CN114304148A - Photinus tarsal leptocarpus attractant, lure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Photinus tarsal leptocarpus attractant, lure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of insect attraction, and provides a photinus tarsalsifera attractant, a lure and a preparation method thereof. The attractant provided by the invention comprises hexanal, cis-3-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol; the mass ratio of the hexanal to the cis-3-hexenal to the cis-3-hexenol is 10-15: 15-20: 65-75. The attractant is specially prepared aiming at the olfactory system of the phaeoglossum tarsaloides and has the characteristics of single target, good attracting effect and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of insect attraction, in particular to a photinus tarsalsifera attractant, a lure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The diabrotica tarsalis Wise (Diarrhba tarsalis Wise.) is called diabrotica glycyrrhiza, only liquorice is taken to eat, adults and larvae gnaw liquorice leaves, the liquorice mesophyll in the whole field can be eaten completely within 3-5 days, only reticular stems and veins are left, and great liquorice yield loss is caused every year. At present, the prevention and control of the phaeocaulon tarsalsa still depends on chemical pesticides, so that the problems of '3R' such as pesticide residue of medicinal materials, excessive toxic heavy metal content and the like are caused, the competitiveness and sustainable development of the liquorice planting industry are seriously influenced, and environment-friendly green prevention and control measures are inevitably developed.
The trapping and controlling technology is one of the feasible ways for green prevention and control of the ruditapes tarsal beetle, and the phytophagous insects feed by distinguishing the special odors of secondary metabolites contained in the host plant, wherein the special odors are signal molecules for the insects to search for the host plant. The special smells are fully utilized to attract the Rhagophthalmus tarda leaf beetles to achieve the effect of prevention and treatment, the use of pesticides can be reduced, and the drug resistance of pests can be reduced. However, there is no effective attractant for Rhagophthalmus tarda.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides an attractant for Photinus tarsalsifera, a lure and a preparation method thereof. The attractant provided by the invention has a good attracting effect on the Rhagophthalmus tarda leaf beetles, is high in attracting efficiency, and is green and environment-friendly.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
an attractant for Flutica tarsalsa comprises hexanal, cis-3-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol; the mass ratio of the hexanal to the cis-3-hexenal to the cis-3-hexenol is 10-15: 15-20: 65-75.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the hexanal, the cis-3-hexenal and the cis-3-hexenol is 10.80:18.78: 70.42.
Preferably, the attractant comprises a carrier and an attractant solution adsorbed on the carrier; the attractant is the attractant in the scheme.
Preferably, the solvent of the attractant solution is dichloromethane or n-hexane.
Preferably, the concentration of the attractant solution is 80-120 mug/muL.
Preferably, the carrier is a circular rubber head.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the annular rubber head is 1-1.5 cm, and the outer diameter is 2-2.5 cm.
Preferably, 2000-2500 mu g of attractant is loaded on a single lure.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the lure according to the scheme, which comprises the following steps:
dissolving an attractant in a solvent to obtain an attractant solution, and adsorbing the attractant solution by using a carrier to obtain the photinus tarsalsi lure.
The invention provides a photinaca tarsalsa attractant, which comprises hexanal, cis-3-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol; the mass ratio of the hexanal to the cis-3-hexenal to the cis-3-hexenol is 10-15: 15-20: 65-75. The attractant is specially configured for the olfactory system of the phaeocaulon tarsalsifera, and has the characteristics of single target, good attracting effect and high efficiency.
The invention also provides a diabrotica tarsalmoides lure core, which comprises a carrier and an attractant solution adsorbed on the carrier; the attractant is the attractant in the scheme. The lure core provided by the invention has good lure effect and high efficiency, and the lure core is used for monitoring and controlling adult Rhagophthalmus tarda, and compared with the existing control measures mainly based on chemical pesticides, the lure core has the characteristics of environmental friendliness, investment saving and simple and easy operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a GC-EAD reaction of Rhagophthalmus tarda on host volatiles;
FIG. 2 is a total ion flow diagram of the components of a volatile extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra;
FIG. 3 is the EAG reaction of Rhagophthalmus tarda diabrotica with varying concentrations of hexanal;
FIG. 4 is the EAG reaction of Rhagophthalmus tarda on cis-3-hexenal at various concentrations;
FIG. 5 is the EAG reaction of Rhagophthalmus tarda on cis-3-hexenol at various concentrations;
FIG. 6 is the EAG reaction of Rhagophthalmus tarda on 1-octen-3-ol at various concentrations;
FIG. 7 is the EAG reaction of Rhagophthalmus tarda on various concentrations of trans-2-hexenal;
FIG. 8 is an EAG reaction of Rhagophthalmus tarda on various concentrations of hexanol;
FIG. 9 is the EAG reaction of Rhagophthalmus tarda on various concentrations of (Z) -hexanoic acid-3-hexenyl ester;
FIG. 10 shows Y-olfactometer behavior measurements of androgenic sensitive compounds;
FIG. 11 is a Y-olfactometer behavior assay of a female insect-sensitive compound;
FIG. 12 shows the concentration of host-specific odor signals of Rhynchosia tarsal in the licorice extract before and after 24h, 72h of ingestion;
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the killing effect of A, B, C three attractants on adult Luciola tarsa.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a photinaca tarsalsa attractant, which comprises hexanal, cis-3-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol; the mass ratio of the hexanal to the cis-3-hexenal to the cis-3-hexenol is 10-15: 15-20: 65-75.
