CN114304006A - Method for breeding tilapia and procambarus clarkia in mixed mode - Google Patents
Method for breeding tilapia and procambarus clarkia in mixed mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN114304006A CN114304006A CN202111665982.2A CN202111665982A CN114304006A CN 114304006 A CN114304006 A CN 114304006A CN 202111665982 A CN202111665982 A CN 202111665982A CN 114304006 A CN114304006 A CN 114304006A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for culturing tilapia and procambarus clarkia in a mixed mode, which comprises the steps of early preparation, pond treatment, culture environment preparation, fry and shrimp fry feeding, feed feeding time, a feeding method, daily inspection and the like. According to the invention, the procambarus clarkia and the tilapia are separated from each other by the isolation net for feeding, so that the fry cannot be eaten by fish, meanwhile, the procambarus clarkia is prevented from attacking the fry, the problem of production reduction caused by reduction of the number of the fry and the fry is prevented, and the activity of the tilapia and the procambarus clarkia is improved when the procambarus clarkia and the tilapia are cultured in a mixed manner, thereby being beneficial to improving the quality of the tilapia and the procambarus clarkia.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mixed culture of tilapia and procambarus clarkia, in particular to a method for mixed culture of tilapia and procambarus clarkia.
Background
The procambarus clarkii is commonly called crayfish and is originally produced in Mexico, the procambarus clarkii is spread to North America, the procambarus clarkii enters the Nanjing area of China through Japan in the last 20 to 30 years, then the procambarus clarkii is rapidly propagated in Jiangzhe area, and the procambarus clarkii just starts to enter China as an invasive species.
However, due to the lack of habits and cognition of the tilapia and the procambarus clarkii, the problems of eating the shrimps and eating the fishes of the shrimps often occur in many breeding organizations, and finally, the yield is not increased, but the yield of the tilapia and the procambarus clarkii is reduced, so that economic loss is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background technology, the invention provides a method for culturing tilapia and procambarus clarkia in a mixed mode.
The invention provides a method for culturing tilapia and procambarus clarkia in a mixed mode, which comprises the steps of early preparation, pond treatment, culture environment preparation, fry and shrimp fry feeding, feed feeding time, a feeding method, daily inspection and the like, wherein the early preparation, the pond treatment, the culture environment preparation, the fry and shrimp fry feeding and the like are sequentially carried out according to the steps.
A method for culturing tilapia and procambarus clarkia in a mixed mode comprises the following steps:
s1: early preparation: preparing enough quicklime, water temperature adjusting equipment, oxygen increasing equipment, water pumping equipment and waterweed seeds, cleaning a fish pond in which fishes and shrimps are required to be cultured, trimming the periphery of the fish pond to enable the fish pond to be approximately quadrilateral, keeping the depth of the pond to be approximately 1.5-3 m, keeping the thickness of sludge at the bottom of the pond to be 30-40 cm, then installing an isolation net at the bottom of the pond, keeping the density of the isolation net at 140 meshes and 170 meshes, keeping the height of the isolation net equal to the depth of the pond, drying the pond after the isolation net is installed, and drying the pond for five days under the condition of sufficient sunlight impact;
s2: pond treatment: after the pond is dried, injecting water into the pond, wherein the water injection amount is about 10-20 cm, after the water injection is finished, taking a proper amount of quicklime to prepare lime water, the proportion of the quicklime to the water is 1:50, the using amount of the quicklime is 80-100Kg per mu, after the lime water is prepared, uniformly spraying the lime water to the pond, spraying for as many times as possible, ensuring that the lime water is uniformly sprayed, and after the lime water is sprayed, standing for ten days until the lime water fully disinfects the pond;
