CN114285049B - Control method for participation of power type capacitor and PMSG fan in primary frequency modulation - Google Patents
Control method for participation of power type capacitor and PMSG fan in primary frequency modulation Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method for a power type capacitor cooperated with a PMSG fan to participate in primary frequency modulation, which adopts a super capacitor to upgrade a grid-connected converter of the PMSG fan, and provides a control strategy for cooperatively participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid by using energy storage and the PMSG fan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy power generation, and particularly relates to a control method for participation of a power type capacitor and a PMSG fan in primary frequency modulation.
Background
Wind driven generators generally operate in an MPPT mode, so that the frequency modulation capacity of the wind driven generators is mainly limited by the upward power modulation capacity, and the wind driven generators cannot participate in primary frequency modulation of a power grid under all working conditions. In addition, the latest electric power system safety and stability guideline GB 38755-2019 requires new energy to be characterized by being grid-connected and friendly, and the new energy is required to participate in primary frequency modulation of a power grid as the traditional thermal power and hydroelectric power. Therefore, many students have developed a study on the participation of PMSG wind generators in primary frequency modulation of the power grid as follows:
li Junhui, gao Zhuo, an energy storage primary frequency modulation control strategy based on a dynamic sagging coefficient and an SOC base point should be proposed, and the prior art proposes an energy storage primary frequency modulation control strategy based on a dynamic sagging coefficient and a dynamic SOC base point for electrochemical energy storage, so that the energy storage frequency modulation effect is ensured, the energy storage electric quantity is considered, and the energy storage resources are utilized efficiently to meet the primary frequency modulation requirement of a power grid for wind power generation. However, the document only considers that energy storage is adopted to respond to the power grid frequency modulation requirement, the frequency modulation capability of the wind driven generator is not deeply excavated, and in fact, the kinetic energy of the rotor can also provide certain energy for the wind driven generator to respond to the primary frequency modulation of the power grid. In addition, the electrochemical energy storage belongs to energy type energy storage, and particularly, the centralized large-scale electrochemical energy storage is more suitable for peak shaving, and the distributed power type energy storage is more ideal for frequent and rapid primary frequency modulation requirements of a power grid.
Yan Xiangwu, wang Desheng and Yang Linlin propose a coordinated control strategy of inertia support and primary frequency modulation of a direct-driven fan, and the prior art proposes a coordinated control strategy of inertia support and primary frequency modulation aiming at a single grid-connected direct-driven fan under a full wind speed working condition, virtual inertia support is realized by using mechanical kinetic energy of a wind turbine through additional power given control, energy storage is configured on the DC bus side of a back-to-back converter, and a primary frequency modulation function is realized by combining variable power tracking control. However, the manner of sharing the dc bus may cause the dc bus to flow a current exceeding the original design peak value, and at the same time, cause the current of the switching device of the fan converter to exceed the maximum peak current that the switching device of the fan converter can bear, so that the fan converter generates irreversible damage. Therefore, the mode of sharing the direct current bus needs to be tightly matched by a blower manufacturer, and the blower converter is deeply modified from the mode of device selection, which obviously is difficult to operate in engineering practice.
The prior art can show that the existing method for participating in primary frequency modulation of the power grid by combining energy storage with a wind driven generator is mainly divided into two types: one is to use centralized energy type energy storage, starting from the frequency modulation capability of the energy storage, but not deeply excavating the frequency modulation capability of the wind driven generator; the other is to use distributed power type energy storage, but because of adopting a mode of sharing a direct current bus, the cost of the energy storage converter can be saved, but the fan converter needs to be deeply transformed from the mode selection of devices, and obviously, engineering application is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a technology for cooperatively participating in primary frequency modulation of a power grid by adding an energy storage frequency modulation unit at a PMSG fan grid-connected point without changing the structure and control of a back-to-back converter of the PMSG fan and reserving spare capacity for frequency modulation.
