CN114301853A - Support on-vehicle fiber switch of mixed topological structure - Google Patents
Support on-vehicle fiber switch of mixed topological structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology structure, which comprises: the switch comprises a switch body and an optical fiber coupler; the switch body is provided with a plurality of optical ports, and each optical port is connected with one large-bandwidth device or a plurality of small-bandwidth devices according to the bandwidth required by each device in the vehicle; a plurality of small bandwidth devices are connected to the same optical port through the optical fiber coupler; each device in the vehicle and the switch body form a mixed type topological structure network; the switch body is used for configuring the working mode of the optical port into a point-to-point working mode or a point-to-multipoint working mode and controlling data interaction among all devices in the vehicle. In the invention, each optical port can support point-to-point full duplex connection or point-to-multipoint passive coupling connection, and respectively support the connection of an exchange type topological structure and a bus type topological structure between devices; the bandwidth utilization efficiency of the switch can be improved, the number of optical ports is saved, and the volume consumption is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent automobile electronics, in particular to a vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topological structure.
Background
With the development of intellectualization of automobiles, safety systems and driving assistance systems carried by automobile electronic systems have deployed a lot of sensors and processors in automobiles, and the automobile electronic systems are required to provide higher capacity data networks to support data exchange among devices. Especially for future unmanned vehicles, a plurality of laser radars, high-definition cameras, millimeter wave radars and positioning systems are carried on the unmanned vehicles, the data exchange amount between the sensing equipment and a vehicle-mounted computer is huge, and the traditional vehicle-mounted network is difficult to meet the requirements.
The new generation of mainstream automobile electronic Network is mainly based on a Time Sensitive Network (TSN) architecture, and is based on a switched ethernet, and introduces a Time synchronization and Time trigger mechanism, so as to provide a large-capacity and low-delay vehicle-mounted Network system for an automobile electronic system. In such a switched network, devices are interconnected via switches to achieve point-to-point data exchange.
At present, a common automotive electronics switch is a cable switch, and a new generation of automotive switches are developing towards optical fiber switches, because the capacity of a single medium for optical fiber transmission is larger, the electromagnetic compatibility is strong, the common automotive electronics switch is beneficial to simplifying wiring in an automobile and improving the electromagnetic environment in the automobile, and the common automotive electronics switch is very suitable for a system with short space and high wiring harness density, such as automotive electronics.
When the optical fiber switch is used for connecting equipment, each equipment corresponds to one optical port of the switch. In an automotive electronic system, the required bandwidth of each device is different, and a large bandwidth device connected to an optical port of an optical fiber switch can fully utilize the large bandwidth of the optical port of the optical fiber switch, but when a small bandwidth device is connected to the optical port of the optical fiber switch, the actually used bandwidth is much smaller than the bandwidth provided by the optical port, so that the bandwidth of the optical fiber switch is wasted.
Therefore, it is an urgent need to solve the problem of the art to provide a vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch capable of simultaneously connecting a plurality of small-bandwidth devices to the same optical port of the optical fiber switch to avoid the waste of the bandwidth.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology structure, where each optical port can support a point-to-point full duplex connection or a point-to-multipoint passive coupling connection, and respectively support an inter-device switched topology structure connection and a bus topology structure connection.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an onboard fiber optic switch supporting a hybrid topology, comprising: the switch comprises a switch body and an optical fiber coupler;
the switch body is provided with a plurality of optical ports, and each optical port is connected with one large-bandwidth device or a plurality of small-bandwidth devices according to the bandwidth required by each device in the vehicle;
a plurality of small bandwidth devices are connected to the same optical port through the optical fiber coupler;
each device in the vehicle and the switch body form a mixed type topological structure network;
the switch body is used for configuring the working mode of the optical port into a point-to-point working mode or a point-to-multipoint working mode and controlling data interaction among all devices in the vehicle.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, each optical port of the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting the hybrid topology structure can be configured to be in a point-to-point full-duplex working mode or a point-to-multipoint medium sharing working mode. In the point-to-point working mode, the equipment connected with the optical interface solely shares the whole bandwidth provided by the optical interface; in the point-to-multipoint mode of operation, multiple devices may be simultaneously connected to the optical port through passive fiber optic coupler 2, sharing the bandwidth provided by the optical port under the control of the optical port.
