CN114320317A - Construction method for weak surrounding rock section of short-step super-large section tunnel - Google Patents
Construction method for weak surrounding rock section of short-step super-large section tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN114320317A CN114320317A CN202210076583.0A CN202210076583A CN114320317A CN 114320317 A CN114320317 A CN 114320317A CN 202210076583 A CN202210076583 A CN 202210076583A CN 114320317 A CN114320317 A CN 114320317A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 101150054854 POU1F1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a weak surrounding rock section of a short-step super-large section tunnel, belonging to the technical field of tunnel construction and comprising the following steps of: s1: excavating a top arc guide pit; s2: excavating middle steps on the left side and the right side; s3: excavating lower steps on the left side and the right side; s4: excavating core soil; s5: excavating the tunnel bottom and supporting the inverted arch. The construction method has the advantages of high safety, quick construction progress, short construction period, stable supporting structure, short forming time of each ring, larger construction space, convenience for mechanical slag discharge, quick construction effect and capability of effectively shortening the closed ring forming time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and mainly relates to a construction method of a weak surrounding rock section of a short-step super-large section tunnel.
Background
The construction of the tunnel with the ultra-large cross section is always a difficult point in the construction of the tunnel, and along with the high-speed development of highway construction in China, the number of the large cross section tunnels with three lanes and four lanes in the highway tunnel is more and more. The tunnel section is constantly increased, the tunnel construction difficulty is increased, and in addition, most tunnels have the characteristics of weak surrounding rocks, complex geology, shallow burying, rich water and the like, so that the construction is more difficult. In the prior art, common excavation methods for tunnel construction include a full-section method, a step method, an annular pilot tunnel (reserved core soil) method, a middle partition wall method (CD method), a cross middle partition wall method (CRD method), a double-side-wall pilot tunnel method and the like, and different excavation methods are selected according to different tunnel conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a short-step oversized-section tunnel weak surrounding rock, which can well overcome the defects of the traditional construction method, is quick in construction progress, can improve the construction efficiency, is controllable in safety risk, and can obtain a stable supporting structure.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the construction method of the weak surrounding rock of the short-step super-large section tunnel comprises the following steps:
s1: excavating a top arc guide pit: excavating a top arc guide pit, reserving core soil, and constructing a primary support;
s2: left and right excavation of middle steps on two sides: after the excavation of the arc-shaped guide pit at the top of S1 is advanced by 3-5m, excavating middle steps at the left side and the right side, wherein the length of the middle steps is 2-3m, and performing primary support;
s3: excavating two lower steps on the left side and the right side: after the excavation of the middle steps at the left side and the right side of S2 is advanced by 2-3m, the excavation of the lower steps at the left side and the right side is carried out, the length of the lower steps is 18-24m, and primary support is carried out;
s4: excavating core soil: excavating core soil after excavating the left lower step and the right lower step in advance by 3-4m, reserving a core soil step, and timely constructing primary support;
s5: excavating at the bottom of the tunnel and supporting an inverted arch: and excavating the tunnel bottom after the length of the lower step meets the position of the inverted arch of one version, and timely supporting the inverted arch.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
on the one hand, the construction method does not need to dismantle the temporary support, and the stress conversion is safe; on the other hand, the upper step, the middle step and the lower step obtained by the construction method are shorter in length and longer in length, the upper step, the middle step and the lower step can be landed to form a ring as soon as possible, the forming time of each ring is short as a whole, the safety step pitch of an inverted arch and a secondary lining is shortened, the sinking amount of the arch top is reduced, the construction space is increased due to the fact that the lower step is lengthened, mechanical construction is facilitated, constructors are reduced, multi-section parallel operation can be achieved, soil or soft rock sections can be directly mechanically combined with manual excavation, the construction efficiency is high, and the closed ring forming time can be effectively shortened.
Further, the primary support comprises the following steps: after excavation, the concrete is sprayed primarily, then a steel arch frame and a reinforcing mesh are installed on the surrounding rock, a foot locking anchor rod and a small advanced guide pipe are arranged at the arch foot of the steel arch frame, and finally the concrete is sprayed again. And the weak surrounding rock should be subjected to primary support in time after being excavated, so that instability caused by long-time exposure of the surrounding rock is avoided.
