CN114322831A - High-precision measurement device and measurement method for size of complex structure - Google Patents

High-precision measurement device and measurement method for size of complex structure Download PDF

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CN114322831A
CN114322831A CN202111659631.0A CN202111659631A CN114322831A CN 114322831 A CN114322831 A CN 114322831A CN 202111659631 A CN202111659631 A CN 202111659631A CN 114322831 A CN114322831 A CN 114322831A
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light source
led light
reverse piezoelectric
self
structure body
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姜振海
冷笑颜
王超
孙勇
刘国琴
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Nanjing Qiuchen Photoelectric Technology Co ltd
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Nanjing Qiuchen Photoelectric Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a high-precision measurement device and a measurement method for the size of a complex structure body, belongs to the technical field of optical measurement, and relates to a self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure for high-precision measurement, which comprises a self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body, wherein the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body comprises an LED light source plate, a shaping grating is arranged above the LED light source plate, an insulating fixing plate is arranged below the LED light source plate in a spaced manner, n reverse piezoelectric actuators for adjusting the direction of the LED light source plate are arranged between the LED light source plate and the insulating fixing plate, wherein n is more than or equal to 2, the reverse piezoelectric actuators are electrically connected with a digital power supply controller, and the n reverse piezoelectric actuators are connected in parallel; the invention utilizes 5 sets of reverse piezoelectric actuators to form a space adjusting tool, can randomly adjust the space position of the parallel backlight source normal phase surface, does not need to accurately position an object to be measured, only needs to be placed on one parallel transparent glass, and has simple operation and safe and convenient use.

Description

High-precision measurement device and measurement method for size of complex structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical measurement, in particular to a high-precision measurement device and a measurement method for the size of a complex structure.
Background
With the scientific and technological progress and the acceleration of the industrial modernization process, mechanical equipment is developing towards the direction of large-scale, high-efficiency, precision and continuity in order to more effectively improve the production efficiency and quality of products and meet the requirements of modernization. With the development of modernization of mechanical equipment, the structure of the equipment also presents a complicated trend, and parts adopted in the equipment also present complication and precision, so that on one hand, the manufacturing precision of the equipment directly influences the performance of the whole machine after assembly; on the other hand, if the precision error is large, a catastrophic accident may be caused. Therefore, the method has important significance for measurement research of the dimensional accuracy of the complex structure.
At present, all need the backlight in order to promote the detection precision to the detection of complicated geometry part profile class size precision on the market, but common backlight need be carried out artifical the adjustment by the measurement personnel as required, and is higher to experience requirement, and manual operation has also increased the detection degree of difficulty simultaneously.
Aiming at complex mechanical parts, the geometric characteristics of the parts can include a plurality of geometric characteristics such as holes, planes, cambered surfaces, angles and the like or a combination of single geometric characteristics, the backlight source of common detection equipment is difficult to adjust, and the detection precision is seriously influenced, so that the backlight source equipment which is simple and convenient to operate, has the function of self-adaptively adjusting the light source angle and is low in price is urgently needed to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a high-precision measurement device and a measurement method for the size of a complex structure, wherein 5 sets of reverse piezoelectric actuators are used to form a space adjustment tool, the space position of the parallel backlight source normal phase surface can be adjusted at will, the object to be measured does not need to be accurately positioned, and only needs to be placed on one parallel transparent glass, so that the measurement device and the measurement method are simple to operate and safe and convenient to use.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a high-precision measurement device for the size of a complex structure body, which comprises a self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body, wherein the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body comprises an LED light source plate, a shaping grating is arranged above the LED light source plate, an insulating fixing plate is arranged below the LED light source plate in a spaced mode, n reverse piezoelectric actuators for adjusting the direction of the LED light source plate are arranged between the LED light source plate and the insulating fixing plate, n is more than or equal to 2, the reverse piezoelectric actuators are electrically connected with a digital power supply controller, and the n reverse piezoelectric actuators are connected in parallel.
Furthermore, the space above the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body is provided with a light-transmitting glass for placing a measured object, and the space above the light-transmitting glass is provided with an optocoupler sensor.
