measurement errors.
A TM for enabling the TM to be loaded between the rectangular radiation patch 1 and the grounding plate 3 respectively1/2,1First short-circuit element for realizing single-beam radiation in modeGroup 5 for forming a TM1/2,0Second short-circuiting member group 6 for mode realization of dual beam radiation and method for making TM3/2,1Mode realizes single beam radiation and enables TM3/2,0The mode implements the third short-circuiting member group 7 of the two-beam radiation. Namely, the rectangular radiation patch 1 and the ground plate 3 are connected through a first short-circuit component group 5, a second short-circuit component group 6 and a third short-circuit component group 7 respectively.
The first short-circuit component group 5 is positioned beside the edge of one short side of the rectangular radiation patch 1; the second short-circuit component groups 6 are arranged in two groups and are respectively positioned on two corners beside the other short side of the rectangular radiation patch 1; the third short-circuit component group 7 is positioned between the first short-circuit component group 5 and the second short-circuit component group 6 and positioned in TM3/2,0Mode and TM3/2,1The electric field of the mode is at zero. Two sets of the second short-circuit component sets 6 are symmetrical about a central axis perpendicular to the short sides of the rectangular radiating patch 1, and the distance between the centers of the two sets is 19 mm. The connection point between the coaxial probe 4 and the rectangular radiation patch 1 is located between the first short-circuit component group 5 and the third short-circuit component group 7 and deviates from the symmetry axis of the rectangular radiation patch 1, and specifically comprises: the connection point is at a distance of 4.5mm from the long side of the rectangular radiation patch 1 and at a distance of 6.8mm from the short side of the rectangular radiation patch 1.
The first short-circuit component group 5 is composed of a first metal column with the diameter of 0.4 mm; the first metal columns are arranged in a straight line shape and are arranged from one long side of the rectangular radiation patch 1 to the other long side; the distance between two adjacent first metal columns is 0.64 mm. The second short-circuiting member group 6 is constituted by 1 second metal post having a diameter of 3.2 mm. The third short-circuit component group 7 is composed of 5 third metal posts with the diameter of 2.6mm, and the distance between every two adjacent third metal posts is 4.25 mm. The third metal columns are arranged in a straight line shape; the central connecting line of the third metal column and the central connecting line of the first metal column are parallel to the short side of the rectangular radiation patch 1.
And manufacturing a sample according to the size, and then respectively carrying out simulation test and actual test.
After loading the first short-circuit component group 1, the antennaTM of1/2,1Mode achieves a single beam radiation pattern, however, the TM of the antenna1/2,0、TM3/2,0And TM3/2,1The radiation pattern of the mode fails to meet the dual beam or single beam requirements. For TM1/2,0In the mode, the dual-beam characteristic mainly comes from the equivalent magnetic current in the long side direction of the rectangular radiation patch 1, the single-beam characteristic mainly comes from the equivalent magnetic current in the short side direction of the rectangular radiation patch 1, and the second short-circuit component group 6 is loaded to effectively weaken the equivalent magnetic current in the short side direction. Therefore, in order to put TM1/2,0The mode directional diagram is changed from single beam to double beams, a second short-circuit component group 6 is loaded on the other side of the patch, the equivalent magnetic current in the short side direction is weakened, and the TM is enabled1/2,0The mode exhibits dual beam characteristics. After loading the third short-circuiting-component group 7, TM is effectively weakened3/2,0Mode and TM3/2,1Mode of equivalent magnetic current between the positions of the first short-circuit component group 5 and the third short-circuit component group 7, thereby enabling TM3/2,0Mode and TM3/2,1The modes exhibit dual beam characteristics and single beam characteristics, respectively. Loading the first short-circuit component group 5, the second short-circuit component group 6 and the third short-circuit component group 7 to connect TM1/2,0Mode and TM3/2,0Mode-pulling to form a dual-mode broadband characteristic at low frequency, and TM1/2,1Mode and TM3/2,1The mode is pulled close to form a dual-mode broadband characteristic at high frequency, and finally the patch antenna has the effects of low profile, dual-frequency, multi-beam, bandwidth enhancement, better gain, more stable gain directional diagram distribution and stable working performance when based on multi-mode resonance.
In the aspect of the bandwidth enhancement characteristic, after the first short-circuit component group 5 is loaded, the four resonant frequencies of the antenna are respectively 0.98GHz, 2.89GHz, 3.63GHz and 4.7 GHz; after the second short-circuit component group 6 is loaded, the four resonant frequencies are respectively 2.08GHz, 4.09GHz, 4.3GHz and 5.55GHz, and the spacing of resonant frequency points is reduced; loading a third short-circuit component group 7 around the center of the patch to improve TM1/2,0Mode and TM1/2,1Mode-corresponding resonant frequency while maintaining TM3/2,0Mode and TM3/2,1The resonant frequency for a mode is substantially constant. Thereby makingThe four resonance frequency points are combined in pairs in the two frequency bands, so that the characteristic of bandwidth enhancement is better realized. The multi-beam patch antenna realizes multifunctional beams and bandwidth enhancement characteristics by using a structure of one dielectric plate layer, one radiation patch layer and single feed without using an additional circuit to realize impedance matching, and the section is 0.04 lambda0Has a low profile characteristic.