The equipment connected on the optical port configured in a point-to-point working mode is directly accessed to the switched network; devices connected to an optical interface configured for point-to-multipoint operation are accessed into a bus network because they need to share the transmission medium with other devices connected to the same optical interface. In the switch of the present invention, regardless of the operation mode to which each optical port is configured, the data exchange and forwarding mechanism between them is uniform, that is, an optical port configured as a point-to-point or point-to-multipoint operation mode can forward the received data to any optical port in any operation mode. Therefore, any two devices which are directly accessed to the switch exchange type network of the switch and accessed to the switch exchange type network of the switch through the bus type network can be communicated with each other, and the support to the switch type and bus type mixed topology structure network is realized.
Meanwhile, the working mode of each optical port is independently configured, and the bandwidth requirement of the equipment connected according to actual needs and the topological structure requirement of networking can be flexibly adjusted.
By adopting the invention, a plurality of small-bandwidth devices can be simultaneously connected to the same optical port on the optical fiber switch, and the problem that bandwidth waste is easily caused when the bandwidth required by one device is much smaller than the bandwidth provided by the optical port of the switch is avoided. The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the bandwidth utilization efficiency of the switch is improved;
2. the number of optical ports of the switch is saved, and the volume power consumption is reduced;
3. optical cables required by connection are saved, and wiring is simplified.
The invention can be suitable for the scene of an automobile electronic system, which has strict constraints on the volume and the power consumption of electronic equipment or cables.
Preferably, in the above vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting the hybrid topology, a circuit board is disposed inside the switch body, and a processor, a data buffer and a data memory are integrated on the circuit board; the processor is electrically connected with the data buffer, the data memory and each optical port respectively.
Preferably, in the above vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting the hybrid topology, the processor is integrated with a control module; the control module comprises a switching module, a cache control module, a storage control module, a configuration module and a plurality of optical port control modules;
the switching module is electrically connected with the cache control module, the storage control module and the optical interface control module respectively; the number of the optical port control modules is consistent with that of the optical ports, and the optical port control modules are electrically connected in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the configuration module is electrically connected with the storage control module and the optical port control module respectively;
the cache control module is electrically connected with the data cache and is used for controlling the data cache to cache data in the running process of the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch;
the storage control module is electrically connected with the data memory and is used for controlling the data memory to store the configuration information of the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch;
the configuration module is used for reading configuration information from the data memory through the storage control module;
the optical port control module is used for configuring the corresponding optical port into a point-to-point working mode or a point-to-multipoint working mode according to configuration information;
the exchange module is used for controlling data interaction between the optical ports.
When the switch works independently, after the switch is powered on, the configuration module reads the configuration information from the data memory through the storage control module, and configures the working mode of the switch.
Preferably, in the above vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting the hybrid topology, the circuit board is further integrated with a USB interface; the control module also comprises a USB control module; the USB control module is electrically connected with the USB interface; the USB interface is used for connecting a computer; the computer modifies the configuration information of the configuration module through the USB interface, and the storage control module writes the updated configuration information into the data storage for storage.
When the switch is connected to the computer through the USB interface, the computer can modify the configuration information of the switch, at the moment, the configuration module updates the configuration information, and writes the updated configuration information into the data memory through the storage control module.
Preferably, in the above vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting the hybrid topology structure, each of the optical port control modules includes a first gating module, a point-to-point optical port control module, a point-to-multipoint optical port control module, and a second gating module;
each point-to-point optical port control module and each point-to-multipoint optical port control module are connected with the switching module through the first gating module; each point-to-point optical port control module and each point-to-multipoint optical port control module are connected with the optical port through the second gating module;
the first gating module accesses the point-to-point optical port control module to the switching module according to the configuration information read by the configuration module; the second gating module accesses the point-to-point optical port control module into the optical port according to the configuration information read by the configuration module, and configures the corresponding optical port into a point-to-point working mode; or
The second gating module accesses the point-to-multipoint optical port control module to the switching module according to the configuration information read by the configuration module; the second gating module accesses the point-to-multipoint optical port control module to the optical port according to the configuration information read by the configuration module, and configures the corresponding optical port to be in a point-to-multipoint working mode.
