CN114319761B - Building unit combined type heat-insulation and decoration integrated exterior wall cladding and installation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a building unit combined type heat-insulating and decorating integrated exterior wall cladding and an installation method, wherein the exterior wall cladding comprises a plurality of unit cladding which are spliced with each other, the unit cladding comprises an outer decorative plate, a middle heat-insulating plate and an inner reinforcing plate, two sides of the heat-insulating plate are fixedly connected with the decorative plate and the reinforcing plate respectively, and the reinforcing plate is provided with a connecting component which is used for being connected with a keel frame; the unit hanging plate is rectangular as a whole, and the lower side and the left side of the unit hanging plate are inwards sunken with inserting grooves; the section of the inserting groove is trapezoid; the upper side and the right side of the unit hanging plate are outwards protruded with inserting parts; the section of the plug-in part is trapezoid matched with the plug-in groove; the inserting grooves of the unit hanging plates are clamped with the inserting parts of the adjacent unit hanging plates; the unit hanging plate further comprises a plugging assembly used for sealing and fixing the plugging groove and the plugging part. The application has the effect of improving the sealing performance of the joint of the heat-insulation external wall hanging plate.

Description

Building unit combined type heat-insulation and decoration integrated exterior wall cladding and installation method

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of building outer walls, in particular to a building unit combined type heat-insulation and decoration integrated outer wall hanging plate and an installation method.

Background

Along with the improvement of the requirements of green construction, energy conservation and emission reduction in China and the great improvement of the market price of labor force, a novel composite heat-insulating wallboard is generated. The novel composite heat-insulating wallboard consists of concrete surface layers (inner leaf plates and outer leaf plates) on two sides and an intermediate heat-insulating plate, wherein the inner leaf plates and the outer leaf plates are fixedly connected through glass fiber drawknot members or stainless steel drawknot members, and the intermediate heat-insulating plate is formed by splicing organic heat-insulating plates. In the process of splicing and installing the composite heat-insulating wallboards, gaps among wallboards are usually plugged at joints of the outer wallboards by adopting a method of filling sealant.

Aiming at the existing gap plugging technology, the inventor considers that the joint of the external wall panel is often the accumulation place of rainwater and dirt, and the sealant at the joint is subjected to long-term wind blowing, sun drying and rain, compared with the surface of the external blade plate of the external wall panel, the sealant is easier to age and lose efficacy, thereby causing the joint of the wall panel to crack, the external rainwater is easy to permeate into the heat-insulating external wall, and the middle heat-insulating plate absorbs water and becomes damp, so that the heat-insulating performance and durability of the external wall panel are reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the sealing performance of the joint of the heat-insulating exterior wall cladding, the application provides a building unit combined heat-insulating and decorating integrated exterior wall cladding and an installation method.

In a first aspect, the application provides a building unit combination formula heat preservation decoration integration exterior wall cladding adopts following technical scheme:

the building unit combined type heat-insulating and decorating integrated exterior wall cladding comprises a plurality of unit cladding which are spliced with each other, wherein the unit cladding comprises an outer decorative plate, a middle heat-insulating plate and an inner reinforcing plate, two sides of the heat-insulating plate are respectively and fixedly connected with the decorative plate and the reinforcing plate, and the reinforcing plate is provided with a connecting component which is used for being connected with a main body structure; the unit hanging plate is rectangular as a whole, and inserting grooves are recessed inwards on the lower side and the left side of the outer wall hanging plate; the section of the inserting groove is trapezoid; the upper side and the right side of the unit hanging plate are outwards protruded with inserting parts; the section of the plug-in part is trapezoid matched with the plug-in groove; the inserting grooves of the unit hanging plates are clamped with the inserting parts of the adjacent unit hanging plates; the unit hanging plate further comprises a plugging assembly used for sealing and fixing the plugging groove and the plugging part.

By adopting the technical scheme, the lower side and the left side of the unit hanging plate are inwards sunken with the inserting grooves, and the upper side and the right side are outwards protruded with the inserting parts; when two adjacent hanging plates are spliced, the inserting part of one hanging plate can be inserted into the inserting groove of the other hanging plate, so that the combined seamless splicing of the unit hanging plates is realized, and the aesthetic property of the whole outer surface of the outer wall hanging plate is improved; the plugging assembly is arranged on the side wall of the plugging groove and the side wall of the plugging part, which are close to each other, and the plugging assembly is hidden in the spliced part of the two hanging plates, so that the durability of the plugging assembly is improved compared with the exposed sealing strip; in addition, the trapezoidal setting of jack groove makes outside rainwater, cold air etc. be difficult to permeate the unit link plate inside through tortuous jack groove cell wall and shutoff subassembly to play waterproof, heat preservation, thermal-insulated effect, promoted the leakproofness of unit link plate seam crossing greatly.

Preferably, the plugging assembly comprises a first sealing strip adhered to the groove walls at two sides of the plugging groove and a second sealing strip adhered to the side wall of the plugging part, which is abutted against the groove walls at two sides of the plugging groove; when the plug-in part is completely clamped in the plug-in groove, the first sealing strip and the second sealing strip are both in extrusion states.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when grafting portion complete joint is in the jack groove, first sealing strip and second sealing strip all are in extrusion state, and clearance between grafting portion and the jack groove is closely filled by first sealing strip and second sealing strip, compares in filling a sealing strip in the gap, and the problem of fracture shrink appears after the sealing strip inefficacy, this application adopts the closely butt of two sealing strips to block up the gap, has promoted the leakproofness of gap department greatly, has reduced the influence to unit link plate leakproofness because the sealing strip inefficacy.

