CN114293514A - Comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
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Abstract
The application discloses a comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape, which comprises the following steps: step one, cleaning a river bed, and removing sludge on the surface layer of the river bed to ensure that water flows smoothly and reduce flood plain of river water; excavating a branch, namely excavating the branch at a position close to the upstream of the river or a position with higher river flow speed, wherein the branch is a serpentine river channel, the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the branch are both communicated with a main river of the river, and vegetation is planted on two sides of the branch; building a water passing dam, wherein the water passing dam is built at the position of a main trunk of a river, so that the water flow forms a height difference; step four, constructing an ecological bank protection, wherein the river bank is arranged in an inclined manner, and vegetation is planted on the river bank; and fifthly, constructing an artificial ecological floating island, wherein aquatic plants for purifying the water body are planted on the artificial ecological floating island. The ecological water quality improving method has the effects of improving ecology and improving water quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of urban inland river treatment, in particular to a comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape.
Background
Nowadays, the construction of urban ecological environment plays an important role in the development of socioeconomic performance. Since the development of economy has put a lot of pressure on the protection of urban environment, along with the increasing importance of the nation on the construction of urban environment, for example, the construction of urban ecological riverways, the restoration of urban river systems becomes one of the construction contents.
The common ecological river channel treatment method is that plants are combined with a river bank, and the effect of reinforcing and protecting the bank is achieved by planting flowers and plants on the river bank.
In view of the above-mentioned related art, the inventors found that the following drawbacks exist: although the ecological bank protection can realize the function of reinforcing the dike, the ecological diversity of the river channel is poor, and the self-purification capability of river water is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of poor ecological diversity of river channels and poor self-purification capability of river water, the application provides a comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape.
The application provides a comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape comprises the following steps:
step one, cleaning a river bed, and removing sludge on the surface layer of the river bed to ensure that water flows smoothly and reduce flood plain of river water;
excavating a branch, namely excavating the branch at a position close to the upstream of the river or a position with higher river flow speed, wherein the branch is a serpentine river channel, the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the branch are both communicated with a main river of the river, and vegetation is planted on two sides of the branch;
building a water passing dam, wherein the water passing dam is built at the position of a main trunk of a river, so that the water flow forms a height difference;
step four, constructing an ecological bank protection, wherein the river bank is arranged in an inclined manner, and vegetation is planted on the river bank;
and fifthly, constructing an artificial ecological floating island, wherein aquatic plants for purifying the water body are planted on the artificial ecological floating island.
By adopting the technical scheme, more sludge can be accumulated on the river bed in the long-term and month-old time, so that the water level is raised, and in addition, the sludge contains a large amount of harmful substances, so that the water quality of river water is influenced; generally, the upstream terrain is high, the flow velocity of water flow is high, silt carried in water can be deposited at the downstream, so that the height of a river bed is lifted, flood discharge is influenced, the flood disaster is easily caused to a city when the water level of the river rises in stormy weather, the river is shunted through the step two, and when the water flow passes through a curved river channel, the flow velocity of the water flow is reduced, so that the silt carried in the water can be deposited, the silt flows into the downstream, the probability of the flood disaster occurring to the city is favorably reduced, plants are planted at two sides of a branch, the biodiversity can be improved, and the attractive purpose can be achieved; the main stem of the river is built with a dam, when the river flows into the downstream through the dam, the water flow falls due to height difference, and the water flow and the air are mixed in the process, so that the reoxygenation capacity of the river is improved, the oxygen content in the water is increased, oxygen is provided for organisms, and the audio and visual effects can be enriched; building an ecological revetment through the third step to improve ecological diversification and promote ecological restoration, on one hand, fixing dikes by using plants to reduce soil loss and improve the anti-scouring capability of river banks, and on the other hand, providing habitation and reproduction places for fishes and shrimps; by constructing the artificial ecological floating island on the river, not only can the ecological diversity be improved, but also the aquatic plants on the artificial ecological floating island can be utilized to degrade substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in the river, thereby improving the water quality.
Optionally, in the third step, the dam is a rubber dam, and after the rubber dam is placed in a river, the rubber dam is connected with an inflation assembly and a deflation assembly to control the height of the rubber dam.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, cross the dam and adopt the rubber dam, through the inflation volume in the control rubber dam to change the height of rubber dam, and then adjust the height of rubber dam, the rubber dam can play the effect of blockking silt, makes during silt is difficult for flowing into low reaches, because rubber dam height-adjustable makes the height of rubber dam can follow the water level height and change.
