CN114295728A - Ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for internal defects of complex curved surface workpiece - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for internal defects of a complex curved surface workpiece, and belongs to the field of nondestructive testing. Firstly, acquiring the overall dimension of a complex curved surface workpiece, and planning a detection path of the complex curved surface workpiece to ensure that the direction of a probe is consistent with the normal vector direction of a scanning point in the scanning process; then, carrying out ultrasonic detection on the surface of the workpiece, and receiving an ultrasonic pulse echo reflection signal; and (3) shifting according to the normal vector direction of the scanning points to obtain new discrete points, constructing an imaging curved surface by using the new discrete points, simultaneously intercepting the A scanning waveform at the corresponding position, and establishing a mapping relation between the A scanning waveform and the A scanning waveform to obtain a final three-dimensional C scanning tomography image. The method optimizes the imaging effect of the defects in the complex curved surface, establishes a mapping relation between the three-dimensional coordinate point information and the ultrasonic echo data when the probe is scanned, avoids the distortion and dislocation of the defect shape, and realizes the accurate representation of the defect position.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a three-dimensional imaging method for internal defects of a complex curved surface workpiece, in particular to an ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for the internal defects of the complex curved surface workpiece, and belongs to the field of nondestructive testing.
Background
With the continuous progress of science and technology, various industries have also been developed greatly, especially in the field of manufacturing industry. Under the continuous application background of new processes such as Additive Manufacturing (AM), superplastic forming/diffusion bonding (SPF-DB) and the like, the quality control of new process products provides new challenges for nondestructive testing, and is mainly reflected in the acoustic characterization of conventional metal materials, composite materials and other novel materials on the surface and the inside. The defects that the interior of various workpieces such as workpieces with simple shapes (such as flat plates and pipes) and workpieces with complex shapes (such as free curved surfaces) exceeds the standard can exist, and the existence of the defects can cause potential accident risks to related fields. Therefore, these workpiece materials require strict safety precautions to be properly used. The ultrasonic imaging detection technology is a detection means for judging the structure, property and state of an object to be detected by using the change of response to ultrasonic waves caused by defects or material structure abnormality under the condition of not damaging the object to be detected. However, with the continuous development of manufacturing technology, the traditional ultrasonic imaging detection technology is limited to workpieces with conventional shapes, the detection efficiency is low, and the nondestructive detection requirement of workpieces with complex curved surface configurations cannot be met. Current ultrasound imaging detection techniques also appear increasingly limited.
The skin of the space shuttle belongs to a complex curved surface workpiece, and the state of the skin directly influences the performance and the service life of the whole shuttle. For the detection of the skin of the space shuttle, the skin surface is a complex curved surface, so that the ultrasonic scanning is difficult and the imaging representation form is limited. The company Panametrics in the united states developed a large curved surface ultrasonic automatic scanning system with an ARGUS robot arm double-beam structure. An Ultrasonic automatic detection System (Multi Aix Ultrasonic System) developed by Nukem Nutronik, Germany can realize the contour tracing of a curved surface, but needs to be completed by programming control of a detector. The U.S. MATEC company develops an ultrasonic automatic detection system for workpieces with complex curved surface shapes, can generate a scanning path track of an ultrasonic probe through a CAD (computer-aided design) model or a teaching method of the workpieces to be detected, and runs a track program to finish the ultrasonic detection of the workpieces. The laser ultrasonic imaging detection is carried out on the composite material laminated board by utilizing the laser ultrasonic technology, the pulse echo type and pulse transmission type methods are adopted for experimental detection research, the propagation path rule of the laser ultrasonic at the edge layering part of the composite material laminated board is analyzed, the laser ultrasonic characterization method of the layering defect is summarized, and the shape and the spatial position of the defect can be accurately distinguished. But the quality evaluation of the ultrasonic C scanning technology at the present stage mainly focuses on the drawing and enhancing of a two-dimensional color map.
Aiming at the current technical situation, a characterization method of the defects of the complex curved surface workpiece needs to be further developed, and the ultrasonic probe and the mechanical scanning device are fully utilized to realize the tomography of the internal defects of the complex curved surface workpiece.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a three-dimensional imaging method for matching ultrasonic echo information of internal defects of a curved surface workpiece with three-dimensional coordinate data of the curved surface workpiece, aiming at the characterization problem of the internal defects of a skin of a space shuttle.