Preferably, the plugging assembly further comprises an adhesive strip and a frosted strip for reducing friction resistance when the plugging part is plugged with the plugging groove; the bonding strip is bonded on one side of the first sealing strip, which is close to the second sealing strip; the frosted strip is adhered to one side of the second sealing strip, which is close to the first sealing strip; the bonding strip is prepared from a microcapsule mixture, and the microcapsule mixture comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of epoxy resin, 10-15 parts of polyamide resin, 5-7 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 7-9 parts of amyl acetate, 0.5-1 part of dispersing agent and 20-25 parts of microcapsule; wherein the microcapsule is prepared by wrapping a capsule core by a capsule wall, and the mass ratio of the capsule wall to the capsule core is 1 (1.5-2.1); the raw materials of the capsule wall comprise polyvinyl alcohol, and the capsule core comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of phenolic resin, 20-25 parts of tetraethylenepentamine and 20-25 parts of lignocellulose; the sand polishing strip is made of a sand-gravel mixture; the gravel mixture comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-20 parts of epoxy resin, 8-14 parts of polyamide resin, 3-5 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 4-6 parts of amyl acetate; 15-25 parts of corundum, 20-30 parts of nano silicon carbide, 15-20 parts of calcined kaolin and 20-25 parts of water.

By adopting the technical scheme, the bonding strip prepared from the microcapsule mixture, wherein epoxy resin, polyamide resin, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and amyl acetate are combined to generate a base material with cohesiveness, a colloid with stronger cohesiveness is formed in the microcapsule capsule core under the synergistic effect of phenolic resin, tetraethylenepentamine and lignocellulose, and the capsule core is wrapped in a film capsule wall formed by polyvinyl alcohol and uniformly dispersed in the base material along with the microcapsule through the effect of a dispersing agent; thereby forming a microcapsule mix; the microcapsule mixture is gradually solidified and adhered on the surface of the first sealing strip at normal temperature to form a bonding strip;

the sand strip is formed by the sand-gravel mixture, corundum, nano silicon carbide and kaolin which are formed by the sand-gravel mixture are cooperated to generate a plurality of sand-grinding particles with high hardness, the sand-grinding particles are uniformly dispersed in a base material which is jointly generated by epoxy resin, polyamide resin, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and amyl acetate, so that the sand-gravel mixture is formed, and the sand-gravel mixture is gradually solidified and adhered on the surface of a second sealing strip at normal temperature to form the sand-gravel strip;

when the inserting part is inserted into the inserting groove, the sanding strip is in abutting friction with the bonding strip, and the microcapsules in the bonding strip have certain lubricity and deformation force, so that the friction resistance born by the inserting groove and the inserting part during inserting is reduced, and the inserting is facilitated; microcapsules on the surface and inside of the bonding strip are broken under the friction extrusion of abrasive particles in the abrasive strip in the inserting process, glue substance bag cores in the microcapsules flow out, and the glue substance bag cores are filled in gaps of the abutting surfaces of the bonding strip and the abrasive strip and solidified and coagulated at normal temperature, so that the bonding and fixation between the bonding strip and the abrasive strip are realized; and further strengthen the connection compactness between first sealing strip and the second sealing strip to make the leakproofness of unit link plate seam department consolidated and promoted.

In addition, as the bonding strip and the sanding strip adopt the same substances to form the base material, the base materials are the same, so that the interface obstruction between the bonding strip and the sanding strip is reduced, the glue substance bag core can better diffuse and flow between the bonding strip and the sanding strip, and further the glue substance bag core and the high-hardness sanding particles are tightly solidified and condensed to form a bonding layer structure, so that the sealing structure has good heat stability and barrier property, and is beneficial to improving the sealing property of the joints of the unit hanging plates and the fire resistance and heat insulation performance of the joints.

Preferably, the capsule core further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, add fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether in the bag core, be favorable to promoting the permeability of glue thing bag core for glue thing bag core can fully permeate into the space department of bonding strip and dull polish strip butt face, can permeate into inside the matrix even, and then further promote the adhesion between bonding strip and the dull polish strip, promote the leakproofness of seam department.

Preferably, the microcapsule mixture further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane.

By adopting the technical scheme, the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane is added into the microcapsule mixture, and the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane has certain lubricity, so that the friction of each component in the microcapsule mixture is reduced in the stirring process, and the microcapsule is not easy to break when being mixed in the base material.

Preferably, the dispersant is vinyl bis-stearamide and/or polyethylene wax.

By adopting the technical scheme, the vinyl bis-stearamide not only has good external lubrication effect, but also has good internal lubrication effect, and is beneficial to enabling the microcapsule to obtain extremely high surface smoothness and smoothness; the polyethylene wax is used as a lubricant, has stable chemical property and good electrical property, has stronger internal lubrication effect compared with PVC and other external lubricants, and is further beneficial to uniformly dispersing microcapsules in a base material; when the vinyl bis-stearamide and the polyethylene wax are mixed for use, a waxed surface layer can be formed on the surface of the bonding strip by the synergistic effect of the vinyl bis-stearamide and the polyethylene wax, so that the abrasion resistance of the bonding strip is improved, and the friction loss caused to the bonding strip base material when the sanding strip and the bonding strip are in friction extrusion is reduced.