A control method for participation of a power type capacitor in cooperation with a PMSG fan in primary frequency modulation comprises the following steps:
step 1: an energy storage frequency modulation unit is additionally arranged at a PMSG fan grid-connected point;
step 2: frequency f of PMSG fan grid-connected point is detected through phase-locked loop (PLL) pll And calculates the frequency deviation delta f of the grid-connected point
Step 3: setting primary frequency modulation dead zone f dz And judges whether the absolute value of the grid-connected point frequency deviation delta f exceeds f dz The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If |Δf| is less than or equal to f dz Returning to the step 2 to continuously detect delta f, otherwise, entering the step 4 to start primary frequency modulation;
step 4: calculating the total power demand delta P of frequency modulation according to the set difference adjustment coefficient delta M ；
Step 5: judging the positive and negative of the delta f, and if the delta f is more than 0, indicating that the system power is insufficient, injecting active power into the power grid; at the moment, frequency modulation power is provided by utilizing the kinetic energy of the fan, and the minimum rotation speed limit value of the fan for exiting frequency modulation is set as omega min When omega r ＞ω min When the fan is started, the fan sends up frequency modulation power; if omega r ≤ω min The fan exits the frequency modulation, and the residual power shortage is supplemented by the super capacitor, namely, the step 6 is entered;
step 6: judging the charge state of the super capacitor (S SOC ) Whether within the allowable range of the system;
step 7: if Δf is less than or equal to 0, indicating that the system power is excessive, reducing the active power injected into the power grid;
step 8: when S is soc ＞S max When the super capacitor exits the frequency modulation, if the system power is still excessive at the moment, the active output force of the fan is reduced;
step 9: in order to avoid that the fan is cut out due to overspeed of the rotor, the pitch angle of the fan needs to be adjusted at the moment, and MPPT control is stopped;
step 10: judging whether the absolute value of the frequency deviation delta f is smaller than the primary frequency modulation dead zone f dz If |Δf| is less than or equal to f dz And ending the primary frequency modulation.
In step 2, when calculating the grid-connected point frequency deviation Δf, the formula adopted is:
Δf＝f n -f pll (1)
wherein f n Rated frequency for the power grid;
in step 4, the calculation formula adopted is:
in step 5, when ω r ＞ω min When the fan increases the frequency modulation power according to the following steps:
in step 6, if S min ≤S SOC ≤S max Correcting the sagging coefficient of the energy storage control to enable the super capacitor to output the power required by the symbol, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein DeltaP sc_o The power is output for the super capacitor; k is the sag factor.
In step 7, when the active power injected into the power grid is reduced, the super capacitor is firstly utilized to absorb part of the power output by the PMSG wind driven generator to the greatest extent, and the abandoned wind is reduced as much as possibleThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the S for judging super capacitor SOC Whether or not the system is within the allowable range, if S soc ≤S max The super capacitor is charged with the maximum droop coefficient, and the formula is as follows:
ΔP sc_i ＝k max Δf (4)
wherein DeltaP sc_i Absorbing power for the super capacitor; k (k) max Is the maximum droop coefficient of the super capacitor.
In step 8, the fan needs to reduce the active output to be:
ΔP e_sub ＝ΔP M -ΔP sc_i (5)
wherein DeltaP e_sub The fan requires reduced active power.