s3: preparing a breeding environment: after the pond is disinfected, installing water temperature adjusting equipment, oxygen increasing equipment and the like, injecting water into the pond after the installation is finished, wherein the depth of the injected water is 1.5-2 meters, spraying special fishing fertilizers into the pond after the water injection is finished, the application amount is 50-80kg per mu, after two days, spraying aquatic weed seeds into the pond in a classified manner, then spraying spiral shells into the bottom of the pond, standing the pond for ten days, and stocking the fishes and shrimps after the aquatic weed seeds take roots;
s4: fry and shrimp fry throwing: after the pond is treated, stocking procambarus clarkia, selecting young shrimps of 2-3 cm as much as possible during stocking, wherein the stocking density of the young shrimps is 6000-plus 9000 per mu, the stocking time is selected in late 3 months, after the young shrimps are stocked, putting feed into the pond on time, the temperature is warmed up in late April, at the moment, putting tilapia into the pond, selecting 3-4 cm young fishes from the fries, and the stocking density of the young fishes is 8000-plus 5000-plus per mu;
s5: feeding time and feeding method: the daily feed feeding amount of the procambarus clarkia is three to five percent of the weight of the juvenile shrimps, the feeding time is 15 to 18 points of each day, when the feed is fed, the characteristic that the procambarus clarkia is favored to gather towards the edge is installed, sixty to seventy percent of feed is fed around the isolation net, the rest feed is uniformly thrown to the middle position of the feeding range of the procambarus clarkia, the daily private chat feeding amount of the tilapia is five to eight percent of the weight of the fry, the fry feeding time is divided into two times, fifty percent of the feed is fed every time, the morning feeding time is 7 to 9 points, the afternoon feeding time is 15 to 16 points, in addition, the fry is additionally fed with the green feeds such as the green grass every day, the amount of the green feeds is proper, and the green feeds are not taken as a strict standard;
s6, daily inspection: the tilapia and the procambarus clarkia have high requirements on water temperature, the most suitable growth temperature is 15-25 ℃, when high-temperature weather in summer occurs, weather forecast is paid much attention due to variable weather, feeding is reduced or not performed if the weather is low and thunderstorm weather is adopted, so that feed is prevented from being wasted, water is polluted, and the growth of the tilapia is influenced, at the moment, only a small amount of feed needs to be put into the procambarus clarkia, the weight of the put feed is half of the daily put amount, meanwhile, the oxygenation equipment is started to oxygenate the water, oxygen in the water is supplemented, the water quality of a fish pond is checked every day, when the visibility of the water quality of the fish pond is lower than 25 cm, the water of the fish pond needs to be replaced and supplemented, a part of the water of the fish pond is pumped out, the water of the fish pond is replenished to a water level position again, the temperature in summer is high, the water evaporation amount is large, and the water of the fish pond needs to be supplemented in time.
Preferably, the isolation net is arranged in the pond in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', the feeding area of the procambarus clarkii is approximately the same as the feeding area of the tilapia, and the size of the holes of the isolation net is far smaller than that of the shrimp fries and the fish fries.
Preferably, the main components of the feed comprise corn protein powder, fermented soybean meal, fermented silkworm chrysalis meal, flour, soybean oil, mussel meat, glycine, glutamic acid, monocalcium phosphate, salt, vitamins, Chinese arborvitae twig, nux vomica, green feed and the like.
In the invention, the procambarus clarkia and the tilapia are separated and raised through the isolation net, so that the young shrimps are not eaten by fishes, meanwhile, the adult procambarus clarkia is prevented from attacking the young fishes, and the problem of yield reduction caused by the reduction of the number of the young fishes and the young fishes is prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for cultivating tilapia and Procambrus clarkii in a mixed manner.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1, a method for culturing tilapia and procambarus clarkia in a mixed mode comprises the steps of preliminary preparation, pond treatment, culture environment preparation, fry and shrimp fry feeding, feed feeding time, a feeding method, daily inspection and the like, wherein the preliminary preparation, the pond treatment, the culture environment preparation, the fry and shrimp fry feeding and the like are sequentially carried out according to the steps.