The invention provides a method for carrying out three-dimensional imaging during ultrasonic scanning on internal defects of a complex curved surface workpiece. Clamping an ultrasonic water immersion probe by using a six-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm to perform ultrasonic scanning on a curved surface workpiece, and simultaneously receiving probe echo data to determine the internal depth of the workpiece; meanwhile, fitting the scanned curved surface by utilizing a plurality of scanned paths, calculating normal vector information of discrete points on the scanned curved surface corresponding to the ultrasonic data acquisition points, offsetting three-dimensional coordinates of the normal vector information by a given distance according to the normal vector direction, fitting the obtained new discrete points into the curved surface, and finally obtaining a three-dimensional image of the internal defects of the complex curved surface workpiece at a proper depth. The method can solve the problem of defect dislocation during defect imaging of the complex curved surface workpiece, and can achieve the purpose of accurate measurement of the shape and position of the defect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that reflected echo data and scanning point location information of an ultrasonic probe in the scanning process are utilized to be calculated and processed, and the shape and the position of the defect in the complex curved surface are finally obtained. The mechanical arm is connected with the ultrasonic water immersion probe, the ultrasonic water immersion probe is connected with the signal excitation/receiving source and the oscilloscope, and the oscilloscope is connected with the upper computer and transmits the acquired signals to the upper computer.
An ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for internal defects of a complex curved surface workpiece utilizes a mechanical arm to clamp an ultrasonic probe to carry out ultrasonic detection on the complex curved surface workpiece, and the method comprises the following specific implementation steps:
s1, acquiring the overall dimension of the complex curved surface workpiece, and planning a detection path of the complex curved surface workpiece to ensure that the direction of the probe is consistent with the normal vector direction of a scanning point (workpiece surface) in the scanning process;
s2, carrying out ultrasonic detection on the surface of the workpiece and receiving ultrasonic pulse echo reflection signals;
and S3, shifting according to the normal vector direction of the scanning points to obtain new discrete points, constructing an imaging curved surface by using the new discrete points, simultaneously intercepting the A scanning waveforms at corresponding positions, and establishing a mapping relation between the A scanning waveforms and the A scanning waveforms to obtain a final three-dimensional C scanning tomographic image.
In step S1, the complex curved surface is called a hyperboloid, that is, there is curvature change in both x and y directions, and when planning the scanning path, it is to ensure that the orientation of the probe is consistent with the normal vector of the scanning point. According to the overall dimension of a complex curved surface workpiece, a probe detection path is arranged in a mechanical arm: the method comprises the steps of firstly importing a complex curved surface model into mechanical arm simulation software, setting position parameters of the complex curved surface model to ensure that the complex curved surface model conforms to the position of an actual workpiece, then setting a track plan comprising scanning speed, scanning direction, stepping distance and the like, and finally setting scanning acoustic distance to ensure that ultrasonic echo signals can be received.
The ultrasonic detection path is composed of a plurality of discrete scanning points, a set path program is led into the mechanical arm demonstrator, and the mechanical arm is controlled to carry out ultrasonic scanning.
In step S2, when performing ultrasonic detection, the output interface of the ultrasonic signal excitation/reception source (ultrasonic pulse transmitter/receiver) is connected to the input interface of the oscilloscope through the coaxial cable; the ultrasonic water immersion probe is connected with the transmitting/receiving end of the ultrasonic signal excitation/receiving source through a coaxial cable, and the water spraying clamp of the mechanical arm is connected with the ultrasonic water immersion probe: and a coupling agent is arranged between the ultrasonic water immersion probe and the complex curved surface workpiece. Preferably, the coupling agent is deionized water.
In step S2, the ultrasonic water immersion probe is excited by the ultrasonic signal excitation/reception source, and primary and secondary echo data (echo data of the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece) of the probe are acquired and the three-dimensional data coordinates of the probe at this time are recorded in a self-excited and self-collected mode according to the set scanning parameters.
In the scanning process of the ultrasonic probe, acquiring ultrasonic A scanning data during each excitation and recording the coordinate of the three-dimensional data at the moment; acquiring echo signals of the ultrasonic water immersion probe by using an oscilloscope, scanning in a bow-shaped manner, and storing each line of data as a data file; and recording the three-dimensional data coordinates of the ultrasonic probe during acquisition by using an upper computer (computer) in a software programming mode.
