CN114314850A - Constructed wetland deep purification device and method for high-salt refractory organic wastewater - Google Patents
Constructed wetland deep purification device and method for high-salt refractory organic wastewater Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial wetland deep purification device and method for high-salt refractory organic wastewater. The constructed wetland deep purification device and the method for the high-salt refractory organic wastewater adopt the combined action of biological, physical and chemical combination to intercept and reduce salinity, remove refractory organic matters, remove nitrogen and phosphorus. By arranging the drop-type purification layer, nitration reaction, denitrification reaction and carbon and phosphorus removal can be carried out in the filler layer, the degradation of organic matters can be promoted to be converted into small molecules, and the degraded organic matters can be utilized by microorganisms in situ. Meanwhile, the purification device is emptied every month, and the fallen biological membranes and the like are discharged in time, so that the problem of matrix blockage is effectively relieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an artificial wetland deep purification device and method for high-salt degradation-resistant organic wastewater.
Background
At present, the advanced treatment of high-salt refractory organic wastewater mainly adopts chemical methods (such as coagulation, advanced oxidation, electrochemical methods and the like), physicochemical methods (such as membrane separation technology, evaporation method, adsorption method, ion exchange method and the like), biological methods (such as an aeration biological filter, a biological activated carbon method and the like) and ecological treatment methods (namely artificial wetland treatment technology). The physical-chemical method is adopted to carry out advanced treatment on the high-salinity wastewater, the cost is usually high, for example, the energy consumption is high in the operation process of an evaporation process, the later period of an ion exchange and adsorption method needs high regeneration cost, the reverse osmosis membrane treatment technology has high requirements on the quality of inlet water, and a complex pretreatment technology needs to be carried out, so that the treatment cost is increased. In contrast, biological treatment of high-salinity wastewater can meet the requirement of low cost, but high salinity can inhibit the unacclimated microorganisms to a certain extent and destroy the metabolic functions of the microorganisms, so that the degradation capability of the microorganisms is weakened, and the pollutant removal efficiency is reduced.
The artificial wetland technology is a sewage treatment technology which is characterized in that an ecosystem consisting of water, soil, plants and microorganisms is constructed through artificial design, and sewage purification is realized under the synergistic action of physics, chemistry and biology as an ecological treatment technology. Compared with other deep wastewater treatment methods, the constructed wetland has the advantages of low construction investment, low operation cost, low energy consumption, less secondary pollution and good landscape ecological benefit.
Although the artificial wetland can obviously improve the quality of the effluent, and can be combined with water system landscape construction and regional ecological restoration to create good ecological and environmental values, the problems of low pollutant removal efficiency, substrate blockage and the like also occur in the process of treating the high-salt degradation-resistant organic wastewater, and the problems have certain influence on the application development of the artificial wetland. The pollutant removal efficiency is low, and the resource utilization of the high-salt degradation-resistant organic wastewater is directly influenced; and the substrate blockage can shorten the service life of the wetland and influence the reliability of the treatment effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of low pollutant removal efficiency and substrate blockage in the prior art and provides an artificial wetland deep purification device and method for high-salt refractory organic wastewater.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a constructed wetland deep purification device of high salt refractory organic waste water, constructed wetland deep purification device of high salt refractory organic waste water includes that former water tank and drop formula purify the layer, former water tank pass through the inlet tube with the drop formula purifies the top on layer and connects, the drop formula purifies the layer and includes the packing layer, the packing layer includes indisputable carbon group and biofilm carrier.
According to the scheme, by adopting the structural form, the organic wastewater is discharged into the filler layer from the top of the drop-type purification layer, the iron-carbon base and the biological filler are uniformly arranged in the filler layer, a series of biochemical reactions such as nitration reaction and the like are carried out in the filler layer, so that the conversion of organic matters which are difficult to degrade into small molecules is promoted, the degraded organic matters can be utilized by microorganism raw materials, and the removal efficiency of pollutants is improved; and water is fed in by adopting a water drop mode, so that dissolved oxygen in water is increased, and the nitration reaction is smoothly carried out.
