CN114289693A - Device for producing GH4169 nickel-based high-temperature alloy - Google Patents

Device for producing GH4169 nickel-based high-temperature alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114289693A
CN114289693A CN202210019044.3A CN202210019044A CN114289693A CN 114289693 A CN114289693 A CN 114289693A CN 202210019044 A CN202210019044 A CN 202210019044A CN 114289693 A CN114289693 A CN 114289693A
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magnetic field
field generator
coil group
nickel
chamber
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CN202210019044.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王自东
王艳林
陈晓华
周伟
陈凯旋
朱谕至
梁圣辉
秦军伟
范伟杰
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
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Priority to CN202210019044.3A priority Critical patent/CN114289693A/en
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Abstract

The invention provides a device for producing GH4169 nickel-based high-temperature alloy, wherein an ingot mould is arranged in a centrifugal barrel in an ingot mould chamber; the ingot mould and the centrifugal barrel rotate synchronously; the device also comprises an annular magnetic field generator, a parallel magnetic field generator and a traveling wave magnetic field generator; a coil group A of the annular magnetic field generator is sleeved outside the ingot mould; a first coil group B and a second coil group B of the parallel magnetic field generator are oppositely arranged at the outer side of the coil group A; the first coil group C of the traveling wave magnetic field generator is positioned above the coil group A, and the second coil group C is positioned below the coil group A. The device continuously acts on the melt in the solidification process of the melt, so that relative motion can be generated between liquid metals, and dendritic crystal arms are broken, crushed and proliferated, and the purpose of refining grains is achieved; meanwhile, the alloy elements can be distributed more uniformly in the liquid metal, and the quality of the cast ingot is ensured.

Description

Device for producing GH4169 nickel-based high-temperature alloy
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nickel-based high-temperature alloy production devices, in particular to a device for producing GH4169 nickel-based high-temperature alloy.
Background
The GH4169 alloy has good strength, excellent creep deformation and fatigue resistance at high temperature, and good processing and welding performance, so that the GH4169 alloy is widely applied to the aerospace field and the nuclear industry field, gives full play to the high-temperature strength performance, and ensures the service life and the safety of equipment.
At present, in the process of producing GH4169 alloy by a traditional casting method, when metal dendrites grow up, the branches are rich in Nb and Ti elements, and the branches and the stems are poor in Nb and Ti elements, so that component segregation and coarse dendrites are easy to occur in the solidification process, and the alloy has defects, such as white spots, black spots, carbide segregation and the like, which affect the quality of alloy ingots, further have adverse effects on subsequent finished products, and cause uneven structure and performance of products.
In the casting process, the main reasons for the generation of defects are that the temperature of the melt is not uniform in the solidification process and the distribution of alloy elements in the melt is not uniform, so in order to improve the defects, treatment modes such as centrifugal stirring, electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration are generally adopted at present, however, because the weight of the melt is large, vortex is easily generated at the center of the melt when the centrifugal stirring is used, and the uniform mixing degree of the melt is poor; when the electromagnetic stirring is used in melt stirring, a skin effect is generated, so that the action strength is low, the distribution uniformity of a magnetic field is poor, and further the stirring is not thorough, and therefore, the application of the stirring mode is also extremely limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a device for producing GH4169 nickel-based superalloy, in particular to a centrifugal device, an annular magnetic field generator, a parallel magnetic field generator and a traveling wave magnetic field generator. The device has the advantages of reasonable design and strong practicability, and the device can continuously act on the melt in the solidification process of the melt, so that relative motion can be generated between liquid metals, and dendritic crystal arms are broken, crushed and proliferated, thereby achieving the purpose of refining grains; meanwhile, the alloy elements can be distributed more uniformly in the liquid metal, and the quality of the cast ingot is ensured.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an apparatus for producing GH4169 nickel-base superalloy, comprising an ingot mold chamber;
a centrifugal device is arranged in the ingot mould chamber;
an ingot mold is arranged in a centrifugal barrel of the centrifugal device, and the ingot mold is detachably connected with the centrifugal barrel; the ingot mould and the centrifugal barrel rotate synchronously;
the device also comprises an annular magnetic field generator, a parallel magnetic field generator and a traveling wave magnetic field generator;
the annular magnetic field generator comprises a coil group A, and the coil group A is sleeved outside the ingot mold; under the action of the coil group A, the annular magnetic field generator generates an annular magnetic field;
the parallel magnetic field generator comprises a first coil group B and a second coil group B, and the first coil group B and the second coil group B are oppositely arranged on the outer side of the coil group A; under the combined action of the first coil group B and the second coil group B, the parallel magnetic field generator generates a parallel magnetic field;
the traveling wave magnetic field generator comprises a first coil group C and a second coil group C, wherein the first coil group C is positioned above the coil group A, and the second coil group C is positioned below the coil group A; the first coil group C forms a downward magnetic field, and the second coil group C forms an upward magnetic field, so that a circulating magnetic field is formed together;
under the combined action of the annular magnetic field generator and the traveling wave magnetic field generator, a spiral magnetic field is formed in the liquid metal, so that the skin effect is avoided in stirring, and the stirring uniformity is improved.
