CN104796199A - Design method for realizing high-speed data bus by optical fiber channel - Google Patents
Design method for realizing high-speed data bus by optical fiber channel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104796199A CN104796199A CN201410020440.3A CN201410020440A CN104796199A CN 104796199 A CN104796199 A CN 104796199A CN 201410020440 A CN201410020440 A CN 201410020440A CN 104796199 A CN104796199 A CN 104796199A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a design method for realizing a high-speed data bus by an optical fiber channel, comprising an Ethernet passive optical network configuration method, a three-layer exchange mechanism, a topology of optical fiber bus design, a bus controller, an access unit, a photoelectric conversion module, a light splitter, and an optical fiber. Before the invention, technologies related to an optical fiber high-speed data transmission bus use foreign standards, and as the technologies and chips for realizing the technologies belong to the scope of embargo of the west to China, China could not directly use the standards. According to the invention, a new method is used to replace a similar foreign technology, and an optical fiber high-speed data transmission bus product standard system of our own is established, so that the optical fiber high-speed data transmission bus technology can be widely applied to spaceflight, aviation, war industry, electronic industry and other fields.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic information and the sciemtifec and technical sphere that communicates, relate to a kind of adopt optical-fibre channel to realize high speed data bus method for designing and principle.
Background technology
1. Ethernet passive optical network (Ethernet Passive Optical Network, EPON)
Ethernet passive optical network is a kind of using optical fiber as transmission medium, is the network of upper layer transport protocol with Ethernet protocol.It is made up of four parts: optical line terminal (Optical LineTerminal, OLT), optical network unit (Optical Network Unit, ONU), passive optical splitters (Passive Optical Splitter, POS), optical fiber (Optical Line).Optical line terminal OLT complete each access ONU between exchanges data and control; Optical network unit ONU completes the switching with subscriber equipment, and optical splitter completes the shunt of light path; Optical fiber is the passage of transfer of data; Ethernet passive optical network is a kind of novel broadband access technology, and its purposes realizes the access of fiber-to-the-home broadband internet.Compared with Ethernet switch, it has following characteristics:
Transmission rate is high: directly link subscriber equipment by optical fiber, can realize the bandwidth reaching 1Gbps.
-adopting time division multiplexed scheme: control unit carries out the mechanism according to time interval distribute data transmitting rights to the subscriber equipment of access.This mechanism avoids the media access control method adopted in Ethernet---CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with CollisionDetection, collision detection carrier sense multiple is accessed).This is a kind of uncertainty or the randomness communication mode of Ethernet regulation.Its basic functional principle is: when certain node will send message, first monitor network, as network busy, then till waiting until its free time, otherwise will send immediately, and continues to monitor network simultaneously; If two or more nodes listen is to network idle and when sending message, will collide, node stops transmission immediately, and resends after waiting for the time of one section of random-length simultaneously simultaneously.16 collision rift, stopping sends and returns failure information to node microprocessor by controller.When network load is higher, what Ethernet existed has thisly collided into subject matter, because it greatly have impact on data throughout and the transmission delay of Ethernet, and causes the decline of Ethernet actual performance.Due at a series of collision rift, message may be lost, and the communication therefore between node and node cannot be protected.This CSMA/CD media access mechanisms of Ethernet result in " uncertainty " of Internet Transmission time delay and communication response.After adopting time-division multiplex technology, network, according to distribute data transmission time predetermined time interval, just can avoid information collision.
Long transmission distance: because optical fiber adopts passive mode of operation, transmission range can reach 20 kilometers.
There is QOS mechanism: can control according to the requirement configuration preference level of user side.
Star-like, bus-type and ring topology can be adopted.
2. Ethernet L3 Switching
In Ethernet protocol, " three layers " of L3 Switching to refer to below OSI (open system interconnection) seven layer reference model three layers.OSI Reference Model is the model that International Organization for standardization proposes to solve the interconnected of different system, and computer network is divided into seven levels by function by it, the seven layer model in network service that Here it is or seven-layer structure, and each layer title as shown in Figure 1.
(a) ground floor---physical layer
Physical layer equipment is the Signal transmissions of the network equipment of lowest level, primary responsibility reality, i.e. bit stream.For physical layer equipment, it is only familiar with bit stream, does not recognize MAC Address, IP address.
B () second layer---data in link layer link layer is responsible for setting up data link on two main frames and is connected, to physical layer transmission Frame, and carry out process to signal and make it zero defect and reasonably transmit.Layer 2 switch can only connect the computer of IP address in same subnet, if the IP address of computer is in different subnets, even if be connected on the port of same switch, although close at hand, can not intercom mutually, because present computer is intercomed mutually by IP address, and switch can not identify IP address.
