CN114306388A - Deer fetus freeze-dried decoction pieces and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Deer fetus freeze-dried decoction pieces and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deer fetus freeze-dried decoction piece and a preparation method thereof, relating to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines and comprising the following steps: cleaning fresh embryo Cervi and placenta Cervi, removing impurities, and cutting into pieces; adding a mixed solution consisting of ferric sulfate and copper chloride, and soaking for 5-10 min; adding deer fetus into a sodium bicarbonate solution, and soaking for 5-10 min; taking out deer fetus, adding the deer fetus into NaOH solution, and soaking for 1-5 min; taking out, washing with water, and soaking embryo cervi in a soaking solution for 5-10 min, wherein the soaking solution is prepared from tea leaves, ginkgo leaves, onions, garlic, honeysuckle, phytic acid, water-soluble chitosan and water; and (3) freeze-drying the deer fetus until the water content is 1-5%, thus obtaining the deer fetus freeze-dried decoction pieces. The invention has the advantages that fishy smell substances of the deer fetus can be removed, the deer fetus has specific antioxidation, bacteriostasis and sterilization functions, the deer fetus is protected to prevent oxidation and discoloration of the deer fetus, so that the product quality is reduced, the quality guarantee period of the deer fetus can be prolonged, and the reduction of the product quality caused by microorganism activity is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines, in particular to deer fetus freeze-dried decoction pieces and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The deer fetus refers to fetus with placenta and fetal water in mother deer abdomen, or young deer with intact body surface hair, empty stomach and internal organs, but abortion caused by mechanical reasons or the like, or death caused by hypogalactia, breast refusal of mother deer, and pernicia. The pharmacological action of deer fetus is recorded in Ben Cao gang mu, which says that it has the effects of benefiting kidney yang and tonifying essence and blood. The placenta has the function of enhancing immunity and immunity in immunology. Modern biological and medical research proves that the placenta contains various biological active substances such as immune globulin, active peptide, hormone and the like, and components such as amino acid, mineral substances and the like, and is an ideal immunomodulator and a nutritional beauty health-care product.
At present, systematic and deep research is not available for the fine and deep processing of deer fetus at home and abroad, the prior art generally adopts the traditional high-temperature boiling and heating, baking and drying technology or the boiling of deer fetus paste, the processing method of the high-temperature boiling can cause a great amount of effective components in the deer fetus to be damaged and lost, the nutritional value is greatly reduced, and particularly, the active substances in the deer fetus are almost completely inactivated. For example, chinese patent CN101836737B discloses a method for preparing lyophilized powder of deer fetus by ultrasonic lysis, which utilizes ultrasonic technology to cause water molecules to explode, thereby breaking the surrounding solid matter, so that the broken matter can reach the first-stage cell breaking to break cell membrane, fully release the active substances in the cell, convert macromolecular protein into small molecular polypeptide which can be absorbed by human body, break the cell membrane wall in deer fetus tissue, rapidly and fully release the nutrients in the cell, such as various amino acids, progesterone, estrone sulfuric acid, and then drying to obtain lyophilized powder of deer fetus. At present, the prior art does not record that the deer fetus is prepared into traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art and provides a deer fetus freeze-dried decoction piece and a preparation method thereof.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a preparation method of a deer fetus freeze-dried decoction piece on the one hand, which comprises the following steps:
s1, taking fresh deer fetus and placenta, cleaning, removing impurities, and cutting into blocks;
s2, adding the blocky deer fetus and placenta obtained in the step S1 into a mixed solution composed of ferric sulfate and copper chloride, and soaking for 5-10 min;
s3, taking the deer fetus and the placenta which are processed in the step S2 out, and then adding the deer fetus and the placenta into a sodium bicarbonate solution to soak for 5-10 min;
s4, taking out the deer fetus and placenta processed in the step S3, and then adding the deer fetus and placenta into NaOH solution to soak for 1-5 min;
s5, taking out the deer fetus and placenta processed in the step S4, washing with water, and then soaking the deer fetus and placenta in a soak solution for 5-10 min, wherein the soak solution is prepared from tea leaves, ginkgo leaves, onions, garlic, honeysuckle flowers, phytic acid, water-soluble chitosan and water;