Optionally, the inflation assembly comprises a blower and an inflation valve, the rubber dam is inflated to form a water level difference, the inflation valve is opened first, and then the blower is started to inflate the rubber dam.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when needs aerify the rubber dam, only need open the inflation valve, then open the air-blower and aerify, this process operation is simple, convenient.
Optionally, the gassing subassembly includes level sensor, alarm and bleed valve, will level sensor with the alarm passes through signal connection, will level sensor installs the top of rubber dam, the bleed valve is installed the gas vent department of rubber dam, works as when level sensor detects the water level reduction, the alarm is indicateed, then opens the bleed valve reduces the height of rubber dam.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, level sensor is used for monitoring river water level height, when level sensor detected the height that the water level is less than the rubber dam, can remind the operator with signal transmission to the alarm, and the operator is deflated the rubber dam this moment to make rivers can flow through the rubber dam, not only provide the control to the water level through setting up level sensor and alarm, also provide the convenience for the operator.
Optionally, a plurality of rows of revetment boxes are installed on the river bank, the plurality of rows of revetment boxes are arranged in a step shape, the higher revetment boxes are stacked on the lower revetment boxes, and plants are planted in the revetment boxes to restore the ecology of the river bank.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the shore protection case on the bank to plant the plant at the shore protection incasement, the shore protection case plays the guard action to earth, makes earth be difficult for receiving washing away of rivers, thereby is difficult for running off, because the shore protection case piles up the setting on the bank, makes the installation of shore protection case more firm, is difficult for being washed away by rivers and runs.
Optionally, submerged plants are planted in the bank protection box with the lowest height, emergent aquatic plants are planted in the bank protection box with the higher height, and terrestrial plants are planted in the bank protection box on the water surface.
By adopting the technical scheme, submerged plants, emergent plants and terrestrial plants are planted in sequence from low to high, and different plants are planted at different heights, so that the biological diversity is provided and the attractiveness is considered; on the other hand, the submerged plant can play a role in purifying water.
Optionally, geotextile is laid in the revetment box to reduce soil loss.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the bank protection incasement is installed geotechnological cloth, and geotechnological cloth can make rivers pass through and make earth stay in the bank protection case to reduce earth and run off, provide the required soil of growth for the plant.
Optionally, a collection net for intercepting the surface waste is installed on the side of the rubber dam facing upstream.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the collection subassembly is installed to one side of rubber dam, collects the net including collecting, collects the net and can be used for collecting wastes such as rivers surface showy rubbish to make the wastes material be difficult for following rivers and flow wantonly, collect the net and be favorable to reducing environmental pollution.
Optionally, erect the guide rail on the bank, install linear electric motor on the guide rail, collect the one end of net and fix on the bank, the other end is fixed linear electric motor is last, through control linear electric motor's motion is realized collect the expansion and the shrink of net to reach the purpose of clearance waste material.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through drive linear electric motor along the guide rail motion, linear electric motor drives the one end of collecting the net and is close to the other end to realize garbage collection, and then the operator of being convenient for retrieves and clears up rubbish, this in-process automation level is high, and the operator operation is convenient.
Optionally, a plurality of artificial ecological floating islands are arranged on the river surface, and the artificial ecological floating islands are arranged on one side of the water-passing dam close to the downstream.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the effect of beautifying not only can be realized to a plurality of artificial ecological chinampa, also can improve the purification effect to the river simultaneously.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the method has the advantages that the deposition of downstream silt is reduced by arranging the branch river channel, the probability of occurrence of flood plain in cities is reduced, plants are planted on two sides of the branch river bank to establish gardens, so that the biological diversity is improved, the ecological construction of rivers is restored, and the water purification capacity is improved by constructing an artificial ecological floating island on the rivers;
2. by planting different types of plant communities on the river bank, on one hand, the biodiversity can be improved, the ecological construction can be restored, and on the other hand, the purification capacity of river water can be improved;
3. the dam is rubber dam, controls the height of rubber dam through controlling the aeration quantity, makes in the lower condition of water level, and the rivers of upper reaches still can flow to the low reaches.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view taken along a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a cable and collection net connection.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 1.
