CN114269379A - 用于治疗阿尔茨海默病的方法和组合物 - Google Patents
用于治疗阿尔茨海默病的方法和组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本文提供了用于调控神经元中负责突触的组装和解离(包括β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)介导的突触毒性和突触损失)的信号传导通路及其组分的方法和药剂。本文还提供了用于筛选和识别能够调控突触形成和(Aβ)介导的突触毒性的候选药剂的方法。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请根据35 U.S.C.§ 119(e)要求2019年6月28日提交的美国序列号62/868,407和2020年5月4日提交的美国序列号63/019,970的优先权的权益,每一个的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
授权信息
本发明是在国立卫生研究院授予的授权号MH116667下在政府支持下完成的。美国政府对本发明拥有一定的权利。
序列表
本申请包含序列表,该序列表已经以ASCII格式电子提交,并通过引用整体并入本文。所述ASCII副本创建于2020年6月22日,命名为20378-202583_SL.txt,大小为115 KB。
背景技术
发明领域
本申请大体上涉及调节神经元中突触的形成和维持的信号传导通路,以及β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)低聚物介导的突触毒性(synaptotoxicity)和相关疾病和病状的分子机制。本申请还涉及用于调节神经元中突触的组装(assembly)和解离(disassembly)以及用于神经退行性疾病的控制、预防和治疗的方法和药剂。
背景信息
谷氨酸能突触的损失是阿尔茨海默病的发病机制中的重要早期步骤,并且被认为是由低聚β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)诱导的。β淀粉样蛋白如何导致谷氨酸能突触损失以前是未知的。减少β淀粉样蛋白产生或清除的方法容易产生副作用,因为产生β淀粉样蛋白的酶和细胞过程在许多组织中具有重要功能,并且β淀粉样蛋白本身具有正常的生理功能。对于更好地了解Aβ介导的突触毒性和随后的病状和疾病的分子机制,以及基于机制鉴定和设计用于研究和治疗用途的有效调节剂的方法,存在未满足的需求。对于提供用于预防、控制和治疗与Aβ介导的突触毒性相关的病状和疾病(例如由突触损失引起的神经退行性疾病)的治疗方法和药剂也存在未满足的需求。本发明满足了这些需求。
发明的概述
本文提供了用于调控神经元中负责突触的组装和解离(包括β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)介导的突触毒性和突触损失)的信号传导通路及其组分的方法和药剂。本文还提供了用于筛选和识别能够调控突触形成和(Aβ)介导的突触毒性的候选药剂的方法。
在一方面,本文提供用于减少或预防神经元群体中β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)诱导的突触损失的方法。在一些实施方案中,用于减少或预防神经元群体中β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)诱导的突触损失的方法包括使神经元与有效量的阻断Aβ与Celsr结合的Aβ抑制剂接触。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7、EGF8和/或层粘连蛋白(Laminin)G1结构域。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的层粘连蛋白G1结构域。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ是低聚Aβ。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,抗体或抗原结合片段结合Celsr的EGF7、EGF8或层粘连蛋白G1结构域中的表位。在一些实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体特异性结合Celsr。在一些实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体优先结合Celsr3而不是Celsr2。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Celsr竞争结合Aβ。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是结合Aβ的抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂包含Celsr3肽。在一些实施方案中,Celsr3肽包含(a)Celsr的一个或多个层粘连蛋白Gl结构域或其功能变体,(b)Celsr的一个或多个EGF7结构域或其功能变体,(c)Celsr的一个或多个EGF8结构域或其功能变体,(d)Celsr的一个或多个细胞外结构域或其功能变体,或者(e)(a)至(d)的任何组合。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂包含与免疫球蛋白Fc区融合的Celsr3肽。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr肽包含具有如SEQ ID NO: 35或SEQ ID NO: 36中列出的氨基酸序列的Celsr3的层粘连蛋白G1结构域或其功能变体。在一些实施方案中,功能变体具有与SEQ ID NO: 35或SEQ ID NO: 36具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr肽包含具有如SEQ ID NO: 37或SEQ ID NO: 38中列出的氨基酸序列的Celsr3的EGF7结构域或其功能变体。在一些实施方案中,功能变体具有与SEQ ID NO: 37或SEQ ID NO: 38具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr肽包含具有如SEQ ID NO: 39中列出的氨基酸序列的Celsr3的EGF8结构域或其功能变体。在一些实施方案中,功能变体具有与SEQ ID NO: 39具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,方法进一步包含使神经元群体与Ryk抑制剂接触。在一些实施方案中,方法进一步包含使神经元群体与Vangl抑制剂接触。在一些实施方案中,方法进一步包含使神经元群体与Celsr激动剂接触。在一些实施方案中,方法进一步包含使神经元群体与Frizzled激动剂接触。
在另一方面,本文提供调控神经元群体中突触的形成的方法。在一些实施方案中,调控神经元群体中突触的形成的方法包括调控一种或多种平面细胞极性(PCP)信号传导通路组分和/或Wnt介导的信号传导通路的一种或多种组分。在具体实施方案中,Wnt介导的信号传导通路是非经典Wnt信号传导通路。
在一些实施方案中,PCP信号传导通路组分选自Celsr、Frizzled和Vangl。在一些实施方案中,非经典Wnt信号传导通路组分是Ryk。
在一些实施方案中,调控的步骤包含使神经元与Ryk抑制剂接触。在一些实施方案中,调控的步骤包含使神经元与Vangl抑制剂接触。在一些实施方案中,调控的步骤包含使神经元与Celsr激动剂接触。在一些实施方案中,调控的步骤包含使神经元与Frizzled激动剂接触。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂减少或抑制Ryk与Wnt结合。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂是抗Ryk抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂抑制或减少神经元中Ryk表达。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂减少或抑制神经元中Vangl的表达。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂减少或抑制Vangl与(a)Celsr、(b)Frizzled和/或(c)包含Celsr和Frizzled的复合物的结合。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂减少或抑制Vangl破坏在突触的突触前膜和突触后膜处由Celsr形成的细胞内复合物。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂在神经元中(a)增加Celsr表达、(b)减少位于神经元的突触部位的Celsr的内吞作用和/或(c)增加Celsr到突触部位的运输。
在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂在神经元中(a)增加Frizzled表达、(b)减少位于神经元的突触部位的Frizzled的内吞作用和/或(c)增加Frizzled到突触部位的运输。
在一些实施方案中,神经元群体在对象中,并且任何接触步骤通过向对象施用(a)Aβ抑制剂、(b)Ryk抑制剂、(c)Vangl抑制剂、(d)Celsr激动剂和/或(e)Frizzled激动剂进行。在一些实施方案中,神经元群体在对象的脑中。在一些实施方案中,对象患有或有风险发展神经退行性疾病。
在相关方面,本文还提供用于控制、预防或治疗对象中神经退行性疾病的方法。在一些实施方案中,用于控制、预防或治疗对象中神经退行性疾病的方法包括向对象施用治疗有效量的阻断Aβ与Celsr结合的β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)抑制剂。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7、EGF8和/或层粘连蛋白G1结构域。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ是低聚Aβ。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,抗体或抗原结合片段结合Celsr的EGF7、EGF8或层粘连蛋白G1结构域中的表位。