In the invention, the mass ratio of the hexanal, the cis-3-hexenal and the cis-3-hexenol is preferably 10-14: 16-19: 68-72, and more preferably 10.80:18.78: 70.42.
The molecular formula of hexanal is C6H12O, CAS number 66-25-1, is colorless transparent liquid, has crude oil and grass smell and apple fragrance, melting point of-56 deg.C, and boiling point of 131 ℃, flash point 90 ℉, miscible in ethanol, propylene glycol and most of the non-volatile oils, insoluble in water, storage conditions 2-8 ℃, structural formula shown in formula I:
the molecular formula of cis-3-hexenal is C6H10O, CAS number 6789-80-6, colorless liquid, strong green, grass and apple-like aroma, melting point-78 deg.C, boiling point 20 deg.C, flash point 140 ℉, slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol and oil, storage condition 2-8 deg.C, structural formula shown in formula II:
the molecular formula of cis-3-hexenol is C6H12O, CAS number 928-96-1, colorless oily liquid, strong grass aroma and fresh tea smell, melting point 22.55 deg.C, boiling point 156 deg.C, flash point 112 ℉, soluble in ethanol, propylene glycol and most non-volatile oils, sparingly soluble in water, storage conditions-20 deg.C, structural formula shown in formula III:
according to the invention, by analyzing the host volatile matters of the photinus tarsalsoloides by technical methods such as electrophysiology, insect ethology and the like, 3 host volatile matters (namely hexanal, cis-3-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol) which have activity on the photinus tarsalsoloides are identified, and the photinus tarsalsoloides attractant is developed on the basis of the host volatile matters, and the obtained attractant has the characteristics of single target, good attracting effect and high efficiency.
The invention also provides a diabrotica tarsalmoides lure core, which comprises a carrier and an attractant solution adsorbed on the carrier; the attractant is the attractant in the scheme. In the present invention, the solvent of the attractant solution is preferably dichloromethane or n-hexane; the concentration of the attractant solution is preferably 80-120 mug/muL, and more preferably 100 mug/muL; the carrier is preferably a circular rubber head; the inner diameter of the circular rubber head is preferably 1-1.5 cm, and the outer diameter is preferably 2-2.5 cm. The invention has no special requirement on the source of the circular rubber head, and can be realized by adopting the circular rubber head sold in the market.
In the invention, 2000-2500 mu g of attractant is preferably loaded on a single lure.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the lure according to the scheme, which comprises the following steps:
dissolving an attractant in a solvent to obtain an attractant solution, and adsorbing the attractant solution by using a carrier to obtain the photinus tarsalsi lure.
The preparation method of the attractant solution has no special requirements, and hexanal, cis-3-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol are dissolved in the solvent according to the proportion in the scheme.
The invention has no special requirement on the adsorption method, and the carrier can naturally adsorb the attractant solution. In the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that 10 empty rubber tips are packed in a group in a conical flask, 250. mu.L of an attractant solution is dropped into the conical flask, the rubber tips are stirred with a glass rod while dropping to uniformly adsorb the attractant solution, and after the adsorption is completed, 10 pieces of the resulting lure are hermetically packaged with an aluminum film and stored at 4 ℃.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
(1) GC-EAD analysis of Flutica tara host volatile
Volatile matter of aerial parts of the host plant Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisher of the Rhagophthalmus tarda (Lindl.) Lam is extracted by headspace adsorption method, and the tentacle GC-EAD reaction of the Rhagophthalmus tarda (Lindl.) Lam is detected, and as shown in FIG. 1, the tentacles have electrophysiological reactions on 9 separated components, which respectively appear in 7.17min, 8.20min, 9.97min, 12.15min, 13.20min, 14.00min, 14.35min, 15.53min and 15.98min, and can repeatedly appear on a plurality of tentacles.