s6, freeze-drying the deer fetus and the placenta which are processed in the step S5 until the water content is 1-5%, and obtaining the deer fetus freeze-dried decoction pieces.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the soaking solution includes the following components in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of tea, 2-6 parts of ginkgo leaf, 4-8 parts of onion, 4-8 parts of garlic, 3-7 parts of honeysuckle, 1-2 parts of phytic acid, 0.5-1.5 parts of water-soluble chitosan and 200-500 parts of water.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the method for preparing the soak solution includes: adding tea leaves, ginkgo leaves and honeysuckle into water at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, adding ethanol accounting for 3-5% of the total weight of the tea leaves, the ginkgo leaves and the honeysuckle, placing the mixture into a microwave reactor, treating the mixture for 5-15 min under the power of 200-300W, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-20 min under the power of 100-150W, and filtering the mixture to obtain a first mixed solution; adding onion, garlic, phytic acid and water into a wall breaking machine, crushing, and filtering to obtain a mixed solution II; and mixing the mixed solution I, the mixed solution II and the water-soluble chitosan to obtain a soaking solution.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S6, the freeze-drying includes:
s61, pre-freezing the deer fetus for 0.5-1 h at-15 to-20 ℃;
s62, performing vacuum freezing treatment for 3-5 hours at the freezing temperature of-70 to-100 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 100-150 pa, and assisting in microwave treatment with the microwave power of 100-200 w and the microwave treatment time of 1-5 min;
s63, continuing to perform vacuum freeze drying treatment for 1-5 h, wherein the freezing temperature is-30 ℃ to-50 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 50-60 pa.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S62, the microwave treatment is performed 1-4 times, each time with an interval of more than 15 min.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, in the step S2, the concentrations of ferric sulfate and copper chloride in the mixed solution are 2-6 g/L and 1-3 g/L, respectively.
In one embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the concentration of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 4-8 g/L
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the deer fetus freeze-dried decoction pieces prepared by the above method are provided. The deer fetus freeze-dried decoction pieces prepared by the invention are brownish red blocky deer fetus blocks, are different in size, hard in quality, loose and porous, and spongy, and can quickly recover the original properties after being soaked in water.
The invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention can weaken, inhibit and even destroy the action of enzymes such as polyphenol oxidase, lipase and the like in deer fetus tissues by adding the ferric sulfate solution and the copper chloride solution so as to slow down the discoloration and deterioration of deer fetus caused by the action of the enzymes. Then adding baking soda can remove fishy smell of embryo Cervi. And then NaOH solution is added, so that on one hand, the NaOH solution can further destroy the activity of enzyme in deer fetus tissues and remove fishy smell substances of deer fetus, and on the other hand, the NaOH solution can also react with ferric sulfate and copper chloride to remove redundant ferric sulfate and copper chloride. Then adding the deer fetus extract into the soak solution, wherein the soak solution has the functions of antioxidation, bacteriostasis and sterilization, thereby being capable of protecting the deer fetus from oxidative discoloration and reducing the product quality due to the oxidation of the deer fetus, prolonging the quality guarantee period of the deer fetus and reducing the product quality reduction caused by the activity of microorganisms.
2. The deer fetus is dried by the microwave-vacuum freeze drying technology, firstly, the deer fetus is dried under vacuum, and oxygen is little, so that easily oxidized substances in the deer fetus are protected; secondly, low-temperature drying is adopted, so that the heat-sensitive substances are damaged less, part of volatile components in the substances are lost less, and the activity of the substances can be maintained because the growth of low-temperature microorganisms and the action of enzymes cannot be carried out; finally, the microwave treatment is assisted in the freeze drying process, and because the deer fetus is subjected to the auxiliary treatment in the process of being frozen, the treatment time is short, and the nutritional ingredients in the deer fetus cannot be damaged; through multiple microwave treatments, the interior and the surface of the deer fetus are synchronously heated, the temperature distribution is uniform, the nutritional ingredients of the deer fetus can be well kept, the original shape of the deer fetus is kept, and the dried deer fetus is loose, porous and spongy and can quickly recover the original properties after being soaked in water.
