CN114295457A - High-efficiency low-cost metallographic polishing method for aluminum alloy brazing composite material - Google Patents
High-efficiency low-cost metallographic polishing method for aluminum alloy brazing composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114295457A CN114295457A CN202111655330.0A CN202111655330A CN114295457A CN 114295457 A CN114295457 A CN 114295457A CN 202111655330 A CN202111655330 A CN 202111655330A CN 114295457 A CN114295457 A CN 114295457A
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- alloy brazing
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- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000861 blow drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 11
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency low-cost metallographic polishing method for an aluminum alloy brazing composite material, which comprises the following steps of: firstly, cleaning the surface of an aluminum alloy brazing material to be polished by using running water, and then carrying out secondary cleaning by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine; polishing the surface of the material by using sand paper with different meshes for 4 times in sequence until the polished surface is flat without deep scratches and gouges, wherein the abrasive material of the used sand paper is thinner than that of the used sand paper, and the amount of the abrasive material on each square inch is larger; soaking polishing cloth, coating polishing solution on the polishing cloth, and polishing the surface of the material to a mirror surface by using a polishing machine in cooperation with the polishing cloth; washing the polished surface of the aluminum alloy brazing material by flowing water, then putting the aluminum alloy brazing material into a cleaning machine for cleaning for a period of time, and drying the aluminum alloy brazing material by using a blower; and immersing the surface of the dried material into a hydrofluoric acid solution with the concentration of 0.5% for 14-15 s, when the surface of the material is fogged, washing the hydrofluoric acid solution with running water, and drying with cold air.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-efficiency low-cost metallographic polishing method for an aluminum alloy brazing composite material.
Background
Along with the development of society, the application field of the aluminum alloy brazing material is wider and wider, so that the aluminum alloy brazing material is more and more valued by people. The brazing material is formed by compounding a core material and a skin material, and the conventional aluminum alloy polishing method comprises the following steps: and corroding the diamond spray polishing agent, real silk velvet polishing cloth and 0.5% hydrofluoric acid, wherein the polishing time is 30-40 min. Although the polishing method can observe and check the welding width of the fin and the flat tube, the polishing method cannot observe the boundary between the skin material and the core material, and the polishing time is long. The post-braze state of the aluminum alloy brazing composite material cannot be accurately judged. Therefore, the high-efficiency low-cost metallographic polishing method for the aluminum alloy brazing composite material is invented, the polishing time is 10-15 min, and the boundary between the core material and the skin material of the aluminum alloy brazing composite material is very obvious when the core material and the skin material are observed under a metallographic microscope.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a high-efficiency low-cost metallographic polishing method for an aluminum alloy brazing composite material.
An efficient low-cost metallographic polishing method for an aluminum alloy brazing composite material comprises the following steps:
s1: firstly, cleaning the surface of an aluminum alloy brazing material to be polished by using running water, and then secondarily cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing material by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine;
s2: polishing the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing material by using sand paper with different meshes for 4 times in sequence until the polished surface is flat without deep scratches and gouges, wherein the abrasive material of the used sand paper is thinner than that of the used sand paper, and the amount of the abrasive material on each square inch is larger;
s3: soaking polishing cloth, cleaning the surface of the polishing cloth, coating polishing solution on the polishing cloth, and polishing the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing material to a mirror surface by using a polishing machine matched with the polishing cloth;
s4: washing the polished surface of the aluminum alloy brazing material by flowing water, then putting the aluminum alloy brazing material into a cleaning machine for cleaning for a period of time, and drying the aluminum alloy brazing material by using a blower;
s5: and immersing the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing material subjected to blow drying into a hydrofluoric acid solution with the concentration of 0.5% for 14-15 s continuously, washing the hydrofluoric acid solution by using flowing water when the surface of the material is fogged, and then drying by using cold air.
As a further improvement, the polishing solution in S3 comprises 15-30% of SiO by mass2Na with mass fraction less than or equal to 0.3 percent2O, the content of heavy metal impurities is less than or equal to 50ppb, and the balance is deionized water.
As a further improvement, the heavy metal impurity in the polishing solution is copper, which is present in the form of basic copper carbonate.
As a further improvement, SiO in the polishing solution2The particles are round and have a diameter of 1-3 μm.
As a further improvement, the polishing cloth in S3 is silk velvet polishing cloth.
As a further improvement, the rotation speed of the polishing machine in S3 is less than or equal to 200 r/min.
As a further improvement, the mesh number of the sand paper used in the 4 times of polishing in the step 2 is 280 meshes, 500 meshes, 1200 meshes and 2000 meshes in sequence.