Preferably, in the above vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting the hybrid topology, each of the optical ports is allowed to be configured in only one of a point-to-point operation mode and a point-to-multipoint operation mode at the same time.
The working mode of each optical port control module can be independently configured without influencing each other, but each optical port only allows one working mode which is configured to be point-to-point or point-to-multipoint at the same time.
The mechanism for transferring data through the switching module is consistent no matter what operation mode each optical port control module is configured to, so that no matter what operation mode an optical port is configured to, a device connected to the optical port can communicate with a device connected to the switch and on the optical port in any operation mode.
Preferably, in the above vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting the hybrid topology, each of the optical ports includes an optical transceiver and an ethernet PHY chip; the Ethernet PHY chip is electrically connected with the optical transceiver and the processor respectively.
Preferably, in the above vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting the hybrid topology, the optical port transmits data of a certain device to other devices through a time division multiple access mechanism.
Preferably, in the above vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting the hybrid topology, the device connected to the optical port configured in the point-to-point operating mode is directly connected to the switched network; and the equipment connected to the optical port in the point-to-multipoint working mode is accessed into the bus network.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hardware connection inside the switch body according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control module provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch supporting a hybrid topology, including: the switch comprises a switch body 1 and an optical fiber coupler 2;
the switch body 1 is provided with a plurality of optical ports, and each optical port is connected with one large-bandwidth device or a plurality of small-bandwidth devices according to the bandwidth required by each device in the vehicle;
a plurality of small bandwidth devices are connected to the same optical port through the optical fiber coupler 2;
each device in the vehicle and the switch body 1 form a mixed type topological structure network;
the switch body 1 is used for configuring the working mode of the optical port into a point-to-point working mode or a point-to-multipoint working mode and controlling data interaction among various devices in the vehicle.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of hardware connection inside the switch body 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, specifically, a circuit board is disposed inside the switch body 1, and a processor 11, a data buffer 12, a data storage 13, a USB interface 14, and a plurality of optical ports are integrated on the circuit board; the processor 11 is electrically connected to the data buffer 12, the data memory 13, the USB interface 14 and each optical port. Each optical port 15 includes an optical transceiver 152 and an ethernet PHY chip 151; the ethernet PHY chip 151 is electrically connected to the optical transceiver 152 and the processor 11 respectively
The optical port 15 is used for connecting and connecting various network devices in the vehicle, the USB interface 14 is used for connecting a computer, the data buffer 12 is used for buffering data in the running process of the switch, and the data memory 13 is used for storing configuration information of the switch.
As shown in fig. 3, a control module is integrated on the processor 11; the control module comprises a switching module 111, a cache control module 112, a storage control module 113, a configuration module 115, a USB control module 114 and a plurality of optical interface control modules;
the switching module 111 is electrically connected to the cache control module 112, the storage control module 113, and the optical interface control module, respectively; the USB control module 114 is electrically connected to the USB interface 14; the number of the optical ports control modules 116 is consistent with that of the optical ports, and the optical ports are electrically connected in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the configuration module 115 is electrically connected to the storage control module 113, the USB control module 114, and the optical port control module 116;
the cache control module 112 is electrically connected to the data cache 12, and is configured to control the data cache 12 to cache data in the operation process of the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch;
the storage control module 113 is electrically connected with the data storage 13 and is used for controlling the data storage 13 to store the configuration information of the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch;
the configuration module 115 is used for reading configuration information from the data storage 13 through the storage control module 113;
the optical port control module 116 is configured to configure the corresponding optical port into a point-to-point operating mode or a point-to-multipoint operating mode according to the configuration information;
the switching module 111 is used for controlling data interaction between the optical ports.
When the switch is connected to the computer through the USB interface 14, the computer may modify the switch configuration, at which point the configuration module 115 updates the configuration information while writing the new configuration information to the data storage 13 through the storage control module 113. When the switch is not connected to the computer through the USB interface 14 and operates independently, the configuration module 115 reads the configuration information from the data storage 13 through the storage control module 113 after power-on, and configures the operating mode of the switch.