Preferably, the biological filler is polypropylene or polyurethane.
Preferably, the drop-type purification layer further comprises a covering layer and a filter layer, and the covering layer, the filler layer and the filter layer are sequentially arranged and connected from top to bottom in the vertical direction. The drop-type purification layer is provided with a plurality of purification layers, and the drop-type purification layer combines the biological, physical and chemical effects to jointly achieve the effect of degrading organic wastewater.
Preferably, the cover layer, the filler layer and the filter layer are sequentially connected in edge alignment in a vertical direction. By adopting the structure form, the contact area between the organic wastewater and each layer can be increased, so that the purification efficiency is higher, and the purification is more thorough.
Preferably, the packing layers comprise an upper packing layer and a lower packing layer, and the upper packing layer comprises biological packing and iron carbon base; the lower packing layer comprises slag for removing carbon and phosphorus. The upper packing layer is subjected to a series of chemical reactions such as nitration reaction and the like during aerobic reaction, and the lower packing layer is subjected to physical adsorption carbon and phosphorus removal. Each step of working procedures is carried out in sequence, and the organic wastewater is degraded by combining the biological, physical and chemical actions, so that the pollutant removal rate can be improved, the organic wastewater is deeply purified, and the problem of wetland filler blockage is effectively solved.
Preferably, constructed wetland advanced purification device of high salt refractory organic waste water still includes first peristaltic pump, first peristaltic pump install in on the inlet tube, be used for with organic waste water is followed former water tank conveys drop formula purifies the layer.
Preferably, the cover layer comprises salt tolerant plants. The salt-tolerant plants are used for absorbing and retaining partial salt.
Preferably, the filter layer includes transition layer and drainage blanket, the transition layer with the drainage blanket is followed the vertical direction and is down arranged the connection in proper order from the top. And after the drainage layer is filtered by the transition layer, the organic wastewater is discharged through the drainage layer.
Preferably, the filter layer still includes outlet pipe and/or evacuation pipe, the outlet pipe with drainage blanket closed type connects, the evacuation pipe will drainage blanket and external intercommunication. The evacuation pipe is used for discharging the fallen biofilm and the like.
Preferably, the drop-type purification layer further comprises a vent pipe and a return pipe, the vent pipe connects the drainage layer with the external atmosphere, and the return pipe connects the drainage layer with the filler layer. The backflow pipe discharges the organic wastewater which is not degraded sufficiently back to the packing layer again for secondary purification, and the treatment effect is ensured.
Preferably, the constructed wetland deep purification device for high-salt refractory organic wastewater further comprises a second peristaltic pump, and the second peristaltic pump is mounted on the return pipe and is used for conveying the organic wastewater from the drainage layer to the filler layer for secondary purification.
Preferably, the constructed wetland deep purification device for the high-salt refractory organic wastewater further comprises a surface flow purification layer, and the surface flow purification device is connected with the drop-in purification layer through a water outlet pipe. The outlet pipe is connected the drainage blanket and the surface flow purifier on drop purification layer, discharges into surface flow purifier organic waste water and realizes further getting rid of the pollutant and holding back the salinity of organic waste water.
An implementation method of an artificial wetland deep purification device for high-salt refractory organic wastewater comprises the following steps:
s11, discharging the organic wastewater in the raw water tank to the drop type purification layer through a water inlet pipe;
s12, sequentially passing the organic wastewater through a covering layer, a filler layer and a transition layer from top to bottom, and performing corresponding purification operation in the corresponding layer;
and S13, finally, the organic wastewater enters the packing layer through a return pipe for secondary purification and/or enters a surface flow purification device through a water outlet pipe, gas generated in the purification process is discharged from a vent pipe, and biological membranes and the like falling off in the purification process are discharged from an emptying pipe.