Reference numerals: 1. a trunk; 2. branch flow; 3. a rubber dam; 31. an inflation assembly; 311. a blower; 312. an inflation valve; 32. a deflation assembly; 321. a liquid level sensor; 322. a deflation valve; 4. a bank protection box; 5. a collection assembly; 51. collecting a net; 511. a circular ring; 52. a guide rail; 53. a linear motor; 6. artificial ecological floating island; 7. a rope.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-4.
The embodiment of the application discloses a comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape. Referring to fig. 1, the comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and bank garden landscape comprises the steps of first step, river bed cleaning → second step, branch excavation 2 → third step, dam construction → fourth step, ecological bank protection construction → fifth step and artificial ecological floating island 6 construction.
Step one, river bed cleaning, after long-time sedimentation, silt can be formed at the bottom of river water, in addition, silt in the upper reaches can be carried in the river water in the flowing process, when water flows into the lower reaches, the silt can be precipitated due to the fact that the flow rate of the lower reaches is low, and in addition, some household garbage can also be precipitated on the river bed. The sediments on the riverbed can lift the river on one hand, so that the influence of flood plain is easily caused on the water level of the river in the case of heavy rainfall weather, on the other hand, the silt contains a large amount of organic matters, oxygen is consumed in the decomposition process of the organic matters, the bottom of the water body is anoxic, and the organic matters are decomposed under the anoxic environment to generate harmful substances, so that the water quality condition is influenced. The river bed is cleaned to improve water quality and dredge the river channel, so that flood discharge is facilitated.
Step two, excavate tributary 2, excavate river tributary 2 in some places that the water potential is comparatively torrent, and the velocity of flow is very fast, with river water drainage to the city, the river course form of tributary 2 adopts the design of winding type, when the river flows through tortuous river course, the velocity of flow can reduce, some silt that smugglies in the river this moment can be detained to reduce the silt volume that flows into the low reaches, make the difficult emergence flood beach phenomenon of river.
Some flowers and plants are planted on the two sides of the bank of the branch 2 to form garden landscape, so that the environment can be greened, the attractiveness of a city is improved, the biological diversity can be improved, and the ecological construction of a river is restored.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a third step of building a dam, wherein the dam is built on the main river 1, so that the water levels on the two sides of the dam form a height difference, when the water flows through the dam, a falling effect is generated, and the water flows are fully combined with oxygen in the falling process of the water flows, thereby being beneficial to improving the content of oxygen in the water flows and providing enough oxygen for aquatic organisms.
The dam is rubber dam 3, the operator stretches over rubber dam 3 in the river course, the both ends of rubber dam 3 butt respectively on the river bank of both sides, be connected with inflation assembly 31 and gassing subassembly 32 on the rubber dam 3, inflation assembly 31 includes air-blower 311 and inflation valve 312, be provided with inflation inlet and relief port on the rubber dam 3, be connected with gas tube and gas release pipe on inflation inlet and the relief port respectively, inflation valve 312 is installed on the gas tube, the one end and the air-blower 311 intercommunication of rubber dam 3 are kept away from to the gas tube, the operator passes through air-blower 311 and blasts to in the rubber dam 3, thereby realize aerifing rubber dam 3, stay the air in rubber dam 3 through closing inflation valve 312. In the process, only the inflation valve 312 needs to be opened, and then the blower 311 is opened for inflation, so that the operation is simple and convenient.
