CN114301853B - Vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting hybrid topology structure - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting hybrid topology structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology structure, which comprises: a switch body and an optical fiber coupler; the switch body is provided with a plurality of optical ports, and each optical port is connected with one large bandwidth device or a plurality of small bandwidth devices according to the bandwidth required by each device in the vehicle; a plurality of small bandwidth devices are connected to the same optical port through optical fiber couplers; each device in the vehicle and the exchanger body form a hybrid topology structure network; the switch body is used for configuring the working mode of the optical port into a point-to-point working mode or a point-to-multipoint working mode and controlling data interaction among devices in the vehicle. Each optical port can support point-to-point full duplex connection or point-to-multipoint passive coupling connection, and respectively support exchange type topological structure connection and bus type topological structure connection between devices; the bandwidth utilization efficiency of the switch can be improved, the number of optical ports is saved, and the volume consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent automobile electronics, in particular to a vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology structure.
Background
With the development of the intellectualization of automobiles, a safety system and an auxiliary driving system carried by an automobile electronic system are deployed with a plurality of sensors and processors in the automobile, and the automobile electronic system is required to provide a higher-capacity data network to support data exchange among devices. Especially for future unmanned vehicles, a plurality of laser radars, high-definition cameras, millimeter wave radars and positioning systems are carried on the unmanned vehicles, the data exchange amount between the sensing devices and the vehicle-mounted computers is huge, and the traditional vehicle-mounted network is difficult to meet the requirements.
The new generation mainstream automobile electronic network is mainly based on a time sensitive network (Time Sensitive Network, TSN) architecture, based on a switched Ethernet, introduces a time synchronization and time triggering mechanism, and provides a high-capacity and low-time delay vehicle-mounted network system for an automobile electronic system. In such a switched network, devices are interconnected by a switch to effect point-to-point data exchange.
At present, an automobile electronic common switch is a cable switch, and a new-generation automobile switch is developing to an optical fiber switch, because the capacity of an optical fiber transmission single medium is larger, and the electromagnetic compatibility is strong, the automobile electronic common switch is beneficial to simplifying wiring in an automobile and improving the electromagnetic environment in the automobile, and is very suitable for a system with compact space and high wire harness density, such as automobile electronics.
When the fiber optic switch is used to connect devices, each device corresponds to one optical port of the switch. In the automobile electronic system, the bandwidth required by each device is different, the large bandwidth device is connected to one switch optical port, so that the large bandwidth of the optical port of the optical fiber switch can be fully utilized, but when the small bandwidth device is connected to the switch optical port, the actually used bandwidth is much smaller than the bandwidth provided by the optical port, so that the waste of the optical fiber switch bandwidth can be caused.
Therefore, how to provide a vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch capable of simultaneously connecting a plurality of small bandwidth devices to the same optical port on the optical fiber switch, so as to avoid broadband waste is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology, where each optical port can support a point-to-point full duplex connection or a point-to-multipoint passive coupling connection, and respectively support an inter-device switching topology connection and a bus topology connection.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a vehicle-mounted fabric switch supporting a hybrid topology, comprising: a switch body and an optical fiber coupler;
the switch body is provided with a plurality of optical ports, and each optical port is connected with one large bandwidth device or a plurality of small bandwidth devices according to the bandwidth required by each device in the vehicle;
a plurality of small bandwidth devices are connected to the same optical port through the optical fiber coupler;
each device in the vehicle and the switch body form a hybrid topology structure network;
the switch body is used for configuring the working mode of the optical port into a point-to-point working mode or a point-to-multipoint working mode and controlling data interaction among devices in the vehicle.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting the hybrid topology structure can be configured into a point-to-point full duplex working mode or a point-to-multipoint medium sharing working mode. In a point-to-point working mode, the equipment connected with the optical port exclusively shares the whole bandwidth provided by the optical port; in a point-to-multipoint mode of operation, multiple devices may be connected to the optical port simultaneously through the passive optical coupler 2, sharing the bandwidth provided by the optical port under the control of the optical port.