在一些实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体特异性结合Celsr3。在一些实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体优先结合Celsr3而不是Celsr2。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Celsr3竞争结合Aβ。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是结合Aβ的抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂包含Celsr3肽。在一些实施方案中,Celsr3肽包含(a)Celsr的一个或多个层粘连蛋白G1结构域或其功能变体、(b)Celsr的一个或多个EGF7结构域或其功能变体、(c)Celsr的一个或多个EGF8结构域或其功能变体、(d)Celsr的一个或多个细胞外结构域或其功能变体、或者(e)(a)至(d)的任何组合。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂包含与免疫球蛋白Fc区融合的Celsr3肽。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr3肽包含具有如SEQ ID NO: 35或SEQ ID NO: 36中列出的氨基酸序列的Celsr的层粘连蛋白G1结构域或其功能变体。在一些实施方案中,功能变体具有与SEQ ID NO: 35或SEQ ID NO: 36具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr3肽包含具有如SEQ ID NO: 37或SEQ ID NO: 38中列出的氨基酸序列的Celsr的EGF7结构域或其功能变体。在一些实施方案中,功能变体具有与SEQ ID NO: 37或SEQ ID NO: 38具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr3肽包含具有如SEQ ID NO: 39中列出的氨基酸序列的Celsr的EGF8结构域或其功能变体。在一些实施方案中,功能变体具有与SEQ ID NO: 39具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的氨基酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,方法进一步包含向对象施用至少一种选自Ryk抑制剂、Vangl抑制剂、Celsr激动剂或Frizzled激动剂的另外的治疗剂。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂减少或抑制Ryk与Wnt结合。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂是抗Ryk抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂抑制或减少神经元中Ryk表达。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂减少或抑制神经元中Vangl的表达。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂减少或抑制Vangl与(a)Celsr、(b)Frizzled和/或(c)包含Celsr和Frizzled的复合物的结合。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂减少或抑制Vangl破坏在突触的突触前膜和突触后膜处由Celsr3形成的细胞内复合物。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂在神经元中(a)增加Celsr表达、(b)减少膜相关的Celsr的内吞作用和/或(c)增加Celsr到突触部位的运输。
在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂在神经元中(a)增加Frizzled表达、(b)减少膜相关的Frizzled的内吞作用和/或(c)增加Frizzled到突触部位的运输。
在一些实施方案中,神经退行性疾病是阿尔茨海默病或帕金森病。在一些实施方案中,对象中神经元群体中突触的数量增加。
在一些实施方案中,用于减少或预防神经元群体中β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)诱导的突触损失的本发明的方法,或者用于减少或预防神经元群体中β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)诱导的突触损失的本发明的方法,或者用于控制、预防或治疗对象中神经退行性疾病的本发明的方法能够在用本文所述的调节剂和治疗剂治疗的神经元群体中产生一种或多种作用。
在一些实施方案中,本发明的方法能够在增加的神经元群体中增加包含Celsr和Frizzled的复合物的量或数量。在一些实施方案中,复合物进一步包含Vangl。在一些实施方案中,复合物进一步包含Ryk。
在一些实施方案中,复合物的形成由Celsr的层粘连蛋白G1结构域介导。在一些实施方案中,复合物的解离由Vangl介导。
在一些实施方案中,复合物包含在神经元群体的第一神经元中共表达的Celsr和Frizzled。在一些实施方案中,复合物进一步包含在神经元群体中的第二神经元中表达的Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物是通过由第一神经元和第二神经元表达的Celsr的细胞外结构域之间的相互作用形成的。在一些实施方案中,细胞外结构域是Celsr的层粘连蛋白G1结构域。在一些实施方案中,第一神经元和第二神经元形成突触并且复合物位于突触处。
在一些实施方案中,复合物包含突触前Celsr和突触前Frizzled。在一些实施方案中,复合物进一步包含突触后Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物进一步包含突触前Ryk。在一些实施方案中,复合物进一步包含突触后Vangl。在一些实施方案中,复合物稳定神经元群体中的突触。
在一些实施方案中,本发明的方法能够增加位于突触前部位的Frizzled的量。在一些实施方案中,本发明的方法能够增加位于突触前部位和/或突触后部位的Celsr的量。
在一些实施方案中,本发明的方法能够增加神经元群体中突触的数量。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在一些实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。在一些实施方案中,神经元群体包含小脑颗粒神经元、背根神经节神经元、皮质神经元、交感神经元或海马神经元。
在另一方面,本文还提供了用于选择能够调控神经元群体中突触形成的药剂的方法。在一些实施方案中,方法包括提供包含表达Frizzled和Celsr的第一细胞和表达Vangl的第二细胞的细胞群体;测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的联系(association)的第一水平;使候选药剂与细胞群体接触;测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的联系的第二水平;以及如果联系的第二水平与联系的第一水平不同,选择候选药剂作为调节剂。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr或Celsr变体在细胞的表面被表达。在一些实施方案中,第二细胞进一步表达Celsr。在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是神经元。在一些实施方案中,第二细胞进一步表达Celsr。在一些实施方案中,第一细胞进一步表达Ryk。
在一些实施方案中,测量步骤包含测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的结合亲和力。在一些实施方案中,测量步骤包含测量Celsr和Vangl之间的结合亲和力。
在一些实施方案中,测量步骤通过测量细胞群体中包含Celsr和Frizzled的复合物的量进行。在一些实施方案中,复合物的量通过来自细胞群体的Celsr和Frizzled的免疫共沉淀测量。在一些实施方案中,复合物的量通过来自细胞群体的Celsr和Vangl的免疫共沉淀测量。
在一些实施方案中,测量步骤通过测量细胞中Celsr和Frizzled的共定位水平进行。在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是形成突触的神经元,并且Celsr和Frizzled的共定位是在神经元的突触部位。在一些实施方案中,测量共定位水平的步骤通过显微镜观察Celsr和Frizzled进行。
在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是神经元,并且测量步骤包含测量神经元中位于突触部位的Celsr的量。在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是神经元,并且测量步骤包含测量神经元中位于突触部位的Frizzled的量。在一些实施方案中,测量包含通过显微镜观察Celsr或Frizzled。在一些实施方案中,测量进一步包含通过显微镜观察突触标记物。在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是神经元,并且测量步骤通过测量神经元中形成的突触的数量进行。
在一些实施方案中,候选药剂包含小分子化合物、核酸或肽。在一些实施方案中,候选药剂包含microRNA、siRNA或基于CRISPR基因编辑的构建体。在一些实施方案中,候选药剂是抗体或其抗原结合片段。
在一些实施方案中,方法在低聚Aβ存在下进行。在一些实施方案中,方法在Wnt存在下进行。
在一些实施方案中,细胞的基因组包含Ryk基因的杂合或纯合缺失、失活或敲除。在一些实施方案中,细胞的基因组进一步包含Vangl基因的杂合或纯合缺失、失活或敲除。
在一些实施方案中,细胞群体在非人类哺乳动物中,并且接触步骤通过将候选药剂施用至非人类哺乳动物进行。