Further, the annular magnetic field generator is fixedly connected with the ingot mould; when the centrifugal barrel rotates, the annular magnetic field generator moves together with the ingot mold; in order to further ensure the stability and firmness of the ingot mould when rotating along with the centrifugal barrel, a fireproof heat-insulating layer is filled between the ingot mould and the centrifugal barrel.
Furthermore, the annular magnetic field generator is detachably connected with the ingot mould, so that the maintenance of the annular magnetic field is facilitated.
Further, the traveling wave magnetic field generator is fixedly connected with the ingot mould, and the parallel magnetic field generator is fixedly connected with the annular magnetic field generator; therefore, in the using process, the annular magnetic field generator, the parallel magnetic field generator and the traveling wave magnetic field generator form a stable magnetic field environment, and further stirring uniformity and stirring effect of the liquid metal are further guaranteed.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a smelting chamber, and the smelting chamber is connected with the ingot mold chamber; a crucible is installed in the melting chamber, an induction heating coil is installed on the outer periphery of the crucible, and the metal in the crucible is melted into liquid by the induction heating coil.
Furthermore, a pouring chute is arranged in the smelting chamber, a discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the pouring chute, and the bottom end of the discharge pipe penetrates through a bottom plate of the smelting chamber to be communicated with the interior of the ingot mold; the liquid metal melted in the melting chamber enters an ingot mould for forming.
Furthermore, a window is arranged at the top of the smelting chamber and used for observing the condition in the smelting chamber.
Further, the GH4169 nickel-base superalloy is produced by using the device, and the process is as follows:
(1) preparing materials: all raw materials are dried and preheated for 4 to 8 hours in an electric furnace with the temperature of 150-;
(2) smelting: putting the dried raw materials into a crucible of a smelting chamber, and melting the raw materials into metal liquid under the action of an induction heating coil for later use;
(3) molding: and starting the centrifugal device, the annular magnetic field generator, the traveling wave magnetic field generator and the parallel magnetic field generator, when the rotating speed meets the requirement, injecting the metal liquid into the preheated ingot mold from the pouring chute for molding, and condensing for 1-1.5 hours to obtain the alloy ingot.
And (3) further, in the smelting process of the step (2), the smelting is carried out in two steps, in the first step of smelting, the raw materials which are high in melting point and difficult to volatilize are smelted, the vacuum degree of the smelting chamber is controlled to be less than or equal to 5Pa, after the raw materials are completely smelted, the control of the vacuum degree is stopped, Ar is introduced into the smelting chamber, when the pressure in the smelting chamber reaches 0.05MPa, the gas introduction is stopped, and the raw materials which are low in melting point and easy to volatilize are put into a crucible for second step smelting.
Further, in the smelting process in the step (2), the power of the induction heating coil is 25kw, and the heating temperature is 1400-.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the invention, the annular magnetic field generator and the traveling wave magnetic field generator act together to generate a spiral stirring effect in the liquid metal, thereby reducing the skin effect generated by a magnetic field in the liquid metal; under the action of the parallel magnetic field generator and the centrifugal device, the problem of uneven distribution of alloy elements generated by the centrifugal device can be solved; through the combined action of centrifugal device, annular magnetic field generator, traveling wave magnetic field generator and parallel magnetic field generator for alloy element in the liquid metal distributes evenly, and the inside temperature of liquid metal is even, makes to solidify and goes on with the mode of pure diffusion, reduces the segregation that causes because of the convection current, promotes solute element's reasonable distribution, and then reaches the purpose that reduces central crackle, reduces central segregation, loose and shrinkage cavity.
