CN110924952B - Construction method for three-step seven-step normal medium rock pillar method conversion of super-large section tunnel - Google Patents
Construction method for three-step seven-step normal medium rock pillar method conversion of super-large section tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110924952B CN110924952B CN201911240401.3A CN201911240401A CN110924952B CN 110924952 B CN110924952 B CN 110924952B CN 201911240401 A CN201911240401 A CN 201911240401A CN 110924952 B CN110924952 B CN 110924952B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 36
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for converting a three-step seven-step method into a middle rock pillar method of an ultra-large section tunnel, which comprises the steps of firstly excavating to an excavation area to be converted by using a three-step seven-step method, then carrying out area division on the excavation area to be converted by using the middle rock pillar method, and sequentially dividing the excavation area to be converted into a left side guide pit, a right side guide pit and a middle rock pillar. The double-tunnel middle rock pillar method firstly excavates guide tunnels on two sides, well performs primary support and temporary support, reserves middle rock pillars to support upper load and reduces settlement. And finally, dismantling the middle rock pillar, and constructing an arch part and an inverted arch primary support to form a closed support.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a construction method for converting a three-step seven-step method into a medium rock pillar method for an ultra-large section tunnel, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction.
Background
In the excavation process of the urban subway station tunnel, because the excavation span of the station tunnel is large and the area of the excavation section is large, the most commonly used excavation mode is a three-step seven-step method. The three-step and seven-step method is an excavation method for reserving core soil in the middle to support and block an excavation surface, the core soil is supported and blocked and an arch primary support is constructed in time, construction is safe, the step length can be lengthened, however, excavation sections are multiple, disturbance to surrounding rocks is multiple, the closing time of a section support is long, and the deformation of the surrounding rocks is difficult to control. In the advancing direction of the tunnel in the excavation process, because the upper bearing capacity is large, the requirement of surrounding buildings on the settlement amount is strict, or the situation that karst strata, weak strata and the like are difficult to control the deformation of surrounding rocks occurs, the original three-step seven-step method is not suitable for tunnel excavation and needs to be converted in a construction method. Usually, the method is often converted into a double-side-wall pit guiding method when the working condition is met, but the method is small in pit guiding, large in mutual influence of mechanical construction and low in speed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method for converting a three-step seven-step method into a medium rock pillar method for an oversized section tunnel. According to the method, pilot tunnels on two sides are firstly excavated, primary support and temporary support are well done, a middle rock pillar is reserved for supporting upper load, and the settlement amount is reduced. And finally, dismantling the middle rock pillar, and constructing an arch part and an inverted arch primary support to form a closed support. The double-tunnel medium rock pillar method pilot tunnel is closed respectively immediately after each subsection is excavated, and has the supporting function of the medium rock pillar, so that the deformation of surrounding rocks can be effectively controlled, and the settlement amount is reduced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a construction method for converting a three-step seven-step method into a middle rock pillar method of an ultra-large section tunnel comprises the steps of firstly excavating to an excavation area to be converted by using a three-step seven-step method, then carrying out area division on the excavation area to be converted by using the middle rock pillar method, sequentially dividing the excavation area into a left side guide pit, a right side guide pit and a middle rock pillar, wherein in the advancing and converting process of the construction method, the left side guide pit and the right side guide pit are continuously advanced by using the three-step method, the right side guide pit is advanced forwards from a backward guide pit to a forward guide pit, middle three-step core soil is gradually gathered to form a middle rock pillar support body, after the conversion of the construction method is completed, the left side guide pit and the right side guide pit are continuously advanced by using the three-step method, and the middle three-step core soil is gathered to form the middle.
In the construction method for converting the three-step seven-step normal medium bedpost method of the tunnel with the ultra-large section, the left side and the right side of the medium bedpost are of arc structures, wherein the width of the narrowest part of the middle part is 0.2-0.3 times of the tunnel jing, and the width of the widest parts of the top part and the bottom part is 0.4-0.5 times of the tunnel jing.
