CN114333427A

CN114333427A - Ground command machine system oriented to multi-network integration and data transmission method

Info

Publication number: CN114333427A
Application number: CN202111503390.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周强; 刘广才
Original assignee: Beihang University
Current assignee: Beihang University
Priority date: 2021-12-09
Filing date: 2021-12-09
Publication date: 2022-04-12

Abstract

The invention relates to a ground command machine system facing multi-network integration and a data transmission method, comprising the following steps: the communication links are respectively used for data transmission with the server part through an interface adapter, and comprise four link units, namely a cloud link unit, a public network link unit, a Beidou satellite link unit, a narrowband satellite link unit and the like, and simultaneously support a cloud access mode and a ground station access mode; the interface adapter comprises a cloud data interface unit, a public network data interface unit, a narrow-band satellite data interface unit, a Beidou satellite data interface unit and an operation management platform interface unit.

Description

Ground command machine system oriented to multi-network integration and data transmission method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of navigation design, and relates to a ground director system for multi-network integration.

Background

The application range of general aviation comprises 34 items in four categories, namely medical aid (type A), meteorological exploration (type B), aviation forest protection (type C) and the like, and covers a plurality of industries such as agriculture, forestry, pasture, fishery, industry, building, scientific research and the like.

In order to ensure the safety of the navigation aircraft in the process of completing actual flight operation, the ground commander needs to master key indexes of the navigation position information, attitude information, engine parameters, health state of the aircraft and the like of the aircraft in real time, and meanwhile, the real-time conversation between the ground commander and flight personnel of the aircraft set can be kept. This presents a need for a ground director system with high performance and high reliability.

At present, the domestic monitoring and communication technology for the general aviation aircraft has the following defects:

1. the existing air traffic control means cannot meet the requirements of monitoring communication with continuous full time domain and full space domain and reasonable cost;

2. the current general aviation reliable safety monitoring has blind areas, and the situation of loss of connection and out of control of the airplane easily occurs at a low altitude and a long distance;

3. satellite communication is very expensive and cannot fully satisfy services such as real-time monitoring.

Therefore, the domestic current technology cannot realize safe and reliable real-time monitoring communication for the navigation aircraft within a cost acceptable range. Meanwhile, the above-mentioned disadvantages cannot be dealt with by a single communication technology, limited by the disadvantages or costs of the single communication technology.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the current general aviation development, the invention provides a ground director system oriented to multi-network fusion. By means of the multi-network fusion technology, the Beidou satellite communication, the narrow-band satellite communication, the public network communication and other multi-networks are fused, seamless mobile communication is achieved, and efficient technical means support can be provided for all-weather, all-range and all-region data transmission, voice communication, navigation positioning and other communication. The ground command machine system oriented to multi-network fusion has the characteristics of high safety and controllability and wide applicability to the research of the general aviation safety monitoring technology, can comprehensively improve the monitoring, tracking and guaranteeing capabilities of the ground and air activities of the general aviation aircraft, solves the supervision blind area, reduces the potential safety hazard, improves the navigation operation performance, and ensures the safety of low-altitude operation.

In a complete general aviation safety monitoring and operation management scene, a multimode data source in the onboard equipment of the navigation aircraft generates navigation position information, attitude information, engine parameters, aircraft health state and other data of the navigation aircraft, and the data are collected by data acquisition and recording equipment of the same onboard end equipment and transmitted to a navigation onboard communication module. The navigation airborne communication module is responsible for selecting a proper communication system and a proper link and sending data to the ground commander.

The data has the following transmission processes: the navigation airborne communication module sends data to the base station, the base station sends the data to the cloud communication system, and the data are further forwarded to a cloud link unit of the ground director;

the navigation airborne communication module sends the data to the base station, and the data is transmitted to a public network link unit of the ground command machine by the base station through a public network communication system;

the navigation airborne communication module sends data to a Beidou satellite, the Beidou satellite sends the data to a cloud communication system, and the data are further forwarded to a cloud link unit of the ground director;

the navigation airborne communication module sends the data to a Beidou satellite, and the data is transmitted to a Beidou satellite link unit of the ground command machine by the Beidou satellite through a Beidou satellite communication system;

the navigation airborne communication module sends data to the narrow-band satellite, the narrow-band satellite sends the data to the cloud communication system, and the data are further forwarded to a cloud link unit of the ground director;

the navigation airborne communication module sends the data to the narrow-band satellite, and the narrow-band satellite transmits the data to the narrow-band satellite link unit of the ground director through the narrow-band satellite communication system.

Correspondingly, the data transmitted from the cloud end link unit, the public network link unit, the Beidou satellite link unit and the narrow-band satellite link unit are respectively received by the cloud end data interface unit, the public network data interface unit, the Beidou satellite data interface unit and the narrow-band satellite data interface unit of the ground commander. The ground director judges the availability of four links such as a cloud link unit, a public network link unit, a Beidou satellite link unit and a narrowband satellite link unit by utilizing a link selection algorithm of multi-network converged communication according to the actual situation of a specific scene, and selects a link corresponding to the time when an airborne terminal sends data so as to establish communication with a navigation airplane. The data received by the ground commander can be transmitted to a processing unit of the ground commander, the processing of information, including local storage, chart display, log recording, data display by using a display unit and the like, is completed in the processing unit, and further, the data is transmitted to a navigation operation management platform through an operation management platform interface for subsequent storage and analysis.

The invention provides a multi-network integration-oriented ground director hardware unit which comprises three parts, namely a communication link part, an interface adapter part and a high-performance server part.

The communication link part comprises four link units such as a cloud link unit, a public network link unit, a Beidou satellite link unit and a narrow-band satellite link unit, and simultaneously supports a cloud access mode and a ground station access mode.