(2) GC-MS identification of volatile matter of tarsal licorice
GC-MS analysis of the volatile extract of aerial parts of host Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisher was carried out, and the results are shown in FIG. 2, in which FIG. 2 shows that 9 kinds of separated fractions were detected in sequence at 6.73min, 8.44min, 10.95min, 14.91min, 16.74min, 17.81min, 18.57min, 20.55min, and 21.39min, respectively, and that 9 kinds of separated fractions were Hexanal (Hexanal, C.sub.147, C.sub.hexanal, C.sub. 27, and Nist147 databases were searched6H12O), cis-3-hexenal (Z-3-hexenol, C)6H10O), trans-2-hexenal (E-2-hexenal, C)6H10O), cis-3-hexenyl acetate (Z-3-hexenyl acetate, C)8H14O2) Hexanol (Hexanol, C)6H14O), cis-3-hexenol (Z-3-hexenol, C)6H12O), Nonanal (Nonanal, C)9H18O), 1-octen-3-ol (1-octen-3-ol, C)8H16O), (Z) -hexanoic acid-3-hexenyl butyrate (Z-3-hexenyl butyrate, C)12H22O2). And verifying that the substance identification is correct through comparison of the retention time and the mass spectrogram of the corresponding standard substance.
(3) EAG verification of electrophysiological active component with antenna
The results of diluting the above 9 compounds to concentration gradients of 0.01. mu.g/. mu.L, 0.1. mu.g/. mu.L, 1. mu.g/. mu.L, and 10. mu.g/. mu.L, respectively (solvent dichloromethane), measuring the antennal EAG reaction at different concentration gradients, and comparing with dichloromethane are shown in FIGS. 3 to 9. According to FIGS. 3 to 9, 6 kinds of compounds (hexanol, trans-2-hexenal, (Z) -hexanoic acid-3-hexenyl ester, cis-3-hexenol, hexanal, cis-3-hexenal) sensitive to male worms, 7 kinds of compounds (1-octen-3-ol, hexanol, trans-2-hexenal, (Z) -hexanoic acid-3-hexenyl ester, cis-3-hexenol, hexanal, cis-3-hexenal) sensitive to female worms can be obtained; the antennary EAG reaction does not change much at different concentrations of cis-3-hexenyl acetate and nonanal, so it is not shown in the figure.
(4) Determination of the behaviour of an electrophysiological active component with an antenna
Y olfactometer behavior measurement is carried out on the host volatile matter components (6 male worms are sensitive and 7 female worms are sensitive) obtained by electrophysiological verification, the results are shown in figures 10-11, and cis-3-hexenal, hexanal and cis-3-hexenol are shown in figures 10-11 as odor signal substances of the Rhagophthalmus tarda leaf beetle positioning host.
(5) Host positioning odor signal release rule
GC-MS quantitative analysis is carried out on the licorice volatile matter extract which is not eaten, 50 fireflies were placed on 1 licorice, a gauze is covered, the fireflies were respectively eaten by the fireflies for 24 hours and 72 hours, then the worms are expelled, and volatile matter extracts of aerial parts of the licorice which is eaten for 24 hours and 72 hours are extracted by a headspace adsorption method and subjected to GC-MS quantitative analysis.
The results are shown in FIG. 12, and the results in FIG. 12 indicate that cis-3-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol are the constituent components of the host licorice root located in Rhagophthalmus tarda, and hexanal is the odor signal induced by the damage of licorice root caused by food intake. Hexanal in the volatiles of licorice, a healthy host: cis-3-hexenal: the mass of cis-3-hexenol is 0:13.86:86.14, and the weight of hexanal in volatile substances after eating for 72 hours: cis-3-hexenal: the mass ratio of cis-3-hexenol is 10.80:18.78: 70.42.