Furthermore, the reverse piezoelectric actuator comprises a plurality of reverse piezoelectric sheets which are vertically arranged, and an insulating layer is arranged between every two adjacent reverse piezoelectric sheets.
Further, the LED light source board comprises LED light source array lamp beads and an insulated carbon fiber rigid backboard.
A measuring method of a high-precision measuring device for the size of a complex structure comprises the following steps:
(1) placing an object to be detected above the light-transmitting glass, wherein the optical coupling sensor is positioned above the object to be detected, and the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body is positioned below the object to be detected;
(2) the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body is utilized to start measurement, the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body in an initial state is in a relative zero position, the optical coupling sensor receives an optical signal, and the measured profile of the measured object is not accurately positioned, so that H calculated by the optical coupling sensor cannot accurately reflect the dimensional accuracy of the measured profile of the measured object;
(3) send digital instruction to 5 reverse piezoelectricity actuators through digital power supply controller, make the parallel backlight structure body of self-adaptation adjust the position according to space angle, the space angle mode of resolving: and (3) increasing the voltage values in a theta and alpha circulating stepping digital mode to complete the omnibearing coverage of the normal surface of the backlight source, and remembering the position of the azimuth when the H value reaches the minimum value to complete the measurement of the measured dimension.
Further, in the step (3), a spatial angle calculation manner, that is, an algorithm for determining the final azimuth position of the LED light source board is as follows:
(a) setting light source normal plane initial dynamic seatThe criteria are (x, y, z), and the equations for the 5 inverse piezoelectric actuators are set to: (x)1,y1,z1)、(x2,y2,z2)、(x3,y3,z3)、(x4,y4,z4)、(x5,y5,z5) The normal plane equation is:
ax+by+cz+d=0
(b) a space plane equation is constructed by using 5 points, and a plane initial equation can be obtained according to the traditional space transformation coordinates as follows:
a0x+b0y+c0z+d0=0
(c) and solving the vector radius as follows:
Figure BDA0003446629800000021
wherein: k0 is shown as an initial value.
(d) Two space rotation angles are defined as a double space nesting function and are respectively set as:
θ=θi+ Δ i (Δ i ═ Δ P + mi) and α ═ αj+Δj(Δj=ΔQ+nj)
Wherein:
θiand alphajThe initial space angle value is in an electronic digital form of M +00 and N + 00;
Δ i and Δ j are cyclic stepping spatial angle values, Δ P and Δ Q are initial cyclic stepping spatial angle values, mi and nj are cyclic stepping spatial angle step values, each initial value is given by each light source after being calibrated, mi and nj are respectively set as increment amounts M +01 and N +01, and each subdivision value represents a spatial subdivision angle transformation value.
(e) Constructing a detection numerical function of the optical coupling sensor:
Figure BDA0003446629800000031
wherein:
Figure BDA0003446629800000032
obtaining by an image algorithm and converting into a vector form;
and then a novel space normal plane equation vector form is constructed again as follows:
Figure BDA0003446629800000033
wherein: x is the number ofp=Rkpcosθcosα,yp=Rkpcosθsinα,zp=Rkpsin θ, P ═ 0, 1,2, 3.) is the step iteration value,
the formula starts with P-0 and iterates until Δ P-Pv+1-pvAnd (3) finishing equation iteration when the minimum value is reached, wherein v is the v-th iteration period, further solving a target equation, namely solving the values of the steps a, b, c and d, determining the target equation expressed in the step (a), and further determining the final azimuth position of the LED light source plate (11).
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention utilizes 5 groups of reverse piezoelectric actuators to form a space adjusting tool, and can randomly adjust the space position of the normal phase plane of the parallel backlight source, wherein the reverse piezoelectric actuators comprise laminated reverse piezoelectric sheets, and can complete the preset volume expansion and compression through digital electronic signal control to achieve the purpose of freely adjusting the height, the reverse piezoelectric sheets are made of graphene materials and can complete charge and discharge, and the volume can be expanded and compressed along with the equivalent linear relation in the charge and discharge process.