The cloud access mode is characterized in that data transmission is carried out through the cloud link unit, the cloud link serves as a unified receiving end, after key indexes such as navigation position information, attitude information, engine parameters and aircraft health states acquired by the base station, the Beidou satellite and the narrow-band satellite are transmitted to the cloud communication system through the base station, the Beidou satellite and the narrow-band satellite respectively, the key data are sent to the cloud link unit, and then the data are read from the cloud link unit through the cloud data interface unit by the command machine. In the cloud access mode, the data access mode is TCP transparent data transmission or UDP transparent data transmission access, the communication mode supports a fixed IP communication mode and a dynamic domain name communication mode, and the cloud server supports remote data transparent transmission. The ground station access mode is that key index data are transmitted through three links, namely a public network link unit, a Beidou satellite link unit and a narrow-band satellite link unit respectively.

The public network link unit supports data transmission through the Internet, a hardware module of the public network link unit comprises an Ethernet card, a switch, a router and a network cable, information is transmitted and processed in a public network communication system at first, then the public network communication system forwards the information to the public network link unit in the ground commander, and the information is further sent to the public network data interface unit;

the Beidou satellite firstly transmits and processes information in a Beidou satellite communication system, then the Beidou satellite communication system forwards the information to a Beidou satellite link unit in a ground command machine, and further sends the information to a Beidou satellite data interface unit;

the narrow band satellite (including Shula, Ka, maritime affairs, etc.) firstly transmits and processes the information in the narrow band satellite communication system, and then the narrow band satellite communication system transmits the information to the narrow band satellite link unit in the ground director through forwarding, and further transmits the information to the narrow band satellite data interface unit.

The interface adapter part provides physical support for data transmission of the ground commander and other cross-linked systems, and comprises a cloud data interface unit, a public network data interface unit, a narrow-band satellite data interface unit, a Beidou satellite data interface unit and an operation management platform interface unit.

The cloud data interface unit is used for supporting information transmission between the ground command machine and the cloud communication system. The cloud communication system adopts an Aliskian server to realize that the cloud sends and the commander receives Aliskian data (transparent transmission) through a mobile whole network 2/3/4G network and a satellite communication network. The ground command machine sends a control instruction to the cloud communication system to realize remote command control of the navigation aircraft. According to the difference of control commands, the command relation between the commander and the cloud is divided into the following modes:

(1) ground-side control command S01: requesting control rights;

(2) ground station control command S02: controlling by a ground station;

(3) instruction S03: a return command, a specified location hover.

The public network data interface unit is used for supporting information transmission between the ground commander and a public network communication system through a network, the interface protocol also follows a general internet protocol format, namely a TCP/IP protocol, specifically, a link layer supports protocols such as Ethernet, a network layer supports protocols such as IP, a transmission layer supports protocols such as TCP, and an application layer supports analytic protocols such as HTTP.

The narrow-band satellite data interface unit is used for supporting information transmission between the ground command machine and a narrow-band communication satellite communication system, and narrow-band communication satellites such as the Shula sub-satellite are connected with the ground command machine through a ground gateway station-to-network. The Shula sub-ground gateway station and the ground command machine adopt a network mode for communication, and an interface also follows a TCP/IP network protocol.

The Beidou satellite data interface unit is used for supporting the ground commander to be connected with a Beidou satellite communication system, and the connection modes include the following two modes: one is transmitted through a ground gateway station, network access is adopted, and an interface protocol supports a TCP/IP protocol; the other type adopts a Beidou short message communication terminal (comprising a common terminal and a super terminal), and a Beidou card needs to be purchased. The data transmitted by the Beidou satellite link unit is connected to a processing unit of the commander through a serial port in the Beidou satellite data interface unit, and supports a serial port protocol RS 232.

The operation management platform interface unit is used for supporting information transmission between the ground director and the navigation operation management platform, and an interface protocol follows a TCP/IP protocol. The transmission information comprises the flight state of the airplane, monitoring information in the flight process, safety alarm, other important information transmitted from the airplane to the command engine and the like.

The high-performance server part can provide hardware support for various functions of a software system of the ground director, including data integration, state monitoring and selection of a communication link, data analysis, real-time monitoring, navigation positioning, airplane attitude, airplane equipment state information, flight situation display and the like. And can save the flight data. The high performance server portion may be divided into a processing unit and a display unit according to functional requirements.

And the processing unit is responsible for completing tasks of data processing, analysis, storage, forwarding and the like of the ground director system. The data received by the four interface units such as the cloud data interface unit, the public network data interface unit, the Beidou satellite data interface unit, the narrow-band satellite data interface unit and the like from the corresponding links are transmitted to the processing unit in a unified mode. The processing unit analyzes the acquired data, and transmits the data to the display unit in different forms such as charts and the like for display according to actual requirements, so that ground commanders can analyze the data and make judgment. Further, the processing unit can complete the storage of the data and forward the data to the navigation operation management platform through the operation management platform interface unit for subsequent storage and processing. In addition, the processing unit is also responsible for processing the instruction sent by the ground commander, and different interfaces and links need to be automatically selected according to the actual situation, or corresponding interfaces and links need to be selected according to the active control of the ground commander, and the instruction sent by the ground is transmitted to the navigation airplane.

The functional module of the ground command machine for multi-network fusion comprises a cloud data interface module, a public network data interface module, a Beidou data interface module, a satellite data interface module, a multi-network fusion data communication module, a main control module, a data display module, a background system management module and a local data management module.

The cloud data interface module belongs to the cloud data interface unit, the public network data interface module belongs to the public network data interface unit, the Beidou data interface module belongs to the Beidou satellite data interface unit, the satellite data interface module belongs to the narrowband satellite data interface unit, the multi-network fusion data communication module is an independent module on the commanding machine, the main control module, the background system management module and the local data management module all belong to a processing unit on the server, and the data display module belongs to a display unit on the server.

The cloud data interface module, the public network data interface module, the Beidou data interface module and the satellite data interface module are responsible for receiving and analyzing digital signals from corresponding links and transmitting the signals to the multi-network fusion data communication module in a unified mode.

The multi-network fusion data communication module is responsible for automatically or manually selecting an applicable link to complete a communication task by combining a link selection algorithm, and monitoring the link selected by the ground and the airborne terminal in the process, so that the matching of the link selected by the ground and the airborne terminal is ensured, and a certain guarantee is provided for the communication process. And after the link selection is finished, the multi-network convergence data communication module transmits the acquired data to the main control module.