In step S3, according to the recorded three-dimensional data coordinate points during the scanning process of the probe, a normal vector of a discrete point corresponding to the data acquisition point is calculated, the discrete point is shifted according to the normal vector direction, the shift distance is the distance between the probe and the upper surface of the complex curved surface workpiece and the distance between the probe and the lower surface of the complex curved surface workpiece, and the shift interval is determined by the chromatography interval, and is generally 0.5-1.0 mm.
And performing surface fitting on the discrete points obtained by the deviation according to the normal vector direction to obtain fitted surfaces of the internal chromatography of a plurality of workpieces, wherein the newly obtained curved surfaces are consistent with the curved surfaces of the curved surface workpieces after the deviation.
Fitting three-dimensional data coordinate points in the scanning process of the probe to a scanning curved surface, extracting normal vectors corresponding to the data acquisition points on the scanning curved surface, offsetting each data acquisition point according to the normal vector direction, and performing curved surface fitting on the offset discrete points, wherein the curved surface is a three-dimensional imaging curved surface; the offset distance is determined according to the underwater acoustic distance and the chromatographic distance; the newly obtained curved surface is consistent with the curved surface of the curved surface workpiece after surface deviation.
In step S3, the thickness d of the complex curved surface workpiece measured by the probe at the detection point is determined by taking the robot arm base coordinate system as the spatial rectangular coordinate system:
d＝vt/2
wherein t is the difference value between the acquired primary echo time and the acquired secondary echo time, and v is the sound velocity of the ultrasonic wave in the complex curved surface workpiece.
In step S3, processing ultrasound scanning data stored by the oscilloscope; and performing signal interception from the upper surface to the lower surface of the curved surface workpiece on the data, establishing an imaging matrix by using the section of data, adjusting the data direction of the imaging matrix, converting the data obtained by scanning the Chinese character bow into ultrasonic B scanning data stored in the same direction, establishing a plurality of two-dimensional matrixes, and correspondingly imaging the ultrasonic data in the two-dimensional matrixes and the three-dimensional curved surface to obtain a final three-dimensional C scanning image.
The method comprises the steps of intercepting signals from the upper surface to the lower surface of a curved surface of ultrasonic scanning data stored in an oscilloscope, establishing an imaging matrix by using the section of data, establishing a mapping relation between the characteristic amplitude of the ultrasonic data in the imaging matrix and the obtained three-dimensional curved surface, establishing a three-dimensional curved surface, representing the color of the curved surface according to the characteristic amplitude of the ultrasonic data, and performing three-dimensional tomography of the internal defects of the complex curved surface workpiece.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following gain effect.
1. According to the method, the scanning point normal vector is obtained by utilizing the information of the complex curved surface workpiece model, the deviation is carried out according to the normal vector direction to obtain discrete points, the discrete points are fitted into a new curved surface, and the defect imaging is carried out on a plurality of new curved surfaces. In the prior art, only imaging of surface defects of a complex curved surface workpiece is considered, and research value of imaging of internal defects of the workpiece is ignored. The method fully utilizes the three-dimensional information of the complex curved surface model to calculate the normal vector of the scanning point, and carries out defect imaging after the scanning point is deviated.
2. The method optimizes the imaging effect of the defects in the complex curved surface, establishes a mapping relation between the three-dimensional coordinate point information and the ultrasonic echo data when the probe is scanned, avoids the distortion and dislocation of the defect shape, and realizes the accurate representation of the defect position.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a complex surface model scanned according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the ultrasonic testing principle of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a time domain waveform collected by a water immersion probe in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional tomographic image of a complex curved workpiece according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
At the present stage, more and more workpieces with complex curved surfaces exist, various standard-exceeding defects may exist in the workpieces, the defects directly affect the use of the workpieces, and whether the quality of the workpieces can continuously meet the use requirements needs to be checked by means of nondestructive testing.
The embodiment of the invention provides a three-dimensional imaging method for internal defects of a complex curved surface. Firstly, acquiring the overall dimension of a complex curved surface workpiece, and planning a detection path of the complex curved surface workpiece to ensure that the direction of a probe is consistent with the normal vector direction of the surface of the workpiece in the scanning process; secondly, carrying out ultrasonic detection on the surface of the workpiece and receiving ultrasonic pulse echo reflection signals; finally, carrying out deviation according to the normal vector direction of the scanning point to obtain a new discrete point; and constructing an imaging curved surface by using the new discrete points, simultaneously intercepting the A scanning waveform at the corresponding position, and establishing a mapping relation between the A scanning waveform and the A scanning waveform to obtain a final three-dimensional C scanning chromatographic image.