In a second aspect, the application provides a method for installing an integrated exterior wall cladding board for building unit combined heat preservation and decoration, which adopts the following technical scheme:

the method for installing the building unit combined type heat-insulating and decorating integrated exterior wall cladding comprises the following steps:

step one, mounting a plugging assembly in a plugging groove and a plugging part of a unit hanging plate to be mounted;

step two, inserting the plug-in part of the unit hanging plate provided with the plugging component into the plug-in groove of the last unit hanging plate which is fixedly installed, so as to realize the splicing of the two unit hanging plates;

step three, fixedly connecting the spliced unit hanging plates with the keel frame through a connecting component;

and step four, repeating the steps to finish the installation and fixation of the hanging plate of the heat preservation unit.

Preferably, in the first step, the installing of the plugging assembly specifically includes: and respectively sticking a first sealing strip and a second sealing strip on the inserting grooves and the inserting parts of the unit hanging plates to be installed.

Preferably, in the first step, a microcapsule mixture is coated on the first sealing strip, and a gravel mixture is coated on the second sealing strip;

the preparation method of the microcapsule mixture comprises the following steps:

s1-1, mixing phenolic resin, tetraethylenepentamine and lignocellulose, heating to 55-65 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain microcapsule core liquid;

s1-2, dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water with the mass of 2 times of that of the polyvinyl alcohol, heating to 80-85 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;

s1-3, mixing microcapsule core liquid with a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and emulsifying to obtain an emulsified mixed liquid; stirring the emulsified mixture to gel state at constant temperature of 40 ℃; standing and screening to obtain microcapsules;

s1-4, mixing epoxy resin, polyamide resin, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, amyl acetate and a dispersing agent, heating to 90-100 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a base material;

s1-5, adding the microcapsule into a base material, uniformly mixing at the constant temperature of 55-60 ℃, and standing for 6 hours to obtain a microcapsule mixture; the preparation method of the gravel mixture comprises the following steps:

s2-1, mixing corundum, nano silicon carbide, calcined kaolin and water, stirring and granulating to obtain frosted particles;

s2-2, mixing epoxy resin, polyamide resin, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and amyl acetate, heating to 90-100 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a base material;

s2-3, adding the sand grinding particles into the base material, and uniformly mixing to obtain the gravel mixture.

By adopting the technical scheme, the microcapsule mixture of the bonding strip and the gravel mixture of the frosting strip are prepared, and brushing is carried out in the splicing and mounting process of the unit hanging plates; the adhesive strips and the frosted strips are in a micro-curing state during splicing after gluing, so that friction resistance applied to the two unit hanging plates during splicing is reduced, and the installation is facilitated; the bonding fixation and sealing plugging between the unit hanging plates are completed in the splicing process, the installation of other fixing devices is reduced, and the efficiency and the quality of the installation work of the outer wall hanging plates are improved.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the lower side and the left side of the unit hanging plate are inwards sunken with inserting grooves, and the upper side and the right side are outwards protruded with inserting parts; when two adjacent hanging plates are spliced, the inserting part of one hanging plate can be inserted into the inserting groove of the other hanging plate, so that the combined seamless splicing of the unit hanging plates is realized, and the aesthetic property of the whole outer surface of the outer wall hanging plate is improved; the plugging assembly is arranged on the side wall of the plugging groove and the side wall of the plugging part, which are close to each other, and the plugging assembly is hidden in the spliced part of the two hanging plates, so that the durability of the plugging assembly is improved compared with the exposed sealing strip; in addition, due to the trapezoid arrangement of the inserting grooves, external rainwater, cold air and the like are difficult to permeate into the unit hanging plate through the wall of the zigzag inserting groove and the plugging component, so that the waterproof, heat-insulating and heat-insulating effects are achieved, and the sealing performance of the joint of the unit hanging plate is greatly improved;

2. the adhesive strip and the frosted strip are used for reducing friction resistance when the inserting part is inserted into the inserting groove, the microcapsule is doped in the adhesive strip, the frosted particles are doped in the frosted strip, when the inserting part is inserted into the inserting groove, the frosted strip is in abutting friction with the adhesive strip, and the microcapsule in the adhesive strip has certain lubricity and deformation force, so that friction resistance born by the inserting groove and the inserting part during insertion is reduced, and the two parts are convenient to insert; microcapsules on the surface and inside of the bonding strip are broken under the friction extrusion of abrasive particles in the abrasive strip in the inserting process, glue substance bag cores in the microcapsules flow out, and the glue substance bag cores are filled in gaps of the abutting surfaces of the bonding strip and the abrasive strip and solidified and coagulated at normal temperature, so that the bonding and fixation between the bonding strip and the abrasive strip are realized; and further, the connection tightness between the first sealing strip and the second sealing strip is enhanced, so that the tightness of the joint of the unit hanging plate is consolidated and improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the unit hanging board according to embodiment 1 of the present application when the unit hanging board is spliced.

Fig. 2 is a partial structural sectional view of the unit hanging plate of embodiment 1 of the present application, particularly for showing a plugging assembly between two adjacent unit hanging plates and a connection assembly between the unit hanging plate and the main body structure.

Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of B in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a partial sectional view of the unit hanging plate of embodiment 2 of the present application after being spliced, and is particularly used for showing the splicing structure between two adjacent unit hanging plates.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1. a unit hanging plate; 11. a decorative plate; 12. a thermal insulation board; 13. a reinforcing plate; 14. a plug-in groove; 15. a plug-in part; 2. a first sealing strip; 3. a second sealing strip; 4. an adhesive strip; 5. sanding strips; 6. a connection assembly; 61. the right angle is connected with the corner connector; 62. a fixing bolt; 7. a keel frame.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with figures 1-5.