The equipment connected to the optical port configured in the point-to-point working mode is directly connected to the switching network; devices connected on an optical port configured for point-to-multipoint mode of operation are connected to the bus network because of the need to share the transmission medium with other devices connected on the same optical port. In the exchanger, no matter which working mode each optical port is configured to, the data exchange forwarding mechanism between the optical ports is unified, namely, one optical port configured to be in a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint working mode can forward the received data to any optical port in any working mode. Therefore, any two devices which are directly accessed to the switch switching network and accessed to the switch switching network through the bus type network can communicate, and the support of the switch type and bus type hybrid topological structure network is realized.
Meanwhile, the working mode of each optical port in the invention is independently configured, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the bandwidth requirement of the equipment which is connected with the actual requirement and the topological structure requirement of the networking.
By adopting the invention, a plurality of small bandwidth devices can be simultaneously connected to the same optical port on the optical fiber switch, so that the problem that bandwidth waste is easily caused when the bandwidth required by one device is much smaller than the bandwidth provided by the optical port of the switch is avoided. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the bandwidth utilization efficiency of the switch is improved;
2. the number of the optical ports of the exchanger is saved, and the volume power consumption is reduced;
3. optical cables required by connection are saved, and wiring is simplified.
The invention can be suitable for the scene of the automobile electronic system, which has strict restriction on the volume and the power consumption of electronic equipment or cables.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology, a circuit board is disposed inside the switch body, and a processor, a data buffer and a data memory are integrated on the circuit board; the processor is electrically connected with the data buffer, the data memory and the optical ports respectively.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology, a control module is integrated on the processor; the control module comprises an exchange module, a cache control module, a storage control module, a configuration module and a plurality of optical port control modules;
the switching module is respectively and electrically connected with the cache control module, the storage control module and the optical port control module; the optical port control modules are consistent in number with the optical ports and are electrically connected in one-to-one correspondence; the configuration module is respectively and electrically connected with the storage control module and the optical port control module;
the buffer control module is electrically connected with the data buffer and is used for controlling the data buffer to buffer data in the running process of the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch;
the storage control module is electrically connected with the data memory and is used for controlling the data memory to store configuration information of the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch;
the configuration module is used for reading configuration information from the data memory through the storage control module;
the optical port control module is used for configuring the corresponding optical port into a point-to-point working mode or a point-to-multipoint working mode according to the configuration information;
the exchange module is used for controlling the data interaction between the optical ports.
When the switch works independently, after power-on, the configuration module reads configuration information from the data memory through the storage control module to configure the working mode of the switch.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology, a USB interface is further integrated on the circuit board; the control module further comprises a USB control module; the USB control module is electrically connected with the USB interface; the USB interface is used for connecting a computer; the computer modifies the configuration information of the configuration module through the USB interface, and the storage control module writes the updated configuration information into the data memory for storage.
When the switch is connected to the computer through the USB interface, the computer can modify the configuration information of the switch, and the configuration module updates the configuration information and writes the updated configuration information into the data memory through the memory control module.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology, each optical port control module includes a first gating module, a point-to-point optical port control module, a point-to-multipoint optical port control module, and a second gating module;
each point-to-point optical port control module and each point-to-multipoint optical port control module are connected with the exchange module through the first gating module; each point-to-point optical port control module and each point-to-multipoint optical port control module are connected with the optical port through the second gating module;
the first gating module accesses the point-to-point optical port control module to the exchange module according to the configuration information read by the configuration module; the second gating module accesses the point-to-point optical port control module into the optical port according to the configuration information read by the configuration module, and configures the corresponding optical port into a point-to-point working mode; or (b)
The first gating module accesses the point-to-multipoint optical port control module to the switching module according to the configuration information read by the configuration module; the second gating module accesses the point-to-multipoint optical port control module into the optical port according to the configuration information read by the configuration module, and configures the corresponding optical port into a point-to-multipoint working mode.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology, each of the optical ports is only allowed to be configured in one of a point-to-point operation mode and a point-to-multipoint operation mode at the same time.