在又一方面,本文还提供用于选择预防或减少Aβ介导的神经毒性的β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)抑制剂的方法。在具体实施方案中,选择预防或减少Aβ介导的神经毒性的β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)抑制剂的方法包含在Aβ存在下使候选药剂与Celsr或Celsr变体接触;以及如果候选药剂减少或抑制Aβ与Celsr或Celsr变体的结合,选择候选药剂作为Aβ抑制剂。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr或Celsr变体在细胞的表面被表达。在一些实施方案中,细胞是神经元。在一些实施方案中,细胞在体外细胞培养物中。在一些实施方案中,细胞在非人类哺乳动物细胞中。在一些实施方案中,Celsr或Celsr变体被固定在固体支持物上。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr变体包含以下的缺失:(a)一个或多个Celsr钙粘蛋白(cadherin)结构域、(b)一个或多个选自EFG1、EFG2、EFG3、EFG4、EFG5和EFG6的Celsr EFG结构域、(c)一个或多个选自层粘连蛋白G2和层粘连蛋白G3的Celsr层粘连蛋白结构域或(d)(a)至(c)的任何组合。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr变体基本上由一个或多个选自EFG7、EFG8和层粘连蛋白G1的Celsr细胞外结构域组成。在一些实施方案中,Aβ是包含约2-5个Aβ单体的低聚Aβ。
在一些实施方案中,候选药剂包含小分子化合物、核酸或肽。在一些实施方案中,候选药剂是抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,抗体或抗原结合片段与Celsr的EFG7、EFG8或层粘连蛋白G1结构域中的表位结合。在一些实施方案中,候选药剂是抗Aβ抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,候选药剂是候选药剂文库的成员。
在一些实施方案中,方法进一步包含将选择的候选药剂施用于患有或有风险发展神经退行性疾病的对象。在一些实施方案中,对象中神经元突触的数量增加。在一些实施方案中,神经退行性疾病被预防或治疗。在一些实施方案中,神经退行性疾病是阿尔茨海默病或帕金森病。在一些实施方案中,Celsr是Celsr3。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled是Frizzled3。在一些实施方案中,Vangl是Vangl2。
附图说明
图1示出了Aβ低聚物的表征。总Aβ42低聚物在12% SDS-PAGE凝胶中与Aβ42单体分离。Aβ42低聚物由范围从2-mer至4-mer的不同尺寸的低聚物组成。
图2表明Vangl2在体外和体内参与Aβ低聚物诱导的突触损失。特别地,图2A是说明用于产生图2B至图2D所示数据的实验设计的示意图。海马神经元在DIV7用AAV-Cre病毒攻击7天,然后用低聚Aβ42攻击;图2B示出了Vangl2 fl/fl海马神经元中AAV-Cre病毒诱导Vangl2表达的敲低;图2C和图2D示出了有或没有低聚Aβ攻击的来自同窝仔畜Vangl2 +/+和Vangl2 fl /fl的14-DIV海马培养物中谷氨酸能突触(箭头)的突触前的(绿色)和突触后的(红色)点(puncta)的免疫染色。来自3个独立实验的Vangl2 +/+小鼠的n=3,Vangl2 fl/fl的n=4。* P <0.05,** P < 0.01和*** P < 0.001,单因素方差分析;图2E是说明图2F和2G中所示数据的实验设计的示意图。将AAV-Cre病毒注射到双侧CA1区域2周,然后将低聚Aβ注射到双侧室中5天;图2F和图2G是有或没有低聚Aβ注射的Vangl2 +/+和Vangl2 fl/fl海马体(CA1)的辐射层中的Bassoon(红色)免疫反应的和PSD95(绿色)免疫反应的点(箭头)的代表性图像。* P <0.05,** P < 0.01,单因素方差分析。Vangl2 +/+小鼠的n=8,有低聚Aβ注射的Vangl2 +/+小鼠的n=3,Vangl2 fl/fl小鼠的n=6以及有低聚Aβ注射的Vangl2 fl/fl小鼠的n=5。* P < 0.05,** P< 0.01,单因素方差分析。图2C和2F中的比例尺为5 μm。平均值±SEM。
图3示出了用低聚Aβ42处理的原代培养的神经元中Celsr3和Vangl2的总表达。
图4A至图4I表明Vangl2破坏Celsr3/Frizzled3-Celsr3的细胞间复合物。具体地,图4A示出了说明细胞间相互作用测试的实验设计的示意图。图4B示出了测试Celsr3和Frizzled3与相邻细胞中Vangl2之间的相互作用的Co-IP试验。图4C示出了co-IPed Celsr3的表达水平的量化数据。** P < 0.01,学生t检验。图4D示出了测试Celsr3和Frizzled3与相邻细胞中Celsr3之间的相互作用的Co-IP试验。学生t检验。图4E示出了co-IPed Celsr3的表达水平的量化数据。图4F示出了说明细胞间相互作用测试的实验设计的示意图。图4G示出了测试一个细胞中的Celsr3/Frizzled3与相邻细胞中的Celsr3之间的细胞间复合物的Co-IP试验。图4H示出了co-IPed Celsr3的表达水平的量化数据。*** P < 0.001,学生t检验。图4I示出了蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用和细胞间复合物的示意图。平均值±SEM。
图4J至图4O表明低聚Aβ在Vangl2存在下破坏Frizzled3和Celsr3之间的相互作用。图4J示出了说明实验设计的示意图。图4K示出了测试在有或没有低聚Aβ42的相同细胞中转染的Celsr3和Frizzled3之间的相互作用的IP试验。图4L示出了co-IPed Celsr3的表达水平的量化数据。学生t检验。图4M示出了说明实验设计的示意图。图4N示出了测试有或没有低聚Aβ42和/或Vangl2的Celsr3和Frizzled3之间的相互作用的IP试验。图4O示出了co-IPed Celsr3的表达水平的量化数据。* P < 0.05和*** P < 0.001。单因素方差分析。平均值±SEM。
图4P至图4V表明低聚Aβ通过改变Celsr3和Vangl2的相对功能(opposingfunctions)的平衡导致突触损失。图4P示出了说明细胞间相互作用测试的实验设计的示意图。图4Q示出了测试低聚Aβ42对一个细胞中的Celsr3/Frizzled3与相邻细胞中的Celsr3之间的细胞间复合物的影响的IP试验。图4R示出了co-IPed Celsr3的表达水平的量化数据。*P < 0.05。学生t检验。图4S示出了说明细胞间相互作用测试的实验设计的示意图。图4T示出了显示低聚Aβ42增强Vangl2在破坏一个细胞中的Celsr3/Frizzled3与相邻细胞中的Celsr3之间的细胞间复合物中的功能的IP试验。图4U示出了co-IPed Frizzled3的表达水平的量化数据。* P < 0.05和*** P < 0.001。单因素方差分析。图4V示出了蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用和细胞间复合物的示意图。平均值±SEM。
图5表明Celsr3是低聚Aβ的受体。具体地,图5A示出了用低聚Aβ42(200 nM总肽,单体等效物)处理Vangl2-Flag(红色)、Frizzled3-HA(红色)、Celsr3-Flag(红色)转染的或对照空载体转染的HEK293T细胞;并且使用488-缀合的链霉亲和素观察结合的低聚Aβ42(绿色);比例尺10 μm;图5B示出了低聚Aβ42与表达Celsr3的HEK293T细胞结合(浓度显示为总肽,单体等效物)。
图6示出了Celsr3-Flag(红色)转染的HEK293T细胞用单体Aβ42(200 nM总肽)处理,并且使用488-缀合的链霉亲和素观察结合的单体Aβ42(绿色)。
图7表明Celsr3是低聚Aβ的受体。具体地,图7A是在细胞外结构域中具有9个钙粘蛋白结构域、8个EGF结构域和3个层粘连蛋白结构域的小鼠Celsr3的示意图。图7B示出了Celsr3-Flag(红色)转染的或截短的Celsr3-Flag(红色)用低聚Aβ42(200 nM总肽,单体等效物)处理,并且使用488-缀合的链霉亲和素观察结合的低聚Aβ42(绿色);比例尺10 μm。
图8A示出了ΔEGF/Lam_Celsr3和Celsr3的表面表达。细胞表面蛋白用生物素标记,然后用Neutravidin琼脂糖沉淀。用指定抗体对沉淀物和总裂解物进行免疫印迹。
图8B示出了具有单个结构域缺失的Celsr3的表面表达。
图8C示出了截短的Celsr3-Flag(红色)转染的HEK293T细胞用低聚Aβ42(200 nM总肽,单体等效物)处理,并且使用488-缀合的链霉亲和素观察结合的低聚Aβ42(绿色);比例尺10 μm。
图9表明在5xFAD转基因小鼠中低聚Aβ与Frizzled3竞争结合Celsr3和Vangl2 cKO挽救谷氨酸能突触。具体地,图9A示出了显示Frizzled3与Celsr3或截短的Celsr3之间的相互作用的IP试验,其不结合在相同细胞中转染的低聚Aβ42和Frizzled3。* P < 0.05。单因素方差分析;图9B示出了显示与Celsr3或截短的Celsr3之间的相互作用的IP试验,其不结合在相同细胞中转染的低聚Aβ42和Vangl2。单因素方差分析。
图10表明在5xFAD转基因小鼠中低聚Aβ与Frizzled3竞争结合Celsr3和Vangl2cKO挽救谷氨酸能突触。具体地,图10A是WT、Vangl2 cKO、5XFAD和5XFAD;Vangl2 cKO海马体(CA1)的辐射层中的Bassoon(红色)免疫反应的和PSD95(绿色)免疫反应的点(箭头)的代表性图像。WT小鼠的n=5,Vangl2cKO小鼠的n=4,5XFAD小鼠的n=4,以及XFAD;Vangl2 cKO小鼠的n=8。平均值±SEM。图10B是分布在神经元突触的PCP组分的示意图。
图11表明Wnt/Vangl2/Ryk信号传导轴介导由低聚β淀粉样蛋白诱导的突触损失。具体地,图11A示出了在Wnt5a和/或Ryk抗体添加至WT海马神经元之后突触的点(箭头)的代表性图像和量化。n=3个实验(IgG对照中n=27个神经元,Ryk抗体中n=22 个神经元,IgG+Wnt5a中n=24,Ryk抗体+Wnt5a中n=20个神经元),* P < 0.05,**P < 0.01。单因素方差分析;比例尺5 μm;图11B示出了在Wnt5a添加至Vangl2+/+和Vangl2fl/fl海马神经元之后突触的点(箭头)的代表性图像和量化。Vangl2+/+小鼠n=3和Vangl2fl/fl小鼠n=4。* P < 0.05,**P < 0.01。单因素方差分析;比例尺5 μm;图11C示出了在添加低聚Aβ和/或Ryk抗体至WT海马神经元之后突触的点(箭头)的代表性图像和量化。n = 3个实验(IgG对照中n = 26个神经元,Ryk抗体中n =33个神经元,低聚Aβ中n = 34个神经元,以及Ryk抗体+低聚Aβ中n = 39个神经元),*** P < 0.001,与IgG对照相比。单因素方差分析;比例尺5 μm;图11D示出了用低聚Aβ42(200 nM总肽,单体等效物)处理小鼠Ryk-HA(红色)或人Ryk-Flag(红色)转染的HEK293T细胞,并且使用488-缀合的链霉亲和素观察结合的低聚Aβ42(绿色);比例尺10 μm。
