CN101792228B - Double-layer artificial wetland system for strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Double-layer artificial wetland system for strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN101792228B CN101792228B CN2009102442424A CN200910244242A CN101792228B CN 101792228 B CN101792228 B CN 101792228B CN 2009102442424 A CN2009102442424 A CN 2009102442424A CN 200910244242 A CN200910244242 A CN 200910244242A CN 101792228 B CN101792228 B CN 101792228B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-layer artificial wetland system for strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization and an operation method thereof. The system comprises an upper layer of wetland, a lower layer of wetland, a water inlet and distribution system and an effluent collection system, wherein the upper layer of the wetland is filled with mineral filler, and the lower layer of the wetland is filled with biologic filler which is favorable for microorganisms to adhere to grow; the water inlet and distribution system is divided into to two branches, wherein one branch is distributed above the upper layer of the wetland, and the other branch is distributed on the interface of the upper layer of the wetland and the lower layer of the wetland; and the effluent collection system is distributed on the bottom of the lower layer of the wetland. The method comprises: waterfall aeration is carried out on sewage by one branch of the distribution system, then the sewage falls into the upper layer of the wetland to remove organic matters, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus and the like to vertically seep into the lower layer of the wetland; in order to supplement a carbon source, a small strand of sewage is introduced into the lower layer of the wetland by the other branch of the distribution system to be mixed with the sewage seeped from the upper layer of the wetland for denitrification; and water is discharged from the effluent collection device after being processed. The invention occupies small area, has small possibility of being blocked and has favorable denitrification and dephosphorization effects and low investment operation cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of sewage, be specifically related to a kind of double-layer artificial wetland system and working method thereof of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization, the method for mainly utilizing artificial swamp to dispose of sewage reaches the purpose of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization.
Background technology
Polluted water land is handled artificial wetland technology, and (Constructed Wetlands CWs) has become a kind of water pollution control technology of World Focusing.Artificial swamp public reported the earliest but formally as a kind of sewage disposal technology, then rose countries such as U.S. the seventies, Australia, Holland, Denmark, Britain in 1904, and it develops rapidly and then is recent two decades.In recent years, the artificial swamp research that is applied to handle domestic sewage of villages and small towns, control widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area and rivers and lakes eutrophication appears in the newspapers repeatly.
Yet deficiencies such as conventional artificial wetland pollutant load is low, floor space big, be prone to stop up, oxygen supply is not enough, the denitrogenation dephosphorizing effect is undesirable have restricted the tempo and the application scale of artificial swamp.
Not enough to the artificial marsh sewage treatment system oxygen supply; Present research mainly concentrates on the following aspects: the strong plant of (1) screening reoxygenation ability; But wastewater treatment efficiency higher to concentration, that load is big is not obvious, can not solve the seasonal difference of plant reoxygenation; (2) increase artificial swamp processing unit flow process or reduction load; (3) increase pre-treatment, as before the soil is handled, increase nitrated section or to sewage preaeration to improve the dissolved oxygen of intaking etc.; (4) combine artificial aeration's technology in the artificial marsh sewage treatment system, replenish the inner dissolved oxygen of wetland, this method can improve plant do not grow up to before when winter, the plant effect weakened the treatment effect of land system, but increased energy consumption and working cost; (5) water pump lifting or utilize the physical features drop to carry out drop oxygenation.
To the characteristics of artificial marsh sewage treatment system denitrification weak effect, present research mainly concentrates on the following aspects: (1) segmental influent, with former water as carbon source; (2) increase return-flow system, with the part effluent recycling; (3) control condition is in inner aerobic zone and the oxygen-starved area of forming of medium.
Not good to the artificial swamp phosphor-removing effect, present research mainly concentrates on the following aspects: chemical methods such as (1) employing flocculation sediment carry out pre-treatment to sewage; (2) in artificial swamp, increase filler to the plain high adsorption capacity of phosphorus; (3) connect land percolation even depth processing unit after, the phosphorus that absorption is removed in the artificial wetland effluent is plain.
Had following problem in the research of artificial swamp and the application process in the past: with soil or fine sand be master's wetland be prone to stop up and pollutant load low; There is the insufficient problem of oxygen supply in the simple plant reoxygenation that relies on, the ammonia nitrogen removal weak effect, and take the artificial aeration to increase energy consumption and working cost; Wetland back segment carbon source deficiency causes the denitrification denitrogenation effect undesirable; Introduce and mainly rely on the adsorption dephosphorization like efficient dephosphorization fillers such as slag, slag, silica sands; The physico-chemical property of filler itself possibly brought negative impact to the growth of wetland plant on the one hand; The displacement of adsorbing saturated back filler on the other hand causes the increase of cost of investment, and the treatment and disposal of adsorbing saturated back filler has the potential secondary pollution problems.