2. The self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body can automatically adjust the angle of emitted parallel light, an object to be detected does not need to be accurately positioned, the geometric dimension of the object to be detected can be detected, the dimension detection precision can reach the micrometer level, and the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body is simple to operate and safe and convenient to use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-adaptive parallel backlight structure body according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural distribution of an LED light source board and a reverse piezoelectric actuator according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a reverse piezoelectric actuator of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the test results of the present invention.
1. A self-adaptive parallel backlight structure body; 10. shaping the grating; 11. an LED light source plate; 12. a reverse piezoelectric actuator; 121. an insulating layer; 122. a reverse piezoelectric sheet; 13. an insulating fixing plate; 14. a digital power supply controller.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6 of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention, are within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-4:
the utility model provides a complicated structure size high accuracy measuring device, includes the parallel backlight structure body of self-adaptation, the parallel backlight structure body of self-adaptation includes LED light source board 11, the top of LED light source board 11 is equipped with plastic grating 10, the below of LED light source board 11 is separated empty and is equipped with insulating fixed plate 13, be equipped with n reverse piezoelectric actuator 12 that are used for adjusting LED light source board 11 position between LED light source board 11 and the insulating fixed plate 13, wherein, n is greater than or equal to 2, reverse piezoelectric actuator 12 is connected with digital power supply controller 14 electricity, and n is parallelly connected between the reverse piezoelectric actuator 12.
The reverse piezoelectric actuator 12 includes a plurality of reverse piezoelectric patches 122 vertically arranged, and an insulating layer 121 is disposed between adjacent reverse piezoelectric patches 122.
The reverse piezoelectric actuator 12 is formed by laminating reverse piezoelectric sheets 122, and can complete the predetermined volume expansion and compression through the control of digital electronic signals, thereby achieving the purpose of freely adjusting the height.
The reverse piezoelectric sheet 122 is made of graphene material, and can complete charging and discharging, and the volume of the reverse piezoelectric sheet expands and compresses along with the equivalent linear relationship in the charging and discharging processes.
The shaping grating 10 is used to shape the LED light source plate 11 into parallel light.
The insulating fixing plate 13 is made of an insulating carbon fiber rigid back plate.
The digital power controller 14 provides digital control signals to precisely control the amount of volume expansion and contraction of each opposing piezoelectric actuator 12.
The self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure comprises a self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body 1, wherein a transparent glass 2 used for placing a measured object is arranged above the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body 1 in a spaced mode, and an optocoupler sensor 4 is arranged above the transparent glass 2 in a spaced mode; the optical coupler sensor 4 is used for receiving an optical signal.
The LED light source board 11 comprises LED light source array lamp beads and an insulated carbon fiber rigid backboard.
As shown in fig. 1-6:
a measuring method of a high-precision measuring device for the size of a complex structure comprises the following steps:
(1) an object gear to be detected is placed above the light-transmitting glass 2, namely on the surface of the parallel optical glass, the optical coupling sensor 4 is positioned above the object gear to be detected, and the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body 1 is positioned below the object gear to be detected;
(2) the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body 1 is utilized to start measurement, the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body 1 in an initial state is in a relative zero position, the optical coupler sensor 4 receives an optical signal, and the measured outline of the measured object is not accurately positioned, so that H calculated by the optical coupler sensor 4 cannot accurately reflect the measured outline size precision of the measured object;
(3) digital instructions are sent to 5 reverse piezoelectric actuators 12 through a digital power supply controller 14, so that the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body 1 adjusts the azimuth according to the space angle, and the space angle is resolved: and (3) increasing the voltage values in a theta and alpha circulating stepping digital mode to complete the omnibearing coverage of the normal surface of the backlight source, and remembering the position of the azimuth when the H value reaches the minimum value to complete the measurement of the measured dimension.
In the step (3), the spatial angle calculation method, that is, the algorithm for determining the final azimuth position of the LED light source board 11, is as follows:
(a) the initial dynamic coordinate system of the light source normal plane is set to be (x, y, z), and then the equations of the 5 reverse piezoelectric actuators are respectively set to be as follows: (x)1,y1,z1)、(x2,y2,z2)、(x3,y3,z3)、(x4,y4,z4)、(x5,y5,z5) The normal plane equation is:
ax+by+cz+d=0
(b) a space plane equation is constructed by using 5 points, and a plane initial equation can be obtained according to the traditional space transformation coordinates as follows:
a0x+b0y+c0z+d0=0
(c) and solving the vector radius as follows:
Figure BDA0003446629800000061
wherein: k0 is shown as an initial value.