The main control module analyzes and controls the data stream. And respectively transmitting the data to the data display module, the background system management module and the local data management module according to actual requirements.

The data display module provides current space situation monitoring, track tracking, track display, map display and other graphic auxiliary display for ground commanders, and provides functions of track management operation, background map operation and the like. The air flight situation display has various monitoring data processing capabilities and is used for data preprocessing. The processing and display of flight data are the core of the situation display function of the director.

The background system management module monitors the commander and the communication link in real time to form the functions of resource monitoring, network monitoring, log recording and the like, and information obtained by monitoring is visually displayed in a chart mode. Meanwhile, warning threshold value setting and fault notification are supported, so that whether the system operates normally is judged.

The input of the local data management module is all analyzed communication data and command data input by the control seats, and the storage mode is 'timestamp + data'. After the operator gives an instruction for calling the stored data, the local data management module can output corresponding stored content according to the requirement.

The data display module, the background system management module and the local data management module can be connected with a peripheral system to complete data transmission.

The multi-network fusion data communication module comprises a data receiving and analyzing submodule, a communication link automatic selection submodule, a communication link active selection submodule, a data forwarding submodule and a link state monitoring submodule. The data receiving and analyzing submodule is used for acquiring data transmitted by data interface modules such as the cloud data interface module, the public network data interface module, the Beidou data interface module and the satellite data interface module, analyzing the data and then forwarding the analyzed data to the communication link automatic selection submodule, the communication link active selection submodule and the link state monitoring submodule. The communication link automatic selection submodule is responsible for combining with a link selection algorithm, judging the availability of the link according to actual conditions, selecting an applicable communication link to complete a communication task, and transmitting data to the data forwarding submodule. The communication link active selection sub-module is responsible for combining with a link selection algorithm, selecting a corresponding communication link to complete a communication task according to an instruction sent by a ground commander, and transmitting data to the data forwarding sub-module. The data forwarding sub-module transmits the received data to the main control module, and then the main control module is handed over to complete the subsequent processing of the data. The link state monitoring submodule is used for monitoring each link accessed by the ground command machine, judging whether the link is available or not and providing support for link selection.

The link selection algorithm comprises the following steps:

step (1): the alternative link state is detected.

The ground command machine is connected with four links such as a cloud link, a public network link, a Beidou satellite link and a narrow-band satellite link, and in an actual scene, the situation that different links are unavailable may occur due to the influences of various factors such as local infrastructure conditions, terrain, weather, the flight height of a navigation aircraft, the performance of a task and the like. Therefore, before the multi-network converged link selection work is performed, the states of the four links need to be detected first.

Step (2): a determination is made as to whether a link is available.

The availability of the four links is detected and recorded in the step (1), analysis is carried out according to the detection result, and if one or more links are in an available state, the step (3) can be carried out; if all four links are in the unavailable state, go to step (10).

And (3): and judging whether to automatically control the link.

The multi-network fusion data communication module of the ground director comprises a communication link automatic selection sub-module and a communication link active selection sub-module, wherein the communication link automatic selection sub-module and the communication link active selection sub-module respectively correspond to link automatic selection and active selection. Under the condition that a link is available, selecting which form to adopt to control the link by a ground commander, and if automatic control is adopted, turning to the step (4); if active control is used, go to step (7).

And (4): automatic control link: and judging whether the current flying height of the navigation airplane is more than 300 meters.

Since the performance of the link is affected by the flight altitude of the navigable aircraft, the flight altitude of the navigable aircraft needs to be determined first when automatic control is performed on the multilinks. The ground director system for multi-network integration provided by the invention selects 300 meters as a height threshold value, and different operations are adopted according to whether the flight height of a navigation airplane is 300 meters or not. If the flying height exceeds 300 m, turning to the step (5); and (5) if the length of the rice is not more than 300 meters, turning to the step (6).

And (5): the flying height exceeds 300 meters.

When the flying height of the navigation airplane exceeds 300 meters, the quality of communication through the public network communication system is greatly influenced, and good performance cannot be guaranteed, so that the public network communication system and a link thereof are not selected at the moment and are directly dependent on a satellite for communication. If the narrow-band satellite communication system and the related link thereof are available, the narrow-band satellite communication system is preferentially selected to complete communication, a mode that the narrow-band satellite communication system transmits to the cloud link can be adopted, and when the cloud link is unavailable, the narrow-band satellite communication link can be adopted. If the narrow-band satellite communication system and the related link thereof are unavailable, the Beidou satellite communication system is adopted as an alternative scheme, a mode that the Beidou satellite communication system transmits to the cloud link can be adopted, and when the cloud link is unavailable, the Beidou satellite communication link can be adopted. And (5) after the link is selected, the step (8) is carried out to carry out the consistency check of the communication links of the airborne terminal and the ground terminal.

And (6): the flying height does not exceed 300 meters.

And when the flying height of the navigation airplane is not more than 300 meters, sequentially selecting a public network communication system, a narrow-band satellite communication system and a Beidou satellite communication system according to the priority to complete communication work. For each communication system, a cloud link is preferentially selected for data transmission, and if the cloud link is unavailable, a public network link, a narrow-band satellite link and a Beidou satellite link are sequentially selected. And (5) after the link is selected, the step (8) is carried out to carry out the consistency check of the communication links of the airborne terminal and the ground terminal.

And (7): a link is actively selected manually among the available links.

And the ground commander refers to the state detection result of each selected link according to the current actual environment and the task execution condition, and manually and actively selects one link from the available links to finish the communication work. Under the active selection link mode, the priority of the link is no longer effective, and the command of the ground commander is used as the standard. And (5) after the link is selected, the step (8) is carried out to carry out the consistency check of the communication links of the airborne terminal and the ground terminal.

And (8): and judging whether the communication links of the airborne terminal and the ground terminal are consistent or not.