In step 9, the fan needs to adjust the pitch angle, exit the MPPT control, keep:
P M ＝P MPPT -ΔP e_sub (6)
wherein P is MPPT Maximum power captured during MPPT control; p (P) M Which is the power actually captured by the fan.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1) Aiming at the defect that the existing fans participate in the primary frequency modulation technology of the power grid, the invention provides a control method for the participation of the power capacitor in cooperation with the PMSG fans in primary frequency modulation, the invention does not need to change the structure of a back-to-back converter of the PMSG fans, adopts a power type energy storage-super capacitor, reasonably utilizes the frequency modulation capability of the fans and flexible control of the energy storage converter, improves the economy of the PMSG wind driven generators participating in the frequency modulation of the power grid, and is also suitable for the transformation of the put-into-operation fans;
2) The invention can effectively enhance the primary frequency modulation capability of the PMSG fan participating in the power grid under the full working condition, responds to the requirements of the latest electric power system safety and stability guide rule GB 38755-2019, does not need to change the structure and control of a back-to-back converter of the PMSG fan, does not need to reserve spare capacity for frequency modulation, and adopts a wind-storage cooperative control mode, thereby maximally utilizing the frequency modulation capability of the fan, reducing the capacity configuration of a super capacitor as much as possible, and improving the economy of the PMSG fan participating in the power grid frequency modulation in the full life cycle.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a PMSG fan structure based on super capacitors;
FIG. 2 is a grid-tie point frequency deviation Δf calculation module;
FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of a PMSG fan side converter;
fig. 4 is a DC/DC control block diagram of an energy storage converter;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the coordinated control of stroke storage according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, a control method for participation of a power capacitor in primary frequency modulation by cooperation with a PMSG fan comprises the following steps:
a1 The energy storage frequency modulation unit is additionally arranged at the PMSG fan grid connection point and mainly comprises an energy storage converter and a super capacitor, as shown in figure 1;
a2 Detecting the frequency f of the PMSG wind generator grid-connected point by a phase-locked loop (PLL) pll And calculates the grid-connected point frequency deviation delta f by the following calculation method:
Δf＝f n -f pll (1)
wherein f n =50hz is the grid nominal frequency;
a3 Setting primary frequency modulation dead zone f dz And judges whether the absolute value of the grid-connected point frequency deviation delta f exceeds f dz . If |Δf| is less than or equal to f dz Returning to A2) to continuously detect Δf, otherwise entering A4) to start primary frequency modulation;
a4 Calculating the total power demand delta P of frequency modulation according to the set difference adjustment coefficient delta M The following are provided:
a5 Judging the positive or negative of deltaf. If Deltaf > 0, the system power is insufficient, and active power needs to be injected into the power grid. At this time, first of allThe kinetic energy of the fan is utilized to the greatest extent to provide frequency modulation power, so that the capacity of the super capacitor is reduced, and the transformation cost is reduced. To avoid fan due to rotor speed omega r Cutting off the fan at too low, and setting the minimum rotation speed limit value of the fan for exiting frequency modulation as omega min When omega r ＞ω min When the fan increases the frequency modulation power according to the following steps:
if omega r ≤ω min The fan exits the frequency modulation, and the residual power shortage is supplemented by the super capacitor, namely, the step A6 is entered;
a6 Judging the charge state of the super capacitor (S) SOC ) Whether or not the system is within the allowable range, if S min ≤S SOC ≤S max Correcting the sagging coefficient of the energy storage control to enable the super capacitor to output the power required by the symbol, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein DeltaP sc_o The power is output for the super capacitor; k is a sag factor;
a7 If Δf is less than or equal to 0, indicating that the system power is excessive, and reducing the active power injected into the power grid. At this time, the super capacitor is utilized to absorb part of the power output by the PMSG wind driven generator to the greatest extent, and the abandoned wind is reduced as much as possible. S for judging super capacitor SOC Whether or not the system is within the allowable range, if S soc ≤S max The super capacitor is charged with the maximum droop coefficient, and the formula is as follows:
ΔP sc_i ＝k max Δf (4)
wherein DeltaP sc_i Absorbing power for the super capacitor; k (k) max The maximum sagging coefficient of the super capacitor;
a8 When S soc ＞S max When the super capacitor is out of frequency modulation, if the system power is still excessive at the moment, the fanThe active output needs to be reduced by the following reduction:
ΔP e_sub ＝ΔP M -ΔP sc_i (5)
wherein DeltaP e_sub The fan requires reduced active power;
a9 To avoid the fan from being cut out due to rotor overspeed, the fan needs to adjust the pitch angle at this time, exits the MPPT control, and keeps:
P M ＝P MPPT -ΔP e_sub (6)
wherein P is MPPT Maximum power captured during MPPT control; p (P) M Which is the power actually captured by the fan.
A10 Again determining whether the absolute value of the frequency deviation deltaf is smaller than the primary frequency modulation dead zone f dz If |Δf| is less than or equal to f dz And ending the primary frequency modulation. The wind-storage coordination control flow is shown in fig. 5.
According to the invention, the structure and control of the back-to-back converter of the PMSG fan are not required to be changed, the spare capacity for frequency modulation is not required to be reserved, and the energy storage frequency modulation unit is additionally arranged at the grid connection point of the PMSG fan, so that wind storage is utilized to cooperatively participate in primary frequency modulation of a power grid, and the requirement of the latest electric power system safety and stability guide rule GB 38755-2019 is responded.
