CN108971460A - A kind of method and device of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture - Google Patents
A kind of method and device of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture Download PDFInfo
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- CN108971460A CN108971460A CN201810958040.5A CN201810958040A CN108971460A CN 108971460 A CN108971460 A CN 108971460A CN 201810958040 A CN201810958040 A CN 201810958040A CN 108971460 A CN108971460 A CN 108971460A
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- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture, during solidification of metal melt, apply pulse-couple electromagnetic field to it, the pulse-couple electromagnetic field is the generation that intercoupled by pulsed magnetic field and magnetostatic field, the pulsed magnetic field is formed by pulse power connection pulsed coil, wherein pulsed coil is placed on around metal bath, the magnetostatic field is formed by the coil of the magnet or application direct current that are placed on metal bath opposite sides, metal bath surface and its inside is finally set to generate convection current and oscillation under pulse-couple electromagnetic field effect.The invention also discloses the devices for pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture.The present invention can obtain the metal solidification texture more refined in the identical situation of input pulse power, reduce energy consumption compared to pulsed magnetic field effect mechanism.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal materials to prepare Modification Treatment Technique, refines gold more particularly to a kind of pulse-couple electromagnetic field
Belong to the method and device of solidified structure.
Background technique
Thinning metal solidification texture is can to improve Strength of Metallic Materials and the most effective approach of plasticity simultaneously.Currently, thin
The method for changing solidified structure mainly includes physical method and chemical method.Physical method mainly includes mechanical stirring, at ultrasonic wave
Reason, electromagnetic agitation etc., chemical method mainly add inovulant in molten metal.But these methods have in it lack
Point, the methods of mechanical stirring, ultrasonication are difficult to apply in the higher molten steel of temperature, and can pollute mother liquor, are set to melting
Standby requirement is relatively high.Electromagnetic agitation is easy to produce negative segregation.Although addition inovulant obtains very in non-ferrous metal and cast iron
Good application, but discovery is not suitable for the inovulant of molten steel yet, and inovulant is more expensive, is easy to appear fading of refinement effect
Fruit, unsuitable industrialized production.
And pulse electromagnetic field is simple, energy saving, easy to operate due to having many advantages, such as not pollute metal, equipment, right
Solidification Structure improves aspect and receives more and more attention, and becomes a new research hotspot.In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars
Couple other physical fields and multi- scenarios method thinning metal solidification texture crystal grain to pulse electromagnetic field also has research more, main at present
Coupled modes include pulsed magnetic field coupling machinery vibration, pulsed magnetic field coupling alternating current and direct current electricity, exchange be electrically coupled magnetostatic field,
Electromagnetic agitation coupling machinery field etc., these coupled modes all have certain effect to thinning metal solidification texture, but are all each
Have pros and cons, although such as pulsed magnetic field coupling machinery vibration than only apply a pulsed magnetic field acquisition crystallite dimension it is more tiny,
It is application prospect deficiency, exchange is electrically coupled magnetostatic field, pulsed magnetic field coupling direct current, alternating current also being capable of fining metal solidification component group
It knits, but coupling direct current or alternating current need electrode to inject in melt, in this way first is that will lead to electrode fouling metal mother liquid,
Second is that electrode is consumables, it is also less suited to industrial production.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: it is directed to the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, this application provides a kind of good in refining effect, low energy
The method and apparatus of the pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture of consumption.
A kind of technical solution: method of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture of the present invention are as follows: in gold
Belong in melt process of setting, apply pulse-couple electromagnetic field to it, the pulse-couple electromagnetic field is by pulsed magnetic field and magnetostatic
Field intercouples generations, and the pulsed magnetic field connects pulsed coil by the pulse power and formed, and wherein pulsed coil is placed on metal
Around melt, the magnetostatic field is formed by the magnet or DC coil being placed on the outside of metal bath, makes metal bath surface
And its inside generates convection current and oscillation under pulse-couple electromagnetic field effect.
Further, the pulse power parameters of the pulsed magnetic field are as follows: output electric current I=500A~20000A, pulse are wide
Spend 0.1~500 ms, practical function frequency f=1~5000Hz.
Central magnetic field intensity B=0.1~5T of the magnetostatic field.
The pulsed magnetic field and magnetostatic field are applied to metal bath simultaneously.Specifically, working as metal under normal temperature and pressure environment
Liquid temperature starts to apply pulse-couple electromagnetic field when reaching corresponding tapping temperature, and drops to freezing point or less in molten metal temperature
When stop apply.