The equipment that this embodiment adopted includes 1 ultrasonic pulse emission/receiving appearance, 1 only 10MHz supersound water logging probe (ultrasonic sensor), 1 mechanical arm, 1 signal acquisition equipment (digital oscilloscope), the arm is connected with supersound water logging probe, supersound water logging probe is connected with ultrasonic pulse emission/receiving appearance, ultrasonic pulse emission/receiving appearance is connected with digital oscilloscope, digital oscilloscope and host computer connection, signal transmission to the host computer with gathering, utilize arm centre gripping ultrasonic probe to carry out ultrasonic testing to complicated curved surface work piece, the concrete implementation step is as follows:
s1, acquiring the outline dimension of the complex curved surface workpiece, as shown in figure 1; planning a detection path of the scanning point, and offsetting according to the normal vector direction of the scanning point to obtain an imaging curved surface;
the complex curved surface is also called as a hyperboloid, namely, curvature changes exist in the x direction and the y direction, and when a scanning path is planned, as shown in fig. 2, a probe scanning path program is written in mechanical arm simulation software to ensure that the orientation of the probe is consistent with the normal vector of the surface of a workpiece. The complex surface model is firstly imported into simulation software, and the position parameters of the complex surface model are set to ensure that the complex surface model conforms to the actual workpiece position. Then compiling a track planning program comprising a scanning speed, a scanning direction, a stepping distance and the like, and finally setting a scanning underwater sound distance to ensure that an ultrasonic reflection signal can be received; the path is composed of a plurality of discrete scanning points, the path program is led into the mechanical arm demonstrator, and the mechanical arm is controlled to carry out ultrasonic scanning.
Drawing a scanning path, taking a curved surface workpiece with the length of 200mm and the width of 150mm as an example, wherein the x direction is the length direction, the y direction is the width direction, the scanning range in the x direction is set to be 220mm, and the stepping distance is 0.2 mm; the y-direction scanning range was set to 170mm, and the step distance was 0.2 mm. A10 MHz ultrasonic focusing probe is selected, the diameter is 10mm, and the underwater acoustic distance is 50 mm.
S2, carrying out ultrasonic detection on the surface of the workpiece and receiving an ultrasonic pulse echo signal;
before detection, the detection equipment is installed, an output interface of an ultrasonic pulse transmitting/receiving instrument is connected with an access interface of a digital oscilloscope through a coaxial cable, the type of the ultrasonic pulse transmitting/receiving instrument can be 5800PR, an ultrasonic focusing probe is connected with a transmitting/receiving end of a pulse signal generator through the coaxial cable, an ultrasonic water immersion probe is installed on a water spraying clamp at the tail end of a mechanical arm, a complex curved surface workpiece is flatly placed in a detection water tank, and deionized water is used as a coupling agent.
The water immersion ultrasonic probe is excited by an ultrasonic signal excitation source, scanning parameters are set, a self-excitation and self-collection mode is adopted, the energy is set to be 12.5 micro-focus, and the repetition frequency is 100 Hz.
In step S2, primary and secondary echo data (echo data of the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece) of the ultrasonic probe are acquired and the three-dimensional data coordinates of the probe at that time are recorded.
In the scanning process of the ultrasonic probe, acquiring ultrasonic A scanning data during each excitation and recording the coordinate of the three-dimensional data at the moment; and acquiring primary and secondary echo signals of the ultrasonic probe by using an oscilloscope, wherein the scanning mode is bow-shaped scanning, and each line of data is stored as a data file.
During detection, a probe is fixed on a tail end clamp of a mechanical arm, a mechanical arm scanning program is started, the probe traverses each detection point, a pulse emitter generates a longitudinal wave pulse signal in the detection process, so that the probe is caused to vibrate and generate ultrasonic waves to be emitted into a complex curved surface workpiece, as shown in figure 1, the longitudinal waves generate echo signals after encountering defects in the complex curved surface workpiece and are received by a sensor, the echo signals are converted into electric signals to be received by a pulse receiver and recorded on a digital oscilloscope as time domain signals, wherein the digital oscilloscope is of a Tektronix DPO3012 type, and reproduces time domain waveforms through Skkchoice Top data acquisition software installed on a PC section, as shown in figure 3.