The working modes of each optical port control module in the invention can be independently configured without mutual influence, but each optical port is only allowed to be configured into one working mode of point-to-point or point-to-multipoint at the same time.
The mechanism for transferring data through the switching module is consistent regardless of the mode in which each optical port control module is configured, so that devices connected to an optical port can communicate through the switch with devices connected to the switch on any of the modes of operation.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology, each of the optical ports includes an optical transceiver and an ethernet PHY chip; the Ethernet PHY chip is electrically connected with the optical transceiver and the processor respectively.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology, the optical port sends data of a certain device to other devices through a time division multiple access mechanism.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology, the device connected to the optical port configured as a point-to-point working mode is directly connected to a switched network; devices connected on the optical ports configured for point-to-multipoint mode of operation access the bus network.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of hardware connection inside a switch body according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control module provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology, including: a switch body 1 and an optical fiber coupler 2;
the switch body 1 is provided with a plurality of optical ports, and each optical port is connected with one large bandwidth device or a plurality of small bandwidth devices according to the bandwidth required by each device in the vehicle;
a plurality of small bandwidth devices are connected to the same optical port through an optical fiber coupler 2;
each device in the vehicle and the exchanger body 1 form a hybrid topology structure network;
the switch body 1 is used for configuring the working mode of the optical port into a point-to-point working mode or a point-to-multipoint working mode and controlling data interaction among devices in the vehicle.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of hardware connection inside the switch body 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a circuit board is disposed inside the switch body 1, and a processor 11, a data buffer 12, a data memory 13, a USB interface 14 and a plurality of optical ports are integrated on the circuit board; the processor 11 is electrically connected to the data buffer 12, the data memory 13, the USB interface 14 and each optical port. Each optical port 15 includes an optical transceiver 152 and an ethernet PHY chip 151; the ethernet PHY chip 151 is electrically connected to the optical transceiver 152 and the processor 11, respectively
The optical port 15 is used for connecting with each network device in the vehicle, the USB interface 14 is used for connecting with a computer, the data buffer 12 is used for buffering data in the running process of the switch, and the data memory 13 is used for storing configuration information of the switch.
As shown in fig. 3, the processor 11 is integrated with a control module; the control modules comprise an exchange module 111, a cache control module 112, a storage control module 113, a configuration module 115, a USB control module 114 and a plurality of optical port control modules;
the exchange module 111 is electrically connected with the cache control module 112, the storage control module 113 and the optical port control module respectively; the USB control module 114 is electrically connected to the USB interface 14; the optical port control modules 116 are consistent in number with the optical ports and are electrically connected in one-to-one correspondence; the configuration module 115 is electrically connected with the storage control module 113, the USB control module 114 and the optical port control module 116 respectively;
the buffer control module 112 is electrically connected to the data buffer 12, and is used for controlling the data buffer 12 to buffer data in the operation process of the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch;
the storage control module 113 is electrically connected with the data storage 13, and is used for controlling the data storage 13 to store configuration information of the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch;
the configuration module 115 is used for reading configuration information from the data memory 13 through the memory control module 113;
the optical port control module 116 is configured to configure the corresponding optical port into a point-to-point working mode or a point-to-multipoint working mode according to the configuration information;
the switching module 111 is used for controlling data interaction between the optical ports.
When the switch is connected to the computer through the USB interface 14, the computer may modify the switch configuration, at which point the configuration module 115 updates the configuration information while writing new configuration information to the data storage 13 through the storage control module 113. When the switch is not connected to the computer through the USB interface 14 and works independently, the configuration information is read from the data memory 13 by the configuration module 115 after power-on through the storage control module 113, so as to configure the working mode of the switch.