3. The soak solution of the invention adopts natural antioxidant and natural preservative, not only has strong oxidation resistance and antibacterial property, but also is safe and nontoxic, and can not damage the nutrient components of the deer fetus.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of embryo cervi freeze-dried decoction pieces comprises the following steps:
s1, taking fresh deer fetus and placenta, cleaning, removing impurities, and cutting into blocks;
s2, adding the blocky deer fetus and placenta obtained in the step S1 into a mixed solution composed of ferric sulfate and copper chloride, and soaking for 5min, wherein the concentrations of the ferric sulfate and the copper chloride in the mixed solution are respectively 2g/L and 3 g/L; the mass of the mixed solution is 2 times of that of the deer fetus;
s3, taking the deer fetus and the placenta which are processed in the step S2 out, and then adding the deer fetus and the placenta into a sodium bicarbonate solution to soak for 5 min; the concentration of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 4 g/L; the mass of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 2 times of that of the deer fetus;
s4, taking out the deer fetus and placenta processed in the step S3, and then adding NaOH solution to soak for 1 min; the concentration of the NaOH solution is 1g/L, and the mass of the NaOH solution is 1 time of that of the deer fetus;
s5, taking out the deer fetus and the placenta processed in the step S4, washing the deer fetus and the placenta with water, and then soaking the deer fetus and the placenta in a soak solution 2 times of the deer fetus for 5min, wherein the soak solution is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of tea, 2 parts of ginkgo leaves, 4 parts of onions, 4 parts of garlic, 3 parts of honeysuckle, 1 part of phytic acid, 0.5 part of water-soluble chitosan and 200 parts of water; the preparation method of the soak solution comprises the following steps: adding folium Camelliae sinensis, folium Ginkgo, and flos Lonicerae into 60 deg.C water, adding 3% ethanol of total weight of folium Camelliae sinensis, folium Ginkgo, and flos Lonicerae, placing in microwave reactor, treating for 5min at 200W power, then treating with 100W power ultrasonic wave for 10min, filtering to obtain mixed solution I; adding onion, garlic, phytic acid and water into a wall breaking machine, crushing, and filtering to obtain a mixed solution II; and mixing the mixed solution I, the mixed solution II and the water-soluble chitosan to obtain a soaking solution.
S6, freeze-drying the deer fetus processed in the step S5 until the water content is 1-5%, wherein the freeze-drying method comprises the following steps:
s61, pre-freezing embryo Cervi for 0.5h at-20 deg.C;
s62, performing vacuum freezing treatment for 3h at-100 ℃ and 100pa vacuum degree, and assisting microwave treatment with the microwave power of 100w and the microwave treatment time of 5 min; in this step, the microwave treatment is carried out 2 times, each time with an interval of 15min or more.
S63, continuing vacuum freeze drying for 4h at-30 deg.C under vacuum degree of 60pa to obtain embryo Cervi lyophilized decoction pieces.
Example 2
A preparation method of embryo cervi freeze-dried decoction pieces comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning fresh deer fetus and placenta hominis, removing impurities, and cutting fresh deer fetus into pieces;
s2, adding the blocky deer fetus in the step S1 into a mixed solution composed of ferric sulfate and copper chloride, and soaking for 6min, wherein the concentrations of the ferric sulfate and the copper chloride in the mixed solution are 3g/L and 3g/L respectively; the mass of the mixed solution is 2.5 times of that of the deer fetus;
s3, taking the deer fetus processed in the step S2 out, and then adding the deer fetus into a sodium bicarbonate solution to soak for 6 min; the concentration of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 5 g/L; the mass of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 2.5 times of that of the deer fetus;
s4, taking out the deer fetus processed in the step S3, and then adding NaOH solution to soak for 2 min; the concentration of the NaOH solution is 1.2g/L, and the mass of the NaOH solution is 1.5 times of that of the deer fetus;
s5, taking the deer fetus processed in the step S4 out, washing with water, and then soaking the deer fetus in a soaking solution 2.5 times of the deer fetus for 6min, wherein the soaking solution is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of tea, 3 parts of ginkgo leaves, 5 parts of onions, 5 parts of garlic, 4 parts of honeysuckle, 1.2 parts of phytic acid, 0.8 part of water-soluble chitosan and 300 parts of water; the preparation method of the soak solution comprises the following steps: adding folium Camelliae sinensis, folium Ginkgo, and flos Lonicerae into 65 deg.C water, adding 3.5% ethanol of total weight of folium Camelliae sinensis, folium Ginkgo, and flos Lonicerae, placing in microwave reactor, treating for 12min at 220W power, then treating for 18min with 110W power ultrasonic wave, filtering to obtain mixed solution I; adding onion, garlic, phytic acid and water into a wall breaking machine, crushing, and filtering to obtain a mixed solution II; and mixing the mixed solution I, the mixed solution II and the water-soluble chitosan to obtain a soaking solution.