And S3, correspondingly imaging the ultrasonic data in the three-dimensional matrix and the three-dimensional curved surface to obtain a final C-scan image.
In order to facilitate coordinate conversion, a space rectangular coordinate system is established by taking a mechanical arm base coordinate system as a reference, three-dimensional coordinates of data acquisition points are extracted and fitted to a scanning curved surface, normal vectors of discrete points corresponding to the data acquisition points are calculated, the discrete points are shifted according to the normal vector direction, the shift distance is the distance from a probe to the upper surface of a curved surface workpiece to the distance from the probe to the lower surface of the curved surface workpiece, and the interval is 1 mm.
And carrying out surface fitting on the discrete points obtained by the deviation according to the normal vector direction to obtain a new fitted surface, wherein the newly obtained surface is consistent with the surface of the curved surface workpiece after the deviation.
The method is operated based on an MATLAB platform, firstly acquired ultrasonic data are converted into an acoustic wave characteristic value matrix through MATLAB software, a fitting curved surface is created by using a griddata function through a bi-harmonic spline interpolation method, a surfnorm function is used for extracting a normal vector of each discrete point, new coordinate points obtained after the discrete points are deflected according to the direction of the normal vector are subjected to surface fitting to obtain an imaging curved surface, and finally the imaging curved surface is matched with the acoustic wave characteristic value matrix to finish three-dimensional imaging. The method comprises the steps of firstly extracting three-dimensional coordinate information of a scanning point in a software programming mode, inserting three-dimensional scanning point data by adopting a bi-harmonic spline interpolation method, completing surface fitting by utilizing a griddata function, extracting a three-dimensional normal vector of the scanning point by analyzing the position of the scanning point on a curved surface and utilizing a surfnorm function, and performing surface fitting on a new coordinate point which is deviated according to the direction of the normal vector to obtain an imaging curved surface. And then probe echo data of each scanning point acquired by the oscilloscope is stored as an A scanning waveform, the A scanning waveform is subjected to data processing by utilizing the matrix co-dimensionality and head wave alignment principles to generate a B scanning acoustic wave characteristic matrix, and finally the B scanning characteristic matrix is layered according to the number of chromatographic layers and is subjected to C scanning imaging by utilizing a surface imaging function surf, as shown in FIG. 4.
According to the ultrasonic imaging principle, the ultrasonic probe is used for transmitting ultrasonic waves to the workpiece, the ultrasonic waves are reflected when meeting the upper surface, the lower surface and the defects in the transmission process, and the acoustic energy and the receiving time at the moment are analyzed, so that the acoustic characteristic information in the workpiece can be reflected. The invention fits the scanning path of the ultrasonic probe into a curved surface when scanning a complex curved surface workpiece, shifts the discrete points on the curved surface according to the normal vector direction thereof to obtain new discrete points, then fits the new discrete points into an imaging curved surface, simultaneously extracts the scanning signal A of the ultrasonic probe, intercepts the signal according to the shift distance of the imaging curved surface, finally matches the imaging curved surface with the corresponding scanning signal A to obtain the three-dimensional tomographic image of the complex curved surface workpiece, thereby realizing the three-dimensional imaging of the internal defects of the complex curved surface workpiece.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can substitute or change the technical solution of the present invention and the inventive concept within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for internal defects of a complex curved surface workpiece utilizes a mechanical arm to clamp an ultrasonic probe to carry out ultrasonic detection on the complex curved surface workpiece, and comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring the overall dimension of the complex curved surface workpiece, and planning a detection path of the complex curved surface workpiece to ensure that the direction of the probe is consistent with the normal vector direction of a scanning point in the scanning process;
s2, carrying out ultrasonic detection on the surface of the workpiece and receiving ultrasonic pulse echo reflection signals;
and S3, shifting according to the normal vector direction of the scanning points to obtain new discrete points, constructing an imaging curved surface by using the new discrete points, simultaneously intercepting the A scanning waveforms at corresponding positions, and establishing a mapping relation between the A scanning waveforms and the A scanning waveforms to obtain a final three-dimensional C scanning tomographic image.