In one embodiment, each optical port control module 116 includes a first gating module 1163, a point-to-point optical port control module 1161, a point-to-multipoint optical port control module 1162, and a second gating module 1164;
each of the point-to-point optical port control module 1161 and the point-to-multipoint optical port control module 1162 is connected to the switching module 111 through a first gating module 1163; each point-to-point optical port control module 1162 and point-to-multipoint optical port control module 1162 is connected to the optical port 15 through a second gating module 1164;
the first gating module 1163 and the second gating module 1164 access the point-to-point optical port control module 1161 between the switching module 111 and the optical port according to the configuration information read by the configuration module 115, and configure the corresponding optical port 15 in a point-to-point working mode; or
The first gating module 1163 and the second gating module 1164 access the point-to-multipoint optical port control module 1162 between the switching module 111 and the optical ports according to the configuration information read by the configuration module 115, and configure the corresponding optical ports 15 into a point-to-multipoint operating mode.
The operation mode of each optical port control module 116 can be configured independently and independently, but each optical port 15 is allowed to be configured in only one of a point-to-point operation mode or a point-to-multipoint operation mode at the same time.
In addition, regardless of the operation mode of each optical interface control module 116, the mechanism for communicating data through the switching module 111 is consistent, and data of one device is transmitted to other devices through the time division multiple access mechanism. Thus, regardless of the mode of operation of an optical port 15, a device connected to that optical port 15 can communicate with a device connected to the switch on any mode of operation port.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of devices are connected through the switch of the present invention in a hybrid topology. The optical ports a and d of the switch are configured to be in a point-to-multipoint working mode, and the optical ports b and c are configured to be in a point-to-point working mode.
The device 11, the device 12 and the device 13 are simultaneously connected to the optical port a through the optical fiber coupler 2 to form a bus-type subnet; the devices 41, 42, 43, 44 and 45 are connected to the optical port d through the fiber coupler 2 at the same time, forming a bus-type sub-network. Device 2 is connected point-to-point to port b and device 3 is connected point-to-point to port c. The interiors of 4 optical ports on the switch are connected through a switching module 111 to carry out data switching, the 2 bus-type subnets, the equipment 2 and the equipment 3 respectively form a switching-type network, and the two bus-type subnets and the two switching-type networks realize the connection of a hybrid topology structure.
Inside the switch, no matter what operation mode the 4 optical ports are configured to, they exchange data through a unified mechanism, so that any devices in the mixed topology network can communicate with each other.
For example, the device 11 in the same bus-type subnet sends data to the device 13, the data enters the optical port a and is then transmitted to the switching module 111, the switching module 111 searches for an address and finds that the destination device is located under the optical port a, the data is then forwarded to the optical port a, and the optical port a sends the data to the device 13 through a time division multiple access mechanism in the bus-type subnet.
The device 12 in the different bus type subnets sends data to the device 45, the data enters the optical port a and is then transmitted to the switching module 111, the switching module 111 searches for an address and finds that the destination device is located under the optical port d, the data is forwarded to the optical port d, and the optical port d sends the data to the device 45 through a time division multiple access mechanism in the bus type subnets.
The device 2 directly accessing the switching network sends data to the device 41 under the bus-type subnet, the data enters the optical port b and is transmitted to the switching module 111, the switching module 111 searches for an address to find that the destination device is under the optical port d, the data is transmitted to the optical port d, and the optical port d sends the data to the device 45 through a time division multiple access mechanism in the bus-type subnet.
When the device 42 under the bus subnet sends data to the device 3 directly accessing the switching network, the data entering the optical port b4 is transmitted to the switching module 111, the switching module 111 searches for an address to find that the destination device is located at the optical port d3, and forwards the data to the optical port c, which in turn sends the data to the device 3.