S6, freeze-drying the deer fetus processed in the step S5 until the water content is 1-5%, wherein the freeze-drying method comprises the following steps:
s61, pre-freezing embryo Cervi for 0.6h at-19 deg.C;
s62, performing vacuum freezing treatment for 3.5h at-80 ℃ and a vacuum degree of 140pa, and assisting in microwave treatment with microwave power of 180w and microwave treatment time of 4 min; in this step, the microwave treatment is carried out 3 times, each time with an interval of 15min or more.
S63, continuing to perform vacuum freeze drying treatment for 3h, wherein the freezing temperature is-35 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 60pa, thus obtaining the deer fetus freeze-dried decoction pieces.
Example 3
A preparation method of embryo cervi freeze-dried decoction pieces comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning fresh deer fetus and placenta hominis, removing impurities, and cutting fresh deer fetus into pieces;
s2, adding the blocky deer fetus in the step S1 into a mixed solution composed of ferric sulfate and copper chloride, and soaking for 7min, wherein the concentrations of the ferric sulfate and the copper chloride in the mixed solution are 4g/L and 2g/L respectively; the mass of the mixed solution is 3 times of that of the deer fetus;
s3, taking the deer fetus processed in the step S2 out, and then adding the deer fetus into a sodium bicarbonate solution to soak for 7 min; the concentration of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 6 g/L; the mass of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 3 times of that of the deer fetus;
s4, taking out the deer fetus processed in the step S3, and then adding NaOH solution to soak for 3 min; the concentration of the NaOH solution is 1.5g/L, and the mass of the NaOH solution is 2 times of that of the deer fetus;
s5, taking the deer fetus processed in the step S4 out, washing with water, and then soaking the deer fetus in a soak solution which is 3 times of the deer fetus for 7min, wherein the soak solution is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of tea, 4 parts of ginkgo leaves, 5 parts of onions, 6 parts of garlic, 5 parts of honeysuckle, 1.5 parts of phytic acid, 1 part of water-soluble chitosan and 350 parts of water; the preparation method of the soak solution comprises the following steps: adding folium Camelliae sinensis, folium Ginkgo, and flos Lonicerae into 70 deg.C water, adding 4% ethanol of total weight of folium Camelliae sinensis, folium Ginkgo, and flos Lonicerae, placing in microwave reactor, treating under 250W for 10min, then treating with 120W ultrasonic wave for 15min, filtering to obtain mixed solution I; adding onion, garlic, phytic acid and water into a wall breaking machine, crushing, and filtering to obtain a mixed solution II; and mixing the mixed solution I, the mixed solution II and the water-soluble chitosan to obtain a soaking solution.
S6, freeze-drying the deer fetus processed in the step S5 until the water content is 1-5%, wherein the freeze-drying method comprises the following steps:
s61, pre-freezing embryo Cervi for 0.7h at-18 deg.C;
s62, performing vacuum freezing treatment for 4 hours at the freezing temperature of-80 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 120pa, and assisting in microwave treatment with the microwave power of 150w and the microwave treatment time of 3 min; in this step, the microwave treatment is carried out 3 times, each time with an interval of 15min or more.