2. The ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for the internal defect of the complex curved surface workpiece as recited in claim 1, characterized in that: according to the overall dimension of a complex curved surface workpiece, a probe detection path is arranged in a mechanical arm: the method comprises the steps of firstly importing a complex curved surface model into mechanical arm simulation software, setting position parameters of the complex curved surface model to ensure that the complex curved surface model conforms to the actual workpiece position, then setting a track plan comprising scanning speed, scanning direction and stepping distance, and finally setting scanning acoustic distance to ensure that ultrasonic echo signals can be received.
3. The ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for the internal defect of the complex curved surface workpiece as recited in claim 1, characterized in that: the detection path consists of a plurality of discrete scanning points, and the set path program is guided into the mechanical arm demonstrator to control the mechanical arm to carry out ultrasonic scanning.
4. The ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for the internal defect of the complex curved surface workpiece as recited in claim 1, characterized in that: when ultrasonic detection is carried out, the output interface of an ultrasonic signal excitation/receiving source is connected with the input interface of an oscilloscope through a coaxial cable; the ultrasonic water immersion probe is connected with the transmitting/receiving end of the ultrasonic signal excitation/receiving source through a coaxial cable, and the water spraying clamp of the mechanical arm is connected with the ultrasonic water immersion probe: and a coupling agent is arranged between the ultrasonic water immersion probe and the complex curved surface workpiece.
5. The ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for the internal defect of the complex curved surface workpiece as recited in claim 4, characterized in that: and (3) exciting the ultrasonic water immersion probe by using an ultrasonic signal excitation/receiving source, acquiring primary and secondary echo data of the probe and recording the three-dimensional data coordinate of the probe at the moment by adopting a self-exciting and self-receiving mode according to the set scanning parameters.
6. The ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for the internal defect of the complex curved surface workpiece as recited in claim 5, characterized in that: the ultrasonic water immersion probe acquires ultrasonic A scanning data during each excitation and records a three-dimensional data coordinate during the scanning process; acquiring echo signals of the ultrasonic water immersion probe by using an oscilloscope, scanning in a bow-shaped manner, and storing each line of data as a data file; and recording the three-dimensional data coordinates of the ultrasonic probe during acquisition by using an upper computer.
7. The ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for the internal defect of the complex curved surface workpiece as recited in claim 6, characterized in that: fitting three-dimensional data coordinate points in the scanning process of the probe to a scanning curved surface, extracting normal vectors corresponding to the data acquisition points on the scanning curved surface, offsetting each data acquisition point according to the normal vector direction, and performing curved surface fitting on the offset discrete points, wherein the curved surface is a three-dimensional imaging curved surface; the offset distance is determined according to the underwater acoustic distance and the chromatographic distance; the newly obtained curved surface is consistent with the curved surface of the curved surface workpiece after surface deviation.
8. The ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for the internal defect of the complex curved surface workpiece as recited in claim 7, characterized in that: the offset distance is the distance between the distance from the probe to the upper surface of the complex curved surface workpiece and the distance from the probe to the lower surface of the complex curved surface workpiece, and the offset interval is determined by the chromatography interval.
9. The ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for the internal defect of the complex curved surface workpiece as recited in claim 6, characterized in that: and (3) intercepting signals from the upper surface to the lower surface of the curved surface workpiece from ultrasonic scanning data stored in the oscilloscope, establishing an imaging matrix by using the section of data, adjusting the data direction of the imaging matrix, converting data obtained by scanning the bow-shaped scanning into ultrasonic B scanning data stored in the same direction, establishing a plurality of two-dimensional matrixes, and correspondingly imaging the ultrasonic data in the two-dimensional matrixes and the three-dimensional curved surface to obtain a final three-dimensional C scanning image.
10. The ultrasonic three-dimensional tomography method for the internal defect of the complex curved surface workpiece as recited in claim 9, characterized in that: and establishing a mapping relation between the ultrasonic data characteristic amplitude in the imaging matrix and the obtained three-dimensional curved surface, creating a three-dimensional curved surface, representing the color of the curved surface according to the ultrasonic data characteristic amplitude, and performing three-dimensional tomography of the internal defects of the complex curved surface workpiece.
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| CN116148277A (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-05-23 | 武汉精一微仪器有限公司 | Three-dimensional detection method, device and equipment for defects of transparent body and storage medium |
| CN116465969A (en) * | 2023-06-09 | 2023-07-21 | 曲阜市龙祥冶铸辅料有限公司 | Method for analyzing influence of using amount of molding sand powder on casting quality based on image processing |
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