Summary of the invention
One of the object of the invention provides the double-layer artificial wetland system that a kind of floor space is few, be difficult for obstruction, good denitrogenation and dephosphorization effect, strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization that investment running cost is low; Adopt double-deck vertical current constructed wetland system, for the villages and small towns scattering sewage treatment provides a valid approach.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of working method of double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization.
For realizing the foregoing invention purpose, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization; Comprise the upper strata wetland that places the pond body inner, lower floor's wetland, the water inlet water distribution system of water into be provided and go out water collection system for upper strata wetland and lower floor's wetland; The described water collection pipe that goes out that goes out water collection system places lower floor wetland bottom; Filling with to remove suspended substance, organism, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus in the wetland of said upper strata is the mineral filler of main purpose, and filling with to remove total nitrogen in the said lower floor wetland is the biologic packing material that is beneficial to attached growth of microorganisms of main purpose.
The pond body of the top of said upper strata wetland is provided with upflow tube, and plantation has plant in the wetland of upper strata.
Said water inlet water distribution system comprises the upper strata water distributor that has perforation and the lower floor's water distribution system that places upper strata wetland and lower floor's wetland interface that places wetland top, upper strata; Said upper strata water distributor and lower floor's water distribution system are connected through straight tube, and its intersection is provided with flowrate control valve.
Be filled with thick pebbles and thin pebbles between the mineral filler of said upper strata wetland and the biologic packing material of lower floor's wetland, said lower floor water distribution system places between said thick pebbles and the thin pebbles.
Said lower floor water distribution system comprises lower floor's water distributor, the sawtooth overflow cloth tank that has perforation and places the cloth sink cover of overflow cloth tank top that said lower floor water distributor places in the said overflow cloth tank.
Said biologic packing material below is filled with thick pebbles, and the said water collection pipe that goes out that goes out water collection system places in the middle of the thick pebbles.
Saidly go out water collection system and comprise the U-shaped pipe that goes out water collection pipe, outfall sewer and control upper strata wetland liquid level that has the prosopyle, said outfall sewer bottom is provided with blow-off valve.
Mineral filler and the biologic packing material aspect ratio in lower floor's wetland in the wetland of described upper strata are 4: 1～1: 2.
Said biologic packing material is the many-sided ball of diameter 25～50mm; Its material is one or more in Vilaterm (PE), Vestolen PP 7052 (PP), RPP (RPP), SE (PVC), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) and the pvdf (PVDF), and it is spherical that said biologic packing material is multiaspect.
Said mineral filler is that particle diameter is the zeolite of 4～8mm, or Wingdale, or the mixture of zeolite and Wingdale, and the mixed volume ratio of said zeolite and Wingdale is 4: 1～1: 4.
A kind of working method of double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization may further comprise the steps:
Step a. sewage gets into pond intravital upper strata wetland and lower floor's wetland through the water inlet water distribution system;
Entering lower floor wetland after mineral filler absorption, microbiological deterioration and the plant absorbing of sewage in the wetland of upper strata in the wetland of step b. entering upper strata etc. acts on, and the sewage that gets into together in lower floor's wetland mixes formation mixing water filling;
The Degradation of step c mixing water filling mikrobe of apposition growth on the biologic packing material that places lower floor's wetland finally gets into the water collection pipe that of lower floor wetland bottom, and water collection system discharge pond is external by going out.