S63, continuing to perform vacuum freeze drying for 2h at-40 deg.C under vacuum degree of 55pa to obtain embryo Cervi lyophilized decoction pieces.
Example 4
A preparation method of embryo cervi freeze-dried decoction pieces comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning fresh deer fetus and placenta hominis, removing impurities, and cutting fresh deer fetus into pieces;
s2, adding the blocky deer fetus in the step S1 into a mixed solution composed of ferric sulfate and copper chloride, and soaking for 8min, wherein the concentrations of the ferric sulfate and the copper chloride in the mixed solution are 5g/L and 2.5g/L respectively; the mass of the mixed solution is 3.5 times of that of the deer fetus;
s3, taking the deer fetus processed in the step S2 out, and then adding the deer fetus into a sodium bicarbonate solution to soak for 9 min; the concentration of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 7 g/L; the mass of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 3.5 times of that of the deer fetus;
s4, taking out the deer fetus processed in the step S3, and then adding NaOH solution to soak for 4 min; the concentration of the NaOH solution is 1.8g/L, and the mass of the NaOH solution is 2.5 times of that of the deer fetus;
s5, taking the deer fetus processed in the step S4 out, washing with water, and then soaking the deer fetus in a soaking solution for 9min, wherein the soaking solution is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of tea, 5 parts of ginkgo leaves, 7 parts of onions, 7 parts of garlic, 6 parts of honeysuckle, 1.8 parts of phytic acid, 1.2 parts of water-soluble chitosan and 400 parts of water; the preparation method of the soak solution comprises the following steps: adding tea leaves, ginkgo leaves and honeysuckle into water at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, adding ethanol accounting for 3-5% of the total weight of the tea leaves, the ginkgo leaves and the honeysuckle, placing the mixture into a microwave reactor, treating the mixture for 12min under the power of 200-300W, then treating the mixture for 12min by using ultrasonic waves with the power of 140W, and filtering the mixture to obtain a mixed solution I; adding onion, garlic, phytic acid and water into a wall breaking machine, crushing, and filtering to obtain a mixed solution II; and mixing the mixed solution I, the mixed solution II and the water-soluble chitosan to obtain a soaking solution.
S6, freeze-drying the deer fetus processed in the step S5 until the water content is 1-5%, wherein the freeze-drying method comprises the following steps:
s61, pre-freezing embryo Cervi for 0.9h at-16 deg.C;
s62, performing vacuum freezing treatment for 4.5h at-90 ℃ and a vacuum degree of 110pa, and assisting in microwave treatment with microwave power of 180w and microwave treatment time of 2 min; in this step, the microwave treatment is carried out 4 times, each time with an interval of 15min or more.
S63, continuing to perform vacuum freeze drying for 2h at-35 deg.C under vacuum degree of 58pa to obtain embryo Cervi lyophilized decoction pieces.
Example 5
A preparation method of embryo cervi freeze-dried decoction pieces comprises the following steps:
s1, cleaning fresh deer fetus and placenta hominis, removing impurities, and cutting fresh deer fetus into pieces;
s2, adding the blocky deer fetus in the step S1 into a mixed solution composed of ferric sulfate and copper chloride, and soaking for 10min, wherein the concentrations of the ferric sulfate and the copper chloride in the mixed solution are respectively 6g/L and 1 g/L; the mass of the mixed solution is 4 times of that of the deer fetus;
s3, taking the deer fetus processed in the step S2 out, and then adding the deer fetus into a sodium bicarbonate solution to soak for 10 min; the concentration of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 8 g/L; the mass of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 2 times of that of the deer fetus;
s4, taking out the deer fetus processed in the step S3, and then adding NaOH solution to soak for 5 min; the concentration of the NaOH solution is 1g/L, and the mass of the NaOH solution is 3 times of that of the deer fetus;
s5, taking the deer fetus processed in the step S4 out, washing with water, and then soaking the deer fetus in a soaking solution for 10min, wherein the soaking solution is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 7 parts of tea, 6 parts of ginkgo leaves, 8 parts of onions, 8 parts of garlic, 7 parts of honeysuckle, 2 parts of phytic acid, 1.5 parts of water-soluble chitosan and 500 parts of water; the preparation method of the soak solution comprises the following steps: adding folium Camelliae sinensis, folium Ginkgo, and flos Lonicerae into 80 deg.C water, adding 5% ethanol of total weight of folium Camelliae sinensis, folium Ginkgo, and flos Lonicerae, placing in microwave reactor, treating for 5min at 300W power, then treating for 10min with 150W power ultrasonic wave, filtering to obtain mixed solution I; adding onion, garlic, phytic acid and water into a wall breaking machine, crushing, and filtering to obtain a mixed solution II; and mixing the mixed solution I, the mixed solution II and the water-soluble chitosan to obtain a soaking solution.
