CN101792228A - Double-layer artificial wetland system for strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Double-layer artificial wetland system for strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-layer artificial wetland system for strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization and an operation method thereof. The system comprises an upper layer of wetland, a lower layer of wetland, a water inlet and distribution system and an effluent collection system, wherein the upper layer of the wetland is filled with mineral filler, and the lower layer of the wetland is filled with biologic filler which is favorable for microorganisms to adhere to grow; the water inlet and distribution system is divided into to two branches, wherein one branch is distributed above the upper layer of the wetland, and the other branch is distributed on the interface of the upper layer of the wetland and the lower layer of the wetland; and the effluent collection system is distributed on the bottom of the lower layer of the wetland. The method comprises: waterfall aeration is carried out on sewage by one branch of the distribution system, then the sewage falls into the upper layer of the wetland to remove organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and the like to vertically seep into the lower layer of the wetland; in order to supplement a carbon source, a small strand of sewage is introduced into the lower layer of the wetland by the other branch of the distribution system to be mixed with the sewage seeped from the upper layer of the wetland for denitrification; and water is discharged from the effluent collection device after being processed. The invention occupies small area, has small possibility of being blocked and has favorable denitrification and dephosphorization effects and low investment operation cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of sewage, be specifically related to a kind of double-layer artificial wetland system and working method thereof of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization, the method for mainly utilizing artificial swamp to dispose of sewage reaches the purpose of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization.
Background technology
Polluted water land is handled artificial wetland technology, and (Constructed Wetlands CWs) has become a kind of water pollution control technology of World Focusing.Artificial swamp openly is reported in 1904 the earliest, but formally as a kind of sewage disposal technology, then rises countries such as U.S. the seventies, Australia, Holland, Denmark, Britain, and it develops rapidly and then is recent two decades.In recent years, the artificial swamp research that is applied to handle domestic sewage of villages and small towns, control widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area and rivers and lakes eutrophication appears in the newspapers repeatly.
Yet deficiencies such as traditional artificial swamp pollutant load is low, floor space is big, easily obstruction, oxygen supply deficiency, denitrogenation dephosphorizing effect are undesirable have restricted the tempo and the application scale of artificial swamp.
At artificial marsh sewage treatment system oxygen supply deficiency, present research mainly concentrates on the following aspects: the strong plant of (1) screening reoxygenation ability, but wastewater treatment efficiency higher to concentration, that load is big is not obvious, can not solve the seasonal difference of plant reoxygenation; (2) increase artificial swamp processing unit flow process or reduction load; (3) increase pre-treatment, as before the soil is handled, increase nitrated section or to sewage preaeration to improve the dissolved oxygen of intaking etc.; (4) in the artificial marsh sewage treatment system in conjunction with artificial aeration's technology, replenish the inner dissolved oxygen of wetland, this method can improve plant do not grow up to before and the treatment effect of land system when winter, the plant effect weakened, but increased energy consumption and working cost; (5) water pump lifting or utilize the physical features drop to carry out drop oxygenation.
At the characteristics of artificial marsh sewage treatment system denitrification weak effect, present research mainly concentrates on the following aspects: (1) segmental influent, with former water as carbon source; (2) increase return-flow system, with the part effluent recycling; (3) control condition is in inner aerobic zone and the oxygen-starved area of forming of medium.
Not good at the artificial swamp phosphor-removing effect, present research mainly concentrates on the following aspects: chemical methods such as (1) employing flocculation sediment carry out pre-treatment to sewage; (2) in artificial swamp, increase filler to the plain high adsorption capacity of phosphorus; (3) connect land percolation even depth processing unit after, the phosphorus element in the artificial wetland effluent is removed in absorption.