Preferably, biofilm formation of the biofilm in the drop-in purification layer is performed prior to S11.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows: the constructed wetland deep purification device and the method for the high-salt refractory organic wastewater adopt the combined action of biological, physical and chemical combination to reduce the salinity, remove refractory organic matters, remove nitrogen and phosphorus together. According to the invention, the drop-type purification layer is arranged, so that the dissolved oxygen in water is increased, and the nitration process is smoothly carried out; the filler layer comprises a ferric carbon base and a biological filler, can perform nitration reaction, denitrification reaction and carbon and phosphorus removal in the filler layer, can promote degraded organic matters to be converted into small molecules, and can utilize the degraded organic matters in situ by microorganisms; and a return pipeline is arranged, so that the further removal of pollutants can be promoted, and the treatment effect is ensured. Meanwhile, the purification device is emptied every month, and the fallen biological membranes and the like are discharged in time, so that the problem of matrix blockage is effectively relieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an artificial wetland deep purification device for high-salt refractory organic wastewater according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
raw water tank 1
Water inlet pipe 2
First peristaltic pump 21
Drop type purification layer 3
Upper layer filler layer 321
Lower layer filler layer 322
Return pipe 34
Second peristaltic pump 341
Emptying pipe 35
Gas permeable tube 36
Surface flow purification layer 5
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an artificial wetland deep purification device for high-salt refractory organic wastewater, the artificial wetland deep purification device for high-salt refractory organic wastewater comprises a raw water tank 1 and a drop-type purification layer 3, the raw water tank 1 is connected with the top of the drop-type purification layer 3 through a water inlet pipe 2, the organic wastewater then starts to flow into the drop-type purification layer 3 from the top of the drop-type purification layer 3 and permeates into the drop-type purification layer 3, the drop-type purification layer 3 comprises a filler layer 32, and the filler layer 32 comprises a ferrite matrix and a biological filler. The permeated organic wastewater is discharged in a water dropping mode, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water can be increased, and the organic wastewater can be better degraded in the packing layer 32. Meanwhile, the water-drop purification layer 3 can be emptied 1-2 times per month, so that a dropped biological film can be timely discharged, and the problem of substrate blockage is effectively relieved.
The organic wastewater flows into the packing layer 32, the iron carbon group and the biological filler are uniformly arranged in the packing layer 32, and the organic matter is degraded under the combined action of the iron carbon group and the biological filler, so that the nitrification reaction is carried out to carry out NH in the packing layer 32 during aerobic process4 +Conversion of-N to NO3 -N, respectively degrading organic matters and removing phosphorus based on a primary cell reaction, an oxidation-reduction reaction, an electrochemical enrichment effect and a flocculation precipitation effect, and enabling the microorganisms to utilize a carbon source released by the roots of plants or a 'pseudo carbon source' released by organic matters or fillers after sewage degradation to remove NO in the absence of oxygen3 -Conversion of-N to-N2And (4) discharging. In the embodiment, the biological filler is specifically polypropylene or polyurethane, etc., so that the conversion of the refractory organic matters into small molecules is promoted, and the degraded organic matters can be utilized by microorganism raw materials, thereby improving the removal efficiency of pollutants. Meanwhile, the water dropping mode is adopted, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water is increased, and the nitration reaction can be smoothly carried out.
Specifically, the drop-down purification layer 3 further includes a cover layer 31 and a filter layer 33, the cover layer 31, the filler layer 32 and the filter layer 33 are sequentially connected from top to bottom in the vertical direction, and preferably, the cover layer 31, the filler layer 32 and the filter layer 33 are sequentially connected in an edge alignment in the vertical direction. One layer is arranged on the other layer, so that the organic wastewater can be orderly treated by layer-by-layer processes, and the degradation of the organic wastewater and the removal of pollutants are jointly realized by the combined action of biology, physics and chemistry.