The source information of the raw materials used in the following examples and comparative examples is shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1

Examples

Example 1

The embodiment of the application discloses a building unit combined type heat-insulating and decorating integrated exterior wall cladding. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the exterior wall cladding includes a plurality of unit cladding 1 spliced with each other, the unit cladding 1 includes an outer decorative board 11, a middle thermal insulation board 12 and an inner reinforcing board 13, the thermal insulation board 12 is made of a lightweight thermal insulation material, the thermal insulation board 12 in the embodiment of the present application is made of a foam board, and in other embodiments, the thermal insulation board 12 may be preferably a benzene board, rock wool, polyurethane, EPS or XPS thermal insulation board; the two sides of the heat preservation plate 12 are respectively and fixedly connected with the decorative plate 11 and the reinforcing plate 13, the decorative plate 11 can be made of decorative materials such as stone plates, ceramic plates, cement fiber plates and the like, and the decorative plate 11 is made of stone plates in the embodiment of the application; the reinforcing plate 13 may be a lightweight cement plate, a refractory fiber plate, or the like, and in this embodiment, the reinforcing plate 13 is a lightweight cement plate.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the reinforcing plate 13 is provided with a connection assembly 6 for connection with the keel frame 7; the connecting assembly 6 comprises a plurality of right-angle connecting corner brackets 61 and fixing bolts 62, two sides of the right-angle connecting corner brackets 61 are respectively abutted against one sides, far away from the decorative plate 11, of the keel frame 7 and the reinforcing plate 13, mounting holes are formed in the positions, corresponding to the right-angle connecting corner brackets 61, of the reinforcing plate 13 and the keel frame 7 in advance, the fixing bolts 62 penetrate through the right-angle connecting corner brackets 61 and extend into the mounting holes, the fixing bolts 62 are respectively in threaded connection with the reinforcing plate 13 and the keel frame 7 through the mounting holes, and the fixing bolts 62 are screwed tightly, so that the unit hanging plate 1 and the main structure are fixedly mounted.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the unit hanging plate 1 is rectangular overall, and the lower side and the left side of the unit hanging plate 1 are both inwards recessed with inserting grooves 14; the cross section of the inserting groove 14 is trapezoid with wider opening and narrower groove bottom; the upper side and the right side of the unit hanging plate 1 are outwards protruded with inserting parts 15; the cross section of the plug-in part 15 is in a trapezoid shape matched with the plug-in groove 14; when the unit hanging plates 1 are installed, the inserting grooves 14 of one unit hanging plate 1 are clamped with the inserting parts 15 of the other unit hanging plate 1, and the two unit hanging plates 1 are spliced in a seamless mode; the unit hanging plate 1 further comprises a plugging assembly for sealing and fixing the plugging groove 14 and the plugging portion 15.

The plugging assembly comprises a first sealing strip 2 adhered to the groove walls at the two sides of the plugging groove 14, and a second sealing strip 3 adhered to the side wall of the plugging part 15, which is abutted against the groove walls at the two sides of the plugging groove 14; in the embodiment of the application, the first sealing strip 2 and the second sealing strip 3 are elastic rubber strips; in other embodiments, the first sealing strip 2 and the second sealing strip 3 may also be foam strips, silica gel strips, or the like. When the plug-in part 15 is completely clamped in the plug-in groove 14, the first sealing strip 2 and the second sealing strip 3 are tightly abutted, and are both in an extrusion state, so that the joint of the unit hanging plate 1 is plugged.

The embodiment also discloses a mounting method of the building unit combined type heat-insulating and decorating integrated exterior wall cladding, which specifically comprises the following steps:

step one, respectively sticking a first sealing strip 2 and a second sealing strip 3 on a plug-in groove 14 and a plug-in part 15 of a unit hanging plate 1 to be installed;

step two, inserting the inserting part 15 of the unit hanging plate 1 to be installed into the inserting groove 14 of the last unit hanging plate 1 which is fixedly installed, wherein the first sealing strip 2 and the second sealing strip 3 are extruded in the inserting process, so that the splicing and fixing of the two unit hanging plates 1 are realized;

step three, a fixing bolt 62 penetrates through the right-angle connecting corner connector 61 to extend into a pre-opened mounting hole of the reinforcing plate 13, the fixing bolt 62 is screwed, and the unit hanging plate 1 is fixedly mounted on the keel frame 7 of the main body structure;

and step four, repeating the steps to finish the installation and fixation of the hanging plate 1 of the heat preservation unit.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 5, this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the plugging assembly further includes an adhesive strip 4 and a frosted strip 5 for reducing frictional resistance when the plugging section 15 is plugged into the plugging slot 14.