There was following problem in the research of artificial swamp and the application process: low based on easy obstruction of the wetland of soil or fine sand and pollutant load in the past; There is the insufficient problem of oxygen supply in the simple plant reoxygenation that relies on, the ammonia nitrogen removal weak effect, and take the artificial aeration to increase energy consumption and working cost; Wetland back segment carbon source deficiency causes the denitrification denitrogenation effect undesirable; Introduce as efficient dephosphorization filler such as slag, slag, quartz sand and mainly rely on the adsorption dephosphorization, the physico-chemical property of filler itself may be brought negative impact to the growth of wetland plant on the one hand, the displacement of adsorbing saturated back filler on the other hand causes the increase of cost of investment, and the treatment and disposal of adsorbing saturated back filler has the potential secondary pollution problems.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention provides the double-layer artificial wetland system that a kind of floor space is few, be difficult for obstruction, good denitrogenation and dephosphorization effect, strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization that investment running cost is low, adopt double-deck vertical current constructed wetland system, for the villages and small towns scattering sewage treatment provides a valid approach.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of working method of double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization, comprise the upper strata wetland that places body inside, pond, lower floor's wetland, the water inlet water distribution system of water into be provided and go out water collection system for upper strata wetland and lower floor's wetland, the described water collection pipe that goes out that goes out water collection system places lower floor wetland bottom, filling with to remove suspended substance, organism, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus in the wetland of described upper strata is the mineral filler of main purpose, and filling with to remove total nitrogen in the described lower floor wetland is the biologic packing material that is beneficial to attached growth of microorganisms of main purpose.
The pond body of the top of described upper strata wetland is provided with upflow tube, and plantation has plant in the wetland of upper strata.
Described water inlet water distribution system comprises upper strata water distributor that has perforation that places wetland top, upper strata and the lower floor's water distribution system that places upper strata wetland and lower floor's wetland interface; Described upper strata water distributor and lower floor's water distribution system are connected by straight tube, and its intersection is provided with flowrate control valve.
Be filled with thick pebbles and thin pebbles between the mineral filler of described upper strata wetland and the biologic packing material of lower floor's wetland, described lower floor water distribution system places between described thick pebbles and the thin pebbles.
Described lower floor water distribution system comprises lower floor's water distributor, the sawtooth overflow cloth tank that has perforation and places the cloth sink cover of overflow cloth tank top that described lower floor water distributor places in the described overflow cloth tank.
Described biologic packing material below is filled with thick pebbles, and the described water collection pipe that goes out that goes out water collection system places in the middle of the thick pebbles.
Describedly go out water collection system and comprise the U-shaped pipe that goes out water collection pipe, outfall sewer and control upper strata wetland liquid level that has the prosopyle, described outfall sewer bottom is provided with blow-off valve.
Mineral filler and the biologic packing material aspect ratio in lower floor's wetland in the wetland of described upper strata are 4: 1~1: 2.
Described biologic packing material is the many-sided ball of diameter 25~50mm, its material is one or more in polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), Reinforced Polypropylene (RPP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) and the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) (PVDF), and it is spherical that described biologic packing material is multiaspect.
Described mineral filler is that particle diameter is the zeolite of 4~8mm, or Wingdale, or the mixture of zeolite and Wingdale, and the mixed volume ratio of described zeolite and Wingdale is 4: 1~1: 4.
A kind of working method of double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization may further comprise the steps:
Step a. sewage enters pond intravital upper strata wetland and lower floor's wetland by the water inlet water distribution system;
Step b. enters lower floor's wetland after entering the effects such as mineral filler absorption, microbiological deterioration and plant absorbing of sewage in the wetland of upper strata in the wetland of upper strata, and mixes water filling with mixed formation of sewage that enters in lower floor's wetland;
The Degradation of the microorganism of apposition growth finally enters the water collection pipe that of lower floor wetland bottom on the biologic packing material of step c mixing water filling through placing lower floor's wetland, and water collection system discharge pond is external by going out.
To enter the flooding velocity ratio of upper strata wetland and lower floor's wetland be 20: 1~1: 1 to sewage among the described step a.。
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
A. wetland upper strata mineral filler employing particle diameter is the zeolite of 4~8mm, or Wingdale, or zeolite and Wingdale mixture, particle diameter is appropriate, increased pollutant load nearly 50% with respect to traditional artificial swamp method, be difficult for simultaneously stopping up, owing to adopt two-layer vertical current constructed wetland up and down, its floor space reduces about 50%;
B. the nitrogen phosphorus nutrition element of mineral filler such as zeolite and Wingdale absorption can obtain bio-regeneration by microbiological deterioration and plant absorbing, can not cause secondary pollution because of the displacement filler;
C. the bio-carrier of lower floor's wetland filling is easy to attached growth of microorganisms, has strengthened denitrification, has improved the denitrification effect of wetland;
D. the upper strata water distributor utilizes the physical features drop to carry out drop oxygenation, and collaborative plant reoxygenation jointly for upper strata wetland nitrification provides sufficient dissolved oxygen, thereby does not have energy consumption, has saved working cost;
E. lower floor's water distribution system is introduced the shallow bid water inlet for lower floor's wetland, is the denitrification denitrogenation supplementary carbon source that carries out in lower floor's wetland;
F. total system also have do not produce excess sludge, technical process is simple, Operation and Maintenance is easy, plant has ornamental value and advantage such as economic worth.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is further described:
Fig. 1 is the double-layer artificial wetland system synoptic diagram of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional side view of Fig. 1 system.