S6, freeze-drying the deer fetus processed in the step S5 until the water content is 1-5%, wherein the freeze-drying method comprises the following steps:
s61, pre-freezing embryo Cervi for 1h at-15 deg.C;
s62, performing vacuum freezing treatment for 5h at-70 ℃ and a vacuum degree of 150pa, and assisting in microwave treatment with microwave power of 200w and microwave treatment time of 1 min; in this step, the microwave treatment is carried out 3 times, each time with an interval of 15min or more.
S63, continuing to perform vacuum freeze drying for 2h at-40 deg.C under vacuum degree of 50pa to obtain embryo Cervi lyophilized decoction pieces.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that: the steps S2, S3 and S4 are not performed, that is, the deer fetus cleaned in the step S1 is soaked in the soaking solution, and the method is otherwise the same as the method in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: step S5 is performed by freeze-drying the deer fetus washed in step S5 without soaking the deer fetus in the soaking solution, which is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that the microwave treatment was not performed in step S62.
Testing
Appearance properties of the lyophilized decoction pieces of embryo cervi prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 are observed, and the total ash content, acid insoluble ash content, extract content and total nitrogen content of the lyophilized decoction pieces of embryo cervi are detected by referring to the method in the Chinese pharmacopoeia 2020, and the detection results are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1
| Appearance character | Total ash content | Acid insoluble ash | Extract of plant | Total nitrogen content | |
| Index requirement | / | ≤15.0％ | ≤15.0％ | ≥30.0％ | ≥4.0％ |
| Example 1 | Reddish brown block with slight fishy smell | 11.4％ | 9.5％ | 48.2％ | 6.4％ |
| Example 2 | Red brown block without fishy smell | 10.1％ | 8.1％ | 52.6％ | 6.7％ |
| Example 3 | Red brown block without fishy smell | 8.7％ | 7.5％ | 64.9％ | 8.9％ |
| Example 4 | Red brown block without fishy smell | 7.5％ | 6.1％ | 67.7％ | 7.8％ |
| Example 5 | Red brown block without fishy smell | 9.3％ | 7.9％ | 57.1％ | 8.1％ |
| Comparative example 1 | Reddish brown block with heavy fishy smell | 14.1％ | 13.5％ | 44.9％ | 5.6％ |
| Comparative example 2 | Dark brown red block and heavy fishy smell | 13.7％ | 12.9％ | 33.2％ | 4.3％ |
| Comparative example 3 | Reddish brown block with slight fishy smell | 12.9％ | 11.8％ | 39.3％ | 4.5％ |
As can be seen from table 1, the lyophilized decoction pieces of embryo cervi prepared in examples 1 to 5 are reddish brown blocks, have slight or no fishy smell, and have a total ash content of not more than 15.0%, an acid-insoluble ash content of not more than 15.0%, a extract content of not less than 30.0%, and a total nitrogen content of not less than 4.0%, which meet the requirements of the 2020 edition of chinese pharmacopoeia. As can be seen by comparing examples 1 to 5 with comparative examples 1 to 3, firstly, the lyophilized decoction pieces of deer fetus obtained in comparative example 1 (without performing steps S2, S3 and S4) and comparative example 2 (without subjecting deer fetus to soaking solution treatment) are dark brown red and have heavy fishy smell, thus illustrating that performing steps S2, S3 and S4 and subjecting deer fetus to soaking solution treatment helps to remove fishy smell, and subjecting deer fetus to soaking solution treatment has antioxidant effect; next, the contents of total ash and acid-insoluble ash in comparative examples 1 to 3 are both greater than those in examples 1 to 5, and the contents of extract and total nitrogen in comparative examples 1 to 3 are both less than those in examples 1 to 5, which indicates that whether steps S2, S3 and S4 are performed, whether the deer fetus is placed in the soak solution and whether the microwave treatment is performed affect the contents of the effective components in the deer fetus freeze-dried decoction pieces.