The bonding strip 4 is bonded on one side of the first sealing strip 2 close to the second sealing strip 3, and the frosted strip 5 is bonded on one side of the second sealing strip 3 close to the first sealing strip 2; the bonding strip 4 is prepared from microcapsule mixture, microcapsules are filled on the surface and inside of the bonding strip 4, and capsule cores with stronger bonding property are wrapped in the microcapsules; the sanding strip 5 is made of gravel mixture, sanding particles are doped in the sanding strip 5, and the sanding particles protrude out of the surface of the sanding strip 5; when the inserting part 15 is inserted into the inserting groove 14, the frosted strip 5 is in abutting friction with the bonding strip 4, and the microcapsules in the bonding strip 4 have certain lubricity and deformation force, so that the friction resistance born by the inserting groove 14 and the inserting part 15 is reduced, and the two are convenient to insert; microcapsules on the surface and inside of the bonding strip 4 are broken under friction extrusion of the abrasive particles in the abrasive strip 5 in the plugging process, glue substance bag cores in the microcapsules flow out, gaps of abutting surfaces of the bonding strip 4 and the abrasive strip 5 are filled, solidification and condensation are carried out at normal temperature, bonding fixation between the bonding strip 4 and the abrasive strip 5 is achieved, and further bonding fixation of the two unit hanging plates 1 is achieved.

The embodiment also discloses a mounting method of the building unit combined type heat-insulating and decorating integrated exterior wall cladding, which specifically comprises the following steps:

step one:

s1, preparing a microcapsule mixture:

s1-1, adding 50kg of phenolic resin, 25kg of tetraethylenepentamine and 25kg of lignocellulose into a stirrer for mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the phenolic resin to the tetraethylenepentamine to the lignocellulose is 2:1:1; heating to 55deg.C, maintaining the temperature for 30min, and stirring at stirring speed of 110r/min for 30min to obtain microcapsule core liquid;

s1-2, dissolving 50kg of polyvinyl alcohol in 100kg of water, adding the mixture into a stirring pot, heating to 80 ℃, and uniformly stirring under the condition of 50r/min stirring speed to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;

s1-3, taking out 20kg of polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution and 30kg of microcapsule core liquid, mixing in an emulsifying pot, namely, emulsifying for 10S at 85 ℃ and at the speed of 2000r/min, wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution to the microcapsule core liquid is 1:1.5, so as to obtain an emulsified mixed liquid; placing the emulsified mixed solution into a stirring pot, and stirring to gel state at a constant temperature of 35 ℃ and a stirring speed of 35 r/min; after heat preservation and standing for 1h, screening in a wet screening machine at a speed of 1500r/min to obtain microcapsules with a particle size of 200-250 microns;

s1-4, adding 20kg of epoxy resin, 10kg of polyamide resin, 5kg of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 7kg of amyl acetate and 0.5kg of vinyl bis stearamide into a stirring pot, mixing, heating to 90 ℃, and stirring for 30min under the condition of stirring speed of 150r/min to obtain a base material;

s1-5, adding 20kg of microcapsules into a base material, stirring for 10min at the constant temperature of 55 ℃ and the stirring speed of 30r/min, and standing for 6h to obtain a microcapsule mixture;

s2, preparing a gravel mixture:

s2-1, mixing 10kg of corundum, 8kg of nano silicon carbide, 7kg of calcined kaolin and 20kg of water, adding into a granulator, and granulating by the granulator to obtain frosted particles with the particle size of 100-150 microns;

s2-2, adding 20kg of epoxy resin, 10kg of polyamide resin, 5kg of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 7kg of amyl acetate into a stirring pot, mixing, heating to 90 ℃, and stirring for 30min under the condition of stirring speed of 150r/min to obtain a base material;

s2-3, adding the frosted particles into the base material, mixing, and stirring for 10min at normal temperature and stirring speed of 110r/min to obtain a gravel mixture;

s3, respectively sticking a first sealing strip 2 and a second sealing strip 3 on the plug-in groove 14 and the plug-in part 15 of the unit hanging plate 1 to be installed;

s4, coating a layer of microcapsule mixture on the surface of the first sealing strip 2 of the unit hanging plate 1 by using a brush, and coating a layer of gravel mixture on the surface of the second sealing strip 3 of the unit hanging plate 1 to be installed;

inserting the inserting part 15 of the glued unit hanging plate 1 into the inserting groove 14 of the fixedly installed unit hanging plate 1, extruding both the first sealing strip 2 and the second sealing strip 3 in the inserting process, and friction extruding the bonding strip 4 formed by micro-curing the microcapsule mixture and the sand strip 5 formed by micro-curing the sand gravel mixture, wherein the microcapsules in the bonding strip 4 are extruded and friction-broken by the sand particles of the sand strip 5, the capsule core of the colloid in the microcapsules flows out, and the bonding strip 4 and the sand strip 5 are bonded, so that the splicing and fixing of the two unit hanging plates 1 are realized;

step three, a fixing bolt 62 penetrates through the right-angle connecting corner connector 61 to extend into a pre-opened mounting hole of the reinforcing plate 13, the fixing bolt 62 is screwed, and the unit hanging plate 1 is fixedly mounted on the keel frame 7 of the main body structure;

and fourth, repeating the steps S3 and S4 and the steps II and III to finish the installation and fixation of the hanging plate 1 of the heat preservation unit.

Examples 3 to 6

Examples 3-6 differ from example 2 in the composition of the microcapsule mix, the content of the composition of the gravel mix, and the temperature and the rest time during the preparation, and the amounts of the ingredients of the microcapsule mix, the amounts of the ingredients of the gravel mix, and the temperature and time parameters are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

Examples 7 to 8

This embodiment differs from embodiment 2 in that: 3kg and 7kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether are respectively added into the S1-1.

Examples 9 to 11

This embodiment differs from embodiment 2 in that: 2kg, 3.5kg and 5kg of 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane are respectively added into the S1-4.

Example 12

This embodiment differs from embodiment 4 in that: 3kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is also added into the S1-1; 3.5kg of 3-mercaptopropyl-trimethoxysilane was also added to S1-4.