In a communication scene of a multi-network convergence oriented navigation aircraft and a ground command machine, a communication link selected by an airborne end is required to be consistent with a communication link selected by the ground command machine, and the communication between the two can be normally executed. Therefore, after the ground commander system completes the automatic control of the communication link, or the ground commander actively selects an available communication link, the link state monitoring submodule of the ground commander system needs to perform consistency check on the communication link, so as to ensure that the communication link selected by the onboard end is consistent with the communication link selected by the ground commander. If the checking result is that the links of the airborne end and the ground end are consistent, the step (9) is carried out for communication; and (4) if the two link parameters are not consistent, turning to the step (3), and reselecting to replace the ground end link in an automatic control or active selection mode.

And (9): and adopting the selected link to carry out communication.

When the available communication link selected by the airborne terminal and the ground terminal passes consistency check, the link selection work is finished, and the ground director system adopts the selected communication link to communicate with the airborne terminal.

Step (10): and (3) alarming to a control center: none of the links are available.

After the ground director checks the state of each alternative link in step (1), if no link is available, the subsequent link selection process cannot be performed, and the ground end cannot establish effective communication with the airborne end through the alternative link. At this time, an alarm needs to be sent to the control center to inform that all the links are in an unavailable state so as to take emergency measures.

The data flow direction between the ground director system and the peripheral system facing the multi-network integration, which is provided by the invention, is described as follows:

in a general aviation safety monitoring and operation management scene oriented to multi-network fusion, relevant data of a navigation aircraft are collected and recorded by data collection and recording equipment, the collected data comprise key indexes of navigation position information, attitude information, engine parameters, aircraft health state and the like of the navigation aircraft, and the data are forwarded to a multi-mode terminal after the data are subjected to digital-to-analog conversion and the like by the data collection and recording equipment.

The multimode terminal performs frequency conversion, filtering, power amplification and other processing on the received data, selects an available item from a cloud communication system and a link, a public network communication system and a link, a narrow-band satellite communication system and a link, and a Beidou satellite communication system and a link, and transmits the processed data.

And the ground command machine receives the processed key indexes from the corresponding communication link, and further sends the key indexes to a navigation operation management platform after the frequency conversion, the filtering and other processing are completed, so as to perform subsequent operations such as storage, analysis and the like.

Has the advantages that:

the invention has the following advantages:

1. through many networks integration data communication module, fuse many networks such as high in the clouds communication, public network communication, big dipper satellite communication, narrowband satellite communication and realize seamless mobile communication, can promote the control to general aviation aircraft ground and air activity, track and guarantee ability comprehensively.

2. Through the communication link automatic selection submodule, the communication link is automatically controlled according to factors such as the actual link state, the flight altitude of the navigation airplane, the priority of the communication link and the like, and the efficiency and the reliability of communication link selection can be effectively improved.

3. The processing unit and the operation management platform interface unit can complete the processing, analysis and storage work of the received data in time and transmit the data to the navigation operation management platform so as to further research the data in the following.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the invention discloses a cross-linking schematic diagram of a ground director system and a peripheral system;

FIG. 2: the invention discloses a hardware unit schematic diagram of a ground director system;

FIG. 3: the invention discloses a functional module schematic diagram of a ground director system;

FIG. 4: the invention discloses a functional schematic diagram of a multi-network fusion data communication module of a ground director system;

FIG. 5: the invention relates to a link selection switching algorithm flow chart of a ground director system;

FIG. 6: the invention discloses a data flow schematic diagram of a ground director system and a peripheral system.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention without creative efforts.

As shown in fig. 1, in a complete general aviation safety monitoring and operation management scene, a multimode data source 1 in onboard equipment of a navigable aircraft generates navigation position information, attitude information, engine parameters, aircraft health status and other data of the navigable aircraft, and the data is collected by data collection and recording equipment 2 of the same onboard end equipment and transmitted to a navigable onboard communication module 3. The navigation airborne communication module 3 is responsible for selecting a proper communication system and a proper link and sending data to the ground command machine. The data has the following transmission processes: the navigation airborne communication module 3 sends data to the base station 4, the base station 4 sends the data to the cloud communication system 5, and the data are further forwarded to a cloud link unit 6 of the ground director; the navigation airborne communication module 3 sends the data to the base station 4, and the base station 4 forwards the data to a public network link unit 8 of the ground commander through a public network communication system 7; the navigation airborne communication module 3 sends data to the Beidou satellite 9, the Beidou satellite 9 sends the data to the cloud communication system 5, and the data are further forwarded to the cloud link unit 6 of the ground director; the navigation airborne communication module sends the data to a Beidou satellite 9, and the Beidou satellite 9 transmits the data to a Beidou satellite link unit 11 of the ground director through a Beidou satellite communication system 10; the navigation airborne communication module 3 sends data to the narrow band satellite 12, the narrow band satellite 12 sends the data to the cloud communication system 5, and the data are further forwarded to the cloud link unit 6 of the ground director; the navigation airborne communication module 3 sends the data to the narrow-band satellite 12, and the narrow-band satellite 12 transmits the data to the narrow-band satellite link unit 14 of the ground director through the narrow-band satellite communication system 13. Accordingly, the data transmitted from the cloud link unit 6, the public network link unit 8, the beidou satellite link unit 11 and the narrowband satellite link unit 14 are respectively received by the cloud data interface unit 15, the public network data interface unit 16, the beidou satellite data interface unit 17 and the narrowband satellite data interface unit 18 of the ground director. The ground director judges the availability of four links, namely a cloud link unit 6, a public network link unit 8, a Beidou satellite link unit 11, a narrow-band satellite link unit 14 and the like, by utilizing a link selection algorithm of multi-network converged communication according to the actual situation of a specific scene, and selects a link corresponding to the time when an airborne terminal sends data so as to establish communication with the navigation aircraft. The data received by the ground commander can be transmitted to the processing unit 19 of the ground commander, the processing of information including local storage, chart display, log recording, data display by using the display unit 20 and the like is completed in the processing unit 19, and further, the data is transmitted to the navigation operation management platform 22 through the operation management platform interface 21 for subsequent storage and analysis.

The multi-network convergence-oriented ground director hardware unit disclosed by the invention comprises three parts, namely a communication link part, an interface adapter part and a high-performance server part, as shown in fig. 2.