图12表明在体内Ryk参与低聚β淀粉样蛋白介导的突触毒性。具体地,示出了有或没有低聚Aβ注射的Ryk+/+和Ryk cKO海马体(CA1)的辐射层中的Bassoon(红色)免疫反应的和PSD95(绿色)免疫反应的点(箭头)的代表性图像。* P < 0.05,单因素方差分析。Ryk+/+小鼠的n=4,有低聚Aβ注射的Ryk+/+小鼠的n=3,Ryk cKO小鼠的n=3,以及有低聚Aβ注射的RykcKO小鼠的n=3。平均值±SEM。
图13A和图13B表明Ryk的缺失对阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型中突触数量和认知功能的影响。具体地,图13A示出了Ryk cKO小鼠与5XFAD转基因小鼠杂交。将AAV-Cre注射到8周龄小鼠的海马CA1区域2个月。图13B示出了目标识别程序。
图14A至图14D表明在阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型中单克隆Ryk抗体挽救突触损失。具体地,图14A示出了概述单克隆Ryk抗体输注的实验细节的时间线。图14B是示出插管和微型泵的植入的示意图。图14C示出了辐射层中的Bassoon(红色)免疫反应的和PSD95(绿色)免疫反应的点(箭头)的代表性图像。图14D示出了突触前的点、突触后的点和共定位的点的量化数据。平均值±SEM。
图15A和图15B表明Aβ低聚物结合人Celsr3。具体地,图15A示出了hCelsr3的层粘连蛋白Gl结构域(SEQ ID NO: 35)和mCelsr3的层粘连蛋白Gl结构域(SEQ ID NO: 36)的氨基酸比对,hCelsr3的EGF7结构域(SEQ ID NO: 37)和mCelsr3的EGF7结构域(SEQ ID NO:38)的氨基酸比对,以及hCelsr3和mCelsr3的EGF8结构域(SEQ ID NO: 39)的氨基酸比对。图15B示出了Aβ42(200 nM总肽,单体等效物)与hCelsr3-Flag转染的或截短的hCelsr3-Flag转染的HEK203T细胞的结合。使用488-缀合的链霉亲和素观察结合的低聚Aβ42(绿色)。比例尺10 μm。
发明的详细说明
本文提供了用于调控神经元中负责突触的组装和解离(包括β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)介导的突触毒性和突触损失)的信号传导通路及其组分的方法和药剂。本文还提供用于预防、控制和治疗与Aβ介导的突触毒性和突触损失相关的疾病或病状的方法和药剂。本文还提供了用于筛选和识别能够调控突触形成和(Aβ)介导的突触毒性的候选药剂的方法。在考虑以下具体实施方案的详细描述后,本发明的另外的特征对于本领域技术人员将变得显而易见。
一般技术
本文描述或引用的技术和步骤包括本领域技术人员使用常规研究方法通常很好理解和/或通常采用的那些技术和方法,例如,Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: ALaboratory Manual (3d ed. 2001)、Current Protocols in Molecular Biology(Ausubel et al. eds., 2003)中描述的广泛使用的方法。
术语
除非另有说明,否则本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本领域普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。出于解释本说明书的目的,将适用以下对术语的描述,并且在任何适当的情况下,以单数形式使用的术语也将包括复数形式,反之亦然。所有专利、申请、公开的申请和其他出版物均通过引用整体并入。如果所述的任何术语描述与通过引用并入本文的任何文件相冲突,应以下述术语描述为准。
如本文所使用的单数术语“一”、“一个/一种”和“该”包括复数指代,除非上下文另有明确说明。
术语“约”和“大约”是指给定值或范围的20%以内、15%以内、10%以内、9%以内、8%以内、7%以内、6%以内、5%以内、4%以内、3%以内、2%以内、1%以内或更小。
术语“β淀粉样蛋白”或“Aβ”表示尺寸范围为37至49个氨基酸残基的肽的组,其通过β-分泌酶和γ-分泌酶对淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)进行蛋白水解加工而产生。不同Aβ同工型(isoform)的序列是本领域已知的(Nunan et al.FEBS Lett. 2000 Oct 13;483(1):6-10)。例如,42个氨基酸的Aβ同工型(Aβ42)的一级氨基酸序列是DAEFRHDSGYEVHHQKLVFFAEDVGSNKGAIIGLMVGGVVIA(SEQ ID NO: 27)(Chen et al., Acta Pharmacologica Sinicavolume 38, pages1205-1235(2017))。如本文所使用的,“β淀粉样蛋白”或“Aβ”可以指单体Aβ或低聚Aβ。术语“低聚Aβ”或“Aβ低聚物”表示由一组可以是相同的或不同的单体Aβ同工型的Aβ肽形成的低聚物或聚集物。在一些实施方案中,低聚Aβ可以含有约2个至20个单体Aβ肽,例如约2个、约3个、约4个、约5个、约6个、约7个、约8个、约9个、约10个、约11个、约12个、约13个、约14个、约15个、约16个、约17个、约18个、约19个或约20个单体Aβ肽。在具体实施方案中,低聚Aβ可以含有约2个至4个单体Aβ肽。
“Aβ诱导的突触损失”是指当神经元暴露于Aβ肽(例如斑块中沉积的低聚Aβ)时神经元群体中形成的突触数量减少的病原学现象或过程。突触损失会导致进行性神经系统疾病或神经退行性变,包括阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病。
术语“抗体”、“免疫球蛋白”或“Ig”在本文中可互换使用,并以最广泛的意义使用,具体包括:例如,单个单克隆抗体(包括激动剂、拮抗剂、中和抗体、全长或完整单克隆抗体)、具有多表位或单表位特异性的抗体组合物、多克隆或单价抗体、多价抗体、多特异性抗体(例如,双特异性抗体,只要它们表现出所需的生物活性),由至少两种完整抗体、单链抗体和抗体片段形成,如下所述。抗体可以是人的、人源化的、嵌合的和/或亲和力成熟的,以及来自其他物种(例如小鼠和兔等)的抗体。术语“抗体”意在包括免疫球蛋白类多肽中的B细胞的多肽产物,其能够结合具体分子抗原并且由两对相同的多肽链组成,其中每对具有一条重链(约50-70 kDa)和一条轻链(约25 kDa),每条链的每个氨基端部分包括约100个至约130个或更多个氨基酸的可变区,每条链的每个羧基端部分包括恒定区。参见,例如,Antibody Engineering (Borrebaeck ed., 2d ed. 1995); and Kuby, Immunology (3ded. 1997)。在具体实施方案中,具体分子抗原可以被本文提供的抗体结合,包括Ryk多肽、Ryk片段或Ryk表位。在具体实施方案中,具体分子抗原可以被本文提供的抗体结合,包括Celsr3多肽、Celsr3片段或Celsr3表位。在具体实施方案中,具体分子抗原可以被本文提供的抗体结合,包括Aβ多肽、Aβ片段或Aβ表位。抗体还包括但不限于合成抗体、重组产生的抗体、骆驼化抗体、胞内抗体、抗独特型(抗-Id)抗体和任何上述的功能片段(例如,抗原结合片段),其指保留该片段来源的抗体的部分或全部结合活性的抗体重链或轻链多肽的一部分。功能片段的非限制性实施例包括单链Fvs(scFv)(例如,包括单特异性、双特异性等)、Fab片段、F(ab')片段、F(ab)2片段、F(ab')2片段、二硫键连接的Fvs(dsFv)、Fd片段、Fv片段、双特异抗体(diabody)、三特异抗体(triabody)、四特异抗体(tetrabody)和微抗体(minibody)。具体而言,本文提供的抗体包括免疫球蛋白分子和免疫球蛋白分子的免疫活性部分(例如,抗体的一个或多个CDR)。此类抗体片段可参见例如Harlow and Lane,Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual (1989); Mol. Biology and Biotechnology: A Comprehensive Desk Reference (Myers ed., 1995); Huston et al., 1993, CellBiophysics 22:189-224; Plückthun and Skerra, 1989, Meth. Enzymol. 178:497-515和Day, Advanced Immunochemistry (2d ed. 1990)。本文提供的抗体可以是免疫球蛋白分子的任何类别(例如,IgG、IgE、IgM、IgD和IgA)或任何亚类(例如,IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA1和IgA2)。针对抗原的抗体可以是激动性抗体或拮抗性抗体。
术语“抗原结合片段”、“抗原结合结构域”、“抗原结合区”和类似术语是指包含与抗原相互作用并赋予结合药剂其对抗原的特异性和亲和力的氨基酸残基(例如,CDR)的抗体的那部分。
“表位”是抗原分子表面上与单个抗体分子结合的位点,例如能够与抗体的一个或多个抗原结合区结合、在动物(如哺乳动物(例如人))中具有抗原性或免疫原性活性、能够引发免疫反应的抗原表面上的局部区域。具有免疫原性活性的表位是在动物中引发抗体反应的多肽的一部分。具有抗原活性的表位是如通过本领域公知的任何方法(包括例如通过免疫测定法)确定的抗体结合的多肽的一部分。抗原表位不一定是免疫原性的。表位通常由分子(例如氨基酸或糖侧链)的化学活性表面基团组成,并且具有具体的三维结构特征以及具体的电荷特征。抗体表位可以是线性表位或构象表位。线性表位由蛋白质中连续的氨基酸序列形成。构象表位由蛋白质序列中不连续的氨基酸形成,但其在蛋白质折叠成其三维结构时聚集在一起。当蛋白质的三维结构处于改变的构象时形成诱导表位,例如在另一种蛋白质或配体的激活或结合之后。