Comparative example

Comparative example 1

The only difference from example 2 is that: the phenolic resin in the capsule core was replaced with an equivalent amount of polyamide resin.

Comparative example 2

The only difference from example 2 is that: the tetraethylenepentamine in the capsule core was replaced with an equivalent amount of dodecyldimethyl tertiary amine.

Comparative example 3

The only difference from example 2 is that: the lignocellulose in the capsule core is replaced by an equal amount of methyl cellulose.

Comparative example 4

The only difference from example 2 is that: the polyvinyl alcohol in the capsule wall was replaced with an equal amount of diatomaceous earth.

Comparative example 5

The only difference from example 2 is that: the sanding strip is replaced with an adhesive strip.

Performance test

1. And (3) adhesive strength detection: according to the test sample preparation and test method in GB-T2791-1995 "test method of adhesive T peel strength test method of Flexible Material against Flexible Material", 15g of microcapsule mixture and 15g of gravel mixture prepared in examples 2-12 and comparative examples 1-5 are uniformly coated on one side surface of two flexible test pieces (rubber piece with thickness of 3mm and length of 15 mm) close to each other respectively, the coated surfaces of the two flexible test pieces are rubbed and extruded, and then waiting for 30min to bond and solidify the microcapsule mixture and the gravel mixture between the two flexible test pieces; then, carrying out a peeling strength test, and recording data as initial peeling strength; the larger the initial peel strength, the larger the bonding strength of the adhesive is proved, and the better the bonding performance of the adhesive is.

2. And (3) water resistance detection: uniformly brushing 15g of the microcapsule mixture and 15g of the gravel mixture prepared in the examples 2-12 and the comparative examples 1-5 on one side surface of two flexible test pieces (rubber sheets with the thickness of 3mm and the length of 15 mm) which are close to each other, rubbing and extruding the glued surfaces of the two flexible test pieces, and waiting for 30min to bond and solidify the microcapsule mixture and the gravel mixture between the two flexible test pieces; immersing the two adhered flexible test pieces in water with the water temperature of 20 ℃ for 7 days, and performing a peel strength test in the adhesive strength detection, wherein the recorded data are the immersed peel strength; comparing the difference between the wet peel strength and the initial peel strength, the smaller the difference, the smaller the amount of moisture penetrating into the adhesive, and the better the water resistance of the adhesive.

Specific test data for test runs 1-2 are detailed in Table 3.

TABLE 3 Table 3

	Initial peel strength (MPa)	Peel strength in water (MPa)
			Example 2	8.2	7.6
Example 3	8.3	7.8
			Example 4	8.5	8.1
Example 5	8.3	7.7
			Example 6	8.6	8.1
Example 7	8.8	8.5
			Example 8	8.6	8.2
Example 9	8.4	7.9
			Example 10	8.5	8.0
Example 11	8.0	7.2
			Example 12	8.9	8.8
Comparative example 1	6.8	5.3
			Comparative example 2	7.6	6.7
Comparative example 3	7.2	6.5
			Comparative example 4	6.5	5.2
Comparative example 5	7.5	6.7

According to the performance detection data of examples 2-6 in Table 3, the initial peel strength of the colloid formed by bonding and curing the microcapsule mixture and the gravel mixture prepared in examples 2-6 is greater than 8MPa, and the microcapsule mixture has good bonding strength; the difference between the soaking peel strength and the initial peel strength of the colloid after soaking for 7d is within 6MPa, the difference is smaller, the water resistance of the colloid is better, and the water-resistant sealing performance of the joint of the unit hanging plate is further improved.

The performance detection data of the examples 2, 3 and 5 are similar, and the examples 2, 3 and 5 show that the raw material components of the microcapsule mixture, the raw material components of the mortar mixture and the process parameters are adjusted within the proportion range, so that the performance of the prepared colloid is not greatly influenced; in the examples 4 and 6, the mixed dispersing agent obtained by mixing the vinyl bis-stearamide and the polyethylene wax according to the mass ratio of 1:1 was selected in the range of the raw material composition ratio, and compared with the dispersing agent in the examples 2, 3 and 5 which only adopts one of the vinyl bis-stearamide and the polyethylene wax, the initial peel strength of the colloid prepared in the examples 4 and 6 is higher, the difference between the soaking peel strength and the initial peel strength is 4MPa and 5MPa, which means that the adhesive strength and the water resistance of the colloid prepared in the examples 4 and 6 are improved, and the sealing property of the joints of the hanging plate of the unit is more beneficial to being improved. The inventor considers that when the vinyl bis-stearamide and the polyethylene wax are mixed for use, the vinyl bis-stearamide and the polyethylene wax have synergistic effect, a waxed surface layer is possibly formed on the surface of a bonding strip formed by micro-curing of the microcapsule mixture, so that friction loss caused by friction extrusion of a sanding strip formed by micro-curing of the gravel mixture and the bonding strip base material is reduced, the surface of the bonding strip is smooth and wear-resistant, a glue substance capsule core discharged by cracking of the microcapsule can bond the bonding strip and the sanding strip better, the bonding strength of a colloid formed by bonding and curing of the bonding strip and the sanding strip is improved, the colloid bonding is tight and firm, and the water resistance of the colloid is also improved.