(c) third layer---network layer
Network layer primary responsibility route, namely selects the function in suitable path.The router often used in network is exactly typical network layer device, and it can identify three layer address in frame.Such as IP address is that the computer of " 192.168.1.1 " wants to be the compunication of " 10.1.1.2 " with IP address, because they are not in same subnet, and must by router by realizing communication.
Traditional LAN switch is a kind of two-layer network device, and it is constantly collected information in operation and removes a MAC (the Media Access Contro1) address table setting up itself.This table is quite simple, and basically understands certain MAC Address is found on which port.Like this when switch receives an Ethernet bag, it just can look over the target MAC (Media Access Control) address of this Ethernet bag, check oneself address table so that confirm should send out bag from which port.But when switch receives a unacquainted bag, if that is target MAC (Media Access Control) address is not in mac address table, switch just can be gone out this bag " diffusion ", namely send out from all of the port, just as switch receives a broadcast packet, this just exposes the weakness of conventional local area switch: effectively can not solve the problems such as broadcast, interconnection of heterogeneous networks, fail safe control.Therefore, VLAN (Virtual LocalArea Network, the VLAN) technology on switch is created.
L3 Switching (also claim MLST, or IP (Intemet Protoco1) switching technology) propose relative to traditional switching concept.As everyone knows, traditional switching technology be the second layer in OSI network standard model one by one data link layer carry out operating, and the third layer of tri-level exchange in network model achieves the high speed forward of grouping.Briefly, tri-level exchange is exactly " Layer2 switching technology+three layers forwarding ".The appearance of tri-level exchange, the subnet solved after the network segment in local area network (LAN) divides in the network segment must rely on the situation that router carries out managing, and solves conventional router low speed, the complicated network bottleneck problem caused.
An equipment with L3 Switching function, be a layer 2 switch with third layer routing function, but it is both combinations, instead of simply the hardware of router device and software is superimposed upon in LAN switch.Powerful three-tier switch can be operated in data link layer and network layer simultaneously, and according to MAC Address or IP address forwarding data bag.But it should be noted that three-tier switch can not replace router completely, because it is mainly in order to the VLAN realizing being in two different sub-networks carries out communication, instead of the pahtfinder hard being used for transfer of data is selected.
3. VLAN (VLAN)
VLAN is a kind of agreement proposed for solving the broadcast issue of Ethernet and fail safe, it adds VLAN head on the basis of ethernet frame, with VLAN ID, user is divided into less working group, the user between restriction different operating group exchanges visits, and each working group is exactly a VLAN.The benefit of VLAN to limit broadcasting area, and can form virtual workgroup, dynamic management network.
VLAN except network being divided into multiple broadcast domain, thus controls the generation of broadcast storm effectively, and topology of networks is become very flexibly outside advantage, can also be used for the mutual access between different department in net control, different website.
The appearance of vlan technology, cannot limit the problem of broadcast when carrying out local area network interconnection mainly for solving switch.This technology can be divided into a LAN LAN---the VLAN of multiple logic, each VLAN is a broadcast domain, and the inter-host communication in VLAN is just the same with in a LAN, then can not directly intercommunication between VLAN, like this, broadcasting packet is limited in a VLAN.Broadcast on limiting network, is divided into multiple VLAN and can reduces the number of devices participating in broadcast storm by network.Segmentation can prevent broadcast storm from involving whole network.VLAN can provide the mechanism setting up fire compartment wall, prevents the excessive broadcast of switching network.Use VLAN, certain switching port or user can be given some specific VLAN groups, this VLAN group can in a switching network or the multiple switch of cross-over connection, and the broadcast in a VLAN can not be delivered to outside VLAN.Equally, adjacent port can not receive the broadcast that other VLAN produce.Can reduce broadcast traffic like this, release bandwidth is applied to user, reduces the generation of broadcast.
After adopting VLAN, system and equipment can strengthen the fail safe of local area network (LAN), and the user's group containing sensitive data can be isolated with the remainder of network, thus reduce the possibility of the information that discloses secrets to.Message in different VLAN is mutually isolated when transmitting, and the user namely in a VLAN with the user's direct communication in other VLAN, if different VLAN will communicate, then can not need by the three-layer equipment such as router or three-tier switch.