The metal includes all metal and its alloy, for example ferrous alloy, nickel base superalloy, aluminium alloy, magnesium close
Gold, high temperature alloy, ferrous alloy, composite material etc..
A kind of device of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture of the present invention, including metal vessel,
The pulse power, pulsed coil, magnet or DC coil and Temperature-collection Recorder, the metal vessel are placed in pulsed coil
Interior, pulsed coil is connected by conducting wire with the pulse power, and the magnet or DC coil are placed on the outside of metal vessel.Root
According to foregoing description, as long as metal vessel is placed in magnet or DC coil centre in the present invention program, as a result, magnet or
DC coil can be around metal vessel spatially around placement.
When wherein, using magnet or DC coil, place it in outside pulsed coil.The permanent magnet or DC coil
In coil inside, the distribution of magnet or DC coil meeting pulse magnetic field is had a huge impact.Also, when magnet is in arteries and veins
When rushing coil inside, since temperature is very high near metal bath, it may appear that permanent magnet demagnetization phenomenon.The pulse power is by charging
System, pulsed capacitance and switch are constituted, the pulsed coil outside container of the pulsed capacitance by switching by conducting wire and accommodating molten metal
It is connected, pulsed capacitance discharges to pulsed coil, generates pulsed magnetic field.
Working principle: when metal bath is in process of setting, the control of pulsed capacitance in the pulse power in switch
Under, it is discharged by conducting wire the loop coil accommodated outside metal vessel is placed in, generates pulsed magnetic field；Pulsed magnetic field and placement
Magnetostatic field on the outside of metal vessel, which intercouples, generates pulse-couple electromagnetic field, so that the coupled magnetic field formed acts on just
On the metal bath of solidification, metal bath surface and its inside is promoted to generate strong convection current, thus fining metal solidification component group
It knits.
The utility model has the advantages that the application has the advantage that (1), can be in input pulse power compared to other refinement technologies
In identical situation, the metal solidification texture more refined is obtained, reduces energy consumption；(2) this technology will not pollute metal mother liquid, coupling
Conjunction mode is simple, applying mode is simple, does not have the loss on consumptive material, industrially there is preferable application prospect；(3) to metal
The thinning effect of solidified structure is obvious.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is simple mechanism schematic diagram when the application magnetostatic field is generated by permanent magnet；
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is simple mechanism schematic diagram when the application magnetostatic field is generated by DC coil；
Fig. 4 is the top view of Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the ball bearing made diagram meaning of the pulse power；
Fig. 6 is that the macroscopic view of Al-7wt.%Si Solidification Structure of 2 sample 1 of embodiment after pulse magnetic field treatment is rotten
It loses photo (I=2500A, f=30Hz)；
Fig. 7 is macroscopic view of 2 sample 2 of embodiment by pulse-couple electromagnetic field treated Al-7%Si Solidification Structure
Corrode photo (I=2500A, f=30Hz).
Specific embodiment
The application is explained in detail combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
The device of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, including metal vessel 2,
The pulse power 1,4, two blocks of magnet 6 of pulsed coil and Temperature-collection Recorder 3, wherein pulsed coil 4 is circular ring shape, metal
Liquid container 2 is placed in the center of circular ring shape pulsed coil 4, and pulsed coil 4 is connected by conducting wire 5 with the pulse power 1, such as schemes
Shown in 5, the pulse power 1 is made of charging system 11, pulsed capacitance 12 and switch 13, and pulsed capacitance 12 is by switch 14 by conducting wire
5 are connected with the pulsed coil 4 outside the container 2 for accommodating molten metal, and pulsed capacitance 12 discharges to pulsed coil 4, generate pulsed magnetic
?；Two blocks of magnet 6 are symmetrically disposed at outside the pulsed coil 4 of 2 two sides of metal vessel, so that two blocks of magnet 6 and metal vessel 2
It is in a straight line.
Using the method for above-mentioned apparatus thinning metal solidification texture, comprising the following steps:
Under normal temperature and pressure environment, the metal bath for being up to corresponding molten metal tapping temperature is poured into metal vessel
It is interior, open high-voltage pulse power source: output electric current I=500A~20000A, 0.1~50ms of pulse width, practical function frequency f=
10~5000 Hz；The central magnetic field intensity of magnetostatic field is B=0.1~2T；So that the coupled magnetic field formed is acted on and is being solidified
Metal bath on, promote metal bath surface and its it is internal generate strong convection current, thus thinning metal solidification texture；Pass through
Temperature-collection Recorder real-time monitoring metal bath temperature stops applying arteries and veins when melt temperature is reduced to freezing point or less
Rush coupled electromagnetic field.