The air bleeding component 32 comprises a liquid level sensor 321, an alarm (not shown in the figure) and a air bleeding valve 322, wherein the liquid level sensor 321 is installed on the rubber dam 3 and is close to the top end position of the rubber dam 3, the liquid level sensor 321 is used for monitoring the change of the river water level in real time, the alarm is used for prompting an alarm for an operator, and the air bleeding valve 322 is installed on an air bleeding pipe; unable rubber dam 3 that flows when level sensor 321 detects the reduction of rivers height, on level sensor 321 arrived the alarm with signal transmission this moment, the alarm was reported to the police to the operator and is indicateed, then the operator can open bleed valve 322, with the air escape in the rubber dam 3 to reduce rubber dam 3's height, make rivers flow through rubber dam 3, thereby make the difficult cutout of low reaches. Through the inflation volume in the control rubber dam 3 to change the height of rubber dam 3, and then adjust the height of rubber dam 3, rubber dam 3 can play the effect that blocks silt, makes during silt is difficult for flowing into low reaches, because 3 height-adjustable of rubber dam, makes the height of rubber dam 3 can follow the water level height and change.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, domestic garbage may float on the surface of a river sometimes, in order to reduce pollution of the domestic garbage to river water, a collecting assembly 5 is arranged on one side of the rubber dam 3 facing the upstream of the river, the collecting assembly 5 includes a collecting net 51, a guide rail 52 and a linear motor 53, the guide rail 52 is erected on the river, two ends of the guide rail 52 are fixedly mounted on the river banks on two sides, the guide rail 52 and the river banks keep a vertical relationship, the linear motor 53 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 52, the guide rail 52 guides the linear motor 53, and in order to protect the linear motor 53, protective housings are wrapped on the outer sides of the guide rail 52 and the linear motor 53, so that the linear motor 53 is not easily affected by water. The collecting net 51 is arranged across the river flow to intercept and clean wastes such as garbage on the surface of the river, one end of the collecting net 51 is fixedly arranged on the river bank, the other end is arranged on the linear motor 53, in addition, a rope 7 is arranged across the river bank, and the rope 7 is arranged in an inclined way, the collecting net 51 is connected with the cable 7 through a circular ring 511, the distance between one end of the collecting net 51 connected with the linear motor 53 and the rubber dam 3 is larger than the distance between one end of the collecting net 51 connected with the river bank and the rubber dam 3, an operator operates the linear motor 53 to enable the linear motor 53 to slide from one end of the river bank to the other end along the guide rail 52, the collection net 51 is close to one side of the river bank in the process, the circular ring 511 slides along the rope, and the collection net 51 is changed from the unfolding state to the folding state, so that garbage is collected, and convenience is provided for operators to clean the river channel.
Step four, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, constructing an ecological bank protection, wherein the cross section of the river channel is in an inverted trapezoid shape, the size of an opening at the upper end is large, the size of a river bed at the lower end is small, and two sides of the river bank are leveled by building stones or coating concrete, so that the river bank is not easy to collapse; along the river bank from upwards having laid bank protection case 4 down, bank protection case 4 is the rectangle, and the upper end opening, side opening, earth has been filled in bank protection case 4, bank protection case 4 has the guard action to the earth of incasement, make earth be difficult for receiving rivers and erode and run off, for further making earth be difficult for running off, one deck geotechnological cloth has been laid to bank protection case 4's inside, geotechnological cloth can make rivers pass through, and obstruct the flow of earth.
The revetment boxes 4 are in multiple rows, only three rows of revetment boxes 4 are shown in the embodiment, only part of revetment boxes 4 are shown, the multiple rows of revetment boxes 4 are stacked, the upper revetment box 4 is pressed above the lower revetment box 4, the multiple rows of revetment boxes 4 form a ladder shape, submerged plants such as eel grass, black algae, goldfish algae and the like are planted in the revetment boxes 4 on the riverbed, and the submerged plants can absorb nutrient substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in water in the growth process and have a positive effect on relieving eutrophication of the water body.
Emergent aquatic plants such as reed, cattail and the like are planted in the higher bank protection box 4, the emergent aquatic plants can improve the water quality of the river, the emergent aquatic plants can absorb pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water in the growing process, the emergent aquatic plants can absorb the pollutants in a dissolved state, can also rapidly absorb the pollutants in suspended particles, and can also transfer the particles into cells quickly after absorption or utilize the huge body surface of the plants to absorb part of the pollutants.
Terrestrial plants are planted in the highest revetment box 4 in position, and different types of vegetation communities are planted respectively according to the height of the position of the revetment box 4, so that on one hand, the biological types are more various, the restoration of the river channel ecology is facilitated, the attractiveness is improved, and on the other hand, the water body is purified.
And fifthly, constructing an artificial ecological floating island 6, wherein the artificial ecological floating island 6 is formed by assembling a plurality of triangular or hexagonal unit bodies generally, the artificial ecological floating island 6 can float on the water surface after being placed in the water, aquatic plants are planted on the artificial ecological floating island 6, and the artificial ecological floating island 6 is mainly used for purifying the water body and degrading the content of COD (chemical oxygen demand), nitrogen and phosphorus in the water. The artificial ecological floating island 6 increases the beauty of the river channel on one hand, and the other end further purifies the water body, thereby improving the water body quality.