In one embodiment, each optical port control module 116 includes a first gating module 1163, a point-to-point optical port control module 1161, a point-to-multipoint optical port control module 1162, and a second gating module 1164;
each of the point-to-point optical port control module 1161 and the point-to-multipoint optical port control module 1162 is connected to the switch module 111 through the first gating module 1163; each point-to-point optical port control module 1162 and each point-to-multipoint optical port control module 1162 are connected with the optical port 15 through a second gating module 1164;
the first gating module 1163 and the second gating module 1164 access the point-to-point optical port control module 1161 between the switching module 111 and the optical port according to the configuration information read by the configuration module 115, and configure the corresponding optical port 15 into a point-to-point working mode; or (b)
The first gating module 1163 and the second gating module 1164 access the point-to-multipoint optical interface control module 1162 between the switching module 111 and the optical interface according to the configuration information read by the configuration module 115, and configure the corresponding optical interface 15 into a point-to-multipoint operation mode.
The operation modes of each optical port control module 116 may be independently configured without affecting each other, but each optical port 15 is only allowed to be configured in one of the point-to-point operation mode or the point-to-multipoint operation mode at the same time.
In addition, regardless of the mode in which each optical port control module 116 is configured, the mechanism by which it communicates data through the switching module 111 is consistent, and the data of one device is sent to other devices through a time division multiple access mechanism. Thus, regardless of the mode in which an optical port 15 is configured, devices connected to that optical port 15 are able to communicate through the switch with devices connected to the switch on any of the mode ports.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of devices form a hybrid topology connection through the switch of the present invention. The switch optical ports a and d are configured to be in a point-to-multipoint working mode, and the switch optical ports b and c are configured to be in a point-to-point working mode.
The device 11, the device 12 and the device 13 are simultaneously connected to the optical port a through the optical fiber coupler 2 to form a bus type subnet; the devices 41, 42, 43, 44 and 45 are simultaneously connected to the optical port d via the optical fiber coupler 2, forming a bus-type subnetwork. Device 2 is connected point-to-point to optical port b and device 3 is connected point-to-point to optical port c. The inside of 4 optical ports on the switch are connected through the switching module 111 to perform data exchange, the 2 bus-type subnets, the device 2 and the device 3 respectively form a switching-type network, and the two bus-type subnets and the two switching-type networks realize the connection of a mixed topological structure.
In the interior of the switch, no matter what working mode the 4 optical ports are configured into, data exchange is carried out between the 4 optical ports through a unified mechanism, so that any devices in the hybrid topology network can communicate with each other.
For example, the device 11 in the same bus-type subnet sends data to the device 13, the data is transferred to the switching module 111 after entering the optical port a, the switching module 111 searches the address to find that the destination device is under the optical port a, and forwards the data to the optical port a, and the optical port a sends the data to the device 13 through a time division multiple access mechanism in the bus-type subnet.
The device 12 in the different bus-type subnetwork sends data to the device 45, the data is transferred to the exchange module 111 after entering the optical port a, the exchange module 111 searches the address to find that the destination device is under the optical port d, and the data is forwarded to the optical port d, and the optical port d sends the data to the device 45 through a time division multiple access mechanism in the bus-type subnetwork.
The device 2 directly accessing the switched network sends data to the device 41 under the bus-type subnetwork, the data is transferred to the switching module 111 after entering the optical port b, the switching module 111 searches the address to find that the destination device is under the optical port d, and forwards the data to the optical port d, and the optical port d sends the data to the device 45 through a time division multiple access mechanism in the bus-type subnetwork.
The device 42 under the bus subnetwork sends data to the device 3 directly accessing the switching network, the data enters the optical port b4 and is transferred to the switching module 111, the switching module 111 searches the address to find that the destination device is at the optical port d3, and forwards the data to the optical port c, and the optical port c sends the data to the device 3.