Summary of the invention
The present invention combines Ethernet passive optical network technology and tri-level exchange, produces a kind of new technology-optical-fibre channel high speed data bus.Characteristic and the technical indicator of optical-fibre channel high speed data bus are as follows:
The topological structure of-bus has hub-and-spoke configuration, bus-type redundancy structure, three kinds, bus-type nonredundancy structure, sees accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3, accompanying drawing 4;
Real Data Exchangs is carried out between-access device;
-bus data transfer bandwidth: 1Gbps;
-bus control unit arranges four light mouths, each smooth port transmission bandwidth 1Gbps;
-each light mouth arranges an optical splitter, can separate 16 road optical fiber, each Fiber connection access card;
-passive fiber transmits, and remote equipment access distance can reach 20 kilometers;
-support 100-M network Ethernet and RS232/485 interface;
-access device number: 64, can expand as required;
-support VLAN (VLAN) number 4094;
-dynamic assignment can be carried out to the upstream and downstream bandwidth of access device;
-support two priority classes (QOS): QOS configuration end to end;
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: provide a kind of new optical-fibre channel high speed data bus method for designing, solves in present all kinds of bus and requires that large bandwidth transmits the problem of data.Replace copper cash with optical fiber and have two advantages: the first, optical fiber is passive transmission, there is not the problem of electromagnetic interference, and the reliability of data transmission channel is high; The second, data transfer bandwidth is high, and the bandwidth of common status bus is generally several million (M) per second bit, and the bandwidth of Optical Fiber Transmission can accomplish several gigabit (G) bit per second.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 network seven-layer structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 fiber buss hub-and-spoke configuration topological diagram;
Fig. 3 fiber buss redundancy structure topological diagram;
Fig. 4 fiber buss nonredundancy structural topology figure;
Fig. 5 L3 Switching Mode bus controller architecture figure;
Embodiment
The present invention devises one group of device, and its topological structure is as accompanying drawing 2, and accompanying drawing 3, shown in accompanying drawing 4., this device is made up of four parts: bus control unit, optical splitter, optical fiber and access card.Bus control unit completes exchanges data between each access device and control; Optical splitter completes the shunt of light path; Optical fiber is the passage of transfer of data; Access card completes the switching between bus and access device.Any one access device can carry out broadband data communication with another access device, realizes the function of exchange of data/address bus.
1. bus control unit
L3 Switching pattern: be made up of optical line terminal (OLT) and three-tier switch, its connected mode is as accompanying drawing 5, and this pattern is applicable to the transfer of data of large bandwidth.Data from access card realize data retransmission by three-tier switch.
2. access card
Be made up of optical network unit (ONU).Be provided with 100-M network Ethernet to be connected with subscriber equipment with RS232/485 interface.
3. optical splitter
A passive optical splitters Ke Ba mono-road optical fiber is divided into 16 tunnels along separate routes, each shunt Fiber connection fibre circuit unit (ONU).
4. optical fiber
Passive fiber, downstream wavelength 1490nm, Add/drop wavelength 1310nm, its transmission range can reach 20 kilometers.
Claims (1)
1. adopt optical-fibre channel to realize a method for designing for high speed data bus, it is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) configuration of Ethernet passive optical network: the data transmission channel between bus control unit and access card is set up in employing VLAN (VLAN);
(2) L3 Switching mechanism: needing the exchanges data transmitted between difference net end to be realized by L3 Switching, and connection between OLT and configuration.
(3) fiber buss design topological diagram: the topological structure of bus has hub-and-spoke configuration, bus-type redundancy structure, three kinds, bus-type nonredundancy structure, sees Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4.
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| CN201410020440.3A CN104796199A (en) | 2014-01-17 | 2014-01-17 | Design method for realizing high-speed data bus by optical fiber channel |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108833243A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-16 | 浙江大学 | A kind of high speed optical data bus based on passive optic bus technology |
| CN114301853A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-08 | 率为科技(北京)有限责任公司 | Support on-vehicle fiber switch of mixed topological structure |
-
2014
- 2014-01-17 CN CN201410020440.3A patent/CN104796199A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108833243A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-16 | 浙江大学 | A kind of high speed optical data bus based on passive optic bus technology |
| CN108833243B (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2020-05-29 | 浙江大学 | High-speed optical data bus based on passive optical bus technology |
| CN114301853A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-08 | 率为科技(北京)有限责任公司 | Support on-vehicle fiber switch of mixed topological structure |
| CN114301853B (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-11-10 | 率为科技(北京)有限责任公司 | Vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting hybrid topology structure |
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