2. The device provided by the invention has the advantages of reasonable design and strong practicability, can be used in the process of solidifying the liquid metal, can ensure better mold filling and feeding effects, can refine crystal grains, effectively controls the size of the crystal grains, obtains a dendrite-free structure, eliminates bridging among columnar dendrites, and ensures the quality of cast ingots.
3. By using the device provided by the invention, the aggregation of inner arc inclusions can be effectively reduced, surface and subcutaneous slag inclusion can be reduced, pores and pinholes on the surface and the subcutaneous surface can be prevented, and the surface and internal quality of the cast ingot can be effectively improved.
4. The device provided by the invention can greatly improve the core structure of a large-diameter cast ingot (phi is more than 100 mm), increase the equiaxial crystal rate, reduce the weight of parts, improve the production efficiency and reduce the cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of the annular magnetic field generated by the annular magnetic field generator.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of parallel magnetic fields generated by the parallel magnetic field generator.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of the traveling wave magnetic field generated by the traveling wave magnetic field generator.
In the figure, 1-ingot mould chamber, 2-centrifugal barrel, 3-ingot mould, 4-coil group A, 5-fire-resistant heat-insulating layer, 601-first coil group B, 602-second coil group B, 701-first coil group C, 702-second coil group C, 8-smelting chamber, 9-crucible, 10-induction heating coil, 11-pouring launder, 12-discharge pipe, 13-window, 14-liquid metal.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
With reference to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides an apparatus for producing GH4169 nickel-base superalloy, comprising an ingot mold chamber 1;
a centrifugal device, an annular magnetic field generator, a parallel magnetic field generator and a traveling wave magnetic field generator are arranged in the ingot mould chamber 1;
the centrifugal device comprises a centrifugal barrel 2, the centrifugal barrel 2 is connected with a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism is connected with a motor, wherein the transmission mechanism and the motor are both in the prior art and are not described again; the motor drives the transmission mechanism to rotate, and the transmission mechanism drives the centrifugal barrel 2 to rotate;
an ingot mold 3 is arranged in a centrifugal barrel 2 of the centrifugal device, and the ingot mold 3 is detachably connected with the centrifugal barrel 2; the ingot mould 3 and the centrifugal barrel 2 synchronously rotate;
the annular magnetic field generator comprises a coil group A4, and the coil group A4 is sleeved outside the ingot mould 3; under the action of the coil group A4, the annular magnetic field generator generates an annular magnetic field;
the annular magnetic field generator is fixedly connected with the ingot mould 3; when the centrifugal barrel 2 rotates, the annular magnetic field generator moves together with the ingot mould 3;
in order to further ensure the stability and firmness of the ingot mould 3 when rotating along with the centrifugal barrel 2, a fireproof heat-insulating layer 5 is filled between the ingot mould 3 and the centrifugal barrel 2;
the annular magnetic field generator is detachably connected with the ingot mould 3, so that the maintenance of the annular magnetic field is facilitated;
the parallel magnetic field generator comprises a first coil group B601 and a second coil group B602, wherein the first coil group B601 and the second coil group B602 are oppositely arranged outside a coil group A4; under the combined action of the first coil group B601 and the second coil group B602, the parallel magnetic field generator generates a parallel magnetic field;
the traveling-wave magnetic field generator comprises a first coil group C701 and a second coil group C702, wherein the first coil group C701 is positioned above a coil group A4, and the second coil group C702 is positioned below a coil group A4; the first coil group C701 forms a downward magnetic field, and the second coil group C702 forms an upward magnetic field, which together form a circulating magnetic field;
the traveling wave magnetic field generator is fixedly connected with the ingot mould 3, and the parallel magnetic field generator is fixedly connected with the annular magnetic field generator; therefore, in the using process, the annular magnetic field generator, the parallel magnetic field generator and the traveling wave magnetic field generator form a stable magnetic field environment, and further stirring uniformity and stirring effect of the liquid metal 14 are further guaranteed;
under the combined action of the annular magnetic field generator and the traveling wave magnetic field generator, a spiral magnetic field is formed in the liquid metal 14, so that the skin effect is avoided in stirring, and the stirring uniformity is improved;