Embodiment 2
Al-7wt.%Si Solidification Structure is refined using 1 described device of embodiment and method.
The fine aluminium that technical purity is 99.9% is placed in resistance furnace, after being heated to 850 DEG C, keeps the temperature one at 850 DEG C
Hour, a certain proportion of technical purity is then added into resistance furnace and is 99.99% pure silicon, then keeps the temperature a hour, then
Aluminium alloy is poured into graphite crucible and carries out sample preparation, then sample is respectively cut as 420g.
Arbitrarily two samples is taken to be placed in corundum crucible, place it in resistance furnace and melted, is heated to 850 DEG C of guarantors
A warm hour, above-mentioned two sample is divided into sample 1 and sample 2, when the temperature of melt is reduced to 720 DEG C, sample 1 is only applied
Add pulsed magnetic field, then give sample 2 processing of pulse-couple electromagnetic field according to the method for embodiment 1, temperature is reduced to 566 DEG C of stoppings
Processing.The pulse power parameters of sample 1 and sample 2 are equal are as follows: pulse current I=2500A, pulse frequency f=30Hz, pulse width
For 3ms.
After sample solidification, sample is cut, is polished, burn into is taken pictures, 1 result of sample is referring to Fig. 6,2 result of sample
Referring to Fig. 7, it can be seen that only solidified structure after pulse magnetic field treatment and that treated is solidifying by pulse-couple electromagnetic field
Gu tissue has apparent difference, the solidified structure of the latter is more tiny.Using finding after IPP software statistics, sample 1 is used
The crystallite dimension that 2500A pulse magnetic field treatment obtains is 640 μm, and sample 2 is handled using 2500A pulse-couple electromagnetic field
The crystallite dimension arrived is 450 μm, and thinning effect is significantly improved.
Embodiment 3
Al-5wt.%Cu Solidification Structure is refined using 1 described device of embodiment and method.
The fine aluminium that technical purity is 99.99% is placed in resistance furnace, after being heated to 800 DEG C, keeps the temperature one at 800 DEG C
Hour, a certain proportion of technical purity is then added into resistance furnace and is 99.99% fine copper, then keeps the temperature a hour, then
Molten metal is poured into graphite crucible and carries out sample preparation, then sample is respectively cut as 400g.
Arbitrarily two samples is taken to be placed in corundum crucible, place it in resistance furnace and melted, is heated to 800 DEG C of guarantors
A warm hour, above-mentioned two sample is divided into sample 3 and sample 4, when the temperature of melt is reduced to 750 DEG C, sample 3 is only applied
Add pulsed magnetic field, then give sample 4 processing of pulse-couple electromagnetic field according to the method for embodiment 1, temperature is reduced to 545 DEG C of stoppings
Processing.The pulse parameter of sample 3 and sample 4 is equal are as follows: pulse current I=5000A, pulse frequency f=30Hz, pulse width are
3ms。
After sample solidification, sample is cut, is polished, burn into is taken pictures, research find to pass through pulse magnetic field treatment
Rear solidified structure and treated that solidified structure has apparent difference, the solidified structure of the latter by pulse-couple electromagnetic field
It is more tiny.
Embodiment 4
Al-5wt.%Si Solidification Structure is refined using 1 described device of embodiment and method.
The fine aluminium that technical purity is 99.99% is placed in resistance furnace, after being heated to 850 DEG C, keeps the temperature one at 850 DEG C
Hour, then aluminium alloy is poured into graphite crucible and carries out sample preparation, then sample is respectively cut as 400g.
Arbitrarily two samples is taken to be placed in corundum crucible, place it in resistance furnace and melted, is heated to 850 DEG C of guarantors
A warm hour, above-mentioned two sample is divided into sample 5 and sample 6, when the temperature of melt is reduced to 800 DEG C, sample 5 is only applied
Add pulsed magnetic field, then give sample 6 processing of pulse-couple electromagnetic field according to the method for embodiment 1, temperature is reduced to 650 DEG C of stoppings
Processing.The pulse parameter of sample 5 and sample 6 is equal are as follows: pulse current I=500A, pulse frequency f=30Hz, pulse width are
3ms。
After sample solidification, sample is cut, is polished, burn into is taken pictures, research find to pass through pulse magnetic field treatment
Rear solidified structure and treated that solidified structure has apparent difference, the solidified structure of the latter by pulse-couple electromagnetic field
It is more tiny.