(6) Evaluation of multi-component field trapping effect
3 attractants are designed according to the natural release proportion of the host-located active substances of the Rhagophthalmus tarda, A is the volatile quantity proportion of healthy plants (namely the mass ratio of hexanal to cis-3-hexenal to cis-3-hexenol is 0:13.86:86.14), B is the release proportion of the Rhagophthalmus tarda after being damaged (namely the mass ratio of hexanal to cis-3-hexenal to cis-3-hexenol is 10.80:18.78:70.42), C is the hexanal double proportion (namely the mass ratio of hexanal to cis-3-hexenal to cis-3-hexenol is 21.60:16.51:61.89), the three attractants are respectively dissolved in dichloromethane, the concentration is 100 mu g/mu L, the empty Erigeront rubber heads are used for adsorbing the attractant solution, the charge capacity of the attractants in a single Erigeront head is 2500 mu g, the three attractants are obtained, and the trapping effect of the three attractants on the Rhagophthalmus tarda in field evaluation is achieved by using a trap, the trapping time was 7 days, while the individual components and the solvent dichloromethane were used as controls.
The results are shown in FIG. 13. The results in fig. 13 show that the trapping effect of the B-inducer (cis-3-hexenal: cis-3-hexenol mass ratio of 10.80:18.78:70.42) is the best.
Example 2
Preparing an attractant according to the mass ratio of hexanal to cis-3-hexenal to cis-3-hexenol of 10.80:18.78:70.42, dissolving the attractant in dichloromethane to obtain an attractant with the concentration of 100 mu g/mu L, taking out blank rubber head lure cores from a package, putting 10 blank rubber head lure cores into 100ml erlenmeyer flasks, dropwise adding 250 mu L of the attractant into each erlenmeyer flask, stirring by using a glass rod while dripping to ensure uniform absorption, preparing the lure core loaded with 2500ug of an effective component, sealing and packaging by using 10 aluminum films/bag, and storing at 4 ℃.
Example 3
Other conditions were the same as in example 2 except that the mass ratio of hexanal, cis-3-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol was changed to 10:18: 72.
Example 4
Other conditions were the same as in example 2 except that the mass ratio of hexanal, cis-3-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol was changed to 15:20: 65.
Example 5
In 7 th month in 2021, the tarsal coarse cerasus tarsa was trapped by using a trap core indicated in the patent in garden park of Ningxia agriculture and forestry academy of sciences, a commercial tobacco nail trap was used as the trap, 1 trap core prepared in example 2 was placed in each trap, 30 trap points were set, and the trapping results were investigated after 7 days of trapping, showing: adult insects were captured on average 19.67 heads within 7 days per trap.
In addition, the number of other trapped insects is counted, and the result shows that the other trapped insects are non-natural enemy flies, and the ratio of the trapped tarsal hornea diabrotica to the other insects is 43:7, which indicates that the lure disclosed by the invention has strong specificity.
The same experiment was carried out using the lure prepared in examples 3 to 4, and the results showed that the lure prepared in example 3 captured an average of 12.33 adult insects per lure, and that the lure prepared in example 4 captured an average of 15.27 adult insects per lure.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An attractant for Flutica tarsalsa is characterized in that the components comprise hexanal, cis-3-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol; the mass ratio of the hexanal to the cis-3-hexenal to the cis-3-hexenol is 10-15: 15-20: 65-75.
2. An attractant as set forth in claim 1 wherein the mass ratio of hexanal, cis-3-hexenal and cis-3-hexenol is 10.80:18.78: 70.42.
3. The Dactylicapnos tarsaloides lure is characterized by comprising a carrier and an attractant solution adsorbed on the carrier; the attractant is the attractant of claim 1 or 2.
4. The lure according to claim 3, wherein the solvent of the attractant solution is dichloromethane or n-hexane.
5. The lure according to claim 3, wherein the concentration of the attractant solution is 80-120 μ g/μ L.
6. A lure according to claim 3, wherein the carrier is a circular rubber head.
7. The lure according to claim 6, wherein the annular rubber head has an inner diameter of 1 to 1.5cm and an outer diameter of 2 to 2.5 cm.
8. The lure according to claim 6, wherein 2000-2500 μ g of attractant is loaded on a single lure.
9. A method of preparing a lure according to any one of claims 3 to 8, characterised by the steps of:
dissolving an attractant in a solvent to obtain an attractant solution, and adsorbing the attractant solution by using a carrier to obtain the photinus tarsalsi lure.
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| US6413508B1 (en) * | 1988-07-05 | 2002-07-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Green leaf volatiles as synergists for insect pheromones |
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2022
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| US6413508B1 (en) * | 1988-07-05 | 2002-07-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Green leaf volatiles as synergists for insect pheromones |
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| CN104094928A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-10-15 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Mango deporaus marginatus pascoe attractant and preparation method thereof |
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