Among the figure:
I. upper strata wetland II. lower floor wetland
1. pond body 2. water inlet manifolds 3. flowrate control valves
4. upper strata water distributor 5. lower floor's water distributors 6. sawtooth overflow cloth tanks
7. go out water collection pipe 8. outfall sewers 9. blow-off valves
10.U shape is managed 11. upflow tubes, 12. thin pebbless
12 ' thick pebbles 13. biologic packing materials 14. mineral fillers
15. plant 16. straight tubes 17. cloth sink covers.
Embodiment
See figures.1.and.2
The invention provides a kind of double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization, its structure as shown in Figure 1, comprise the upper strata wetland I that places pond body 1 inside, the wetland II of lower floor, for upper strata wetland I and the wetland II of lower floor provide the water inlet water distribution system of water into and go out water collection system, the described water collection pipe 7 that goes out that goes out water collection system places the wetland II of lower floor bottom, fill among the wetland I of upper strata to remove suspended substance, organism, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus are main purpose mineral filler 14, and filling with to remove total nitrogen among the wetland II of lower floor is the biologic packing material that is beneficial to attached growth of microorganisms 13 of main purpose.Its at the middle and upper levels the mineral filler 14 in the wetland be the mixture of Wingdale and zeolite, its particle diameter is 4~8mm, the mixed volume ratio is 4: 1~1: 4, loading height is 350~800mm; It is spherical that biologic packing material 13 among the wetland II of lower floor is multiaspect, and its diameter is 25~50mm, and specific surface area is at 460~236m
2/ m
3Between, voidage is about 90%, heap heavily is 96~76kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength 〉=6.0N/mm, loading highly is 250~500mm, the filling aspect ratio of upper strata mineral filler 14 and lower floor's biologic packing material 13 is 4: 1~1: 2.Biologic packing material 13 materials can adopt polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), Reinforced Polypropylene (RPP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) and polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) (PVDF) etc., the purpose of filled biomass filler 13 is quantity and the activity that increase wetland lower floor denitrifying bacteria, intensified anti-nitrated denitrogenation.
Water-distributing device among upper strata wetland I and the wetland II of lower floor all adopts the perforation water distributor to carry out water distribution, its at the middle and upper levels wetland I also can adopt other drop oxygenation device water distribution, the aperture that keeps at a certain distance away is all arranged at the top of water-distributing device is the aperture of 5~10mm, upper strata water distributor 4 is arranged in the top of upper strata wetland I, apart from upper strata wetland I liquid level 0.2~1.5m; Be filled with on the interface of upper strata wetland I and the wetland II of lower floor thin pebbles 12 and thick pebbles 12 ', lower floor's water distribution system is positioned at thin pebbles 12 and thick pebbles 12 ' centre, wherein the top of lower floor's water distribution system is coated with the thin pebbles 12 that particle diameter is 6~25mm, the loading height of thin pebbles 12 is 80~200mm, its underpart is thick pebbles 12 ' support of 10~35mm by particle diameter, and its loading height is 80~200mm.Lower floor's water distribution system comprises lower floor's water distributor 5, sawtooth overflow cloth tank 6 and the cloth sink cover 17 that has perforation, and wherein lower floor's water distributor 5 places in the sawtooth overflow cloth tank 6, can prevent that the aperture on lower floor's water distributor 5 from being stopped up by the peripheral particle thing.Be connected by straight tube 16 between upper strata water distributor 4 and the lower floor's water distributor 5, its intersection is equipped with flowrate control valve 3, and the flooding velocity ratio of controlling upper strata wetland and lower floor's wetland by flowrate control valve 3 is 20: 1~1: 1.