术语“结合”指分子之间的相互作用,包括例如形成复合物(例如Celsr-Frizzled复合物)。相互作用可以是例如非共价相互作用,包括氢键、离子键、疏水相互作用和/或范德华相互作用。复合物还可以包括通过共价或非共价键、相互作用或力保持在一起的两个或多个分子(例如Celsr和Frizzled)的结合。结合蛋白(例如Celsr)的单个靶结合位点和靶分子(例如Frizzled)的单个靶位点之间的总非共价相互作用的强度是结合蛋白或功能片段对靶位点的亲和力。结合蛋白与单价靶位点的解离率(koff)与结合率(kon)的比值(koff/kon)是解离常数KD,其与亲和力成反比。KD值越低,抗体的亲和力越高。KD值因结合分子的不同复合物而变化,取决于kon和koff两者。本文提供的结合蛋白的解离常数KD可以使用本文提供的任何方法或本领域技术人员熟知的任何其他方法确定。一个结合位点的亲和力并不总是反映结合蛋白和靶分子之间相互作用的真实强度。当含有多个重复靶位点的复杂靶分子(例如多价靶蛋白)与含有多个靶结合位点的结合分子接触时,结合蛋白与靶蛋白在一个位点的相互作用将增加第二位点处反应的可能性。
术语“结合亲和力”通常指分子(例如结合蛋白,如Celsr)的单个结合位点与其结合伴侣(例如,Frizzled)之间的非共价相互作用的总和的强度。除非另有说明,如本文所使用的,“结合亲和力”指反映结合对(例如,Celsr和Frizzled)的成员之间1:1相互作用的内在结合亲和力。结合分子X对其结合伴侣Y的亲和力通常可以用解离常数(KD)表示。亲和力可以通过本领域已知的常用方法测量,包括本文所述的那些。低亲和力结合蛋白通常缓慢地结合靶蛋白并且倾向于容易解离,而高亲和力结合蛋白通常更快地结合靶蛋白并且倾向于保持结合更长时间。测量结合亲和力的多种方法在本领域中是已知的,其中任何一种都可以用于本发明的目的。具体说明性实施方案包括以下内容。在一个实施方案中,“KD”或“KD值”可以通过本领域已知的测定来测量,例如通过结合测定。KD可以在RIA中测量,例如,在Vangl存在或不存在下用Celsr和Frizzled的结合对进行。KD或KD值也可以通过使用BIACORE®(例如使用BIACORE®TM-2000或BIACORE®TM-3000)的表面等离子共振测定来测量或通过使用生物膜层干涉测量法(例如使用OCTET®QK384系统)来测量。“on-rate”或“结合的比率”或“结合率”或“kon”也可以用上述相同的表面等离子体共振或生物膜层干涉测量技术来确定,例如使用BIACORE®TM-2000或BIACORE®TM-3000,或OCTET®QK384系统。
“结合感兴趣的靶分子”的分子(例如,激动剂或拮抗剂)是以足够的亲和力结合靶分子且不与其他分子发生显著交叉反应的分子,使得该分子例如用作靶向表达靶分子的细胞或组织的诊断剂或治疗剂。在这样的实施方案中,分子与“非靶标”分子的结合程度将小于分子与其特定靶标分子结合程度的约10%,例如,如通过荧光激活细胞分选(FACS)分析或RIA所确定的。
术语“特异性结合Celsr3的抗体”、“特异性结合Celsr3表位的抗体”和类似术语在本文中也可互换使用,并且指特异性结合Celsr3多肽(如Celsr3抗原或片段或表位)(例如人Celsr3,例如人Celsr3多肽、抗原或表位)的抗体。与Celsr3(例如人Celsr3)特异性结合的抗体可以与Celsr3的细胞外结构域或衍生自细胞外结构域的肽结合。特异性结合Celsr3抗原(例如人Celsr3)的抗体可以与相关抗原(例如食蟹猴Celsr3)发生交叉反应。在某些实施方案中,特异性结合Celsr3抗原的抗体不与其他抗原发生交叉反应。例如,特异性结合Celsr3抗原的抗体可以通过免疫测定、BIACORE®或本领域技术人员已知的其他技术来鉴定。如使用实验技术(例如放射免疫测定(RIA)和酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA))确定的,当抗体以比任何交叉反应性抗原高的亲和力结合Celsr3抗原时,抗体特异性结合Celsr3抗原。术语“抗Celsr3抗体”或“结合Celsr3的抗体”包括能够以足够的亲和力结合Celsr3的抗体,使得该抗体例如用作靶向Celsr3的诊断剂。在多个实施方案中,抗Celsr3抗体结合在来自不同物种的Celsr3中(例如,在人和食蟹猴Celsr3之间)保守的Celsr3表位。
术语“特异性结合Ryk的抗体”、“特异性结合Ryk表位的抗体”和类似术语在本文中也可互换使用,并且指特异性结合Ryk多肽(如Ryk抗原或片段或表位)(例如人Ryk,例如人Ryk多肽、抗原或表位)的抗体。与Ryk(例如人Ryk)特异性结合的抗体可以与Ryk的细胞外结构域或衍生自细胞外结构域的肽结合。特异性结合Ryk抗原(例如人Ryk)的抗体可以与相关抗原(例如食蟹猴Ryk)发生交叉反应。在某些实施方案中,特异性结合Ryk抗原的抗体不与其他抗原发生交叉反应。例如,特异性结合Ryk抗原的抗体可以通过免疫测定、BIACORE®或本领域技术人员已知的其他技术来鉴定。如使用实验技术(例如放射免疫测定(RIA)和酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA))确定的,当抗体以比任何交叉反应性抗原高的亲和力结合Ryk抗原时,抗体特异性结合Ryk抗原。术语“抗Ryk抗体”或“结合Ryk的抗体”包括能够以足够的亲和力结合Ryk的抗体,使得该抗体例如用作靶向Ryk的诊断剂。在某些实施方案中,抗Ryk抗体结合在来自不同物种的Ryk中(例如,在人和食蟹猴Ryk之间)保守的Ryk表位。
术语“特异性结合Aβ的抗体”、“特异性结合Aβ表位的抗体”和类似术语在本文中也可互换使用,并且指特异性结合单体形式或形成低聚Aβ复合物或聚集物的部分的Aβ多肽(如Aβ抗原或片段或表位)的抗体。例如,特异性结合Aβ抗原的抗体可以通过免疫测定、BIACORE®或本领域技术人员已知的其他技术来鉴定。如使用实验技术(例如放射免疫测定(RIA)和酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA))确定的,当抗体以比任何交叉反应性抗原高的亲和力结合Aβ抗原时,抗体特异性结合Aβ抗原。术语“抗Aβ抗体”或“结合Aβ的抗体”包括能够以足够的亲和力结合Aβ的抗体,使得该抗体例如用作靶向Aβ的诊断剂。
通常,特定的或选择性的反应将是背景信号或噪声的至少两倍,并且可以是背景的10倍以上。有关抗体特异性的讨论,参见例如Fundamental Immunology 332-36 (Pauled., 2d ed. 1989)。“结合感兴趣的抗原”(例如目标抗原,如Celsr3、Ryk或Aβ)的抗体是以足够的亲和力结合抗原且不与其他蛋白质发生显著交叉反应的抗体,使得该抗体用作靶向表达抗原的细胞或组织的治疗剂。在这样的实施方案中,抗体与“非靶标”蛋白的结合程度将小于抗体与其特定靶标蛋白结合的约10%,例如,如通过荧光激活细胞分选(FACS)分析或RIA所确定的。
关于抗体与靶分子(例如Celsr3、Ryk或Aβ)的结合,术语“特异性结合”、“特异性结合至”或“特异于”特定多肽或特定多肽靶标上的表位是指与非特异性相互作用明显不同的结合。例如,特异性结合可以通过与对照分子的结合相比较确定分子的结合来测量,对照分子通常是不具有结合活性的结构相似的分子。例如,特异性结合可以通过与类似于靶标的对照分子竞争来确定,例如,过量的未标记靶标。在这种情况下,如果标记的靶标与探针的结合被过量的未标记靶标竞争性抑制,则表明特异性结合。如本文所使用的,术语“特异性结合”、“特异性结合至”或“特异于”特定多肽或特定多肽靶标上的表位是指结合,其中分子结合特定多肽或特定多肽上的表位,而基本上不结合任何其他多肽或多肽表位。在某些实施方案中,结合Celsr3的抗体的解离常数(KD)小于或等于10 nM、5 nM、4 nM、3 nM、2 nM、1nM、0.9 nM、0.8 nM、0.7 nM、0.6 nM、0.5 nM、0.4 nM、0.3 nM、0.2 nM或0.1 nM。在某些实施方案中,结合Ryk的抗体的解离常数(KD)小于或等于10 nM、5 nM、4 nM、3 nM、2 nM、1 nM、0.9 nM、0.8 nM、0.7 nM、0.6 nM、0.5 nM、0.4 nM、0.3 nM、0.2 nM或0.1 nM。在某些实施方案中,结合Aβ的抗体的解离常数(KD)小于或等于10 nM、5 nM、4 nM、3 nM、2 nM、1 nM、0.9nM、0.8 nM、0.7 nM、0.6 nM、0.5 nM、0.4 nM、0.3 nM、0.2 nM或0.1 nM。
关于抗体与靶分子的结合,术语“优先结合”或“优先结合至”相对于参考分子的特定靶分子上的特定多肽或片段是指靶分子的结合可测量地高于参考分子的结合,而参考分子可以或也不可以与抗体结合。例如,在一些实施方案中,抗体优先结合Celsr3(例如人Celsr3多肽、抗原或表位)而不是Celsr2(例如人Celsr2多肽、抗原或表位)。例如,可以通过确定结合亲和力来确定优先结合。例如,优先结合靶分子(例如分子或其抗原或表位)而不是参考分子(例如分子或其抗原或表位)的抗体可以以小于相对于参考分子表现出的KD的KD结合靶分子。在一些实施方案中,抗体以小于相对于参考分子表现出的KD的一半的KD优先结合靶分子。在一些实施方案中,抗体以小于相对于参考分子表现出的KD的至少10倍的KD优先结合靶分子。在一些实施方案中,抗体以KD优先结合靶分子,KD是相对于参考分子表现出的KD的约75%、约50%、约25%、约10%、约5%、约2.5%或约1%。在一些实施方案中,抗体结合参考分子时表现出的KD与结合靶分子时表现出的KD之间的比值是至少2倍、至少3倍、至少4倍、至少5倍、至少10倍、至少20倍、至少100倍、至少500倍、至少103倍、至少104倍或至少105倍。优先结合靶分子的抗体可以通过以下方法鉴定,例如通过免疫测定(例如ELISA、荧光免疫吸附测定、化学发光免疫测定、放射免疫测定(RIA)、酶倍增免疫测定、固相放射免疫测定(SPRIA)、表面等离子共振(SPR)测定(例如,BIACORE®)、荧光偏振测定、荧光共振能量转移(FRET)测定、斑点印迹测定、荧光激活细胞分选(FACS)测定或本领域技术人员已知的其他技术。
优先结合也可以通过结合测定来确定并且通过例如荧光强度(“MFI”)来表示。例如,优先结合Celsr3而不是Celsr2的抗体或抗原结合片段能够以高于相对于Celsr2表现出的MFI的MFI结合Celsr3。在各种实施方案中,抗体或抗原结合片段以相对于Celsr2表现出的MFI至少两倍高的MFI结合Celsr3。在各种实施方案中,抗体或抗原结合片段以相对于Celsr2表现出的MFI至少三倍高的MFI结合Celsr3。在各种实施方案中,抗体或抗原结合片段以相对于Celsr2表现出的MFI至少五倍、至少十倍、至少十五倍或至少二十倍高的MFI结合Celsr3。