The above are merely characteristic embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. All technical solutions formed by equivalent exchanges or equivalent substitutions fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the deer fetus freeze-dried decoction pieces is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, taking fresh deer fetus and placenta, cleaning, removing impurities, and cutting into blocks;
s2, adding the deer fetus and the placenta processed in the step S1 into a mixed solution composed of ferric sulfate and copper chloride, and soaking for 5-10 min;
s3, taking the deer fetus and the placenta which are processed in the step S2 out, and then adding the deer fetus and the placenta into a sodium bicarbonate solution to soak for 5-10 min;
s4, taking out the deer fetus and placenta processed in the step S3, and then adding the deer fetus and placenta into NaOH solution to soak for 1-5 min;
s5, taking out the deer fetus and placenta processed in the step S4, washing with water, and then soaking the deer fetus and placenta in a soak solution for 5-10 min, wherein the soak solution is prepared from tea leaves, ginkgo leaves, onions, garlic, honeysuckle flowers, phytic acid, water-soluble chitosan and water;
s6, freeze-drying the deer fetus and the placenta which are processed in the step S5 until the water content is 1-5%, and obtaining the deer fetus freeze-dried decoction pieces.
2. The method for preparing the deer fetus freeze-dried decoction pieces as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S5, the soaking solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of tea, 2-6 parts of ginkgo leaf, 4-8 parts of onion, 4-8 parts of garlic, 3-7 parts of honeysuckle, 1-2 parts of phytic acid, 0.5-1.5 parts of water-soluble chitosan and 200-500 parts of water.
3. The method for preparing the lyophilized decoction pieces of embryo cervi according to claim 2, wherein in step S5, the method for preparing the soaking solution comprises: adding tea leaves, ginkgo leaves and honeysuckle into water at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, adding ethanol accounting for 3-5% of the total weight of the tea leaves, the ginkgo leaves and the honeysuckle, placing the mixture into a microwave reactor, treating the mixture for 5-15 min under the power of 200-300W, then carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10-20 min under the power of 100-150W, and filtering the mixture to obtain a first mixed solution; adding onion, garlic, phytic acid and water into a wall breaking machine, crushing, and filtering to obtain a mixed solution II; and mixing the mixed solution I, the mixed solution II and the water-soluble chitosan to obtain a soaking solution.
4. The method for preparing embryo cervi lyophilized decoction pieces as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S6, the lyophilization comprises:
s61, pre-freezing the deer fetus for 0.5-1 h at-15 to-20 ℃;
s62, performing vacuum freezing treatment for 3-5 hours at the freezing temperature of-70 to-100 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 100-150 pa, and assisting in microwave treatment with the microwave power of 100-200 w and the microwave treatment time of 1-5 min;
s63, continuing to perform vacuum freeze drying treatment for 1-5 h, wherein the freezing temperature is-30 to-50 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 50-60 pa.
5. The method for preparing the deer fetus freeze-dried decoction pieces as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step S62, the microwave treatment is performed for 1-4 times, each time at an interval of more than 15 min.
6. The method for preparing the embryo cervi freeze-dried decoction pieces according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the concentrations of ferric sulfate and copper chloride in the mixed solution are 2-6 g/L and 1-3 g/L respectively.
7. The method for preparing the embryo cervi freeze-dried decoction pieces according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the concentration of the sodium bicarbonate solution is 4-8 g/L.
8. The method for preparing the embryo cervi lyophilized decoction pieces according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the concentration of the NaOH solution is 1-2 g/L.
9. A lyophilized decoction piece of embryo Cervi prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8.
Priority Applications (1)
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