The communication link part comprises four link units such as a cloud link unit 6, a public network link unit 8, a Beidou satellite link unit 11 and a narrow-band satellite link unit 12, and simultaneously supports a cloud access mode and a ground station access mode. The cloud access mode is characterized in that data transmission is carried out through the cloud link unit 6, the cloud link serves as a unified receiving end, after key indexes such as navigation position information, attitude information, engine parameters and aircraft health states acquired by a base station, a Beidou satellite and a narrow-band satellite are transmitted to the cloud communication system 5 through the base station, the Beidou satellite and the narrow-band satellite respectively, the key data are further sent to the cloud link unit 6, and then the data are read from the cloud link unit 6 through the cloud data interface unit 15 by a command machine. In the cloud access mode, the data access mode is TCP transparent data transmission or UDP transparent data transmission access, the communication mode supports a fixed IP communication mode and a dynamic domain name communication mode, and the cloud server supports remote data transparent transmission. The ground station access mode is that key index data are transmitted through three links, namely a public network link unit 8, a Beidou satellite link unit 11 and a narrow-band satellite link unit 14. The public network link unit 8 supports data transmission through the internet, a hardware module of the public network link unit 8 comprises an Ethernet card, a switch, a router and a network cable, information is firstly transmitted and processed in the public network communication system 7, then the public network communication system 7 forwards the information to the public network link unit 8 in the ground director, and further the information is sent to the public network data interface unit 16; the Beidou satellite firstly transmits and processes information in a Beidou satellite communication system 10, then the Beidou satellite communication system 10 forwards the information to a Beidou satellite link unit 11 in a ground director, and further sends the information to a Beidou satellite data interface unit 17; the narrow band satellite (including schua, Ka, maritime affairs, etc.) firstly transmits and processes the information in the narrow band satellite communication system 13, and then the narrow band satellite communication system 13 transmits the information to the narrow band satellite link unit 14 in the ground director through forwarding, and further sends the information to the narrow band satellite data interface unit 18.

The interface adapter part provides physical support for data transmission of the ground commander and other cross-linked systems, and comprises a cloud data interface unit 15, a public network data interface unit 16, a Beidou satellite data interface unit 17, a narrow-band satellite data interface unit 18 and an operation management platform interface unit 21.

The cloud data interface unit 15 is configured to support information transmission between the ground director and the cloud communication system 5. The cloud communication system 5 adopts an Aliskian server to realize that the cloud sends and the director receives Aliskian data (transparent transmission) through a mobile whole network 2/3/4G network and a satellite communication network. The ground command machine sends a control instruction to the cloud communication system 5 to realize remote command control of the navigation aircraft. According to the difference of control commands, the command relation between the commander and the cloud is divided into the following modes:

(1) ground-side control command S01: requesting control rights;

(2) ground station control command S02: controlling by a ground station;

(3) instruction S03: a return command, a specified location hover.

The public network data interface unit 16 is used for supporting information transmission between the ground director and the public network communication system 7 through a network, and the interface protocol also follows a general internet protocol format, namely a TCP/IP protocol, specifically, a link layer supports protocols such as ethernet, a network layer supports protocols such as IP, a transport layer supports protocols such as TCP, and an application layer supports analytic protocols such as HTTP.

The narrow band satellite data interface unit 18 is used for supporting information transmission between the ground director and the narrow band communication satellite communication system 13, and narrow band communication satellites such as scholaya satellites are connected with the ground director through a ground gateway station-to-network. The Shula sub-ground gateway station and the ground command machine adopt a network mode for communication, and an interface also follows a TCP/IP network protocol.

The Beidou satellite data interface unit 17 is used for supporting the ground commander to be connected with the Beidou satellite communication system 10, and the connection modes include the following two modes: one is transmitted through a ground gateway station, network access is adopted, and an interface protocol supports a TCP/IP protocol; the other type adopts a Beidou short message communication terminal (comprising a common terminal and a super terminal), and a Beidou card needs to be purchased. The data transmitted by the Beidou satellite link unit 11 is connected to a processing unit 19 of the commander through a serial port in a Beidou satellite data interface unit 17, and supports a serial port protocol RS 232.

The operation management platform interface unit 21 is used for supporting information transmission between the ground director and the navigation operation management platform, and an interface protocol follows a TCP/IP protocol. The transmission information comprises the flight state of the airplane, monitoring information in the flight process, safety alarm, other important information transmitted from the airplane to the command engine and the like.

The high-performance server part can provide hardware support for various functions of a software system of the ground director, including data integration, state monitoring and selection of a communication link, data analysis, real-time monitoring, navigation positioning, airplane attitude, airplane equipment state information, flight situation display and the like. And can save the flight data. The high performance server part can be divided into a processing unit 19 and a display unit 20 according to the functional requirements.

The processing unit 19 is responsible for completing tasks of data processing, analysis, storage, forwarding and the like of the ground director system. The data received by the four interface units, such as the cloud data interface unit 15, the public network data interface unit 16, the Beidou satellite data interface unit 17, the narrow-band satellite data interface unit 18 and the like, from the corresponding links are transmitted to the processing unit 19 in a unified manner. The processing unit 19 analyzes the acquired data, and transmits the data to the display unit 20 in different forms such as charts and the like for display according to actual requirements, so that ground commanders can analyze the data and make judgment. Further, the processing unit 19 completes storing the data, and forwards the data to the navigation operation management platform 22 through the operation management platform interface unit 21 for subsequent storage and processing. In addition, the processing unit is also responsible for processing the instruction sent by the ground commander, and different interfaces and links need to be automatically selected according to the actual situation, or corresponding interfaces and links need to be selected according to the active control of the ground commander, and the instruction sent by the ground is transmitted to the navigation airplane.

The function module of the multi-network fusion-oriented ground director provided by the invention is shown in fig. 3 and comprises a cloud data interface module 23, a public network data interface module 24, a Beidou data interface module 25, a satellite data interface module 26, a multi-network fusion data communication module 27, a main control module 28, a data display module 29, a background system management module 30 and a local data management module 31.