Has the advantages that:
the method is suitable for polishing the metallographic phase of the brazed aluminum alloy composite material of different systems after brazing, has high efficiency and low cost, and can clearly distinguish the boundary of the skin material and the core material of the brazed aluminum alloy composite material. Compared with the existing metallographic polishing process, the polishing time of the invention is shortened by 15-30 min compared with the conventional polishing time, the process is stable, and the resolution effect of the welded tissue interface of the composite material is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a gold phase diagram after polishing using the method of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a gold phase diagram after polishing using the method of example 2;
FIG. 3 is a gold phase diagram after polishing using the method of example 3;
FIG. 4 is a gold phase diagram after polishing using the method of example 4;
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1: a high-efficiency low-cost metallographic polishing method for an aluminum alloy brazing composite material adopts silicon oxide suspension polishing liquid and real velvet polishing cloth. The silicon oxide suspension polishing solution comprises the following components: SiO22Content (w%) 15, Na20.1 percent of O, 30ppb of heavy metal impurity Cu and the balance of deionized water. Wherein the silica particles are circular and have a diameter of 1 μm.
The sample is a condenser core aluminum alloy brazing composite material, the core material is 3 series alloy, and the skin material is 4 series alloy. The polishing method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, cleaning the surface of an aluminum alloy brazing material by flowing water, and secondarily cleaning 180S by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine and then embedding;
(2) a metallographic sample double-disc grinding and polishing machine is used, and the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing material is roughly ground by using 280-500-mesh silicon carbide abrasive paper, wherein the speed is changed to 250r/min, so that the surface is smooth and has no large scratches;
(3) and (3) using a metallographic sample double-disc grinding and polishing machine, and sequentially adopting 1200-2000-mesh silicon carbide abrasive paper to finely polish the aluminum alloy brazing material, wherein the speed is 400 r/min. Polishing grains of the previous sand paper are ground on the surface of the abrasive paper, and the directions of the polishing grains are consistent;
(4) cleaning residual dirt on the surface of the sample by using running water, and then putting the sample into an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning for 180 seconds;
(5) polishing by using a metallographic sample double-disc polishing machine and adopting real silk velvet polishing cloth and a silicon oxide suspension polishing agent, and removing the residual lines of the silicon carbide abrasive paper in the step (3) by turning the polishing speed to 190 r/min; polishing for 10min until no polishing grain residue exists on the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing composite material; a mirror surface appears.
(6) The method comprises the steps of firstly washing the mirror surface of the aluminum alloy brazing composite material by flowing water, then washing for 180 seconds by an ultrasonic cleaning machine, and drying by a blower with cold air.
(7) Immersing the aluminum alloy brazing composite material mirror surface into 0.5% hydrofluoric acid for corrosion for 15S, enabling the mirror surface to become a fog surface, rapidly washing the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing composite material mirror surface for 10S with running water, and drying with a blower for cold air drying.
The aluminum alloy brazing composite material sample in the example 1 is placed under a metallographic microscope for observation and photographing, and as shown in fig. 1, the observation results are as follows: the material core and the skin material have obvious boundary at the fin and the welding leg.
Example 2: a high-efficiency low-cost metallographic polishing method for an aluminum alloy brazing composite material adopts silicon oxide suspension polishing liquid and real velvet polishing cloth. The silicon oxide suspension polishing solution comprises the following components: 20 percent of SiO2 (w%), 0.2 percent of Na2O, 40ppb of heavy metal impurities and the balance of deionized water. Wherein the silica particles are circular and have a diameter of 2 μm.
The sample was the same as that in example 1. The polishing method comprises the following steps:
(1) after the metallographic microscope of example 1 is observed and photographed, a metallographic sample double-disc grinding and polishing machine is used for grinding the metallographic sample on 2000-mesh silicon carbide abrasive paper at the rotating speed of 400r/min, so that the surface of the metallographic sample is free of traces corroded by hydrofluoric acid and the direction of the polished lines is consistent;
(2) cleaning residual dirt on the surface of the sample by using running water, and then putting the sample into an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning for 180 seconds;
(3) polishing by using a metallographic sample double-disc polishing machine and adopting real silk velvet polishing cloth and a silicon oxide suspension polishing agent, and removing the residual lines of the silicon carbide abrasive paper in the step (1) by turning the polishing speed to 190 r/min; polishing for 10min until no polishing grain residue exists on the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing composite material; a mirror surface appears.
The other steps are similar to those in example 1.
The aluminum alloy brazing composite material sample in the example 2 is observed and photographed under a metallographic microscope, and as shown in fig. 2, the observation results are as follows: the material core and the skin material have obvious boundary at the fin and the welding leg.
Example 3: a high-efficiency low-cost metallographic polishing method for an aluminum alloy brazing composite material adopts silicon oxide suspension polishing liquid and real velvet polishing cloth. The silicon oxide suspension polishing solution comprises the following components: 30 percent of SiO2 (w%), 0.3 percent of Na2O, 50ppb of heavy metal impurities and the balance of deionized water. Wherein the silica particles are circular and have a diameter of 3 μm.