(d) Two space rotation angles are defined as a double space nesting function and are respectively set as:
θ=θi+ Δ i (Δ i ═ Δ P + mi) and α ═ α j + Δ j (Δ j ═ Δ Q + nj)
Wherein:
θiand alphajThe initial space angle value is in an electronic digital form of M +00 and N + 00;
Δ i and Δ j are cyclic stepping spatial angle values, Δ P and Δ Q are initial cyclic stepping spatial angle values, mi and nj are cyclic stepping spatial angle step values, each initial value is given by each light source after being calibrated, mi and nj are respectively set as increment amounts M +01 and N +01, and each subdivision value represents a spatial subdivision angle transformation value.
(e) Constructing a detection numerical function of the optical coupling sensor:
Figure BDA0003446629800000062
wherein:
Figure BDA0003446629800000063
obtaining by an image algorithm and converting into a vector form;
and then a novel space normal plane equation vector form is constructed again as follows:
Figure BDA0003446629800000064
wherein: x is the number ofp=Rkpcosθcosα,yp=Rkpcosθsinα,zp=Rkpsin θ, P ═ 0, 1,2, 3.) is the step iteration value,
the formula starts with P-0 and iterates until Δ P-Pv+1-pvAnd (3) finishing equation iteration when the minimum value is reached, wherein v is the v-th iteration period, further solving a target equation, namely solving the values of the steps a, b, c and d, determining the target equation expressed in the step (a), and further determining the final azimuth position of the LED light source plate (11).
As shown in FIG. 6, the embodiment is used for measuring the common normal length of the gear, and the detection precision can reach 0.002 mm.
When the general parallel backlight source is used for detecting the profile, a workpiece needs to be accurately positioned, the detected profile needs to be ensured to be vertical to the backlight source, and the detection precision of micron level can be achieved.
In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, for example, it may be fixedly attached, detachably attached, or integrated; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a complicated structure size high accuracy measuring device which characterized in that: the device comprises a self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body (1), wherein transparent glass (2) used for placing a measured object is arranged above the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body (1) in a spaced mode, and an optical coupler sensor (4) is arranged above the transparent glass (2) in a spaced mode;
the adaptive parallel backlight structure body (1) comprises an LED light source plate (11), a shaping grating (10) is arranged above the LED light source plate (11), an insulating fixing plate (13) is arranged below the LED light source plate (11) in a spaced mode, n reverse piezoelectric actuators (12) used for adjusting the direction of the LED light source plate (11) are arranged between the LED light source plate (11) and the insulating fixing plate (13), n is larger than or equal to 2, the reverse piezoelectric actuators (12) are electrically connected with a digital power supply controller (14), and the n reverse piezoelectric actuators (12) are connected in parallel.
2. The complex structure dimension high accuracy measuring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reverse piezoelectric actuator (12) comprises a plurality of reverse piezoelectric sheets (122) which are vertically arranged, and an insulating layer (121) is arranged between every two adjacent reverse piezoelectric sheets (122).
3. The complex structure dimension high accuracy measuring apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the LED light source board (11) comprises LED light source array lamp beads and an insulated carbon fiber rigid backboard.
4. A measuring method of a complex structure dimension high accuracy measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) an object to be detected is placed above the light-transmitting glass (2), the optical coupling sensor (4) is located above the object to be detected, and the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body (1) is located below the object to be detected;
(2) the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body (1) is utilized to start measurement, the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body (1) in an initial state is in a relative zero position, the optical coupling sensor (4) receives an optical signal, and the measured outline of the measured object is not accurately positioned, so that H calculated by the optical coupling sensor (4) cannot accurately reflect the dimensional accuracy of the measured outline of the measured object;
(3) digital instructions are sent to 5 reverse piezoelectric actuators (12) through a digital power supply controller (14), so that the self-adaptive parallel backlight source structure body (1) adjusts the azimuth according to the space angle, and the space angle resolving mode is as follows: and (3) increasing the voltage values in a theta and alpha circulating stepping digital mode to complete the omnibearing coverage of the normal surface of the backlight source, and remembering the position of the azimuth when the H value reaches the minimum value to complete the measurement of the measured dimension.