The flooding velocity ratio of sewage entering upper strata wetland and lower floor's wetland is 20: 1～1: 1 among the said step a.。
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
A. wetland upper strata mineral filler employing particle diameter is the zeolite of 4～8mm; Or Wingdale, or zeolite and Wingdale mixture, particle diameter is appropriate; Increased pollutant load nearly 50% with respect to conventional artificial wetland method; Be difficult for simultaneously stopping up, owing to adopt two-layer vertical current constructed wetland up and down, its floor space reduces about 50%;
B. the nitrogen phosphorus nutrition element of mineral filler such as zeolite and Wingdale absorption can obtain bio-regeneration through microbiological deterioration and plant absorbing, can not cause secondary pollution because of the displacement filler;
C. the bio-carrier of lower floor's wetland filling is easy to attached growth of microorganisms, has strengthened denitrification, has improved the denitrification effect of wetland;
D. the upper strata water distributor utilizes the physical features drop to carry out drop oxygenation, and collaborative plant reoxygenation provides sufficient dissolved oxygen for upper strata wetland nitrification jointly, thereby do not have energy consumption, has saved working cost;
E. lower floor's water distribution system is introduced the shallow bid water inlet for lower floor's wetland, is the denitrification denitrogenation supplementary carbon source that carries out in lower floor's wetland;
F. total system also have do not produce excess sludge, technical process is simple, Operation and Maintenance is easy, plant has ornamental value and advantage such as economic worth.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is further described:
Fig. 1 is the double-layer artificial wetland system synoptic diagram of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional side view of Fig. 1 system.
Among the figure:
I. upper strata wetland II. lower floor wetland
1. pond body 2. water inlet manifolds 3. flowrate control valves
4. upper strata water distributor 5. lower floor's water distributors 6. sawtooth overflow cloth tanks
7. go out water collection pipe 8. outfall sewers 9. blow-off valves
10.U shape is managed 11. upflow tubes, 12. thin pebbless
12 ' thick pebbles 13. biologic packing materials 14. mineral fillers
15. plant 16. straight tubes 17. cloth sink covers.
Embodiment
See figures.1.and.2
The invention provides a kind of double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization; Its structure is as shown in Figure 1; Comprise the upper strata wetland I that places pond body 1 inner, the wetland II of lower floor, the water inlet water distribution system of water into be provided and go out water collection system for upper strata wetland I and the wetland II of lower floor; The described water collection pipe 7 that goes out that goes out water collection system places the wetland II of lower floor bottom; Filling with to remove suspended substance, organism, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus among the wetland I of upper strata is main purpose mineral filler 14, and filling with to remove total nitrogen among the wetland II of lower floor is the biologic packing material that is beneficial to attached growth of microorganisms 13 of main purpose.Its at the middle and upper levels the mineral filler 14 in the wetland be the mixture of Wingdale and zeolite, its particle diameter is 4～8mm, the mixed volume ratio is 4: 1～1: 4, loading height is 350～800mm; It is spherical that biologic packing material 13 among the wetland II of lower floor is multiaspect, and its diameter is 25～50mm, and specific surface area is at 460～236m
2/ m
3Between, voidage is about 90%, heap heavily is 96～76kg/m
3, ultimate compression strength>=6.0N/mm, loading highly is 250～500mm, the filling aspect ratio of upper strata mineral filler 14 and lower floor's biologic packing material 13 is 4: 1～1: 2.Biologic packing material 13 materials can adopt Vilaterm (PE); Vestolen PP 7052 (PP); RPP (RPP), SE (PVC), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) and pvdf (PVDF) etc.; The purpose of filled biomass filler 13 is quantity and the activity that increase wetland lower floor denitrifying bacteria, intensified anti-nitrated denitrogenation.
Water-distributing device among upper strata wetland I and the wetland II of lower floor all adopts the perforation water distributor to carry out water distribution; Its at the middle and upper levels wetland I also can adopt other drop oxygenation device water distribution; The aperture that keeps at a certain distance away is all arranged at the top of water-distributing device is the aperture of 5～10mm; Upper strata water distributor 4 is arranged in the top of upper strata wetland I, wetland I liquid level 0.2～1.5m apart from the upper strata; Be filled with on the interface of upper strata wetland I and the wetland II of lower floor thin pebbles 12 and thick pebbles 12 '; Lower floor's water distribution system is positioned at thin pebbles 12 and thick pebbles 12 ' centre; Wherein the top of lower floor's water distribution system is coated with the thin pebbles 12 that particle diameter is 6～25mm; The loading height of thin pebbles 12 is 80～200mm, and its underpart is thick pebbles 12 ' support of 10～35mm by particle diameter, and its loading height is 80～200mm.Lower floor's water distribution system comprises lower floor's water distributor 5, sawtooth overflow cloth tank 6 and the cloth sink cover 17 that has perforation, and wherein lower floor's water distributor 5 places in the sawtooth overflow cloth tank 6, can prevent that the aperture on lower floor's water distributor 5 from being stopped up by the peripheral particle thing.Be connected through straight tube 16 between upper strata water distributor 4 and the lower floor's water distributor 5, its intersection is equipped with flowrate control valve 3, and the flooding velocity ratio of controlling upper strata wetland and lower floor's wetland through flowrate control valve 3 is 20: 1～1: 1.