The wetland II of lower floor bottom be filled with the thick pebbles 12 of support biologic packing material ', thick pebbles 12 ' particle diameter is 10~35mm, loading height is 70~150mm.Go out water collection system and comprise the U-shaped pipe 10 that goes out water collection pipe 7, outfall sewer 8 and control upper strata wetland liquid level that has the prosopyle, go out water collection pipe 7 and be perforated pipe, it is the aperture of 10~20mm that there is staggered aperture its both sides, place thick pebbles 12 ' the centre, the bottom of outfall sewer 8 is provided with blow-off valve 9, water after wetland is handled finally goes out water collection pipe 7 by the bottom to be collected, and imports outfall sewer 8, and by 10 dischargings of water outlet U-shaped pipe.As Special Circumstances, intrasystem sewage can directly pass through blow-off valve 9 whole emptyings.Wherein, the wetland water level inside can more than the filling surface or below, follow the principle of " spring is shallow, the summer is dark, Qiu Luogan ", concrete water level can be controlled by the height of regulating water outlet U-shaped pipe 10.
Upper strata wetland I is provided with upflow tube 11 on pond body 1 pool wall of Chi Ding a distance, undesired and cause stopping up as system operation, sewage can overflow by upflow tube 11, in order to avoid sewage overflows the pollution surrounding environment from system's upper limb.
Upper strata wetland I is a main purpose to remove suspended substance, organism, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus, and also plantation has plant 15 in the wetland I of upper strata.The adsorbable phosphorus element of mineral filler Wingdale wherein, zeolite adsorption ammonia nitrogen, both different characterization of adsorptions have been made full use of, the nitrogen, the phosphorus nutrition element that are adsorbed onto on the filler can be removed from wetland by microbiological deterioration and plant absorbing effect, thereby realize the bio-regeneration of filler, avoided changing the investment cost of filler and the secondary pollution problem that may bring.The plant 15 of plantation can be plant planktons such as emergents such as reed, cattail, or duckweed, or ornamental flower etc., specifically needing can be according to local climate and the suitable floristics of environmental selection.
The invention provides a kind of double-layer artificial wetland system and working method thereof of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization, mainly may further comprise the steps:
Step a. sewage enters upper strata wetland I and the wetland II of lower floor in the pond body 1 by the water inlet water distribution system, wherein to enter the flooding velocity ratio of upper strata wetland I and the wetland II of lower floor be 20: 1~1: 1 to sewage, the upper strata water inlet enters upper strata wetland I after upper strata water distributor 4 carries out drop oxygenation, collaborative plant reoxygenation, provide sufficient dissolved oxygen for the organic removal of upper strata wetland I and nitrification jointly, lower floor's water inlet is mainly the wetland II of lower floor denitrification denitrogenation supplementary carbon source;
Step b. enters the wetland II of lower floor after entering the effects such as mineral filler 14 absorption, microbiological deterioration and plant absorbing of sewage in the wetland I of upper strata among the wetland I of upper strata, and mixes water filling with mixed formation of sewage that enters among the wetland II of lower floor;
After the Degradation that step c is mixed the microorganism of apposition growth on the biologic packing material 13 of water filling in the wetland II of lower floor was handled, what finally enter the wetland II of lower floor bottom went out water collection pipe 7, discharges by going out water collection system.
Apply the present invention to the processing of certain village sanitary sewage, the design flooding velocity is 10m
3/ d, sewage quality is: SS:20~40mg/L, COD:100~200mg/L, BOD
5: 50~100mg/L, NH
3-N:15~40mg/L, TN:25~50mg/L, TP:2.0~5.0mg/L.
Sewage at first flows into wet land system water inlet manifold 2, by flowrate control valve 3, is assigned to upper strata water distributor 4 and lower floor's water distributor 5 in 3: 1 ratios again.The upper strata water inlet evenly drops to wetland I upper strata, upper strata by the at interval uniform aperture of upper strata water distributor 4 upper tops, sewage through drop oxygenation vertically infiltrates upper strata Wingdale and zeolite fill area, the residence time is 2d, by effects such as filling adsorption, microbiological deterioration and plant absorbing, effectively remove pollutents such as suspended substance, organism, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus.Lower floor water inlet is overflowed through lower floor's sawtooth overflow cloth tank 6 by lower floor's water distributor 5 through straight tube 16, with after the upper strata water outlet mixes, evenly flows into lower floor's biologic packing material 13 districts at middle level pebbles fill area, is 1d the wetland II residence time in lower floor, mainly removes nitric nitrogen.The final back water of handling goes out water collection pipe 7 collections and imports outfall sewer 8 through the wetland II of lower floor bottom, discharge behind water outlet U-shaped pipe 10.