the combination of the parallel magnetic field, the annular magnetic field, the traveling wave magnetic field and the centrifugal device changes the direction and the strength of the magnetic field, so that the stirring direction and the stirring strength of the liquid metal 14 can be effectively adjusted, and the metal liquid is subjected to spiral ascending or descending motion under the action of the spiral magnetic field by the spiral magnetic field generated by the superposition of the rotating magnetic field and the traveling wave magnetic field; by applying a parallel magnetic field, the core flow of the metal liquid is promoted, a central liquid cavity generated by the centrifugal action is supplemented in time, and the distribution uniformity of alloy elements in the metal liquid is promoted;
the device also comprises a smelting chamber 8, wherein the smelting chamber 8 is connected with the ingot mould chamber 1; a crucible 9 is installed in the melting chamber 8, an induction heating coil 10 is installed on the outer periphery of the crucible 9, and the metal in the crucible 9 is melted into liquid by the induction heating coil 10;
a pouring chute 11 is arranged in the smelting chamber 8, a discharge pipe 12 is arranged at the bottom of the pouring chute 11, and the bottom end of the discharge pipe 12 passes through the bottom plate of the smelting chamber 8 and is communicated with the inside of the ingot mold 3; the molten liquid metal 14 in the melting chamber 8 enters the ingot mould 3 for forming;
a window 13 is also arranged on the top of the smelting chamber 8 and is used for observing the condition in the smelting chamber 8.
Example 2
Using the apparatus of example 1, a GH4169 nickel-base superalloy was produced as follows:
(1) preparing materials: all raw materials are dried and preheated for about 6 hours in an electric furnace at the temperature of 150-;
(2) smelting: putting the dried raw materials into a crucible of a smelting chamber, setting the power of an induction heating coil to be 25kw and the heating temperature to be 1450 ℃; smelting is divided into two steps, and in the first step of smelting, raw materials which have high melting points and are not easy to volatilize are smelted; controlling the vacuum degree of the smelting chamber to be less than or equal to 5Pa, and stopping controlling the vacuum degree after the smelting chamber is completely melted; then, introducing Ar into the smelting chamber until the pressure in the smelting chamber reaches 0.05MPa, stopping introducing the gas, and putting the low-melting-point and volatile raw materials into the crucible for second-step smelting;
(3) molding: starting a centrifugal device, an annular magnetic field generator, a traveling wave magnetic field generator and a parallel magnetic field generator; when the rotating speed meets the requirement, the metal liquid is poured into the preheated ingot mold from a pouring chute, and the whole casting process is finished in a vacuum chamber; at the moment, strong composite shear flow can be generated in the metal liquid, so that the metal liquid is more uniform; and condensing for 1-1.5 hours and then forming to obtain the alloy ingot.
Example 3
The difference from example 2 is that in step (2), the dried raw material was charged into a crucible of a melting chamber, and the power of an induction heating coil was set to 25kw and the heating temperature was set to 1400 ℃.
Example 4
The difference from example 2 is that in step (2), the dried raw material was charged into a crucible of a melting chamber, and the power of an induction heating coil was set to 25kw and the heating temperature was set to 1500 ℃.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by referring to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications or substitutions can be made on the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention/any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. An apparatus for producing GH4169 nickel-base superalloy, comprising an ingot mold chamber;
a centrifugal device is arranged in the ingot mould chamber;
an ingot mold is arranged in a centrifugal barrel of the centrifugal device, and the ingot mold is detachably connected with the centrifugal barrel; the ingot mould and the centrifugal barrel rotate synchronously;
the device also comprises an annular magnetic field generator, a parallel magnetic field generator and a traveling wave magnetic field generator;
the annular magnetic field generator comprises a coil group A, and the coil group A is sleeved outside the ingot mold;
the parallel magnetic field generator comprises a first coil group B and a second coil group B, and the first coil group B and the second coil group B are oppositely arranged on the outer side of the coil group A;
the traveling wave magnetic field generator comprises a first coil group C and a second coil group C, wherein the first coil group C is positioned above the coil group A, and the second coil group C is positioned below the coil group A.