Furthermore, the excavation method of the construction method adopts mechanical excavation and manual finishing, and the excavation circulating footage is 0.5 m. When the tunnel is excavated, an excavator is firstly adopted to excavate the tunnel, the footage is 0.5m every cycle, manual excavation is assisted when the surrounding rock of the tunnel is close to, the construction efficiency is fast, and the condition of over excavation or under excavation is avoided.
Further, the inverted arch support specifically comprises the steps of firstly installing an inverted arch steel frame at the bottom of the tunnel, and then spraying and backfilling concrete.
Furthermore, the foot locking anchor rod adopts a grouting steel floral tube with the diameter of 60-80 mm, and the length of the foot locking anchor rod is 6-9 m.
Further, the sprayed concrete grade was C25.
Furthermore, in each step, mechanical deslagging is adopted after excavation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a construction and excavation sequence of a construction method of a weak surrounding rock section of a short-step super-large section tunnel.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first excavation step of the construction method of the weak surrounding rock section of the short-step super-large section tunnel.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the second and third steps of excavation of the construction method of the weak surrounding rock section of the short-step oversized-section tunnel.
FIG. 4 is a fourth and fifth step schematic diagram of excavation of a short-step super-large section tunnel weak surrounding rock section construction method.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an excavation plane of the construction method of the weak surrounding rock section of the short-step super-large section tunnel.
Wherein, 1-arc guide pit; 2-left middle step; 3-right middle step; 4-left lower step; 5-right lower step; 6, a core soil step; 7-tunnel bottom; 8-locking the anchor rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the specification, but the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the embodiment, the wall rock is V-level surrounding rock, and the primary support adopts I22 steel frames with the distance of 0.5 m; phi 50 grouting and locking anchor pipes, 12 in each ring; phi 50 leads the anchor pipe, and the circumferential distance is 40 cm.
The invention provides a construction method of a short-step super-large section tunnel weak surrounding rock section, wherein the excavation method is as follows, wherein the construction sequence of each working face is detailed as shown in figure 1;
s1: excavating an arc guide pit 1 at the top: the top arc pilot tunnel 1 adopts mechanical excavation, is assisted by manual trimming, reserves core soil, the length of the core soil is controlled to be 3-5m, and the excavation circulating footage is 0.5m, which is the distance of each steel arch truss. In the embodiment, the excavator is matched with the T-shaped pickaxe and the pneumatic pickaxe for excavation, the specific excavation position is shown in fig. 2, the excavator is prevented from contacting the surrounding rock stratum during excavation, and manual trimming is adopted when the excavator is close to the surrounding rock stratum, so that the condition of over excavation or under excavation is avoided. And (3) timely constructing a primary support after the excavation is finished, wherein the steps of the primary support specifically comprise: primarily spraying C25 concrete, installing a steel arch frame and a steel bar mesh on surrounding rocks, drilling a foot locking anchor rod 8 and a small phi 50 advancing conduit at the arch foot of the steel arch frame, and then re-spraying C25 concrete to the thickness required by the design.
S2: left and right staggered excavation of middle steps: after the excavation of the top arc-shaped guide pit 1 is advanced by 3-5m, the excavation of the middle steps on the left side and the right side is carried out, the excavation height is that the steps on the left side and the right side are staggered by a distance of 2-3m, the excavation method adopts mechanical excavation and manual finishing, the excavation circulation footage is 0.5m, and the specific excavation position is shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3. And (3) performing primary support in time after excavation is finished, wherein the primary support is specifically implemented by primarily spraying C25 concrete, installing a steel arch frame and a reinforcing mesh on surrounding rocks, arranging a foot locking anchor rod 8 and a phi 50 advanced small guide pipe at the arch foot of the steel arch frame, and then re-spraying C25 concrete to the thickness required by the design.