In the present embodiment, the thicknesses of the respective layers and the particle diameters of the materials of the drop-type purification layer 3 are specifically as follows: the height of the covering layer 31 is 10cm, the grain diameter is 8 mm-16 mm, and salt-tolerant plant reeds are planted above the covering layer 31; the height of the filler layer 32 is 60cm, the particle size is 2 mm-6 mm, wherein the height of the biological filler and the iron-carbon base is 40cm, and the biological filler and the iron-carbon base are uniformly arranged; the height of the transition layer 331 is 10cm, and the particle size is 5 mm-10 mm; the height of the drainage layer 332 is 20cm, and the particle size is 16 mm-32 mm. The arrangement in which the cover layer 31, the filler layer 32 and the filter layer 33 are connected in this order with their edges aligned in the vertical direction has an advantage that the contact area between the organic wastewater and each layer can be increased, so that the efficiency of purification is higher and the purification is more thorough.
Specifically, the packing layer 32 comprises an upper packing layer 321 and a lower packing layer 322, the upper packing layer 321 comprises a biological packing and an iron carbon base, as described above, the upper packing layer 321 enriches nitrifying bacteria, autotrophic denitrifying bacteria, heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria and other microorganisms for denitrification, and the iron carbon base forms a primary battery, and the generated redox reaction, electrochemical enrichment and flocculation precipitation effect remove carbon and phosphorus; the lower packing layer 322 includes slag for carbon and phosphorus removal.
In the packing layer 32, the combined action of biochemistry and physics is adopted to realize the degradation and purification of organic wastewater, which is different from the previous single work and realizes the action of 1+1 > 2, namely, the physical carbon and phosphorus removal effect is realized, and a series of reactions such as biochemical nitration reaction and the like are also realized. Each step of working procedure is carried out in sequence, thereby not only improving the removal rate of pollutants and deeply purifying organic wastewater, but also effectively relieving the problem of wetland filler blockage.
Specifically, the constructed wetland deep purification device for high-salt refractory organic wastewater further comprises a first peristaltic pump 21, wherein the first peristaltic pump 21 is installed on the water inlet pipe 2 and used for conveying the organic wastewater from the raw water tank 1 to the drop-type purification layer 3, so that the organic wastewater flows into the top of the drop-type purification layer 3 from the raw water tank 1 through the water inlet pipe 2, and further flows into and permeates each layer of the drop-type purification layer 3 to perform respective purification treatment on each layer.
Specifically, the cover 31 includes salt tolerant plants planted inside the cover 31 for absorbing and retaining a portion of the salt.
Specifically, the filter layer 33 includes a transition layer 331 and a drainage layer 332, and the transition layer 331 and the drainage layer 332 are sequentially connected from top to bottom in the vertical direction. The organic waste water is further purified in the filter layer 33 to further remove contaminants and retain salts. The organic wastewater purified by the transition layer 331 is discharged through the drainage layer 332.
The filter layer 33 further comprises a vent pipe 36, the vent pipe 36 is located on the drainage layer 332, the vent pipe 36 is communicated with the outside, and the vent pipe 36 discharges the gas in the drop-type purification layer to the outside.
Specifically, the filter layer 33 further comprises a water outlet pipe 4 and/or an emptying pipe 35, the water outlet pipe 4 is connected with the drainage layer 332 in a closed manner, and organic wastewater is discharged from the drainage layer 332 through the water outlet pipe 4; the drain pipe 35 communicates the drain layer 332 with the outside, and the drain pipe 35 discharges the excess gas after purifying the organic wastewater in the drop type purification layer 3 to the outside.
Specifically, drop formula purifies layer 3 still includes back flow 34, back flow 34 purifies the drainage blanket 332 and the packing layer 32 intercommunication in the layer 3 with drop formula, and the constructed wetland deep purification device of the difficult degradation organic waste water of high salt still includes second peristaltic pump 341, second peristaltic pump 341 is installed on back flow 34, back flow 34 will degrade insufficient organic waste water and arrange back packing layer 32 again and carry out the secondary and purify, and the promotion effect through second peristaltic pump 341 drives the flow of organic waste water, and accelerate, and set up back flow 34 and guaranteed the treatment effect of organic waste water.