The following describes the application effect of the present invention in detail with reference to the simulation effect and the actual measurement effect.
As shown in fig. 3, the antenna has four resonance points in the frequency band, the impedance bandwidths of the antenna in the two operating frequency bands are 4GHz-4.29GHz and 5.24GHz-5.77GHz, respectively, and the relative bandwidths are 7% and 10%, respectively, and it can be seen from fig. 3 that the antenna has the characteristic of bandwidth enhancement.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4(a), 4(b), 4(c), and 4(d) show the E-plane and H-plane antenna gain as a function curve of the angular change at the resonance point frequency of 4.1GHz, 4.25GHz, 5.39GHz, and 5.73GHz, respectively, and show a dual-beam pattern at two frequency points of the low frequency band and a single-beam pattern at two frequency points of the high frequency band, and it is clear from fig. 4 that the antenna gain pattern distribution is stable and the operation performance is stable.
As shown in fig. 5, the antenna has a simulation result of maximum gain of about 7dBi in the low frequency band and about 11dBi in the high frequency band.
In summary, the present invention provides a multimode resonance-based wideband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna, which uses a structure that a layer of dielectric plate, a layer of radiation patch, and a single feed realize impedance matching without using an additional circuit; the section is low; the dual-band dual-beam dual-frequency-band dual-beam dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-point dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual-frequency-band dual; the relative bandwidth of the two frequency bands is respectively enhanced to 7% and 10%; the maximum gain reaches 7dBi at the low frequency band and 11dBi at the high frequency band, the gain directional diagram is distributed more stably and the working performance is stable.
The first … … and the second … … are only used for name differentiation and do not represent how different the importance and position of the two are.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A broadband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna based on multi-mode resonance is characterized by comprising a rectangular radiation patch, a dielectric layer and a ground plate which are sequentially stacked; the coaxial probe is used for feeding power to the rectangular radiation patch;
a TM for connecting the rectangular radiation patch and the ground plate1/2,1First short-circuiting member group for realizing single-beam radiation in mode, and method for forming TM1/2,0Second shorting member set for mode-effecting dual beam radiation and method for making TM3/2,1Mode realizes single beam radiation and enables TM3/2,0A third short-circuiting member group for mode-effecting dual-beam radiation;
the first short-circuit component group is positioned on one short side of the rectangular radiation patch; the second short-circuit component groups are two groups and are respectively positioned on two corners beside the other short side of the rectangular radiation patch; the third short-circuiting member set is positioned between the first short-circuiting member set and the second short-circuiting member set; the coaxial probe is in contact connection with the rectangular radiation patch, and the connection position is located between the first short-circuit component group and the third short-circuit component group and deviates from the symmetry axis of the rectangular radiation patch;
the third short-circuit component group is positioned at TM3/2,0Mode and TM3/2,1Electric field zero of mode; the third short-circuit component group is composed of third metal columns which are arranged in a straight line shape;
the first short-circuit component group is composed of first metal columns; the first metal columns are arranged in a straight line shape and are arranged from one long side of the rectangular radiation patch to the other long side;
the central connecting line of the third metal column and the central connecting line of the first metal column are parallel to the short side of the rectangular radiation patch; the two groups of second short-circuit component groups are symmetrical about a central axis perpendicular to the short sides of the rectangular radiation patch;
the free space wavelength of the central frequency of the working frequency band of the antenna is lambda0The rectangular radiation patch has a length L and a width W, wherein the width is 0.7 lambda0<L<0.77λ0，0.32λ0<W<0.35λ0。
2. The multimode-resonance-based wideband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the centers of the two sets of second shorting elements is P; wherein, 0.255 lambda0<P<0.264λ0。
3. The multi-mode resonance-based wideband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna according to claim 2, wherein said third set of shorting elements consists of 5 sections with a diameter R3The distance between two adjacent third metal columns is S, wherein, 1.6R3<S<1.7R3。
4. The multi-mode resonance-based wideband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna according to claim 3, wherein said first metal post has a diameter R1Wherein R is1<R3。
5. The multi-mode resonance-based wideband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna according to claim 4, wherein said second set of shorting elements is of a diameter R2Wherein R is3<R2。
6. The multi-mode resonance-based wideband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna according to claim 4, wherein said second set of shorting elements is formed of a plurality of R diameter elements4The fourth metal column is enclosed to form a diameter R5Wherein R is3<R5，R4<0.5R5。
7. The multi-mode resonance-based wideband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna according to any of claims 2 to 6, wherein the dielectric layer has a relative dielectric constant of εrWherein 2 is<εr<2.2。
8. The multimode-resonance-based wideband low-profile dual-frequency multi-beam patch antenna according to claim 7, wherein the dielectric layer is a square dielectric plate with a side length of a; the grounding plate is a square metal floor, and the side length is b; the total thickness of the section of the patch antenna is H, wherein, the thickness is 0.9 lambda0<a<λ0，0.9λ0<b<λ0，0.036λ0<H<0.048λ0。
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