A method for culturing tilapia and procambarus clarkia in a mixed mode comprises the following steps:
s1: early preparation: preparing enough quicklime, water temperature adjusting equipment, oxygen increasing equipment, water pumping equipment and waterweed seeds, cleaning a fish pond in which fishes and shrimps are required to be cultured, trimming the periphery of the fish pond to enable the fish pond to be approximately quadrilateral, keeping the depth of the pond to be approximately 1.5-3 m, keeping the thickness of sludge at the bottom of the pond to be 30-40 cm, then installing an isolation net at the bottom of the pond, keeping the density of the isolation net at 140 meshes and 170 meshes, keeping the height of the isolation net equal to the depth of the pond, drying the pond after the isolation net is installed, and drying the pond for five days under the condition of sufficient sunlight impact;
s2: pond treatment: after the pond is dried, injecting water into the pond, wherein the water injection amount is about 10-20 cm, after the water injection is finished, taking a proper amount of quicklime to prepare lime water, the proportion of the quicklime to the water is 1:50, the using amount of the quicklime is 80-100Kg per mu, after the lime water is prepared, uniformly spraying the lime water to the pond, spraying for as many times as possible, ensuring that the lime water is uniformly sprayed, and after the lime water is sprayed, standing for ten days until the lime water fully disinfects the pond;
s3: preparing a breeding environment: after the pond is disinfected, installing water temperature adjusting equipment, oxygen increasing equipment and the like, injecting water into the pond after the installation is finished, wherein the depth of the injected water is 1.5-2 meters, spraying special fishing fertilizers into the pond after the water injection is finished, the application amount is 50-80kg per mu, after two days, spraying aquatic weed seeds into the pond in a classified manner, then spraying spiral shells into the bottom of the pond, standing the pond for ten days, and stocking the fishes and shrimps after the aquatic weed seeds take roots;
s4: fry and shrimp fry throwing: after the pond is treated, stocking procambarus clarkia, selecting young shrimps of 2-3 cm as much as possible during stocking, wherein the stocking density of the young shrimps is 6000-plus 9000 per mu, the stocking time is selected in late 3 months, after the young shrimps are stocked, putting feed into the pond on time, the temperature is warmed up in late April, at the moment, putting tilapia into the pond, selecting 3-4 cm young fishes from the fries, and the stocking density of the young fishes is 8000-plus 5000-plus per mu;
s5: feeding time and feeding method: the daily feed feeding amount of the procambarus clarkia is three to five percent of the weight of the juvenile shrimps, the feeding time is 15 to 18 points of each day, when the feed is fed, the characteristic that the procambarus clarkia is favored to gather towards the edge is installed, sixty to seventy percent of feed is fed around the isolation net, the rest feed is uniformly thrown to the middle position of the feeding range of the procambarus clarkia, the daily private chat feeding amount of the tilapia is five to eight percent of the weight of the fry, the fry feeding time is divided into two times, fifty percent of the feed is fed every time, the morning feeding time is 7 to 9 points, the afternoon feeding time is 15 to 16 points, in addition, the fry is additionally fed with the green feeds such as the green grass every day, the amount of the green feeds is proper, and the green feeds are not taken as a strict standard;
s6, daily inspection: the tilapia and the procambarus clarkia have high requirements on water temperature, the most suitable growth temperature is 15-25 ℃, when high-temperature weather in summer occurs, weather forecast is paid much attention due to variable weather, feeding is reduced or not performed if the weather is low and thunderstorm weather is adopted, so that feed is prevented from being wasted, water is polluted, and the growth of the tilapia is influenced, at the moment, only a small amount of feed needs to be put into the procambarus clarkia, the weight of the put feed is half of the daily put amount, meanwhile, the oxygenation equipment is started to oxygenate the water, oxygen in the water is supplemented, the water quality of a fish pond is checked every day, when the visibility of the water quality of the fish pond is lower than 25 cm, the water of the fish pond needs to be replaced and supplemented, a part of the water of the fish pond is pumped out, the water of the fish pond is replenished to a water level position again, the temperature in summer is high, the water evaporation amount is large, and the water of the fish pond needs to be supplemented in time.