According to the preparation method, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is added in the preparation process of the capsule core based on the preparation method of the capsule core in the embodiment 7 and the embodiment 8, the initial peel strength of the colloid formed by bonding and solidifying the microcapsule mixture and the gravel mixture prepared in the embodiment 7 and the embodiment 8 is obviously improved, the difference between the soaking peel strength and the initial peel strength is obviously reduced, the difference is reduced to 3-4MPa, and the adhesive strength and the water resistance of the colloid prepared in the embodiment 7 and the embodiment 8 are greatly improved, so that the sealing performance of the joint of the unit hanging plate is more obvious. According to the analysis of the inventor, the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is added into the capsule core, so that the permeability of the gel capsule core is improved, the gel capsule core can fully permeate into the gap of the contact surface of the bonding strip and the sanding strip, and even can permeate into the bonding strip and the sanding strip base material, and the bonding force between the bonding strip and the sanding strip is further enhanced.

Examples 9-11 add 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane to the microcapsule mixture based on example 2, and the initial peel strength of the colloid prepared in examples 9 and 10 is improved less than that of the colloid prepared in example 2, which means that the addition of 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane to the microcapsule mixture is beneficial to reducing friction of components in the microcapsule mixture in the stirring process, so that the microcapsules are not easy to break when being mixed in the base material, the retention rate of the microcapsules in the microcapsule mixture is higher, the integrity of the capsules is better, the loss of the capsule cores is reduced, more capsule cores can play a role in splicing unit hanging plates, and the bonding and fixing between the unit hanging plates are facilitated. The initial peel strength of the colloid prepared in example 11 was reduced compared with that of the colloid prepared in example 2, and the difference between the wet peel strength and the initial peel strength was increased to 8MPa, which indicates that the adhesive strength and the water resistance of the colloid prepared in example 11 were reduced, and the inventors analyzed that the addition of 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane in example 11 was too much, which may result in excessive lubricity of the outer capsule wall, may result in some microcapsules not being broken when the adhesive and the sanding strips are rubbed by extrusion, the core was unable to flow out, the adhesive force between the adhesive and the sanding strips was reduced, the gap between the adhesive and the sanding strips lacked filling of the core was easy to penetrate into the water molecules, and further the water resistance of the cured adhesive tape was reduced, and the sealing at the joints of the unit hanging plate was also unfavorable.

In the example 12, the raw material components and the process parameters of the example 4 are adopted, and 5kg of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and 3.5kg of 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane are added in the microcapsule preparation process, the initial peel strength of the colloid prepared in the example 12 is obviously improved, the difference between the soaking peel strength and the initial peel strength is reduced to 1MPa, which means that the adhesive strength and the water resistance of the colloid prepared in the example 12 are obviously improved, and compared with the example 2, the example 12 is matched with the gain effect of the fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane under the adjustment of the raw material components and the process parameters, under the combined action of the components of the formula, the performance of the prepared colloid is more properly improved and improved, and the process requirements of unit hanging plate installation and splicing are more met.

Comparative examples 1 to 3 were obtained by single replacement of three substances of phenolic resin, tetraethylenepentamine and lignocellulose in the capsule core, the initial peel strength of the colloid prepared in comparative examples 1 to 3 was significantly reduced compared with that of the colloid prepared in example 2, and the difference between the immersed peel strength and the initial peel strength was greater than 7Mpa, which means that the adhesive strength and the water resistance of the colloid prepared in comparative examples 1 to 3 were poor, and the inventor analyzed that the three substances of phenolic resin, tetraethylenepentamine and lignocellulose in the microcapsule core formed a colloid substance with a strong adhesive force under the synergistic effect, the adhesive property between the colloid substance and the abrasive strip was good, and the adhesive strip and the abrasive strip could be tightly adhered together, and if the three substances were replaced, the adhesive substance with a strong adhesive force or the mixture obtained by mixing could not be produced had poor adhesive property, and weak crosslinking curing, and the synergistic effect of the three substances could not be achieved, and the adhesive property and the water resistance of the colloid formed after curing could not be affected.

Comparative example 4 the polyvinyl alcohol forming the capsule wall was replaced with the same amount of diatomaceous earth, the initial peel strength of the colloid prepared in comparative example 4 was poor, the difference between the immersion peel strength and the initial peel strength was large, the adhesive strength and the water resistance of the colloid prepared in comparative example 4 were poor, and the inventors analyzed that diatomaceous earth had a larger physical strength than the polyvinyl alcohol, the wall thickness forming the capsule wall was thick, and it was difficult to break; and the diatomite is possibly dispersed in the bonding strip and the interface of the bonding strip and the contact of the frosting strip after being broken, so that the flow and filling of the bag core are hindered, the bonding force between the bonding strip and the frosting strip is reduced, and the bonding strength and the water resistance of the colloid are reduced.

Comparative example 5 the abrasive bars were replaced with adhesive bars, and the initial peel strength of the colloid prepared in comparative example 5 was poor, the difference between the immersed peel strength and the initial peel strength was large, and the inventors analyzed that the friction of the abrasive bars was lost, the friction between the two adhesive bars was small, the microcapsules could not be broken only by extrusion, the capsule cores could not flow out, on the one hand, the adhesive force was reduced due to the lack of the adhered capsule cores between the two adhesive bars, and on the other hand, the microcapsules were broken and dispersed unevenly, so that voids were generated at the positions where the two adhesive bars did not have the capsule cores, and the water resistance was affected easily by the penetration of moisture.