S3: left and right staggered digging steps: after the middle step excavation is advanced by 2-3m, excavating the left lower step 4 and the right lower step 5, wherein the excavating height is generally 2-3m, the distance between the left and right steps is staggered, the excavating circulation footage is 0.5m, the specific excavating position is shown in figure 4, and the initial support is timely implemented after the excavation is finished: primarily spraying C25 concrete, installing a steel arch frame and a steel bar mesh on surrounding rocks, drilling a foot locking anchor rod 8 and a small phi 50 advancing conduit at the arch foot of the steel arch frame, and then re-spraying C25 concrete to the thickness required by the design.
S4: excavating core soil: core soil excavation is carried out after the excavation of the left and right lower steps is advanced by 2-3m, a core soil step 6 is reserved, the specific excavation position is shown in figure 5, and preliminary bracing is timely implemented, wherein the specific method of the preliminary bracing comprises the following steps: primarily spraying C25 concrete, installing a steel arch frame and a steel bar mesh on surrounding rocks, drilling a foot locking anchor rod 8 and a small phi 50 advancing conduit at the arch foot of the steel arch frame, and then re-spraying C25 concrete to the thickness required by the design.
S5: excavating at the bottom of the tunnel and supporting an inverted arch: the distance from the core soil 6 to the finished inverted arch is basically kept at 18-24m, tunnel bottom excavation is carried out under the condition that the slag of the step loader is not influenced in the range of safe step distance control, inverted arch support is carried out in time, an inverted arch support is erected in time, and C25 concrete is sprayed and backfilled, so that a closed ring is formed in the primary support of the whole tunnel as early as possible, the stability of an excavation surface is enhanced, and the safety of tunnel construction is ensured.
The process requirements of the construction method are that mechanical excavation is adopted, manual trimming is assisted, mechanical slag discharging is matched, and as the lower step is longer, the slag discharging of the tunnel can be changed from that of one excavator into that of two side-turning loaders, and the slag discharging time is shortened by half; meanwhile, due to the fact that the upper step, the middle step and the lower step are shortened, under the condition that the upper step, the middle step and the lower step are excavated simultaneously, one guniting vehicle can conduct multi-section parallel guniting operation in a mode of connecting a plurality of guniting heads, construction efficiency is high, and the time for sealing and looping is shortened.
The above description is only a partial example of the present invention, and does not limit the embodiments and the protection scope of the present invention, therefore, it should be recognized that the present invention is covered by the protection scope of the present invention by the equivalent substitution and obvious change made by the description of the present invention for those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The construction method of the weak surrounding rock section of the short-step super-large section tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: excavating a top arc guide pit: excavating a top arc guide pit, reserving core soil, and constructing a primary support;
s2: left and right excavation of middle steps on two sides: after the excavation of the arc-shaped guide pit at the top of S1 is advanced by 3-5m, excavating middle steps at the left side and the right side, wherein the length of the middle steps is 2-3m, and performing primary support;
s3: excavating two lower steps on the left side and the right side: after the excavation of the middle steps at the left side and the right side of S2 is advanced by 2-3m, the excavation of the lower steps at the left side and the right side is carried out, the length of the lower steps is 18-24m, and primary support is carried out;
s4: excavating core soil: excavating core soil after excavating the left lower step and the right lower step in advance by 3-4m, reserving a core soil step, and constructing primary support;
s5: excavating at the bottom of the tunnel and supporting an inverted arch: and excavating the tunnel bottom after the length of the lower step meets the position of the inverted arch of one version, and supporting the inverted arch.
2. The construction method of the weak surrounding rock section of the short-step ultra-large section tunnel according to claim 1, wherein in the steps S1, S2, S3 and S4, the preliminary bracing comprises the steps of: after excavation, the concrete is sprayed primarily, then a steel arch frame and a reinforcing mesh are installed on the surrounding rock, a foot locking anchor rod and a small advanced guide pipe are arranged at the arch foot of the steel arch frame, and finally the concrete is sprayed again.
3. The construction method of the weak surrounding rock section of the short-step super-large section tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the excavation method in all the steps adopts mechanical excavation and manual trimming, and the excavation circulation footage is 0.5 m.