Embodiment 5
Pure magnesium solidified structure is refined using 1 described device of embodiment and method.
The pure magnesium that technical purity is 99.99% is placed in resistance furnace, after being heated to 850 DEG C, keeps the temperature one at 850 DEG C
Hour, then molten metal is poured into graphite crucible and carries out sample preparation, then sample is respectively cut as 400g.
Arbitrarily two samples is taken to be placed in corundum crucible, place it in resistance furnace and melted, is heated to 850 DEG C of guarantors
A warm hour, above-mentioned two sample is divided into sample 7 and sample 8, when the temperature of melt is reduced to 800 DEG C, sample 7 is only applied
Add pulsed magnetic field, then give sample 8 processing of pulse-couple electromagnetic field according to the method for embodiment 1, temperature is reduced to 640 DEG C of stoppings
Processing.The pulse parameter of sample 7 and sample 8 is equal are as follows: pulse current I=10000A, pulse frequency f=30Hz, pulse width are
3ms。
After sample solidification, sample is cut, is polished, burn into is taken pictures, research find to pass through pulse magnetic field treatment
Rear solidified structure and treated that solidified structure has apparent difference, the solidified structure of the latter by pulse-couple electromagnetic field
It is more tiny.
Embodiment 6
GCr15 bearing steel solidified structure is refined using 1 described device of embodiment and method.
Arbitrarily taking two pieces of quality is that the GCr15 bearing steel sample of 2Kg is placed in graphite clay crucible, places it in intermediate frequency
It is melted in vaccum sensitive stove, is heated to 1500 DEG C of one hours of heat preservation, above-mentioned two sample is divided into sample 9 and sample
10, when the temperature of melt is reduced to 1400 DEG C, to 9 application pulsed magnetic fields of sample, then according to the method for embodiment 1 to sample 10
Give the processing of pulse-couple electromagnetic field, temperature is reduced to 727 DEG C of stopping processing.The pulse parameter of sample 9 and sample 10 is equal are as follows: pulse
Electric current I=10000A, pulse frequency f=100Hz, pulse width 30ms.
After sample solidification, sample is cut, is polished, burn into is taken pictures, research find to pass through pulse magnetic field treatment
Rear solidified structure and treated that solidified structure has apparent difference, the solidified structure of the latter by pulse-couple electromagnetic field
It is more tiny.
Embodiment 7
A kind of device of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 is arranged with implementation
Example 1 the difference is that, by two blocks of magnet 6 change into apply direct current coil, remaining is constant.
The fine aluminium that technical purity is 99.9% is placed in resistance furnace, after being heated to 850 DEG C, keeps the temperature one at 850 DEG C
Hour, a certain proportion of technical purity is then added into resistance furnace and is 99.99% pure silicon, then keeps the temperature a hour, then
Aluminium alloy is poured into graphite crucible and carries out sample preparation, then sample is respectively cut as 420g.
Arbitrarily two samples is taken to be placed in corundum crucible, place it in resistance furnace and melted, is heated to 850 DEG C of guarantors
A warm hour, above-mentioned two sample is divided into sample 11 and sample 12, when the temperature of melt is reduced to 720 DEG C, to sample 11
Only apply pulsed magnetic field, then give sample 12 processing of pulse-couple electromagnetic field according to the method for embodiment 1, temperature is reduced to 566
DEG C stopping processing.The pulse power parameters of sample 11 and sample 12 are equal are as follows: pulse current I=1000A, pulse frequency f=30Hz,
Pulse width is 3ms.
After sample solidification, sample is cut, is polished, burn into is taken pictures, research find to pass through pulse magnetic field treatment
Rear solidified structure and treated that solidified structure has apparent difference, the solidified structure of the latter by pulse-couple electromagnetic field
It is more tiny
Embodiment 8
Al-5wt.%Cu Solidification Structure is refined using 6 described device of embodiment and method.
The fine aluminium that technical purity is 99.99% is placed in resistance furnace, after being heated to 800 DEG C, keeps the temperature one at 800 DEG C
Hour, a certain proportion of technical purity is then added into resistance furnace and is 99.99% fine copper, then keeps the temperature a hour, then
Molten metal is poured into graphite crucible and carries out sample preparation, then sample is respectively cut as 400g.