The sample was the same as that in example 2. The polishing method comprises the following steps:
(1) after the metallographic microscope of example 2 is observed and photographed, a metallographic sample double-disc grinding and polishing machine is used for grinding the metallographic sample on 2000-mesh silicon carbide abrasive paper at the rotating speed of 400r/min, so that the surface of the metallographic sample is free of traces corroded by hydrofluoric acid and the direction of the polished lines is consistent;
(2) firstly, the residual dirt on the surface of the sample is cleaned by running water, and then the sample is put into an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning for 180S
(3) Polishing by using a metallographic sample double-disc polishing machine and adopting silk polishing cloth and 3 silicon oxide suspension polishing agent, and removing the residual lines of the silicon carbide abrasive paper in the step (1) by turning the polishing speed to 190 r/min; polishing for 10min until no polishing grain residue exists on the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing composite material; a mirror surface appears.
The other steps are similar to those in example 1.
The aluminum alloy brazing composite material sample in the example 3 is observed and photographed under a metallographic microscope, and as shown in fig. 3, the observation result is as follows: the material core and the skin material have obvious boundary at the fin and the welding leg.
Example 4: the conventional metallographic polishing method for aluminum alloy comprises the steps of spraying a polishing agent on 1-micron diamond and polishing real velvet cloth. The sample was the same as that in example 3. The polishing method comprises the following steps:
(1) after the metallographic microscope of example 3 is photographed, a metallographic sample double-disc grinding and polishing machine is used for grinding the metallographic sample on 2000-mesh silicon carbide abrasive paper at the rotating speed of 400r/min, so that the surface of the metallographic sample is free of traces corroded by hydrofluoric acid and the direction of the polished lines is consistent;
(2) cleaning residual dirt on the surface of the sample by using running water, and then putting the sample into an ultrasonic cleaning machine for cleaning for 180 seconds;
(3) polishing by using a metallographic sample double-disc polishing machine and adopting real silk velvet polishing cloth and a diamond spray polishing agent with the particle size of 1 mu m, and removing the residual lines of the silicon carbide abrasive paper in the step (1) by turning the polishing speed to 500 r/min; no polishing grain residue exists on the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing composite material within 40 min; a mirror surface appears.
The other steps are similar to those in example 1.
The aluminum alloy brazing composite material sample in the example 4 is observed and photographed under a metallographic microscope, and as shown in fig. 4, the observation results are as follows: the material core and the skin material at the fin and the weld leg are not seen with a limit.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. The high-efficiency low-cost metallographic polishing method for the aluminum alloy brazing composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: firstly, cleaning the surface of an aluminum alloy brazing material to be polished by using running water, and then secondarily cleaning the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing material by using an ultrasonic cleaning machine;
s2: polishing the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing material by using sand paper with different meshes for 4 times in sequence until the polished surface is flat without deep scratches and gouges, wherein the abrasive material of the used sand paper is thinner than that of the used sand paper, and the amount of the abrasive material on each square inch is larger;
s3: soaking polishing cloth, cleaning the surface of the polishing cloth, coating polishing solution on the polishing cloth, and polishing the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing material to a mirror surface by using a polishing machine matched with the polishing cloth;
s4: washing the polished surface of the aluminum alloy brazing material by flowing water, then putting the aluminum alloy brazing material into a cleaning machine for cleaning for a period of time, and drying the aluminum alloy brazing material by using a blower;
s5: and immersing the surface of the aluminum alloy brazing material subjected to blow drying into a hydrofluoric acid solution with the concentration of 0.5% for 14-15 s continuously, washing the hydrofluoric acid solution by using flowing water when the surface of the material is fogged, and then drying by using cold air.
2. The method for metallographic polishing of an aluminum alloy brazing composite material with high efficiency and low cost according to claim 1, wherein the polishing solution in S3 comprises the following components in percentage by mass15 to 30 percent of SiO2Na with mass fraction less than or equal to 0.3 percent2O, the content of heavy metal impurities is less than or equal to 50ppb, and the balance is deionized water.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the heavy metal impurities in the polishing solution are copper, which is in the form of basic copper carbonate.
4. The method for high-efficiency low-cost metallographic polishing of the aluminum alloy brazing composite material as recited in claim 2, wherein SiO in the polishing solution2The particles are round and have a diameter of 1-3 μm.
5. The method for high-efficiency low-cost metallographic polishing of the aluminum alloy brazing composite material according to claim 1, wherein the polishing cloth in the step S3 is silk velvet polishing cloth.
6. The method for metallographic polishing the aluminum alloy brazing composite material with high efficiency and low cost according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of a polishing machine in S3 is less than or equal to 200 r/min.
7. The method for metallographic polishing of an aluminum alloy brazing composite material with high efficiency and low cost according to claim 1, wherein the mesh number of the abrasive paper used in the polishing and grinding for 4 times in sequence in the step 2 is 280 meshes, 500 meshes, 1200 meshes and 2000 meshes.
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