5. The method of measuring a complex structure dimension high accuracy measuring apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the step (3), a spatial angle calculation mode, namely an algorithm for determining the final azimuth position of the LED light source plate (11), is as follows:
(a) the initial dynamic coordinate system of the light source normal plane is set to be (x, y, z), and then the equations of the 5 reverse piezoelectric actuators are respectively set to be as follows: (x)1,y1,z1)、(x2,y2,z2)、(x3,y3,z3)、(x4,y4,z4)、(x5,y5,z5) The normal plane equation is:
ax+by+cz+d=0
(b) a space plane equation is constructed by using 5 points, and a plane initial equation can be obtained according to the traditional space transformation coordinates as follows:
a0x+b0y+c0z+d0=0
Figure FDA0003446629790000021
wherein: k0 is expressed as an initial value;
(d) two space rotation angles are defined as a double space nesting function and are respectively set as:
θ=θi+ Δ i (Δ i ═ Δ P + mi) and a ═ αj+Δj(Δj=ΔQ+nj)
Wherein:
θiand alphajThe initial space angle value is in an electronic digital form of M +00 and N + 00;
Δ i and Δ j are cyclic stepping spatial angle values, Δ P and Δ Q are initial cyclic stepping spatial angle values, mi and nj are cyclic stepping spatial angle step values, each initial value is given by each light source after being calibrated, mi and nj are respectively set as increment amounts M +01 and N +01, and each subdivision value represents a spatial subdivision angle transformation value.
(e) Constructing a detection numerical function of the optical coupling sensor:
Figure FDA0003446629790000022
wherein:
Figure FDA0003446629790000023
obtaining by an image algorithm and converting into a vector form;
and then a novel space normal plane equation vector form is constructed again as follows:
Figure FDA0003446629790000024
wherein: x is the number ofp=Rkpcosθcosα,yp=Rkpcosθsinα,zp=Rkpsin θ, P ═ 0, 1,2, 3.) is the step iteration value,
the formula starts with P-0 and iterates until Δ P-Pv+1-pvAnd (3) finishing equation iteration when the minimum value is reached, wherein v is the v-th iteration period, further solving a target equation, namely solving the values of the steps a, b, c and d, determining the target equation expressed in the step (a), and further determining the final azimuth position of the LED light source plate (11).
CN202111659631.0A 2021-12-30 2021-12-30 High-precision measurement device and measurement method for size of complex structure Pending CN114322831A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002214544A (en) * 2000-11-20 2002-07-31 Sony Corp Optical modulator, optical modulation element and method of manufacturing the same, and projection system
JP2011237281A (en) * 2010-05-11 2011-11-24 Seiko Epson Corp Method and system for measuring piezoelectric characteristic
CN103499297A (en) * 2013-10-25 2014-01-08 爱科维申科技(天津)有限公司 CCD (Charge Coupled Device)-based high-accuracy measuring method
CN203405174U (en) * 2013-07-31 2014-01-22 北京精雕科技有限公司 A machine vision on-machine measuring system equipped with backlight sources
US20180087964A1 (en) * 2015-04-28 2018-03-29 Panasonic Corporation Spectroscopic module control method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002214544A (en) * 2000-11-20 2002-07-31 Sony Corp Optical modulator, optical modulation element and method of manufacturing the same, and projection system
JP2011237281A (en) * 2010-05-11 2011-11-24 Seiko Epson Corp Method and system for measuring piezoelectric characteristic
CN203405174U (en) * 2013-07-31 2014-01-22 北京精雕科技有限公司 A machine vision on-machine measuring system equipped with backlight sources
CN103499297A (en) * 2013-10-25 2014-01-08 爱科维申科技(天津)有限公司 CCD (Charge Coupled Device)-based high-accuracy measuring method
US20180087964A1 (en) * 2015-04-28 2018-03-29 Panasonic Corporation Spectroscopic module control method

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