In the construction method for converting the three-step seven-step method into the medium rock pillar method for the tunnel with the ultra-large section, the concrete construction steps comprise:
A. firstly, excavating to an excavation area to be converted by using a three-step and seven-step method, taking a 6-1 part of a topmost step of middle core soil as a starting point, dividing the excavation area to be converted into sections I-V from outside to inside along the excavation direction of a tunnel, performing area division on the excavation area to be converted by using a rock pillar method, sequentially dividing the excavation area to be converted into a left side guide pit, a right side guide pit and a middle rock pillar, dividing the left side guide pit into a part from top to bottom, a part from right side guide pit into a part from top to bottom, and a part from top to bottom for dividing the middle rock pillar into a part from seventh part;
B. excavating 6-1 part of core soil in the three-step seven-step method to reach the section II, and timely following up the primary support;
C. excavating a part I of the right pilot tunnel to a section V, and constructing primary support and temporary support around the part I of the right pilot tunnel;
D. excavating a second part of the left pilot tunnel to the section III, and performing primary support and temporary support on the periphery of the second part of the left pilot tunnel;
E. excavating 6-2 parts of core soil in a three-step seven-step method to reach a section II, excavating a right side pilot hole and a third part to reach a section IV, and constructing primary support and temporary support on the periphery of the right side pilot hole and the third part;
F. excavating 6-3 parts of core soil in the three-step seven-step method to reach a section I, timely following up primary support, excavating a right side pilot hole and a third part to a section IV, and constructing primary support and temporary support on the periphery of the right side pilot hole and the third part;
G. excavating the left and right side guide pits in three steps according to the sequence of the parts I, II, III, IV, V and IV, and timely following the primary support and the temporary support around each guide pit;
H. excavating middle rock columns and parts (c), (b) and (c), wherein the end surfaces of the middle rock columns and the left pilot tunnel part are kept at 20-30 m all the time, and performing primary support in time, and dismantling temporary supports of the front left pilot tunnel part and the front right pilot tunnel part to seal the primary support behind the middle rock columns to form a large closed ring;
J. and G and H are repeated until the excavation of the whole excavation area to be converted is finished.
In the construction method for converting the three-step seven-way normal medium rock pillar method of the tunnel with the ultra-large section into the tunnel with the ultra-large section, the pilot pits on the left side and the right side are excavated in a staggered mode on the same layer step, in the circulating excavation process of the pilot pits on the left side and the right side, the three steps on the same side are excavated forwards at a distance of 5m, and the steps on the same layer on the left side and the right side are excavated forwards at a distance of.
In the construction method for converting the three-step seven-step method into the middle rock pillar method of the tunnel with the ultra-large section, the pilot pits on the left side and the right side are constructed in time in the three-step excavation process, the primary support of the arch part is less than 0.5m from the tunnel face, the distance between the primary support of the arch part and the middle rock pillar of the inverted arch is less than 15m, after the primary support is stabilized, a secondary lining and inverted arch backfilling are constructed, the distance between the secondary lining and the middle rock pillar is less than 40m, and the distance between the inverted arch backfilling and the inverted arch is less.
In the construction method for three-step seven-step normal medium rock-pillar method conversion of the tunnel with the oversized section, the primary support and the temporary support are firstly sprayed with concrete, the reinforcing mesh is laid, a primary support steel arch frame and a temporary steel frame are erected, a foot-locking anchor rod is arranged, and the concrete is sprayed again to the designed height after the radial anchor rod is drilled.