2. The apparatus for the production of GH4169 nickel-base superalloys of claim 1, wherein the annular magnetic field generator is fixedly attached to the ingot mold.
3. The apparatus for producing GH4169 nickel-base superalloy according to claim 2, wherein a refractory insulation layer is filled between the ingot mold and the centrifuge bucket.
4. The apparatus for the production of GH4169 nickel-base superalloys of claim 1, wherein the annular magnetic field generator is removably attached to the ingot mold.
5. The apparatus for producing GH4169 nickel-base superalloy according to claim 1, wherein the traveling wave magnetic field generator is fixedly connected to the ingot mold, and the parallel magnetic field generator is fixedly connected to the annular magnetic field generator.
6. The apparatus for producing GH4169 nickel base superalloy as in claim 1, further comprising a melting chamber, the melting chamber connected to the ingot mold chamber; a crucible is installed in the melting chamber, and an induction heating coil is installed on the outer periphery of the crucible.
7. The apparatus for producing GH4169 nickel-base superalloy as in claim 6, wherein a casting runner is installed in the melting chamber, and a discharge pipe is installed at the bottom of the casting runner, and the bottom end of the discharge pipe communicates with the interior of the ingot mold through the bottom plate of the melting chamber.
8. The apparatus for producing GH4169 nickel-base superalloy as in claim 6, wherein a window is further provided in the top of the melting chamber.
9. The apparatus for producing GH4169 nickel-base superalloy according to any of claims 6 to 8, wherein the apparatus is used to produce GH4169 nickel-base superalloy by:
(1) preparing materials: all raw materials are dried and preheated for 4 to 8 hours in an electric furnace with the temperature of 150-;
(2) smelting: putting the dried raw materials into a crucible of a smelting chamber, and melting the raw materials into metal liquid under the action of an induction heating coil for later use;
(3) molding: and starting the centrifugal device, the annular magnetic field generator, the traveling wave magnetic field generator and the parallel magnetic field generator, when the rotating speed meets the requirement, injecting the metal liquid into the preheated ingot mold from the pouring chute for molding, and condensing for 1-1.5 hours to obtain the alloy ingot.
10. The apparatus for producing GH4169 nickel-base superalloy according to claim 9, wherein in the melting process of step (2), the melting process is performed in two steps, wherein in the first step, a high melting point and non-volatile raw material is melted, the vacuum degree of the melting chamber is controlled to be less than or equal to 5Pa, after the raw material is completely melted, the vacuum degree control is stopped, Ar is introduced into the melting chamber, when the pressure in the melting chamber reaches 0.05MPa, the gas introduction is stopped, and a low melting point and volatile raw material is put into the crucible to perform the second step melting.
CN202210019044.3A 2022-01-06 2022-01-06 Device for producing GH4169 nickel-based high-temperature alloy Pending CN114289693A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101391291A (en) * 2008-11-05 2009-03-25 江苏大学 Metal matrix composition home-position synthesizing method in combined electric magnetic field
WO2016184237A1 (en) * 2015-05-19 2016-11-24 江苏大学 6x82 aluminium-based composite material for use in automobile control arm and preparation method thereof
CN108971460A (en) * 2018-08-22 2018-12-11 上海大学 A kind of method and device of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture
CN112828250A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-25 北京科技大学 Casting device and method for preparing fine-grain alloy with low segregation degree
CN113523218A (en) * 2021-06-30 2021-10-22 北京科技大学 Casting device and method for homogenizing high-temperature alloy structure

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101391291A (en) * 2008-11-05 2009-03-25 江苏大学 Metal matrix composition home-position synthesizing method in combined electric magnetic field
WO2016184237A1 (en) * 2015-05-19 2016-11-24 江苏大学 6x82 aluminium-based composite material for use in automobile control arm and preparation method thereof
CN108971460A (en) * 2018-08-22 2018-12-11 上海大学 A kind of method and device of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture
CN112828250A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-25 北京科技大学 Casting device and method for preparing fine-grain alloy with low segregation degree
CN113523218A (en) * 2021-06-30 2021-10-22 北京科技大学 Casting device and method for homogenizing high-temperature alloy structure

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