Specifically, constructed wetland advanced purification device of high salt refractory organic waste water still includes surface flow purification layer 5, and surface flow purification device is connected through outlet pipe 4 and drop-in purification layer, discharges the organic waste water in drainage layer 332 into the surface flow purification device through outlet pipe 4 promptly and carries out further purification treatment, realizes further getting rid of the pollutant of organic waste water and holds back the salinity.
In the embodiment, the constructed wetland deep purification device for high-salt refractory organic wastewater can be used for purifying refractory organic wastewater. The standard of the high-salt degradation-resistant organic wastewater is as follows: SS<100mg/L、COD<150 mg/L. High-salt degradation-resistant organic wastewaterIn the artificial wetland depth purification device, the specific numerical value standard of the drop type purification layer 3 is as follows: surface organic load 5-8 [ g/(m)2·d)]，NH3-N surface load 2 to 3[ g/(m)2·d)]Surface hydraulic load is less than or equal to 0.5[ m ]3/(m2·d)]The hydraulic retention time is 1-3 d, and the reflux ratio is 100-300%; the specific numerical criteria of the surface flow purification layer 5 are as follows: the water depth is 30-60 cm, and the surface organic load is 1.5-5 [ g/(m)2·d)]Surface hydraulic load is less than or equal to 0.1[ m%3/(m2·d)]And the hydraulic retention time is 4-8 d.
The implementation method of the constructed wetland deep purification device for the high-salt refractory organic wastewater comprises the following steps:
and S11, discharging the organic wastewater from the raw water tank 1 into the water inlet pipe 2 at a flow rate of 20L/d through the driving of the first peristaltic pump 21 to the top of the drop type purification layer 3. The specific numerical criteria of the organic wastewater in this example are: SS is 20-26 mg/L, COD is 40-58 mg/L, NH4 +N concentration of 1.2-2.6 mg/L, TN concentration of 8-12 mg/L, TP concentration of 0.7-1.2 mg/L, chloride ion concentration of 1500-2000 mg/L;
and S12, sequentially flowing the organic wastewater from the top of the drop-in purification layer into the covering layer 31, the filler layer 32 and the transition layer 331 from top to bottom, and performing corresponding purification operation in the corresponding layer. The specific numerical criteria of the drop type purification layer 3 in this embodiment are: surface organic load 5.7-7.8 [ g/(m)2·d)]Surface hydraulic load 0.28[ m ]3/(m2·d)]The hydraulic retention time is 3d, and the reflux ratio is 200 percent;
and S13, finally, discharging the organic wastewater into the drainage layer 332, then discharging the organic wastewater into the return pipe 34 to enter the packing layer 32 for secondary purification and/or enter the surface flow purification device through the water outlet pipe 4 to carry out the next purification operation, and discharging the gas generated in the purification process from the gas permeable pipe 36. The specific numerical criteria of the surface flow cleaning layer 5 in this example are: surface organic load 1.6-2.2 [ g/(m)2·d)]Surface hydraulic load 0.08[ m ]3/(m2·d)]And hydraulic retention time 6 d.
Specifically, before S11, biofilm formation of the biological filler in the drop-in purification layer is performed, and the biofilm formation specifically operates as follows: and (2) placing the biological filler and activated sludge into an anoxic/aerobic SBR reactor, wherein the activated sludge is from a sewage treatment plant for treating sewage by a biological method, and when the sludge concentration MLSS is more than 3000mg/L and the environmental temperature is higher than 25 ℃, the lower limit of the film hanging time is taken, otherwise, the upper limit is taken. Firstly, feeding water and carrying out anoxic stirring, stopping stirring when the pH or ORP has an inflection point, then starting aeration and simultaneously stirring, controlling the concentration of dissolved oxygen to be 2-4 mg/L in the aeration process, monitoring the pH change in the nitrification process on line by using a pH probe, stopping aeration and draining for idling when the pH is not changed any more, then entering the next period, and placing the membrane into a drop-type purification layer 3 with the effective volume of 60L after 30d of membrane hanging.