In the construction method for converting the three-step seven-step method into the middle rock pillar method of the ultra-large section tunnel, the primary supports and the temporary supports of all parts form closed rings in the excavation process of the guide pits on the left side and the right side, and the primary supports and the temporary supports behind the middle rock pillar form large closed rings after the middle rock pillar is removed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the double-tunnel middle rock pillar method firstly excavates the pilot tunnels at two sides, well performs primary support and temporary support, reserves the middle rock pillar to support the upper load and reduces the settlement. And finally, dismantling the middle rock pillar, and constructing an arch part and an inverted arch primary support to form a closed support. The double-tunnel medium rock pillar method pilot tunnel is closed respectively immediately after each subsection is excavated, and has the supporting function of the medium rock pillar, so that the deformation of surrounding rocks can be effectively controlled, and the settlement amount is reduced. The core soil is excavated from top to bottom in a layering manner, and the residual core soil at the lower layer can still support and block the excavation surface, so that the stability of the working surface is kept, and the construction safety is ensured; the right side pilot pit is changed from a backward pilot pit to a forward pilot pit, and the working surface can be continuously pushed by utilizing the steps of the original construction method, so that the delay of the construction progress caused by the construction method conversion is reduced; a middle rock pillar and a temporary support are formed at the position of the section II, so that the core soil is conveniently excavated, a larger working space can be brought after the core soil is excavated, and convenience is brought to the propulsion of the subsequent procedures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sequence diagram of three-step and seven-step construction;
FIG. 2 is a sequence diagram of the construction of a double-hole medium-pillar method;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a tunnel construction;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of tunnel construction;
FIGS. 5 a-5 f are schematic diagrams illustrating a conversion of a tunnel construction method;
FIG. 6 is a longitudinal section view of a double-hole medium-pillar construction;
reference numerals: 1-arch part annular soil; 2-left middle step; 3-right middle step; 4-left lower step; 5-right lower step; 6-1-upper core soil; 6-2-middle core soil; 6-3-lower core soil; 7-inverted arch; firstly, excavating a rock column method; I-V-section.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: a construction method for converting an oversized section tunnel into a medium-rock pillar method by three steps and seven steps is disclosed, as shown in attached figures 1-6, firstly, the existing three-step and seven-step method is used for excavating to a weak stratum, namely, the excavation area to be converted begins to be converted by the construction method, then the excavation area to be converted is divided into areas by a rock pillar method, the areas are divided into a left side guide pit, a right side guide pit and a middle rock pillar in sequence, the construction method is advanced in the conversion process, the left and right side pilot pits are continuously pushed by a three-step method, the right side pilot pit is firstly dug in the digging and pushing process, so that the right side pilot pit is changed from a backward pilot pit to a forward pilot pit, the middle part is three-step core soil, namely 6-1 parts of the upper core soil, 6-2 parts of the middle core soil and 6-3 parts of the lower core soil, gradually furl to form a middle rock pillar support body, and at the moment, the construction method is converted. After the construction method is converted, the left and right side guide pits are continuously pushed by a three-step method, the middle three-step core soil is gathered to form a middle rock pillar support body with the same section, and the middle rock pillar support body is forwardly dismantled along with the left and right side guide pits.
The left side and the right side of the middle rock pillar are of arc structures, the width of the narrowest part of the middle part is 0.2-0.3 times of the tunnel jing, and the width of the widest parts of the top and the bottom is 0.4-0.5 times of the tunnel jing. The middle rock pillar plays a supporting role in the middle rock pillar construction method for the top weak stratum, the deformation of surrounding rocks is controlled, and the settlement amount is reduced. The structural form of the steel wire rope is limited by the size, and the left and right side guide pits are ensured to have enough space so as to facilitate mechanical construction and accelerate the construction speed.