The cloud data interface module 23, the public network data interface module 24, the Beidou data interface module 25 and the satellite data interface module 26 are responsible for receiving and analyzing digital signals from corresponding links and transmitting the signals to the multi-network integration data communication module 27 in a unified manner.

The multi-network convergence data communication module 27 is responsible for automatically or manually selecting an appropriate link to complete a communication task in combination with a link selection algorithm, and monitoring the link selected by the ground and the airborne terminal in the process, so that the matching between the ground and the selected link of the airborne terminal is ensured, and a certain guarantee is provided for the communication process. After the link selection is completed, the multi-network converged data communication module transmits the acquired data to the main control module 28.

The main control module 28 analyzes and controls the data stream. According to actual requirements, the data are respectively transmitted to the data display module 29, the background system management module 30 and the local data management module 31.

The data display module 29 provides current space situation monitoring, track tracking, track display, map display, other graphic auxiliary display, track management operation, background map operation and other functions for ground commanders. The air flight situation display has various monitoring data processing capabilities and is used for data preprocessing. The processing and display of flight data are the core of the situation display function of the director.

The background system management module 30 monitors the director and the communication link in real time to form the functions of resource monitoring, network monitoring, log recording and the like, and information obtained by monitoring is visually displayed in a chart mode. Meanwhile, warning threshold value setting and fault notification are supported, so that whether the system operates normally is judged.

The input of the local data management module 31 is all analyzed communication data and instruction data input by controlling seats, and the storage mode is "timestamp + data". After the operator gives an instruction for calling the stored data, the local data management module can output corresponding stored content according to the requirement.

The data display module 29, the background system management module 30 and the local data management module 31 may be connected to a peripheral system to complete data transmission.

As shown in fig. 4, the sub-modules of the multi-network converged data communication module 27 include a data receiving and analyzing sub-module 32, a communication link automatic selection sub-module 34, a communication link active selection sub-module 35, a data forwarding sub-module 36, and a link status monitoring sub-module 33. The data receiving and analyzing submodule 32 is configured to obtain data transmitted by data interface modules such as the cloud data interface module 23, the public network data interface module 24, the beidou data interface module 25, the satellite data interface module 26, and the like, analyze the data, and forward the data to the communication link automatic selection submodule 34, the communication link active selection submodule 35, and the link state monitoring submodule 33. The communication link automatic selection sub-module 34 is responsible for judging the availability of the link according to the actual situation by combining with the link selection algorithm, selecting an applicable communication link to complete the communication task, and transmitting the data to the data forwarding sub-module 36. The communication link active selection sub-module 35 is responsible for selecting a corresponding communication link to complete a communication task according to an instruction sent by a ground commander by combining a link selection algorithm, and transmitting data to the data forwarding sub-module 36. The data forwarding sub-module 36 transmits the received data to the main control module 28, and then the main control module is handed over to complete the subsequent processing of the data. The link state monitoring submodule 33 is configured to monitor each link accessed by the ground director, determine whether the link is available, and provide support for link selection.

The link selection algorithm is shown in fig. 5, and includes the following steps:

and (1) detecting the state of the alternative link.

Step (2): a determination is made as to whether a link is available.

And (3): and judging whether to automatically control the link.

And (5): the flying height exceeds 300 meters.

And (6): the flying height does not exceed 300 meters.

And (7): a link is actively selected manually among the available links.

And (9): and adopting the selected link to carry out communication.

The data flow direction between the ground director system and the peripheral system facing multi-network convergence, which is proposed by the present invention, is shown in fig. 6, and is described as follows: in a general aviation safety monitoring and operation management scene oriented to multi-network fusion, relevant data of a navigation aircraft 37 is acquired and recorded by a data acquisition and recording device 2, the acquired data comprises key indexes such as navigation position information, attitude information, engine parameters, aircraft health state and the like of the navigation aircraft, and the data acquisition and recording device completes digital-to-analog conversion and the like on the data and forwards the data to a multi-mode terminal 38. The multimode terminal 38 performs frequency conversion, filtering, power amplification and other processing on the received data, selects an available one from a cloud communication system and link 39, a public network communication system and link 40, a narrowband satellite communication system and link 41, and a beidou satellite communication system and link 42, and transmits the processed data. The ground director 43 receives the processed key indexes from the corresponding communication links, and after completing the processing of frequency conversion, filtering, etc., the processed key indexes are further sent to the navigation operation management platform 22 for subsequent operations such as storage, analysis, etc.

Example 1:

the embodiment provides an interface adapter and high-performance server parameters for a multi-network-convergence-oriented ground director system:

(1) interface adapter:

cloud data interface unit 15: the cloud communication system 5 adopts an Aliskian server to realize that the cloud sends and the commander receives Aliskian data (transparent transmission) through a mobile whole network 2/3/4G network and a satellite communication network. The protocol format definition of the pass-through data is shown in the following table. Wherein, group send represents that the Allium cloud server sends, and Srv reply represents that airborne communication module replies to and pass through the corresponding instruction. The ground command machine sends a control instruction to the cloud end, so that remote command and control of the navigation aircraft are realized.

The public network data interface unit 16: the interface protocol follows a general internet protocol format, namely a TCP/IP protocol, specifically, a link layer supports protocols such as Ethernet, a network layer supports protocols such as IP, a transmission layer supports protocols such as TCP, and an application layer supports analytic protocols such as http.

③ narrow band satellite data interface unit 18: the interface follows the TCP/IP network protocol. Selecting a Shula satellite as a narrow-band satellite, wherein the requirements of the ground command machine body interface for connecting the ground terminal of the Shula satellite comprise: the Ethernet-RJ-45 network card is configured to conform to the IEEE 802.11B/G/N standard, and the data transmission conforms to the TCP/IP protocol.

The Beidou satellite data interface unit 17: one is transmitted through a ground gateway station, network access is adopted, and an interface protocol supports a TCP/IP protocol; the other type adopts a Beidou short message communication terminal (comprising a common terminal and a super terminal), and a Beidou card needs to be purchased. All big dipper terminals are connected to the high performance server of commander through the serial ports, support serial port protocol RS 232.