The invention can simultaneously connect a plurality of small-bandwidth devices to the same optical port on the optical fiber switch, thereby avoiding the problem that bandwidth waste is easily caused when the bandwidth required by one device is much smaller than the bandwidth provided by the optical port of the switch. Meanwhile, the invention can improve the utilization efficiency of the bandwidth of the switch; the number of optical ports of the switch is saved, and the volume power consumption is reduced; optical cables required by connection are saved, and wiring is simplified. The cable can be suitable for a scene of an automobile electronic system, wherein the scene has strict constraints on the volume and the power consumption of an electronic device or a cable.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. An onboard fiber optic switch supporting a hybrid topology, comprising: the switch comprises a switch body and an optical fiber coupler;
the switch body is provided with a plurality of optical ports, and each optical port is connected with one large-bandwidth device or a plurality of small-bandwidth devices according to the bandwidth required by each device in the vehicle;
a plurality of small bandwidth devices are connected to the same optical port through the optical fiber coupler;
each device in the vehicle and the switch body form a mixed type topological structure network;
the switch body is used for configuring the working mode of the optical port into a point-to-point working mode or a point-to-multipoint working mode and controlling data interaction among all devices in the vehicle.
2. The vehicular optical fiber switch supporting the hybrid topology according to claim 1, wherein a circuit board is arranged inside the switch body, and a processor, a data buffer and a data memory are integrated on the circuit board; the processor is electrically connected with the data buffer, the data memory and each optical port respectively.
3. The on-board fiber optic switch supporting a hybrid topology according to claim 2, wherein a control module is integrated on the processor; the control module comprises a switching module, a cache control module, a storage control module, a configuration module and a plurality of optical port control modules;
the switching module is electrically connected with the cache control module, the storage control module and the optical interface control module respectively; the number of the optical port control modules is consistent with that of the optical ports, and the optical port control modules are electrically connected in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the configuration module is electrically connected with the storage control module and the optical port control module respectively;
the cache control module is electrically connected with the data cache and is used for controlling the data cache to cache data in the running process of the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch;
the storage control module is electrically connected with the data memory and is used for controlling the data memory to store the configuration information of the vehicle-mounted optical fiber switch;
the configuration module is used for reading configuration information from the data memory through the storage control module;
the optical port control module is used for configuring the corresponding optical port into a point-to-point working mode or a point-to-multipoint working mode according to configuration information;
the exchange module is used for controlling data interaction between the optical ports.
4. The vehicular fiber switch supporting the hybrid topology according to claim 3, wherein a USB interface is further integrated on the circuit board; the control module also comprises a USB control module; the USB control module is electrically connected with the USB interface; the USB interface is used for connecting a computer; the computer modifies the configuration information of the configuration module through the USB interface, and the storage control module writes the updated configuration information into the data storage for storage.
5. The vehicular optical fiber switch supporting the hybrid topology according to claim 3, wherein each of the optical interface control modules comprises a first gating module, a point-to-point optical interface control module, a point-to-multipoint optical interface control module, and a second gating module;
each point-to-point optical port control module and each point-to-multipoint optical port control module are connected with the switching module through the first gating module; each point-to-point optical port control module and each point-to-multipoint optical port control module are connected with the optical port through the second gating module;
the first gating module accesses the point-to-point optical port control module to the switching module according to the configuration information read by the configuration module; the second gating module accesses the point-to-point optical port control module into the optical port according to the configuration information read by the configuration module, and configures the corresponding optical port into a point-to-point working mode; or
The second gating module accesses the point-to-multipoint optical port control module to the switching module according to the configuration information read by the configuration module; the second gating module accesses the point-to-multipoint optical port control module to the optical port according to the configuration information read by the configuration module, and configures the corresponding optical port to be in a point-to-multipoint working mode.
6. A hybrid topology capable vehicular fiber optic switch according to claim 5, wherein each of the optical ports is only allowed to be configured in one of a point-to-point mode of operation or a point-to-multipoint mode of operation at the same time.
7. The hybrid topology capable vehicular fiber optic switch of claim 2, wherein each of the optical ports comprises an optical transceiver and an ethernet PHY chip; the Ethernet PHY chip is electrically connected with the optical transceiver and the processor respectively.
8. The vehicular fiber optic switch supporting hybrid topology according to claim 1, wherein the optical port transmits data of a certain device to other devices through a time division multiple access mechanism.
9. The on-board fiber optic switch supporting hybrid topologies as claimed in claim 1, wherein the devices connected to the optical ports configured in a point-to-point mode of operation access the switched network directly; and the equipment connected to the optical port in the point-to-multipoint working mode is accessed into the bus network.
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