The concrete construction steps comprise:
A. firstly, a three-step seven-step method which is commonly used at present is used for excavating to an excavation area to be converted, the excavation surface is mainly divided into three areas of a left side guide pit, a right side guide pit and middle core soil, and each area is divided into three-step construction. The whole area is shown as figure 1, and comprises arch part annular soil 1, a left middle step 2, a right middle step 3, a left lower step 4, a right lower step 5, upper core soil 6-1, middle core soil 6-2, lower core soil 6-3 and an inverted arch 7, and the whole construction process is constructed according to the partition sequence. And constructing each step and each core soil at intervals of 6m in each three-step and seven-step method. When the construction is carried out to a weak stratum, the topmost step 6-1 of the middle core soil is taken as a starting point, the construction is divided into a section I to a section V from outside to inside along the tunnel excavation direction, the distance between the section I and the section II is 6m in the construction method conversion stage, and the distance between each section behind the section II is 5 m. And carrying out area division on an excavation area to be converted by using a middle rock pillar method, sequentially dividing the excavation area to be converted into a left guide pit, a right guide pit and a middle rock pillar, wherein the left guide pit is divided into parts II, III and IV from top to bottom, the right guide pit is divided into parts I, III and IV from top to bottom, and the middle rock pillar is divided into parts III, III and IV from top to bottom. Then, the tunnel excavation at the construction method conversion stage is started, and the excavation steps are shown in fig. 5 a-5 f:
B. excavating 6-1 part of the core soil in the three-step seven-step method to reach a section II, and timely following up the primary support;
C. excavating a part I on the right side, excavating a step with the length of 3 times and the width of the step of about 15m to a section V, constructing initial support and temporary support on the periphery of the part I on the right side, and changing a backward guide pit of a three-step and seven-step method into a forward guide pit of a double-hole medium pillar method;
D. excavating a second part of the left pilot tunnel to the section III, and performing primary support and temporary support on the periphery of the second part of the left pilot tunnel;
E. excavating 6-2 parts of middle core soil to a section II in a three-step seven-step method, excavating a right side pilot hole and a third part to a section IV, and constructing primary support and temporary support on the periphery of the right side pilot hole and the third part;
F. and excavating 6-3 parts of the lower core soil in the three-step seven-step method to the section I, timely following up primary support, excavating the right side pilot hole and the third part to the section IV, constructing the primary support and the temporary support on the periphery of the right side pilot hole and the third part, completing construction method conversion, and forming a middle rock pillar from the section II.
And (3) excavating by using a double-hole medium rock pillar method, wherein the excavating method comprises the following steps: the left and right side guide pits are excavated by three steps, and temporary supports are arranged on the section II and backwards. The subsequent excavation steps are as follows:
G. excavating the left and right side guide pits in three steps according to the sequence of the parts I, II, III, IV, V and IV, and timely following the primary support and the temporary support around each guide pit;
H. excavating middle rock columns and parts (c), (b) and (c), wherein the end face of the middle rock column and the left pilot tunnel part are always kept at a distance of 20-30 m, and performing primary support in time, and dismantling temporary supports of the left pilot tunnel part and the right pilot tunnel part in the early stage, so that the primary support behind the middle rock column is sealed to form a large closed ring;
J. and G and H are repeated until the excavation of the whole excavation area to be converted is finished.
And (3) carrying out staggered excavation on the left and right side guide pits on the same layer of steps, wherein in the circulating excavation process of the left and right side guide pits, the three steps on the same side are kept at a distance of 5m for forward excavation, and the steps on the same layer of the left and right sides are kept at a distance of 10m for forward excavation. And (3) timely constructing a primary support in the process of excavating the left and right side guide pits by using three steps, wherein the distance between the primary support of the arch part and the tunnel face is less than 0.5m, the distance between the inverted arch and the middle rock pillar is less than 15m, after the primary support is stable, constructing a secondary lining and inverted arch backfilling, wherein the distance between the secondary lining and the middle rock pillar is less than 40m, and the distance between the inverted arch backfilling and the inverted arch is less than 20 m.
And the primary support and the temporary support are primary concrete spraying, steel bar mesh laying, primary support steel arch frame and temporary steel frame erection, a foot locking anchor rod is arranged, and the concrete is sprayed again to the designed height after the radial anchor rod is drilled.
And in the excavation process of each part of the guide pits on the left side and the right side, the primary support and the temporary support of each part form a closed ring, and after the middle rock pillar is dismantled, the primary support and the temporary support behind the middle rock pillar form a large closed ring.