The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a building unit combination formula heat preservation decorates integration exterior wall cladding, includes a plurality of unit link plates (1) of mutually concatenation, unit link plate (1) include outer decorative board (11), heat preservation board (12) of middle level and reinforcing plate (13) of inlayer, the both sides of heat preservation board (12) respectively with decorative board (11) with reinforcing plate (13) fixed connection, reinforcing plate (13) are provided with coupling assembling (6) that are used for linking to each other with fossil fragments (7); the method is characterized in that: the unit hanging plate (1) is rectangular as a whole, and inserting grooves (14) are formed in the lower side and the left side of the unit hanging plate (1) in an inward sunken mode; the section of the inserting groove (14) is trapezoid; the upper side and the right side of the unit hanging plate (1) are outwards protruded with inserting parts (15); the section of the inserting part (15) is in a trapezoid shape matched with the inserting groove (14); the inserting grooves (14) of the unit hanging plates (1) are clamped with inserting parts (15) of adjacent unit hanging plates (1); the unit hanging plate (1) further comprises a plugging assembly for sealing and fixing the plugging groove (14) and the plugging part (15); the plugging assembly comprises a first sealing strip (2) adhered to the groove walls at two sides of the plugging groove (14), and a second sealing strip (3) adhered to the side wall of the plugging part (15) which is abutted to the groove walls at two sides of the plugging groove (14); when the inserting part (15) is completely clamped in the inserting groove (14), the first sealing strip (2) and the second sealing strip (3) are both in an extrusion state; the plugging assembly further comprises an adhesive strip (4) and a frosted strip (5) which are used for reducing friction resistance when the plugging part (15) is plugged with the plugging groove (14); the bonding strip (4) is bonded on one side of the first sealing strip (2) close to the second sealing strip (3); the frosted strip (5) is adhered to one side of the second sealing strip (3) close to the first sealing strip (2);

the bonding strip (4) is prepared from a microcapsule mixture, and the microcapsule mixture comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 20-30 parts of epoxy resin, 10-15 parts of polyamide resin, 5-7 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, 7-9 parts of amyl acetate, 0.5-1 part of dispersing agent and 20-25 parts of microcapsule; wherein the microcapsule is prepared by wrapping a capsule core by a capsule wall, and the mass ratio of the capsule wall to the capsule core is 1 (1.5-2.1); the raw materials of the capsule wall comprise polyvinyl alcohol, and the capsule core comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of phenolic resin, 20-25 parts of tetraethylenepentamine and 20-25 parts of lignocellulose;

the frosted strip (5) is made of gravel mixture; the gravel mixture comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 10-20 parts of epoxy resin, 8-14 parts of polyamide resin, 3-5 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and 4-6 parts of amyl acetate; 15-25 parts of corundum, 20-30 parts of nano silicon carbide, 15-20 parts of calcined kaolin and 20-25 parts of water.

2. The building unit combined type heat preservation and decoration integrated exterior wall cladding board according to claim 1, wherein: the capsule core also comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether.

3. The building unit combined type heat preservation and decoration integrated exterior wall cladding board according to claim 2, wherein: the microcapsule mixture also comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 2-5 parts of 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane.

4. The building unit combined type heat preservation and decoration integrated exterior wall cladding board according to claim 1, wherein: the dispersing agent is vinyl bis-stearamide and/or polyethylene wax.

5. A method for installing a building unit combined type heat-insulating and decorating integrated exterior wall cladding according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

step one, mounting a plugging assembly on a plugging groove and a plugging part of a unit hanging plate (1) to be mounted;

inserting the inserting part (15) of the unit hanging plate (1) provided with the plugging component into the inserting groove (14) of the last unit hanging plate (1) which is fixedly installed, so as to realize the splicing of the two unit hanging plates (1);

step three, fixedly connecting the spliced unit hanging plate (1) with a keel frame (7) through a connecting component (6);

step four, repeating the steps to finish the installation and fixation of the hanging plate (1) of the heat preservation unit;

in the first step, the installation of the plugging assembly specifically includes: a first sealing strip (2) and a second sealing strip (3) are respectively stuck on a plug-in groove (14) and a plug-in part (15) of a unit hanging plate (1) to be installed; coating microcapsule mixture on the first sealing strip (2) and coating gravel mixture on the second sealing strip (3);

the preparation method of the microcapsule mixture comprises the following steps:

s1-1, mixing phenolic resin, tetraethylenepentamine and lignocellulose, heating to 55-65 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain microcapsule core liquid;

s1-2, dissolving polyvinyl alcohol in water with the mass of 2 times of that of the polyvinyl alcohol, heating to 80-85 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution;

s1-3, mixing microcapsule core liquid with a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and emulsifying to obtain an emulsified mixed liquid; stirring the emulsified mixture to gel state at constant temperature of 40 ℃; standing and screening to obtain microcapsules;

s1-4, mixing epoxy resin, polyamide resin, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, amyl acetate and a dispersing agent, heating to 90-100 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a base material;

s1-5, adding the microcapsule into a base material, uniformly mixing at the constant temperature of 55-60 ℃, and standing for 6 hours to obtain a microcapsule mixture;

the preparation method of the gravel mixture comprises the following steps:

s2-1, mixing corundum, nano silicon carbide, calcined kaolin and water, stirring and granulating to obtain frosted particles;

s2-2, mixing epoxy resin, polyamide resin, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and amyl acetate, heating to 90-100 ℃, and uniformly stirring to obtain a base material;

s2-3, adding the sand grinding particles into the base material, and uniformly mixing to obtain the gravel mixture.

Images