The invention can connect a plurality of small bandwidth devices to the same optical port on the optical fiber switch at the same time, thereby avoiding the problem that bandwidth waste is easy to be caused when the bandwidth required by one device is much smaller than the bandwidth provided by the optical port of the switch. Meanwhile, the invention can improve the bandwidth utilization efficiency of the exchanger; the number of the optical ports of the exchanger is saved, and the volume power consumption is reduced; optical cables required by connection are saved, and wiring is simplified. The method can be suitable for the scene of the automobile electronic system, which has strict constraint on the volume and the power consumption of electronic equipment or cables.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A vehicle-mounted fabric switch supporting a hybrid topology, comprising: a switch body and an optical fiber coupler;
the switch body is provided with a plurality of optical ports, and each optical port is connected with one large bandwidth device or a plurality of small bandwidth devices according to the bandwidth required by each device in the vehicle;
a plurality of small bandwidth devices are connected to the same optical port through the optical fiber coupler;
each device in the vehicle and the switch body form a hybrid topology structure network;
the switch body is used for configuring the working mode of the optical port into a point-to-point working mode or a point-to-multipoint working mode and controlling data interaction among devices in the vehicle;
a circuit board is arranged in the switch body, and a processor, a data buffer and a data memory are integrated on the circuit board; the processor is respectively and electrically connected with the data buffer, the data memory and the optical ports;
the processor is integrated with a control module; the control module comprises an exchange module, a cache control module, a storage control module, a configuration module and a plurality of optical port control modules;
the switching module is respectively and electrically connected with the cache control module, the storage control module and the optical port control module; the optical port control modules are consistent in number with the optical ports and are electrically connected in one-to-one correspondence; the configuration module is respectively and electrically connected with the storage control module and the optical port control module;
the buffer control module is electrically connected with the data buffer and is used for controlling the data buffer to buffer data in the running process of the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch;
the storage control module is electrically connected with the data memory and is used for controlling the data memory to store configuration information of the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch;
the configuration module is used for reading configuration information from the data memory through the storage control module;
the optical port control module is used for configuring the corresponding optical port into a point-to-point working mode or a point-to-multipoint working mode according to the configuration information;
each optical port control module comprises a first gating module, a point-to-point optical port control module, a point-to-multipoint optical port control module and a second gating module;
each point-to-point optical port control module and each point-to-multipoint optical port control module are connected with the exchange module through the first gating module; each point-to-point optical port control module and each point-to-multipoint optical port control module are connected with the optical port through the second gating module;
the first gating module accesses the point-to-point optical port control module to the exchange module according to the configuration information read by the configuration module; the second gating module accesses the point-to-point optical port control module into the optical port according to the configuration information read by the configuration module, and configures the corresponding optical port into a point-to-point working mode; or (b)
The first gating module accesses the point-to-multipoint optical port control module to the switching module according to the configuration information read by the configuration module; the second gating module accesses the point-to-multipoint optical port control module into the optical port according to the configuration information read by the configuration module, and configures the corresponding optical port into a point-to-multipoint working mode.
2. The vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology according to claim 1, wherein the circuit board is further integrated with a USB interface; the control module further comprises a USB control module; the USB control module is electrically connected with the USB interface; the USB interface is used for connecting a computer; the computer modifies the configuration information of the configuration module through the USB interface, and the storage control module writes the updated configuration information into the data memory for storage.
3. A hybrid topology capable vehicle-mounted fabric switch as recited in claim 1, wherein each of said optical ports is only allowed to be configured in one of a point-to-point mode of operation or a point-to-multipoint mode of operation at the same time.
4. The vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting hybrid topology of claim 1, wherein each of said optical ports comprises an optical transceiver and an ethernet PHY chip; the Ethernet PHY chip is electrically connected with the optical transceiver and the processor respectively.
5. A hybrid topology capable vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch as recited in claim 1, wherein the optical port transmits data from one device to another device via a time division multiple access mechanism.
6. The vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting hybrid topology according to claim 1, wherein devices connected on the optical ports configured for point-to-point mode of operation directly access a switched network; devices connected on the optical ports configured for point-to-multipoint mode of operation access the bus network.
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