Wetland water level inside 0~100mm more than filling surface in spring in the operational process, summer is 100~200mm more than filling surface, and winter is 50~100mm below filling surface, and its water level is highly regulated by adjusting water outlet U-shaped pipe 10; Device operation is normal in the entire treatment process, and no latch up phenomenon does not need the situation of emptying.
Result shows: during steady running, effluent quality is as follows: SS:5~10mg/L, COD:25~60mg/L, BOD5:5~20mg/L, NH
3-N:5~15mg/L, TN:8~20mg/L, TP:0.5~1.0mg/L, pH:6~9, turbidity is stabilized in below the 5NUT, and effluent quality reaches " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " (GB18918-2002) one-level B standard.
The above only is one embodiment of the present of invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the double-layer artificial wetland system of a strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization, it is characterized in that: comprise the upper strata wetland (I) that places pond body (1) inner, lower floor's wetland (II), for upper strata wetland (I) and lower floor's wetland (II) provide the water inlet water distribution system of water into and go out water collection system, the described water collection pipe (7) that goes out that goes out water collection system places bottom lower floor's wetland (II).
2. the double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: fill the biologic packing material (13) that is beneficial to attached growth of microorganisms in the filling mineral filler (14) in the described upper strata wetland (I), described lower floor wetland (II).
3. the double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described water inlet water distribution system comprises the upper strata water distributor (4) that has perforation that places upper strata wetland (I) top and places upper strata wetland (I) and lower floor's water distribution system of lower floor's wetland (II) interface; Described upper strata water distributor (4) and lower floor's water distribution system are connected by straight tube (16), and its intersection is provided with flowrate control valve (3).
4. the double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: be filled with pebbles between the mineral filler (14) of described upper strata wetland (I) and the biologic packing material (13) of lower floor's wetland (II), described lower floor water-distributing device places between the described pebbles.
5. the double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described lower floor water distribution system comprises lower floor's water distributor (5), the sawtooth overflow cloth tank (6) that has perforation and places the cloth sink cover (17) of overflow cloth tank (6) top that described lower floor water distributor (5) places in the described overflow cloth tank (6).
6. the double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: describedly go out water collection system and comprise the U-shaped pipe (10) that goes out water collection pipe (7), outfall sewer (8) and control upper strata wetland liquid level that has the prosopyle, described outfall sewer (8) bottom is provided with blow-off valve (9).
7. according to the double-layer artificial wetland system of the described strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization of the arbitrary claim of claim 1~6, it is characterized in that: mineral filler (14) in the described upper strata wetland (I) and biologic packing material (13) aspect ratio in lower floor's wetland (II) are 4: 1~1: 2, described biologic packing material (13) below is filled with thick pebbles (12 '), and the described water collection pipe (7) that goes out that goes out water collection system places in the middle of the described thick pebbles (12 ').
8. the double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described biologic packing material (13) is the many-sided ball of diameter 25~50mm, and its material is one or more in polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), Reinforced Polypropylene (RPP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) and the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) (PVDF).
9. the double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: described mineral filler (14) is zeolite or the Wingdale of 4~8mm for particle diameter, or the mixture of Wingdale and zeolite.
10. the working method of the double-layer artificial wetland system of a strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization is characterized in that: said method comprising the steps of:
Step a. sewage enters pond body (1) interior upper strata wetland (I) and lower floor's wetland (II) by the water inlet water distribution system, and the flooding velocity ratio that sewage enters upper strata wetland (I) and lower floor's wetland (II) is 20: 1~1: 1;
Step b. enters lower floor's wetland (II) after entering the effects such as mineral filler (14) absorption, microbiological deterioration and plant absorbing of sewage in the wetland of upper strata in the upper strata wetland (I), and mixes water filling with mixed formation of sewage that enters in lower floor's wetland (II);
Step c is mixed the biologic packing material (13) of water filling through placing lower floor's wetland (II), after the Degradation through adhering to the microorganism of growth on it is handled, finally enters the water collection pipe that of lower floor's wetland (II) bottom, discharges by going out water collection system.
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2009
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