The implementation principle of the comprehensive treatment method for the ecology of the urban inland rivers and the garden landscapes of the embankment in the embodiment of the application is as follows: step one, cleaning a riverbed, wherein silt accumulated all the year round can be removed by cleaning the riverbed, so that the water quality is favorably improved, and the cleaned riverway is favorable for reducing the occurrence of river flood; the main trunk 1 can be divided by excavating the river branches in the second step, and the divided river water can be introduced into the urban center and ecological gardens can be built, so that the urban ecological construction is facilitated, the urban attractiveness is increased, the river water flow speed is slowed down, the sediment in the water is settled and is not easy to flow into the downstream; the rubber dam 3 is established through the third step, on one hand, the rubber dam 3 can block upstream silt to enable the silt not to flow into a downstream easily, on the other hand, the rubber dam 3 enables a height difference to be generated in the water level, when water flows through the rubber dam 3, the water flow and air are fully mixed, so that the oxygen content in the water can be improved, and enough oxygen can be provided for aquatic organisms; establishing an ecological bank protection on the bank through the fourth step, planting different plants from the bottom to the top of the bank in sequence, fully utilizing the environment, purifying the water body by the submerged plants and the emergent plants, reducing substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like, increasing biological diversity and increasing aesthetic property while purifying the water body by the ecological bank protection; and establishing an artificial ecological floating island 6 through the fifth step, so that the aquatic plants on the floating island are utilized to purify the water body on the one hand, and the attractiveness of the river channel is improved on the other hand.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and embankment landscape is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, cleaning a river bed, and removing sludge on the surface layer of the river bed to ensure that water flows smoothly and reduce flood plain of river water;
excavating a branch (2), excavating the branch (2) at a position close to the upstream of the river or a position with a higher river flow speed, wherein the branch (2) is a serpentine river channel, the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the branch (2) are communicated with a river main trunk (1), and vegetation is planted on two sides of the branch (2);
step three, constructing a water passing dam, wherein the water passing dam is constructed at the position of the river trunk (1) to enable water flow to form a height difference;
step four, constructing an ecological bank protection, wherein the river bank is arranged in an inclined manner, and vegetation is planted on the river bank;
and fifthly, constructing an artificial ecological floating island (6), wherein aquatic plants for purifying the water body are planted on the artificial ecological floating island (6).
2. The comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and bank landscape according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the third step, the used water passing dam is a rubber dam (3), and after the rubber dam (3) is placed in a river channel, an inflation assembly (31) and a deflation assembly (32) are connected to the rubber dam (3) to control the height of the rubber dam (3).
3. The comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and bank landscape according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the inflation assembly (31) comprises a blower (311) and an inflation valve (312), the rubber dam (3) is inflated to form a water level difference, the inflation valve (312) is firstly opened, and then the blower (311) is started to inflate the rubber dam (3).
4. The comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and bank landscape according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: gassing subassembly (32) include level sensor (321), alarm and bleed valve (322), will level sensor (321) with the alarm passes through signal connection, will level sensor (321) are installed the top of rubber dam (3), bleed valve (322) are installed the gas vent department of rubber dam (3), work as when level sensor (321) detect the water level reduction, the alarm is indicateed, then opens bleed valve (322) reduce the height of rubber dam (3).
5. The comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and bank landscape according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: installing a plurality of rows of revetment boxes (4) on a river bank, arranging the plurality of rows of revetment boxes (4) in a step shape, stacking the higher revetment boxes (4) on the lower revetment boxes (4), and planting plants in the revetment boxes (4) to restore the ecology of the river bank.
6. The comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and bank landscape according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: submerged plants are planted in the bank protection box (4) with the lowest height, emergent aquatic plants are planted in the bank protection box (4) with the higher height, and terrestrial plants are planted in the bank protection box (4) on the water surface.
7. The comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and bank landscape according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and geotextile is laid in the bank protection box (4) to reduce soil loss.
8. The comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and bank landscape according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a collecting net (51) for intercepting the water surface waste is arranged on the side of the rubber dam (3) facing the upstream.
9. The comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and bank landscape according to claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: erect guide rail (52) on the bank, install linear electric motor (53) on guide rail (52), collect the one end of net (51) and fix on the bank, the other end is fixed on linear electric motor (53), through control linear electric motor's (53) motion is realized collect the expansion and the shrink of net (51) to reach the mesh of clearance waste product.
10. The comprehensive treatment method for urban inland river ecology and bank landscape according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and arranging a plurality of artificial ecological floating islands (6) on the river surface, and arranging the artificial ecological floating islands (6) on one side of the water-passing dam close to the downstream.
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