The isolation net is arranged in the pond in a 'hui' shape, the feeding area of procambarus clarkia is approximately the same as that of tilapia, the size of the holes of the isolation net is far smaller than that of shrimp seedlings and fish seedlings, and the feed mainly comprises corn protein powder, fermented soybean meal, fermented silkworm chrysalis meal, flour, soybean oil, mussel meat, glycine, glutamic acid, monocalcium phosphate, salt, vitamins, Chinese arborvitae twig, nux vomica, green feed and the like.
In the invention, the procambarus clarkia and the tilapia are separated and raised through the isolation net, so that the young shrimps are not eaten by fishes, meanwhile, the adult procambarus clarkia is prevented from attacking the young fishes, and the problem of yield reduction caused by the reduction of the number of the young fishes and the young fishes is prevented.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for culturing tilapia and procambarus clarkia in a mixed mode comprises the steps of early preparation, pond treatment, feeding environment preparation, fry and shrimp fry feeding, feed feeding time, a feeding method, daily inspection and the like, and is characterized in that the early preparation, the pond treatment, the feeding environment preparation, the fry and shrimp fry feeding and the like are sequentially carried out according to the steps.
2. The method for cultivating tilapia and procambarus clarkia in a mixed way according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: early preparation: preparing enough quicklime, water temperature adjusting equipment, oxygen increasing equipment, water pumping equipment and waterweed seeds, cleaning a fish pond in which fishes and shrimps are required to be cultured, trimming the periphery of the fish pond to enable the fish pond to be approximately quadrilateral, keeping the depth of the pond to be approximately 1.5-3 m, keeping the thickness of sludge at the bottom of the pond to be 30-40 cm, then installing an isolation net at the bottom of the pond, keeping the density of the isolation net at 140 meshes and 170 meshes, keeping the height of the isolation net equal to the depth of the pond, drying the pond after the isolation net is installed, and drying the pond for five days under the condition of sufficient sunlight impact;
s2: pond treatment: after the pond is dried, injecting water into the pond, wherein the water injection amount is about 10-20 cm, after the water injection is finished, taking a proper amount of quicklime to prepare lime water, the proportion of the quicklime to the water is 1:50, the using amount of the quicklime is 80-100Kg per mu, after the lime water is prepared, uniformly spraying the lime water to the pond, spraying for as many times as possible, ensuring that the lime water is uniformly sprayed, and after the lime water is sprayed, standing for ten days until the lime water fully disinfects the pond;
s3: preparing a breeding environment: after the pond is disinfected, installing water temperature adjusting equipment, oxygen increasing equipment and the like, injecting water into the pond after the installation is finished, wherein the depth of the injected water is 1.5-2 meters, spraying special fishing fertilizers into the pond after the water injection is finished, the application amount is 50-80kg per mu, after two days, spraying aquatic weed seeds into the pond in a classified manner, then spraying spiral shells into the bottom of the pond, standing the pond for ten days, and stocking the fishes and shrimps after the aquatic weed seeds take roots;
s4: fry and shrimp fry throwing: after the pond is treated, stocking procambarus clarkia, selecting young shrimps of 2-3 cm as much as possible during stocking, wherein the stocking density of the young shrimps is 6000-plus 9000 per mu, the stocking time is selected in late 3 months, after the young shrimps are stocked, putting feed into the pond on time, the temperature is warmed up in late April, at the moment, putting tilapia into the pond, selecting 3-4 cm young fishes from the fries, and the stocking density of the young fishes is 8000-plus 5000-plus per mu;