Claims (5)
1. A construction method for conversion of a tunnel with an ultra-large section by a three-step seven-step normal medium rock pillar method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, excavating to an excavation area to be converted by using a three-step seven-step method, then carrying out area division on the excavation area to be converted by using a middle rock pillar method, and sequentially dividing the excavation area to be converted into a left side guide pit, a right side guide pit and a middle rock pillar;
the left side and the right side of the middle rock pillar are of arc structures, wherein the width of the narrowest part of the middle part is 0.2-0.3 times of the tunnel jing, and the width of the widest parts of the top part and the bottom part is 0.4-0.5 times of the tunnel jing;
the concrete construction steps comprise:
A. firstly, excavating to an excavation area to be converted by using a three-step and seven-step method, taking the upper core soil of the topmost step of the middle core soil as a starting point, dividing the excavation area to be converted into sections I-V from outside to inside along the excavation direction of a tunnel, performing area division on the excavation area to be converted by using a rock pillar method, sequentially dividing the excavation area to be converted into a left side guide pit, a right side guide pit and a middle rock pillar, dividing the left side guide pit into a part II, a part III and a part III from top to bottom, dividing the right side guide pit into a part I, a part III and a part III from top to bottom, and dividing the middle rock pillar into a part III, a part III and a part;
B. excavating the upper core soil in the three-step seven-step method to reach the section II, and timely following up the primary support;
C. excavating a part I of the right pilot tunnel to a section V, and constructing primary support and temporary support around the part I of the right pilot tunnel;
D. excavating a second part of the left pilot tunnel to the section III, and performing primary support and temporary support on the periphery of the second part of the left pilot tunnel;
E. excavating the middle core soil to a section II, excavating a right side pilot hole and a part III to a section IV, and performing primary support and temporary support on the periphery of the part III of the right side pilot hole;
F. excavating the lower core soil in the three-step and seven-step method to reach a section I, timely following up with primary support, excavating a right side pilot tunnel from the third part to a section IV, and constructing a primary support and a temporary support on the periphery of the right side pilot tunnel from the third part;
G. excavating the left and right side guide pits in three steps according to the sequence of the parts I, II, III, IV, V and IV, and timely following the primary support and the temporary support around each guide pit;
H. excavating middle rock columns and parts (c), (b) and (c), wherein the end surfaces of the middle rock columns and the left pilot tunnel part are kept at 20-30 m all the time, and performing primary support in time, and dismantling temporary supports of the front left pilot tunnel part and the front right pilot tunnel part to seal the primary support behind the middle rock columns to form a large closed ring;
J. and G and H are repeated until the excavation of the whole excavation area to be converted is finished.
2. The construction method for the three-step seven-step normal medium-pillar method conversion of the ultra-large section tunnel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and (3) carrying out staggered excavation on the left and right side guide pits on the same layer of steps, wherein in the circulating excavation process of the left and right side guide pits, the three steps on the same side are kept at a distance of 5m for forward excavation, and the steps on the same layer of the left and right sides are kept at a distance of 10m for forward excavation.
3. The construction method for the three-step seven-step normal medium-pillar method conversion of the ultra-large section tunnel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and (3) timely constructing a primary support in the process of excavating the left and right side guide pits by using three steps, wherein the distance between the primary support of the arch part and the tunnel face is less than 0.5m, the distance between the inverted arch and the middle rock pillar is less than 15m, after the primary support is stable, constructing a secondary lining and inverted arch backfilling, wherein the distance between the secondary lining and the middle rock pillar is less than 40m, and the distance between the inverted arch backfilling and the inverted arch is less than 20 m.
4. The construction method for the three-step seven-step normal medium-pillar method conversion of the ultra-large section tunnel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and the primary support and the temporary support are primary concrete spraying, steel bar mesh laying, primary support steel arch frame and temporary steel frame erection, a foot locking anchor rod is arranged, and the concrete is sprayed again to the designed height after the radial anchor rod is drilled.
5. The construction method for the three-step seven-step normal medium-pillar method conversion of the ultra-large section tunnel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: and in the excavation process of each part of the guide pits on the left side and the right side, the primary support and the temporary support of each part form a closed ring, and after the middle rock pillar is dismantled, the primary support and the temporary support behind the middle rock pillar form a large closed ring.
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| CN112177616B (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2022-05-31 | 贵州大学 | Method for laying steel frame of multi-arch tunnel without middle pilot tunnel |
| CN112879090B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-07-01 | 贵州大学 | Anti-seismic anti-blocking separation drainage structure for tunnel decontamination |
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