Arbitrarily two samples is taken to be placed in corundum crucible, place it in resistance furnace and melted, is heated to 800 DEG C of guarantors
A warm hour, above-mentioned two sample is divided into sample 13 and sample 14, when the temperature of melt is reduced to 750 DEG C, to sample 13
Only apply pulsed magnetic field, then give sample 14 processing of pulse-couple electromagnetic field according to the method for embodiment 1, temperature is reduced to 545
DEG C stopping processing.The pulse parameter of sample 13 and sample 14 is equal are as follows: pulse current I=5000A, pulse frequency f=30Hz, pulse
Width is 3ms.
After sample solidification, sample is cut, is polished, burn into is taken pictures, research find to pass through pulse magnetic field treatment
Rear solidified structure and treated that solidified structure has apparent difference, the solidified structure of the latter by pulse-couple electromagnetic field
It is more tiny.
Embodiment 9 is to embodiment 15
Embodiment 9 to embodiment 15 processing with the sample 2 in embodiment 2, the difference is that pulse power parameters, point
It is not as follows:
| Serial number | Pulse current/A | Pulse frequency/Hz | Pulse width/ms |
| Embodiment 9 | 2500 | 1 | 0.1 |
| Embodiment 10 | 5000 | 5 | 80 |
| Embodiment 11 | 10000 | 500 | 100 |
| Embodiment 12 | 12000 | 1000 | 200 |
| Embodiment 13 | 15000 | 2000 | 300 |
| Embodiment 14 | 18000 | 3500 | 400 |
| Embodiment 15 | 20000 | 5000 | 500 |
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture, which is characterized in that in solidification of metal melt process
In, applying pulse-couple electromagnetic field to it, the pulse-couple electromagnetic field is the generation that intercoupled by pulsed magnetic field and magnetostatic field,
The pulsed magnetic field is formed by pulse power connection pulsed coil, and wherein pulsed coil is placed on around metal bath, described quiet
Magnetic field is formed by the coil of the magnet or application direct current that are symmetrically disposed at metal bath opposite sides, makes metal bath surface
And its inside generates convection current and oscillation under pulse-couple electromagnetic field effect.
2. the method for pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The pulse power parameters of pulsed magnetic field are as follows: export electric current I=500A~20000A, 0.1~500ms of pulse width, practical function
Frequency f=1~5000Hz.
3. the method for pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Central magnetic field intensity B=0.1~5T of magnetostatic field.
4. the method for pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Pulsed magnetic field and magnetostatic field are applied to metal bath simultaneously.
5. the method for pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that normal
Under normal temperature and pressure environment, start to apply pulse-couple electromagnetic field when metal bath temperature reaches corresponding tapping temperature, and in gold
Belong to when liquid temperature drops to freezing point or less and stops applying.
6. a kind of device of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture, which is characterized in that including metal vessel (2),
The pulse power (1), pulsed coil (4), magnet or DC coil (6) and Temperature-collection Recorder (3), the metal vessel
(2) it is placed in pulsed coil (4), pulsed coil (4) is connected by conducting wire (5) with the pulse power (1), the magnet or direct current
It is external that coil (6) is placed on metal vessel (2).
7. the device of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described
Magnet or DC coil (6) are placed on pulsed coil (4) outside.
8. the device of pulse-couple electromagnetic field thinning metal solidification texture according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described
The pulse power (1) is made of charging system (11), capacitor (12) and switch (13), and capacitor (12) is by switch (14) by conducting wire
(5) it is connected with the pulsed coil (4) of the container (2) of receiving molten metal outside, capacitor (12) discharges to pulsed coil (4), generates
Pulsed magnetic field.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN109773165A (en) * | 2019-01-09 | 2019-05-21 | 上海大学 | Pulse magneto oscillation melting and heat treatment prepare the integrated melting casting device of magnetic refrigeration bulk |
| CN112014266A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-12-01 | 上海大学 | High-temperature metal melt dynamic fluidity testing device and metal melt flow measuring method |
| CN113337704A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-03 | 四川大学 | Method for realizing alternating or pulse magnetic field action through static magnetic field facility |
| CN113547088A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-10-26 | 南昌航空大学 | Novel intelligent electromagnetic pulse grain refining system and method |
| CN114289693A (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-04-08 | 北京科技大学 | Device for producing GH4169 nickel-based high-temperature alloy |
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Application publication date: 20181211 |