Claims (7)
1. A control method for participation of a power type capacitor in cooperation with a PMSG fan in primary frequency modulation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: an energy storage frequency modulation unit is additionally arranged at a PMSG fan grid connection point and comprises an energy storage converter and a super capacitor;
step 2: frequency f of PMSG fan grid-connected point is detected through phase-locked loop PLL pll And calculates the frequency deviation delta f of the grid-connected point
Step 3: setting primary frequency modulation dead zone f dz And judges whether the absolute value of the grid-connected point frequency deviation delta f exceeds f dz The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If |Δf| is less than or equal to f dz Returning to the step 2 to continuously detect delta f, otherwise, entering the step 4 to start primary frequency modulation;
step 4: calculating the total power demand delta P of frequency modulation according to the set difference adjustment coefficient delta M ；
Step 5: judging the positive and negative of the delta f, and if the delta f is more than 0, indicating that the system power is insufficient, injecting active power into the power grid; at the moment, frequency modulation power is provided by utilizing the kinetic energy of the fan, and the minimum rotation speed limit value of the fan for exiting frequency modulation is set as omega min When omega r ＞ω min When the fan is started, the fan sends up frequency modulation power; if omega r ≤ω min The fan exits the frequency modulation, and the residual power shortage is supplemented by the super capacitor, namely, the step 6 is entered;
step 6: judging the charge state S of the super capacitor SOC Whether within the allowable range of the system;
step 7: if Δf is less than or equal to 0, indicating that the system power is excessive, reducing the active power injected into the power grid;
step 8: when S is soc ＞S max When the super capacitor exits the frequency modulation, if the system power is still excessive at the moment, the active output force of the fan is reduced;
step 9: in order to avoid that the fan is cut out due to overspeed of the rotor, the pitch angle of the fan needs to be adjusted at the moment, and MPPT control is stopped;
step 10: judging whether the absolute value of the frequency deviation delta f is smaller than the primary frequency modulation dead zone f dz If |Δf| is less than or equal to f dz And ending the primary frequency modulation.
2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
in step 2, when calculating the grid-connected point frequency deviation Δf, the formula adopted is:
Δf＝f n -f pll (1)
wherein f n Rated frequency for the power grid;
in step 4, the calculation formula adopted is:
3. the control method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step of5, when ω r ＞ω min When the fan increases the frequency modulation power according to the following steps:
4. a control method according to claim 3, wherein in step 6, if S min ≤S SOC ≤S max Correcting the sagging coefficient of the energy storage control to enable the super capacitor to output power meeting the requirement, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein DeltaP sc_o The power is output for the super capacitor; k is the sag factor.
5. The control method according to claim 1, wherein in step 7, when reducing active power injected into the power grid, the supercapacitor is firstly utilized to absorb part of power output by the PMSG wind generator to the greatest extent, and the wind disposal is reduced as much as possible; s for judging super capacitor SOC Whether or not the system is within the allowable range, if S soc ≤S max The super capacitor is charged with the maximum droop coefficient, and the formula is as follows:
ΔP sc_i ＝k max Δf (4)
wherein DeltaP sc_i Absorbing power for the super capacitor; k (k) max Is the maximum droop coefficient of the super capacitor.
6. The control method according to claim 5, wherein in step 8, the fan needs to reduce the active force to:
ΔP e_sub ＝ΔP M -ΔP sc_i (5)
wherein DeltaP e_sub Active power reduction required by fans。
7. The method of claim 6, wherein in step 9, the fan is required to adjust the pitch angle, exit MPPT control, and maintain:
P M ＝P MPPT -ΔP e_sub (6)
wherein P is MPPT Maximum power captured during MPPT control; p (P) M Which is the power actually captured by the fan.
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| CN113517706A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-10-19 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Primary frequency modulation coordination control method, system, equipment and storage medium for wind storage system |
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| CN111835040A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-27 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Novel frequency modulation strategy for direct-drive fan |
| CN112600225A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-02 | 华中科技大学 | Control method and system for primary frequency modulation of wind storage system |
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