The wetland II of lower floor bottom be filled with the thick pebbles 12 of support biologic packing material ', thick pebbles 12 ' particle diameter is 10～35mm, loading height is 70～150mm.Go out water collection system and comprise the U-shaped pipe 10 that goes out water collection pipe 7, outfall sewer 8 and control upper strata wetland liquid level that has the prosopyle; Go out water collection pipe 7 and be perforated pipe, it is the aperture of 10～20mm that there is staggered aperture its both sides, place thick pebbles 12 ' the centre; The bottom of outfall sewer 8 is provided with blow-off valve 9; Water after wetland is handled finally goes out water collection pipe 7 by the bottom to be collected, and imports outfall sewer 8, and through 10 dischargings of water outlet U-shaped pipe.Like Special Circumstances, intrasystem sewage can directly pass through blow-off valve 9 whole emptyings.Wherein, the wetland water level inside can more than the filling surface or below, follow the principle of " spring is shallow, the summer is dark, Qiu Luogan ", concrete water level can be controlled through the height of regulating water outlet U-shaped pipe 10.
Upper strata wetland I is provided with upflow tube 11 on pond body 1 pool wall of Chi Ding a distance, undesired and cause stopping up like system operation, sewage can overflow through upflow tube 11, in order to avoid sewage overflows the pollution surrounding environment from system's upper limb.
Upper strata wetland I is a main purpose to remove suspended substance, organism, ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus, and also plantation has plant 15 in the wetland I of upper strata.Plain, the zeolite adsorption ammonia nitrogen of the adsorbable phosphorus of mineral filler Wingdale wherein; Both different adsorption characteristics have been made full use of; The nitrogen, the phosphorus nutrition element that are adsorbed onto on the filler can be removed from wetland through microbiological deterioration and plant absorbing effect; Thereby realize the bio-regeneration of filler, avoided changing the investment cost of filler and the secondary pollution problem that possibly bring.The plant 15 of plantation can be plant planktons such as emergents such as reed, cattail, or duckweed, or ornamental flower etc., specifically needing can be according to local climate and the suitable floristics of environmental selection.
The present invention provides a kind of double-layer artificial wetland system and working method thereof of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization, mainly may further comprise the steps:
Step a. sewage gets into upper strata wetland I and the wetland II of lower floor in the pond body 1 through the water inlet water distribution system; Wherein the flooding velocity ratio of sewage entering upper strata wetland I and the wetland II of lower floor is 20: 1～1: 1; The upper strata water inlet gets into upper strata wetland I after upper strata water distributor 4 carries out drop oxygenation; Collaborative plant reoxygenation, jointly for organic removal of upper strata wetland I and nitrification provide sufficient dissolved oxygen, lower floor's water inlet is mainly the wetland II of lower floor denitrification denitrogenation supplementary carbon source;
The entering wetland II of lower floor after mineral filler 14 absorption, microbiological deterioration and the plant absorbing of sewage in the wetland I of upper strata among the step b. entering upper strata wetland I etc. acts on, and the sewage that gets into together among the wetland II of lower floor mixes formation mixing water filling;
After the Degradation that step c is mixed the mikrobe of apposition growth on the biologic packing material 13 of water filling in the wetland II of lower floor was handled, what finally get into the wetland II of lower floor bottom went out water collection pipe 7, discharges by going out water collection system.
Apply the present invention to the processing of certain village sewage, the design flooding velocity is 10m
3/ d, sewage quality is: SS:20～40mg/L, COD:100～200mg/L, BOD
5: 50～100mg/L, NH
3-N:15～40mg/L, TN:25～50mg/L, TP:2.0～5.0mg/L.
Sewage at first flows into wet land system water inlet manifold 2, again through flowrate control valve 3, is assigned to upper strata water distributor 4 and lower floor's water distributor 5 in 3: 1 ratios.The upper strata water inlet evenly drops to wetland I upper strata, upper strata through the at interval uniform aperture of upper strata water distributor 4 upper tops; Sewage through drop oxygenation vertically infiltrates upper strata Wingdale and zeolite fill area; The residence time is 2d; Through effects such as filling adsorption, microbiological deterioration and plant absorbing, effectively remove pollutents such as suspended substance, organism, ammonia nitrogen, phosphorus.Lower floor water inlet is overflowed through lower floor's sawtooth overflow cloth tank 6 by lower floor's water distributor 5 through straight tube 16, with after the upper strata water outlet mixes, evenly flows into lower floor's biologic packing material 13 districts at middle level pebbles fill area, is 1d the wetland II residence time in lower floor, mainly removes nitric nitrogen.The final back water of handling goes out water collection pipe 7 collections and imports outfall sewer 8 through the wetland II of lower floor bottom, behind water outlet U-shaped pipe 10, discharge.