(2) The high-performance server part: the high performance server comprises a processing unit 19 and a display unit 20. A keyboard, a mouse and an alarm button are required to be arranged on the operating console; the display unit 20 includes a display having a resolution of 1920 × 1800p, and supports DVI input. The parameters required by the processing unit 19 are as follows:

CPU: i7 processor, the dominant frequency is not lower than 2.1 GHz;

secondly, memory: not less than 8 GByte;

③ hard disk: not less than 512 GByte;

fourthly, displaying the card: a 2-channel DVI output interface, wherein the display resolution supports 1920 × 1080;

a network card: 100/1000Mbit self-adaptation, interface RJ-45, 2;

sixthly, serial ports: 1 path of RS-232/RS-485 serial port, the highest baud rate of the serial port supports 115200 bps;

seventh, a USB port: 4-way USB3.0 interface.

(3) A software platform: the invention provides a multi-network integration-oriented ground director system which has the following requirements on parameters of an operation platform:

operating a system: windows XP

Development environment: visual Studio C +

Situation awareness display interface: the geographic information system of the Baidu map/Gaode map superposes the low-altitude chart and develops the tool udig.

Fourthly, database: mysql

Operating environment: windows XP.

Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, but various changes may be apparent to those skilled in the art, and it is intended that all inventive concepts utilizing the inventive concepts set forth herein be protected without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ground director system oriented to multi-network fusion is characterized by comprising:

respectively, a communication link, which communicates data with the server part via an interface adapter,

the communication link comprises four link units, namely a cloud link unit, a public network link unit, a Beidou satellite link unit, a narrow-band satellite link unit and the like, and simultaneously supports a cloud access mode and a ground station access mode;

the interface adapter comprises a cloud data interface unit, a public network data interface unit, a narrow-band satellite data interface unit, a Beidou satellite data interface unit and an operation management platform interface unit.

2. The ground director system oriented to multi-network fusion of claim 1, wherein the cloud access mode is used for data transmission through a cloud link unit, the cloud link serves as a unified receiving end, when navigation position information, attitude information, engine parameters and aircraft health state key indexes acquired by a base station, a Beidou satellite and a narrow-band satellite are received, the base station, the Beidou satellite and the narrow-band satellite respectively transmit the key data to a cloud communication system and further transmit the key data to the cloud link unit, and then the director reads the data from the cloud link unit through a cloud data interface unit; in the cloud access mode, the data access mode is TCP transparent data transmission or UDP transparent data transmission access, the communication mode supports a fixed IP communication mode and a dynamic domain name communication mode, and the cloud server supports remote data transparent transmission;

the ground station access mode is that key index data are transmitted through three links, namely a public network link unit, a Beidou satellite link unit and a narrow-band satellite link unit respectively; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the public network link unit supports data transmission through the Internet and comprises an Ethernet card, a switch, a router and a network cable, information is transmitted and processed in a public network communication system at first, then the public network communication system forwards the information to the public network link unit in the ground commander, and the information is further sent to the public network data interface unit;

the Beidou satellite communication system transmits and processes the information to a Beidou satellite link unit in the ground command machine and further transmits the information to a Beidou satellite data interface unit;

the narrow band satellite communication system transmits and processes the information to the narrow band satellite link unit in the ground director and further sends the information to the narrow band satellite data interface unit.

3. The multi-network convergence-oriented ground director system according to claim 1, wherein the cloud data interface unit is configured to support information transmission between the ground director and a cloud communication system;

the ground command machine sends a control instruction to the cloud communication system to realize remote command control on the navigation airplane;

the public network data interface unit is used for supporting the information transmission between the ground commander and the public network communication system through a network;

the narrow-band satellite data interface unit is used for supporting information transmission between the ground command machine and a narrow-band communication satellite communication system, and the narrow-band communication satellite is connected with the ground command machine through a ground gateway station-to-network;

the Beidou satellite data interface unit is used for supporting the ground commander to be connected with a Beidou satellite communication system, and the Beidou satellite link unit transmits data, and the Beidou satellite data interface unit is connected with the processing unit of the commander through a serial port;

the operation management platform interface unit is used for supporting information transmission between the ground director and the navigation operation management platform, and an interface protocol follows a TCP/IP protocol.

4. The ground director system for multi-network convergence according to claim 1,

the server can provide support for various functions of a software system of the ground commander, including data integration, state monitoring and selection of a communication link, data analysis, real-time monitoring, navigation positioning, airplane attitude, airplane equipment state information and flight situation display, and can store flight data, and the high-performance server part comprises a processing unit and a display unit according to functional requirements;

the processing unit is responsible for completing tasks of data processing, analysis, storage, forwarding and the like of the ground director system; the data received by the cloud data interface unit, the public network data interface unit, the Beidou satellite data interface unit and the narrow-band satellite data interface unit from the corresponding links are transmitted to the processing unit in a unified manner;

the processing unit analyzes the acquired data, and transmits the data to the display unit in different forms for display according to actual requirements, so that ground commanders can analyze and make judgment;

the processing unit can finish storing the data and forwards the data to the navigation operation management platform through the operation management platform interface unit for subsequent storage and processing; the processing unit is also responsible for processing the instruction sent by the ground commander, and different interfaces and links need to be automatically selected according to the actual situation or corresponding interfaces and links need to be selected according to the active control of the ground commander, and the instruction sent by the ground is transmitted to the navigation airplane.