s5: feeding time and feeding method: the daily feed feeding amount of the procambarus clarkia is three to five percent of the weight of the juvenile shrimps, the feeding time is 15 to 18 points of each day, when the feed is fed, the characteristic that the procambarus clarkia is favored to gather towards the edge is installed, sixty to seventy percent of feed is fed around the isolation net, the rest feed is uniformly thrown to the middle position of the feeding range of the procambarus clarkia, the daily private chat feeding amount of the tilapia is five to eight percent of the weight of the fry, the fry feeding time is divided into two times, fifty percent of the feed is fed every time, the morning feeding time is 7 to 9 points, the afternoon feeding time is 15 to 16 points, in addition, the fry is additionally fed with the green feeds such as the green grass every day, the amount of the green feeds is proper, and the green feeds are not taken as a strict standard;
s6, daily inspection: the tilapia and the procambarus clarkia have high requirements on water temperature, the most suitable growth temperature is 15-25 ℃, when high-temperature weather in summer occurs, weather forecast is paid much attention due to variable weather, feeding is reduced or not performed if the weather is low and thunderstorm weather is adopted, so that feed is prevented from being wasted, water is polluted, and the growth of the tilapia is influenced, at the moment, only a small amount of feed needs to be put into the procambarus clarkia, the weight of the put feed is half of the daily put amount, meanwhile, the oxygenation equipment is started to oxygenate the water, oxygen in the water is supplemented, the water quality of a fish pond is checked every day, when the visibility of the water quality of the fish pond is lower than 25 cm, the water of the fish pond needs to be replaced and supplemented, a part of the water of the fish pond is pumped out, the water of the fish pond is replenished to a water level position again, the temperature in summer is high, the water evaporation amount is large, and the water of the fish pond needs to be supplemented in time.
3. The method for cultivating the tilapia mossambica and the procambarus clarkia in a mixed mode according to claim 2, wherein the isolation net is arranged in the pond in a shape like a Chinese character 'hui', the procambarus clarkia cultivation area is approximately the same as the tilapia cultivation area, and the size of the holes of the isolation net is far smaller than the size of the shrimp fries and the fish fries.
4. The method for cultivating tilapia and procambarus clarkia in a mixed manner according to claim 2, wherein the main ingredients of the feed comprise corn protein powder, fermented soybean meal, fermented silkworm chrysalis meal, flour, soybean oil, freshwater mussel meat, glycine, glutamic acid, monocalcium phosphate, salt, vitamins, Chinese arborvitae twig, nux vomica, green feed and the like.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104719212A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-06-24 | 宁国市金东坊农业开发有限公司 | Tor-brevifilis and procambarus-clarkii rice field mixed aquaculture method |
| CN107593527A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-19 | 寿县迎河克占特种水产生态养殖专业合作社 | It is a kind of effectively to utilize the method for Water space mixed breed fresh-water fishes and cray |
| CN107980673A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-04 | 武汉市农业科学技术研究院水产科学研究所 | A kind of alternate culture method of cray and mandarin fish |
| CN108849642A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-23 | 无为县吴俊特种水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of pondfish and cray polyculture method |
| CN108849661A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-23 | 凤阳县兴科农业生态发展有限公司 | A kind of polyculture method of cray and crucian |
-
2021
- 2021-12-31 CN CN202111665982.2A patent/CN114304006A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104719212A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-06-24 | 宁国市金东坊农业开发有限公司 | Tor-brevifilis and procambarus-clarkii rice field mixed aquaculture method |
| CN107593527A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-19 | 寿县迎河克占特种水产生态养殖专业合作社 | It is a kind of effectively to utilize the method for Water space mixed breed fresh-water fishes and cray |
| CN107980673A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-05-04 | 武汉市农业科学技术研究院水产科学研究所 | A kind of alternate culture method of cray and mandarin fish |
| CN108849642A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-23 | 无为县吴俊特种水产养殖专业合作社 | A kind of pondfish and cray polyculture method |
| CN108849661A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-11-23 | 凤阳县兴科农业生态发展有限公司 | A kind of polyculture method of cray and crucian |
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