4. The construction method of the weak surrounding rock section of the short-step super-large section tunnel according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the inverted arch support comprises the specific steps of firstly installing an inverted arch steel frame at the bottom of the tunnel, and then spraying and backfilling concrete.
5. The construction method of the weak surrounding rock section of the short-step super-large section tunnel according to claim 2, wherein the foot-locking anchor rod is a grouting steel perforated pipe with the diameter of 60-80 mm, and the length of the foot-locking anchor rod is 6-9 m.
6. The construction method of the weak surrounding rock section of the short-step and ultra-large section tunnel according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the sprayed concrete grade is C25.
7. The construction method of the weak surrounding rock section of the short-step ultra-large section tunnel according to claim 1, wherein in each step, mechanical deslagging is adopted after excavation.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210076583.0A CN114320317A (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2022-01-21 | Construction method for weak surrounding rock section of short-step super-large section tunnel |
| PCT/CN2022/110510 WO2023138033A1 (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2022-08-05 | Short-bench construction method for weak surrounding rock section of super-large-section tunnel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210076583.0A CN114320317A (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2022-01-21 | Construction method for weak surrounding rock section of short-step super-large section tunnel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114320317A true CN114320317A (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210076583.0A Pending CN114320317A (en) | 2022-01-21 | 2022-01-21 | Construction method for weak surrounding rock section of short-step super-large section tunnel |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN114320317A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2023138033A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023138033A1 (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2023-07-27 | 中交四航局第一工程有限公司 | Short-bench construction method for weak surrounding rock section of super-large-section tunnel |
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| CN101105131A (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2008-01-16 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Tunnel dredging method suitable for railway large section IV, V class rock tunnel |
| CN106246201A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-12-21 | 北京市市政工程研究院 | The excavation in tunnel and karst cave treatment method when small-sized solution cavity is positioned at tunneling surrounding |
| CN110230496A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-13 | 中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司 | A kind of three step of big cross section soft stratum tunnel, four step is interlocked construction method |
| CN113417646A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-09-21 | 中铁二十三局集团有限公司 | Large-section tunnel supporting structure suitable for Xigeda stratum and construction method |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2000204888A (en) * | 1999-01-12 | 2000-07-25 | Ishikawajima Constr Materials Co Ltd | Pit mouth tunnel and its construction method |
| CN108222951B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2024-08-09 | 中交四航局第一工程有限公司 | Construction method for weak surrounding rock section penetrating through tunnel portal of fine sand layer |
| CN109882185A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-06-14 | 中铁十六局集团第二工程有限公司 | The construction method in the soft or hard uneven tunnel of rock matter under a kind of large ground pressure |
| CN112196582B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2023-02-24 | 中铁二局第二工程有限公司 | Method for controlling severe deformation of strong-earthquake deep-buried soft rock stratum tunnel |
| CN114320317A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-12 | 中交四航局第一工程有限公司 | Construction method for weak surrounding rock section of short-step super-large section tunnel |
-
2022
- 2022-01-21 CN CN202210076583.0A patent/CN114320317A/en active Pending
- 2022-08-05 WO PCT/CN2022/110510 patent/WO2023138033A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
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| CN101105131A (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2008-01-16 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Tunnel dredging method suitable for railway large section IV, V class rock tunnel |
| CN106246201A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2016-12-21 | 北京市市政工程研究院 | The excavation in tunnel and karst cave treatment method when small-sized solution cavity is positioned at tunneling surrounding |
| CN110230496A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-09-13 | 中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司 | A kind of three step of big cross section soft stratum tunnel, four step is interlocked construction method |
| CN113417646A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-09-21 | 中铁二十三局集团有限公司 | Large-section tunnel supporting structure suitable for Xigeda stratum and construction method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 蒋雅君: "隧道工程", 机械工业出版社, pages: 145 - 147 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023138033A1 (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2023-07-27 | 中交四航局第一工程有限公司 | Short-bench construction method for weak surrounding rock section of super-large-section tunnel |
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| WO2023138033A1 (en) | 2023-07-27 |
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