By adopting the implementation method in the embodiment, the following can be obtained: the constructed wetland deep purification device for the high-salt refractory organic wastewater can realize stable operation after being started for 60 days, the problem of substrate blockage does not occur within half a year of self-stable operation, and the COD concentration of effluent of the device is 25-33 mg/L, NH during the stable operation4 +The concentration of N is 0.5-1.0 mg/L, TN and the concentration of N is lower than 6mg/L, TP and the concentration of N is lower than 0.3 mg/L.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. The constructed wetland deep purification device for the high-salt refractory organic wastewater comprises a raw water tank and a drop-type purification layer, wherein the raw water tank is connected with the top of the drop-type purification layer through a water inlet pipe, the drop-type purification layer comprises a packing layer, and is characterized in that,
the filler layer comprises a ferric carbon base and a biological filler.
2. The apparatus for purifying organic wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the bio-filler is polypropylene or polyurethane.
3. The constructed wetland deep purification device of high-salt refractory organic wastewater as recited in claim 1, wherein the drop-type purification layer further comprises a covering layer and a filter layer, and the covering layer, the filler layer and the filter layer are sequentially connected from top to bottom in the vertical direction.
4. The constructed wetland deep purification device of high-salt refractory organic wastewater as claimed in claim 3, wherein the covering layer, the filler layer and the filter layer are sequentially connected in an edge alignment manner in the vertical direction.
5. The constructed wetland deep purification device of high-salt refractory organic wastewater as recited in claim 3, wherein the packing layer comprises an upper packing layer and a lower packing layer, the upper packing layer comprises biological packing and ferrocarbides; the lower packing layer comprises slag for removing carbon and phosphorus.
6. The constructed wetland depth purification device for high-salt refractory organic wastewater as recited in claim 1, further comprising a first peristaltic pump mounted on the water inlet pipe for conveying the organic wastewater from the raw water tank to the drop purification layer.
7. The constructed wetland deep purification device of high-salt refractory organic wastewater as claimed in claim 3, wherein the covering layer comprises salt-tolerant plants.
8. The constructed wetland deep purification device of high-salt refractory organic wastewater as claimed in claim 3, wherein the filter layer comprises a transition layer and a drainage layer, and the transition layer and the drainage layer are sequentially connected from top to bottom in the vertical direction.
9. The constructed wetland deep purification device of high-salt refractory organic wastewater as claimed in claim 8, wherein the filter layer further comprises a water outlet pipe and/or an emptying pipe, the water outlet pipe is connected with the drainage layer in a closed manner, and the emptying pipe is used for communicating the drainage layer with the outside.
10. The constructed wetland deep purification device of high-salt refractory organic wastewater as recited in claim 1, wherein the drop-type purification layer further comprises a vent pipe and a return pipe, the vent pipe connects the drainage layer with the outside atmosphere, and the return pipe connects the drainage layer with the filler layer.
11. The constructed wetland deep purification device of high-salt refractory organic wastewater as claimed in claim 10, further comprising a second peristaltic pump mounted on the return pipe for conveying the organic wastewater from the drainage layer to the filler layer for secondary purification.
12. The constructed wetland depth purification device for high-salt refractory organic wastewater as recited in claim 1, further comprising a surface flow purification layer, wherein the surface flow purification layer is connected with the drop-in purification layer through a water outlet pipe.
13. The implementation method of the constructed wetland deep purification device for the high-salt refractory organic wastewater as recited in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s11, discharging the organic wastewater in the raw water tank to the drop type purification layer through a water inlet pipe;
s12, sequentially passing the organic wastewater through a covering layer, a filler layer and a transition layer from top to bottom, and performing corresponding purification operation in the corresponding layer;
and S13, finally, the organic wastewater enters the packing layer through a return pipe for secondary purification and/or enters a surface flow purification device through a water outlet pipe, gas generated in the purification process is discharged from a vent pipe, and an emptying pipe is used for discharging the biofilm dropped in the purification process.
14. The implementation method of the constructed wetland deep purification device for the high-salt refractory organic wastewater as recited in claim 13, characterized in that before S11, biofilm carrier biofilm culturing in the drop-in purification layer is performed.
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