5. The ground director system for multi-network convergence according to claim 1,

the function module of the ground commander system comprises a cloud data interface module, a public network data interface module, a Beidou data interface module, a satellite data interface module, a multi-network fusion data communication module, a main control module, a data display module, a background system management module and a local data management module;

the cloud data interface module, the public network data interface module, the Beidou data interface module and the satellite data interface module are responsible for receiving and analyzing digital signals from corresponding links and uniformly transmitting the signals to the multi-network fusion data communication module;

the multi-network converged data communication module is responsible for automatically or manually selecting an applicable link to complete a communication task in combination with a link selection algorithm, monitoring the link selected by the ground and the airborne terminal in the process, ensuring the matching of the link selected by the ground and the airborne terminal, providing a certain guarantee for the communication process, and transmitting the acquired data to the main control module after the link selection is completed;

the main control module analyzes and controls the data stream, and respectively transmits the data to the data display module, the background system management module and the local data management module according to actual requirements;

the data display module provides current air situation monitoring, track tracking, track display, map display, other graph auxiliary display for ground commanders, and provides functions of track management operation, background map operation and the like, the air flight situation display has various monitoring data processing capabilities and performs data preprocessing, and the processing and display of flight data are the core of the situation display function of the commander;

the background system management module monitors the commander and the communication link in real time to form functions of resource monitoring, network monitoring, log recording and the like, information obtained by monitoring is visually displayed in a chart mode, and meanwhile, warning threshold value setting and fault notification are supported to judge whether the system runs normally or not;

the input of the local data management module is all analyzed communication data and command data input by the control seat, the storage mode is 'timestamp + data', and after an operator gives a command for calling the stored data, the local data management module can output corresponding stored contents according to requirements;

6. The ground director system for multi-network convergence according to claim 1,

the multi-network fusion data communication module comprises a data receiving and analyzing submodule, a communication link automatic selection submodule, a communication link active selection submodule, a data forwarding submodule and a link state monitoring submodule;

the data receiving and analyzing submodule is used for acquiring data transmitted by data interface modules such as a cloud data interface module, a public network data interface module, a Beidou data interface module, a satellite data interface module and the like, analyzing the data and then forwarding the analyzed data to the communication link automatic selection submodule, the communication link active selection submodule and the link state monitoring submodule;

the communication link automatic selection submodule is responsible for combining with a link selection algorithm, judging the availability of the link according to actual conditions, selecting an applicable communication link to be responsible for completing a communication task, transmitting data to the data forwarding submodule, the communication link active selection submodule is responsible for combining with the link selection algorithm, selecting a corresponding communication link to be responsible for completing the communication task according to an instruction sent by a ground commander, transmitting the data to the data forwarding submodule, the data forwarding submodule transmits the received data to the main control module to complete subsequent processing of the data, and the link state monitoring submodule is used for monitoring each link accessed by the ground commander, judging whether the link is available, and providing support for link selection.

7. A data transmission method for the ground director system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the link selection at the time of data transmission comprises the steps of:

step (1): detecting the state of the alternative link;

step (2): judging whether a link is available;

based on the detection and the record of the availability of the four links in the step (1), analyzing according to the detection result, and if one or more links are in an available state, turning to the step (3); if all four links are in the unavailable state, the step (10) needs to be carried out;

and (3): judging whether to automatically control the link, wherein a multi-network fusion data communication module of the ground commander comprises a communication link automatic selection sub-module and a communication link active selection sub-module which respectively correspond to the link automatic selection and the active selection, and under the condition that the link is available, the ground commander selects which form to adopt to control the link, and if the automatic control is adopted, the step (4) is carried out; if active control is adopted, turning to the step (7);

and (4): automatic control link: judging whether the current flying height of the navigation airplane is greater than 300 meters;

the flight altitude of the navigable aircraft needs to be determined first. The ground director system facing multi-network integration provided by the invention selects 300 meters as a height threshold value, and different operations are adopted according to whether the flight height of a navigation airplane is 300 meters or not; if the flying height exceeds 300 m, turning to the step (5); if the length is not more than 300 meters, turning to the step (6);

and (5): when the flying height of the navigation airplane exceeds 300 meters, the communication is directly carried out by depending on a satellite; if the narrow-band satellite communication system and the related link thereof are available, the narrow-band satellite communication system is preferentially selected to complete communication, a mode that the narrow-band satellite communication system transmits to a cloud link is adopted, and when the cloud link is unavailable, the narrow-band satellite communication link is adopted; if the narrow-band satellite communication system and the related link thereof are unavailable, the Beidou satellite communication system is adopted as an alternative scheme, a form that the Beidou satellite communication system transmits to the cloud link is adopted, and when the cloud link is unavailable, the Beidou satellite communication link is adopted; after the link is selected, the step (8) is carried out to carry out the consistency check of the communication links of the airborne terminal and the ground terminal;

and (6): when the flying height of the navigation airplane does not exceed 300 meters, sequentially selecting a public network communication system, a narrow-band satellite communication system and a Beidou satellite communication system according to the priority to complete communication work; for each communication system, a cloud link is preferentially selected for data transmission, if the cloud link is unavailable, a public network link, a narrow-band satellite link and a Beidou satellite link are sequentially selected, and after the link is selected, the step (8) is carried out to carry out the consistency check of the communication links of the airborne terminal and the ground terminal;

and (7): manually and actively selecting one link from the available links, and manually and actively selecting one link from the available links by the ground commander according to the current actual environment and task execution condition and by referring to the state detection result of each selected link to finish the communication work; under the active selection link mode, the priority of the link is not effective any more, and the command of a ground commander is taken as the standard; after the link is selected, the step (8) is carried out to carry out the consistency check of the communication links of the airborne terminal and the ground terminal;

and (8): judging whether the communication links of the airborne terminal and the ground terminal are consistent, finishing automatic control of the communication links by a ground commander system, or after a ground commander actively selects an available communication link, carrying out consistency check on the communication links by a link state monitoring submodule of the ground commander system to ensure that the communication links selected by the airborne terminal are consistent with the communication links selected by the ground commander; if the checking result is that the links of the airborne end and the ground end are consistent, the step (9) is carried out for communication; if not, turning to the step (3), and reselecting to replace the ground end link in an automatic control or active selection mode;

and (9): the selected link is adopted for communication, when the available communication link selected by the onboard end and the ground end passes consistency check, the link selection work is finished, and the ground director system adopts the selected communication link to communicate with the onboard end;

step (10): and (3) alarming to a control center: the link is unavailable;

after the ground director checks the state of each alternative link in the step (1), if any link is not available, the subsequent link selection process cannot be carried out, and the ground end cannot establish effective communication with the airborne end through the alternative link; at this time, an alarm needs to be sent to the control center to inform that all the links are in an unavailable state so as to take emergency measures.