Wetland water level inside 0～100mm more than filling surface in spring in the operational process, summer is 100～200mm more than filling surface, and winter is 50～100mm below filling surface, and its water level is highly regulated through adjustment water outlet U-shaped pipe 10; Device operation is normal in the entire treatment process, and no latch up phenomenon does not need the situation of emptying.
Result shows: during steady running, effluent quality is following: SS:5～10mg/L, COD:25～60mg/L, BOD5:5～20mg/L, NH
3-N:5～15mg/L, TN:8～20mg/L, TP:0.5～1.0mg/L, pH:6～9, turbidity is stabilized in below the 5NUT, and effluent quality reaches " urban wastewater treatment firm pollutant emission standard " (GB18918-2002) one-level B standard.
The above is merely one embodiment of the present of invention, and is in order to restriction the present invention, not all within spirit of the present invention and principle, any modification of being done, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the double-layer artificial wetland system of a strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization is characterized in that: comprise the upper strata wetland (I) that places pond body (1) inner, lower floor's wetland (II), the water inlet water distribution system of water into be provided and go out water collection system for upper strata wetland (I) and lower floor's wetland (II);
Fill the biologic packing material (13) that is beneficial to attached growth of microorganisms in the filling mineral filler (14) in the said upper strata wetland (I), lower floor's wetland (II), be filled with pebbles between the mineral filler (14) of upper strata wetland (I) and the biologic packing material (13) of lower floor's wetland (II);
Mineral filler (14) in the described upper strata wetland (I) and biologic packing material (13) aspect ratio in lower floor's wetland (II) are 4: 1～1: 2, and biologic packing material (13) below is filled with thick pebbles (12 ');
Said mineral filler (14) is zeolite or the Wingdale of 4～8mm for particle diameter, or the mixture of Wingdale and zeolite;
Said biologic packing material (13) is the many-sided ball of diameter 25～50mm, and its material is one or more in Vilaterm (PE), Vestolen PP 7052 (PP), RPP (RPP), SE (PVC), chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) and the pvdf (PVDF);
Said water inlet water distribution system comprises the upper strata water distributor (4) that has perforation that places upper strata wetland (I) top and places upper strata wetland (I) and lower floor's water distribution system of lower floor's wetland (II) interface; Upper strata water distributor (4) and lower floor's water distribution system are connected through straight tube (16); Its intersection is provided with flowrate control valve (3); Lower floor's water distribution system comprises lower floor's water distributor (5), the sawtooth overflow cloth tank (6) that has perforation and places the cloth sink cover (17) of overflow cloth tank (6) top; Lower floor's water distributor (5) places in the said overflow cloth tank (6), and lower floor's water distribution system places between the pebbles;
Saidly go out water collection system and comprise the U-shaped pipe (10) that goes out water collection pipe (7), outfall sewer (8) and control upper strata wetland liquid level that has the prosopyle; Outfall sewer (8) bottom is provided with blow-off valve (9), goes out water collection pipe (7) and places the thick pebbles (12 ') of lower floor's wetland (II) bottom middle.
2. the double-layer artificial wetland system of strengthening sewage denitrification and dephosphorization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the working method of said artificial wet land system may further comprise the steps:
Step a. sewage gets into pond body (1) interior upper strata wetland (I) and lower floor's wetland (II) through the water inlet water distribution system, and the flooding velocity ratio that sewage gets into upper strata wetland (I) and lower floor's wetland (II) is 20: 1～1: 1;
Step b. gets into lower floor's wetland (II) after getting into mineral filler (14) absorption, microbiological deterioration and the plant absorbing effect of sewage in the wetland of upper strata in the upper strata wetland (I), and mixes water filling with mixed formation of sewage that gets in lower floor's wetland (II);
Step c is mixed the biologic packing material (13) of water filling through placing lower floor's wetland (II), after the Degradation of adhering to the mikrobe of growth on it is handled, finally gets into the water collection pipe that of lower floor's wetland (II) bottom, discharges by going out water collection system.
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