术语“竞争”在用于竞争结合相同靶分子的两个或多个分子的上下文中时(例如,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr)是指通过试验确定的竞争,其中研究的结合分子(例如,候选抗Celsr抗体)阻止或抑制参考分子(例如Aβ)与共同的靶分子(例如Celsr)特异性结合。许多类型的竞争性结合测定可以被用于确定测试药剂是否与参考配体竞争结合靶分子。可以采用的测定的实施例包括固相直接或间接RIA、固相直接或间接酶免疫测定(EIA)、三明治竞争测定(参见例如Stahli et al., 1983, Methods in Enzymology 9:242-53)、固相直接生物素亲和素EIA(参见例如Kirkland et al., 1986, J. Immunol. 137:3614-19)、固相直接标记测定、固相直接标记三明治测定(参见例如Harlow and Lane, Antibodies, A Laboratory Manual (1988))、使用I-125标记的固相直接标记RIA(参见例如Morel etal., 1988, Mol. Immunol. 25:7-15)、以及直接标记RIA(Moldenhauer et al., 1990,Scand. J. Immunol. 32:77-82)。通常,这种测定涉及使用与固体表面结合的纯化靶分子、或者携带未标记的测试靶结合套索(lasso)肽或标记的参考靶结合蛋白(例如,参考靶结合配体)的细胞。竞争性抑制可以通过在测试靶结合套索肽存在下确定结合至固体表面的标记的量来测量。通常测试靶结合蛋白过量存在。通过竞争测定鉴定的靶结合分子包括结合与参考相同的靶位点的结合分子和与足够接近由参考结合的靶位点的相邻靶位点以发生位阻的结合分子。本文描述了关于确定竞争性结合的方法的其他细节。通常,当竞争性结合分子过量存在时,其将抑制参考与共同靶分子的特异性结合至少30%,例如40%、45%、50%、55%、60%、65%、70%或75%。在一些情况下,结合被抑制至少80%、85%、90%、95%、96%、97%、98%、99%或更多。
术语靶分子的“阻断剂”、“拮抗剂”和“抑制剂”在本文中可互换使用,是指例如在体内或体外减少或抑制由靶分子诱导的生物学效应的药剂。药剂可以是小分子化合物或生物分子,例如核酸或多肽。在评估抑制强度时,可以在候选药剂存在和不存在下测量生物学效应。在某些实施方案中,在拮抗剂存在下测量的生物学效应等于或小于在拮抗剂不存在下测量的相同生物学效应的10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、35%、40%、45%、50%、55%、60%、65%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%或98%。
靶分子的“激动剂”是指例如在体内或体外增加或增强靶分子诱导的生物学效应的药剂。药剂可以是小分子化合物或生物分子,例如核酸或多肽。在评估增强水平时,可以在候选药剂存在和不存在下测量生物学效应。在某些实施方案中,在激动剂不存在下测量的生物学效应等于或小于激动剂存在下测量的相同生物学效应的10%、15%、20%、25%、30%、35%、40%、45%、50%、55%、60%、65%、70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%或98%。例如,本文所述的Celsr3的激动剂可以是例如在表达Celsr3的细胞中能够激活或以其他方式增加Celsr3的一种或多种生物活性的分子。在一些实施方案中,Celsr3的激动剂(例如,本文所述的激动性抗体)可以例如通过激活或以其他方式增加表达Celsr3蛋白的细胞的激活和/或细胞信号传导通路起作用,从而相对于在激动剂不存在下Celsr3介导的生物活性增加细胞的Celsr3介导的生物活性。在一些实施方案中,表达Celsr3蛋白的细胞是神经元,并且Celsr3介导的生物活性是Celsr3介导的神经元突触的形成。
本文中的术语“Fc区”用于定义免疫球蛋白重链的C端区,包括例如天然序列Fc区、重组Fc区和变体Fc区。尽管免疫球蛋白重链的Fc区的边界可能不同,但人IgG重链Fc区通常被定义为从Cys226位置的氨基酸残基或从Pro230延伸至其羧基末端。例如,在抗体的产生或纯化或通过重组工程化编码抗体重链的核酸期间,Fc区的C末端赖氨酸(根据EU编号系统的残基447)可以被去除。因此,完整抗体的组合物可以包含去除了所有K447残基的抗体群体、没有去除K447残基的抗体群体、以及有和没有K447残基的抗体的混合物的抗体群体。
“功能性Fc区”具有天然序列Fc区的“效应器功能”。示例性“效应器功能”包括C1q结合、CDC、Fc受体结合、ADCC、吞噬作用、细胞表面受体(例如B细胞受体)的下调等。此类效应器功能通常需要将Fc区与结合区或结合结构域(例如,抗体可变区或结构域)组合,并且可以使用所公开的各种测定进行评估。
“天然序列Fc区”包含与自然界中发现的Fc区的氨基酸序列相同的氨基酸序列,并且未被人操作、修饰和/或改变(例如与其他序列(如可变区序列)分离、纯化、选择、包括或组合)。天然序列人IgG1 Fc区包括天然序列人IgG1 Fc区(非A和A同种异型)、天然序列人IgG2 Fc区、天然序列人IgG3 Fc区和天然序列人IgG4 Fc区、以及其天然存在的变体。例如,天然人IgG1 Fc区氨基酸序列如下所示:
ASTKGPSVFPLAPSSKSTSGGTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTQTYICNVNHKPSNTKVDKKVEPKSCDKTHTCPPCPAPELLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSHEDPEVKFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQYNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKALPAPIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTLPPSRDELTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSKLTVDKSRWQQGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK (SEQ ID NO: 40)。
示例性天然人IgG4 Fc区序列如下所示:
ASTKGPSVFPLAPCSRSTSESTAALGCLVKDYFPEPVTVSWNSGALTSGVHTFPAVLQSSGLYSLSSVVTVPSSSLGTKTYTCNVDHKPSNTKVDKRVESKYGPPCPSCPAPEFLGGPSVFLFPPKPKDTLMISRTPEVTCVVVDVSQEDPEVQFNWYVDGVEVHNAKTKPREEQFNSTYRVVSVLTVLHQDWLNGKEYKCKVSNKGLPSSIEKTISKAKGQPREPQVYTLPPSQEEMTKNQVSLTCLVKGFYPSDIAVEWESNGQPENNYKTTPPVLDSDGSFFLYSRLTVDKSRWQEGNVFSCSVMHEALHNHYTQKSLSLSPGK (SEQ ID NO: 41)。
“变体Fc区”包含由于至少一个氨基酸修饰(例如,取代、插入或缺失)而不同于天然序列Fc区的氨基酸序列。在某些实施方案中,与天然序列Fc区或亲本多肽的Fc区相比,变体Fc区具有至少一个氨基酸取代,例如,在天然序列Fc区或亲本多肽的Fc区中约1个至约10个氨基酸取代、或者约1个至约5个氨基酸取代。本文的变体Fc区可以与天然序列Fc区和/或与亲本多肽的Fc区具有至少约80%的同源性,或与其具有至少约90%的同源性,例如与其具有至少约95%的同源性。
当与例如核酸分子、多肽、宿主细胞等生物材料结合使用时,术语“天然的”是指在自然界中发现且未被人类操作、修饰和/或改变(例如分离、纯化、选择)。
当涉及蛋白质或肽使用时,术语“变体”可以指与天然或未经修饰序列相比包含一个或多个(例如约1个至约25个、约1个至约20个、约1个至约15个、约1个至约10个、或约1个至约5个)氨基酸序列取代、缺失和/或插入的肽或多肽。例如,Celsr3 EGF7结构域的变体可以由天然Celsr3 EGF7结构域序列的氨基酸序列的一个或多个(例如约1个至约25个、约1个至约20个、约1个至约15个、约1个至约10个、或约1个至约5个)变化产生。变体可以是天然存在的(例如等位基因变体或剪接变体)或者可以是人工构建的。多肽变体可以从编码变体的相应核酸分子制备。在具体实施方案中,蛋白质或肽的变体保留天然蛋白质或肽的功能活性。在某些实施方案中,变体由编码天然蛋白质或肽的核酸分子的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)变体编码。肽的功能变体是指保留天然肽的感兴趣的至少一种功能或活性的肽的变体。例如,Celsr3层粘连蛋白G1的功能变体可以与天然Celsr3层粘连蛋白G1结构域序列具有约95%的序列同一性并保留在突触间隙形成细胞间复合物的功能。例如,Celsr3 EGF7结构域的功能变体可以与天然Celsr3 EGF7结构域序列具有约90%的序列同一性并保留与Aβ结合的活性。
Celsr家族蛋白是粘附G蛋白偶联受体。在人类中,至少三种Celsr蛋白(Celsr1、Celsr2和Celsr3)属于该家族。如本文所使用的,除非另有说明,术语“钙粘蛋白EGF LAGSeven-Pass G型受体”、“CELSR”、“Celsr”、“蛋白Celsr”或“Celsr多肽”包含来自任何脊椎动物来源(包括哺乳动物如灵长类(例如,人和食蟹猴(猕猴))、狗和啮齿类(例如,小鼠和大鼠))的多肽(“多肽”和“蛋白质”在本文中可互换使用),包括任何天然多肽。在某些实施方案中,术语包括“相关的Celsr多肽”,包括其SNP变体。术语“Celsr”还包含“全长”、未经处理的Celsr以及在细胞中处理产生的任何形式的Celsr。
在一些实施方案中,Celsrl具有以下氨基酸序列:
MAPPPPPVLPVLLLLAAAAALPAMGLRAAAWEPRVPGGTRAFALRPGCTYAVGAACTPRAPRELLDVGRDGRLAGRRRVSGAGRPLPLQVRLVARSAPTALSRRLRARTHLPGCGARARLCGTGARLCGALCFPVPGGCAAAQHSALAAPTTLPACRCPPRPRPRCPGRPICLPPGGSVRLRLLCALRRAAGAVRVGLALEAATAGTPSASPSPSPPLPPNLPEARAGPARRARRGTSGRGSLKFPMPNYQVALFENEPAGTLILQLHAHYTIEGEEERVSYYMEGLFDERSRGYFRIDSATGAVSTDSVLDRETKETHVLRVKAVDYSTPPRSATTYITVLVKDTNDHSPVFEQSEYRERVRENLEVGYEVLTIRASDRDSPINANLRYRVLGGAWDVFQLNESSGVVSTRAVLDREEAAEYQLLVEANDQGRNPGPLSATATVYIEVEDENDNYPQFSEQNYVVQVPEDVGLNTAVLRVQATDRDQGQNAAIHYSILSGNVAGQFYLHSLSGILDVINPLDFEDVQKYSLSIKAQDGGRPPLINSSGVVSVQVLDVNDNEPIFVSSPFQATVLENVPLGYPVVHIQAVDADSGENARLHYRLVDTASTFLGGGSAGPKNPAPTPDFPFQIHNSSGWITVCAELDREEVEHYSFGVEAVDHGSPPMSSSTSVSITVLDVNDNDPVFTQPTYELRLNEDAAVGSSVLTLQARDRDANSVITYQLTGGNTRNRFALSSQRGGGLITLALPLDYKQEQQYVLAVTASDGTRSHTAHVLINVTDANTHRPVFQSSHYTVSVSEDRPVGTSIATLSANDEDTGENARITYVIQDPVPQFRIDPDSGTMYTMMELDYENQVAYTLTIMAQDNGIPQKSDTTTLEILILDANDNAPQFLWDFYQGSIFEDAPPSTSILQVSATDRDSGPNGRLLYTFQGGDDGDGDFYIEPTSGVIRTQRRLDRENVAVYNLWALAVDRGSPTPLSASVEIQVTILDINDNAPMFEKDELELFVEENNPVGSVVAKIRANDPDEGPNAQIMYQIVEGDMRHFFQLDLLNGDLRAMVELDFEVRREYVLVVQATSAPLVSRATVHILLVDQNDNPPVLPDFQILFNNYVTNKSNSFPTGVIGCIPAHDPDVSDSLNYTFVQGNELRLLLLDPATGELQLSRDLDNNRPLEALMEVSVSDGIHSVTAFCTLRVTIITDDMLTNSITVRLENMSQEKFLSPLLALFVEGVAAVLSTTKDDVFVFNVQNDTDVSSNILNVTFSALLPGGVRGQFFPSEDLQEQIYLNRTLLTTISTQRVLPFDDNICLREPCENYMKCVSVLRFDSSAPFLSSTTVLFRPIHPINGLRCRCPPGFTGDYCETEIDLCYSDPCGANGRCRSREGGYTCECFEDFTGEHCEVDARSGRCANGVCKNGGTCVNLLIGGFHCVCPPGEYERPYCEVTTRSFPPQSFVTFRGLRQRFHFTISLTFATQERNGLLLYNGRFNEKHDFIALEIVDEQVQLTFSAGETTTTVAPKVPSGVSDGRWHSVQVQYYNKPNIGHLGLPHGPSGEKMAVVTVDDCDTTMAVRFGKDIGNYSCAAQGTQTGSKKSLDLTGPLLLGGVPNLPEDFPVHNRQFVGCMRNLSVDGKNVDMAGFIANNGTREGCAARRNFCDGRRCQNGGTCVNRWNMYLCECPLRFGGKNCEQAMPHPQLFSGESVVSWSDLNIIISVPWYLGLMFRTRKEDSVLMEATSGGPTSFRLQILNNYLQFEVSHGPSDVESVMLSGLRVTDGEWHHLLIELKNVKEDSEMKHLVTMTLDYGMDQNKADIGGMLPGLTVRSVVVGGASEDKVSVRRGFRGCMQGVRMGGTPTNVATLNMNNALKVRVKDGCDVDDPCTSSPCPPNSRCHDAWEDYSCVCDKGYLGINCVDACHLNPCENMGACVRSPGSPQGYVCECGPSHYGPYCENKLDLPCPRGWWGNPVCGPCHCAVSKGFDPDCNKTNGQCQCKENYYKLLAQDTCLPCDCFPHGSHSRTCDMATGQCACKPGVIGRQCNRCDNPFAEVTTLGCEVIYNGCPKAFEAGIWWPQTKFGQPAAVPCPKGSVGNAVRHCSGEKGWLPPELFNCTTISFVDLRAMNEKLSRNETQVDGARALQLVRALRSATQHTGTLFGNDVRTAYQLLGHVLQHESWQQGFDLAATQDADFHEDVIHSGSALLAPATRAAWEQIQRSEGGTAQLLRRLEGYFSNVARNVRRTYLRPFVIVTANMILAVDIFDKFNFTGARVPRFDTIHEEFPRELESSVSFPADFFRPPEEKEGPLLRPAGRRTTPQTTRPGPGTEREAPISRRRRHPDDAGQFAVALVIIYRTLGQLLPERYDPDRRSLRLPHRPIINTPMVSTLVYSEGAPLPRPLERPVLVEFALLEVEERTKPVCVFWNHSLAVGGTGGWSARGCELLSRNRTHVACQCSHTASFAVLMDISRRENGEVLPLKIVTYAAVSLSLAALLVAFVLLSLVRMLRSNLHSIHKHLAVALFLSQLVFVIGINQTENPFLCTVVAILLHYIYMSTFAWTLVESLHVYRMLTEVRNIDTGPMRFYYVVGWGIPAIVTGLAVGLDPQGYGNPDFCWLSLQDTLIWSFAGPIGAVIIINTVTSVLSAKVSCQRKHHYYGKKGIVSLLRTAFLLLLLISATWLLGLLAVNRDALSFHYLFAIFSGLQGPFVLLFHCVLNQEVRKHLKGVLGGRKLHLEDSATTRATLLTRSLNCNTTFGDGPDMLRTDLGESTASLDSIVRDEGIQKLGVSSGLVRGSHGEPDASLMPRSCKDPPGHDSDSDSELSLDEQSSSYASSHSSDSEDDGVGAEEKWDPARGAVHSTPKGDAVANHVPAGWPDQSLAESDSEDPSGKPRLKVETKVSVELHREEQGSHRGEYPPDQESGGAARLASSQPPEQRKGILKNKVTYPPPLTLTEQTLKGRLREKLADCEQSPTSSRTSSLGSGGPDCAITVKSPGREPGRDHLNGVAMNVRTGSAQADGSDSEKP (SEQ ID NO: 28)。GenBank™登录号NM_001378328提供了另一个示例性人Celsr1核酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr2具有以下氨基酸序列:
MRSPATGVPLPTPPPPLLLLLLLLLPPPLLGDQVGPCRSLGSRGRGSSGACAPMGWLCPSSASNLWLYTSRCRDAGTELTGHLVPHHDGLRVWCPESEAHIPLPPAPEGCPWSCRLLGIGGHLSPQGKLTLPEEHPCLKAPRLRCQSCKLAQAPGLRAGERSPEESLGGRRKRNVNTAPQFQPPSYQATVPENQPAGTPVASLRAIDPDEGEAGRLEYTMDALFDSRSNQFFSLDPVTGAVTTAEELDRETKSTHVFRVTAQDHGMPRRSALATLTILVTDTNDHDPVFEQQEYKESLRENLEVGYEVLTVRATDGDAPPNANILYRLLEGSGGSPSEVFEIDPRSGVIRTRGPVDREEVESYQLTVEASDQGRDPGPRSTTAAVFLSVEDDNDNAPQFSEKRYVVQVREDVTPGAPVLRVTASDRDKGSNAVVHYSIMSGNARGQFYLDAQTGALDVVSPLDYETTKEYTLRVRAQDGGRPPLSNVSGLVTVQVLDINDNAPIFVSTPFQATVLESVPLGYLVLHVQAIDADAGDNARLEYRLAGVGHDFPFTINNGTGWISVAAELDREEVDFYSFGVEARDHGTPALTASASVSVTVLDVNDNNPTFTQPEYTVRLNEDAAVGTSVVTVSAVDRDAHSVITYQITSGNTRNRFSITSQSGGGLVSLALPLDYKLERQYVLAVTASDGTRQDTAQIVVNVTDANTHRPVFQSSHYTVNVNEDRPAGTTVVLISATDEDTGENARITYFMEDSIPQFRIDADTGAVTTQAELDYEDQVSYTLAITARDNGIPQKSDTTYLEILVNDVNDNAPQFLRDSYQGSVYEDVPPFTSVLQISATDRDSGLNGRVFYTFQGGDDGDGDFIVESTSGIVRTLRRLDRENVAQYVLRAYAVDKGMPPARTPMEVTVTVLDVNDNPPVFEQDEFDVFVEENSPIGLAVARVTATDPDEGTNAQIMYQIVEGNIPEVFQLDIFSGELTALVDLDYEDRPEYVLVIQATSAPLVSRATVHVRLLDRNDNPPVLGNFEILFNNYVTNRSSSFPGGAIGRVPAHDPDISDSLTYSFERGNELSLVLLNASTGELKLSRALDNNRPLEAIMSVLVSDGVHSVTAQCALRVTIITDEMLTHSITLRLEDMSPERFLSPLLGLFIQAVAATLATPPDHVVVFNVQRDTDAPGGHILNVSLSVGQPPGPGGGPPFLPSEDLQERLYLNRSLLTAISAQRVLPFDDNICLREPCENYMRCVSVLRFDSSAPFIASSSVLFRPIHPVGGLRCRCPPGFTGDYCETEVDLCYSRPCGPHGRCRSREGGYTCLCRDGYTGEHCEVSARSGRCTPGVCKNGGTCVNLLVGGFKCDCPSGDFEKPYCQVTTRSFPAHSFITFRGLRQRFHFTLALSFATKERDGLLLYNGRFNEKHDFVALEVIQEQVQLTFSAGESTTTVSPFVPGGVSDGQWHTVQLKYYNKPLLGQTGLPQGPSEQKVAVVTVDGCDTGVALRFGSVLGNYSCAAQGTQGGSKKSLDLTGPLLLGGVPDLPESFPVRMRQFVGCMRNLQVDSRHIDMADFIANNGTVPGCPAKKNVCDSNTCHNGGTCVNQWDAFSCECPLGFGGKSCAQEMANPQHFLGSSLVAWHGLSLPISQPWYLSLMFRTRQADGVLLQAITRGRSTITLQLREGHVMLSVEGTGLQASSLRLEPGRANDGDWHHAQLALGASGGPGHAILSFDYGQQRAEGNLGPRLHGLHLSNITVGGIPGPAGGVARGFRGCLQGVRVSDTPEGVNSLDPSHGESINVEQGCSLPDPCDSNPCPANSYCSNDWDSYSCSCDPGYYGDNCTNVCDLNPCEHQSVCTRKPSAPHGYTCECPPNYLGPYCETRIDQPCPRGWWGHPTCGPCNCDVSKGFDPDCNKTSGECHCKENHYRPPGSPTCLLCDCYPTGSLSRVCDPEDGQCPCKPGVIGRQCDRCDNPFAEVTTNGCEVNYDSCPRAIEAGIWWPRTRFGLPAAAPCPKGSFGTAVRHCDEHRGWLPPNLFNCTSITFSELKGFAERLQRNESGLDSGRSQQLALLLRNATQHTAGYFGSDVKVAYQLATRLLAHESTQRGFGLSATQDVHFTENLLRVGSALLDTANKRHWELIQQTEGGTAWLLQHYEAYASALAQNMRHTYLSPFTIVTPNIVISVVRLDKGNFAGAKLPRYEALRGEQPPDLETTVILPESVFRETPPVVRPAGPGEAQEPEELARRQRRHPELSQGEAVASVIIYRTLAGLLPHNYDPDKRSLRVPKRPIINTPVVSISVHDDEELLPRALDKPVTVQFRLLETEERTKPICVFWNHSILVSGTGGWSARGCEVVFRNESHVSCQCNHMTSFAVLMDVSRRENGEILPLKTLTYVALGVTLAALLLTFFFLTLLRILRSNQHGIRRNLTAALGLAQLVFLLGINQADLPFACTVIAILLHFLYLCTFSWALLEALHLYRALTEVRDVNTGPMRFYYMLGWGVPAFITGLAVGLDPEGYGNPDFCWLSIYDTLIWSFAGPVAFAVSMSVFLYILAARASCAAQRQGFEKKGPVSGLQPSFAVLLLLSATWLLALLSVNSDTLLFHYLFATCNCIQGPFIFLSYVVLSKEVRKALKLACSRKPSPDPALTTKSTLTSSYNCPSPYADGRLYQPYGDSAGSLHSTSRSGKSQPSYIPFLLREESALNPGQGPPGLGDPGSLFLEGQDQQHDPDTDSDSDLSLEDDQSGSYASTHSSDSEEEEEEEEEEAAFPGEQGWDSLLGPGAERLPLHSTPKDGGPGPGKAPWPGDFGTTAKESSGNGAPEERLRENGDALSREGSLGPLPGSSAQPHKGILKKKCLPTISEKSSLLRLPLEQCTGSSRGSSASEGSRGGPPPRPPPRQSLQEQLNGVMPIAMSIKAGTVDEDSSGSEFLFFNFLH (SEQ ID NO: 29)。GenBank™登录号NM_001408提供了另一个示例性人Celsr2核酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr3具有以下氨基酸序列:
MMARRPPWRGLGGRSTPILLLLLLSLFPLSQEELGGGGHQGWDPGLAATTGPRAHIGGGALALCPESSGVREDGGPGLGVREPIFVGLRGRRQSARNSRGPPEQPNEELGIEHGVQPLGSRERETGQGPGSVLYWRPEVSSCGRTGPLQRGSLSPGALSSGVPGSGNSSPLPSDFLIRHHGPKPVSSQRNAGTGSRKRVGTARCCGELWATGSKGQGERATTSGAERTAPRRNCLPGASGSGPELDSAPRTARTAPASGSAPRESRTAPEPAPKRMRSRGLFRCRFLPQRPGPRPPGLPARPEARKVTSANRARFRRAANRHPQFPQYNYQTLVPENEAAGTAVLRVVAQDPDAGEAGRLVYSLAALMNSRSLELFSIDPQSGLIRTAAALDRESMERHYLRVTAQDHGSPRLSATTMVAVTVADRNDHSPVFEQAQYRETLRENVEEGYPILQLRATDGDAPPNANLRYRFVGPPAARAAAAAAFEIDPRSGLISTSGRVDREHMESYELVVEASDQGQEPGPRSATVRVHITVLDENDNAPQFSEKRYVAQVREDVRPHTVVLRVTATDRDKDANGLVHYNIISGNSRGHFAIDSLTGEIQVVAPLDFEAEREYALRIRAQDAGRPPLSNNTGLASIQVVDINDHIPIFVSTPFQVSVLENAPLGHSVIHIQAVDADHGENARLEYSLTGVAPDTPFVINSATGWVSVSGPLDRESVEHYFFGVEARDHGSPPLSASASVTVTVLDVNDNRPEFTMKEYHLRLNEDAAVGTSVVSVTAVDRDANSAISYQITGGNTRNRFAISTQGGVGLVTLALPLDYKQERYFKLVLTASDRALHDHCYVHINITDANTHRPVFQSAHYSVSVNEDRPMGSTIVVISASDDDVGENARITYLLEDNLPQFRIDADSGAITLQAPLDYEDQVTYTLAITARDNGIPQKADTTYVEVMVNDVNDNAPQFVASHYTGLVSEDAPPFTSVLQISATDRDAHANGRVQYTFQNGEDGDGDFTIEPTSGIVRTVRRLDREAVSVYELTAYAVDRGVPPLRTPVSIQVMVQDVNDNAPVFPAEEFEVRVKENSIVGSVVAQITAVDPDEGPNAHIMYQIVEGNIPELFQMDIFSGELTALIDLDYEARQEYVIVVQATSAPLVSRATVHVRLVDQNDNSPVLNNFQILFNNYVSNRSDTFPSGIIGRIPAYDPDVSDHLFYSFERGNELQLLVVNQTSGELRLSRKLDNNRPLVASMLVTVTDGLHSVTAQCVLRVVIITEELLANSLTVRLENMWQERFLSPLLGRFLEGVAAVLATPAEDVFIFNIQNDTDVGGTVLNVSFSALAPRGAGAGAAGPWFSSEELQEQLYVRRAALAARSLLDVLPFDDNVCLREPCENYMKCVSVLRFDSSAPFLASASTLFRPIQPIAGLRCRCPPGFTGDFCETELDLCYSNPCRNGGACARREGGYTCVCRPRFTGEDCELDTEAGRCVPGVCRNGGTCTDAPNGGFRCQCPAGGAFEGPRCEVAARSFPPSSFVMFRGLRQRFHLTLSLSFATVQQSGLLFYNGRLNEKHDFLALELVAGQVRLTYSTGESNTVVSPTVPGGLSDGQWHTVHLRYYNKPRTDALGGAQGPSKDKVAVLSVDDCDVAVALQFGAEIGNYSCAAAGVQTSSKKSLDLTGPLLLGGVPNLPENFPVSHKDFIGCMRDLHIDGRRVDMAAFVANNGTMAGCQAKLHFCDSGPCKNSGFCSERWGSFSCDCPVGFGGKDCQLTMAHPHHFRGNGTLSWNFGSDMAVSVPWYLGLAFRTRATQGVLMQVQAGPHSTLLCQLDRGLLSVTVTRGSGRASHLLLDQVTVSDGRWHDLRLELQEEPGGRRGHHVLMVSLDFSLFQDTMAVGSELQGLKVKQLHVGGLPPGSAEEAPQGLVGCIQGVWLGSTPSGSPALLPPSHRVNAEPGCVVTNACASGPCPPHADCRDLWQTFSCTCQPGYYGPGCVDACLLNPCQNQGSCRHLPGAPHGYTCDCVGGYFGHHCEHRMDQQCPRGWWGSPTCGPCNCDVHKGFDPNCNKTNGQCHCKEFHYRPRGSDSCLPCDCYPVGSTSRSCAPHSGQCPCRPGALGRQCNSCDSPFAEVTASGCRVLYDACPKSLRSGVWWPQTKFGVLATVPCPRGALGAAVRLCDEAQGWLEPDLFNCTSPAFRELSLLLDGLELNKTALDTMEAKKLAQRLREVTGHTDHYFSQDVRVTARLLAHLLAFESHQQGFGLTATQDAHFNENLLWAGSALLAPETGDLWAALGQRAPGGSPGSAGLVRHLEEYAATLARNMELTYLNPMGLVTPNIMLSIDRMEHPSSPRGARRYPRYHSNLFRGQDAWDPHTHVLLPSQSPRPSPSEVLPTSSSIENSTTSSVVPPPAPPEPEPGISIIILLVYRTLGGLLPAQFQAERRGARLPQNPVMNSPVVSVAVFHGRNFLRGILESPISLEFRLLQTANRSKAICVQWDPPGLAEQHGVWTARDCELVHRNGSHARCRCSRTGTFGVLMDASPRERLEGDLELLAVFTHVVVAVSVAALVLTAAILLSLRSLKSNVRGIHANVAAALGVAELLFLLGIHRTHNQLVCTAVAILLHYFFLSTFAWLFVQGLHLYRMQVEPRNVDRGAMRFYHALGWGVPAVLLGLAVGLDPEGYGNPDFCWISVHEPLIWSFAGPVVLVIVMNGTMFLLAARTSCSTGQREAKKTSALTLRSSFLLLLLVSASWLFGLLAVNHSILAFHYLHAGLCGLQGLAVLLLFCVLNADARAAWMPACLGRKAAPEEARPAPGLGPGAYNNTALFEESGLIRITLGASTVSSVSSARSGRTQDQDSQRGRSYLRDNVLVRHGSAADHTDHSLQAHAGPTDLDVAMFHRDAGADSDSDSDLSLEEERSLSIPSSESEDNGRTRGRFQRPLCRAAQSERLLTHPKDVDGNDLLSYWPALGECEAAPCALQTWGSERRLGLDTSKDAANNNQPDPALTSGDETSLGRAQRQRKGILKNRLQYPLVPQTRGAPELSWCRAATLGHRAVPAASYGRIYAGGGTGSLSQPASRYSSREQLDLLLRRQLSRERLEEAPAPVLRPLSRPGSQECMDAAPGRLEPKDRGSTLPRRQPPRDYPGAMAGRFGSRDALDLGAPREWLSTLPPPRRTRDLDPQPPPLPLSPQRQLSRDPLLPSRPLDSLSRSSNSREQLDQVPSRHPSREALGPLPQLLRAREDSVSGPSHGPSTEQLDILSSILASFNSSALSSVQSSSTPLGPHTTATPSATASVLGPSTPRSATSHSISELSPDSEVPRSEGHS (SEQ ID NO: 30)。GenBank™登录号NM_001407提供了另一个示例性人Celsr3核酸序列。
Frizzled家族蛋白是G蛋白偶联受体蛋白,其可以作为平面细胞极性(PCP)信号传导通路、Wnt信号传导通路和/或其他信号传导通路中的受体。如本文所使用的,除非另有说明,术语“Frizzled”包含来自任何脊椎动物来源(包括哺乳动物如灵长类(例如,人和食蟹猴(猕猴))、狗和啮齿类(例如,小鼠和大鼠))的多肽(“多肽”和“蛋白质”在本文中可互换使用),包括任何天然多肽。在某些实施方案中,术语包括“相关的Frizzled多肽”,包括其SNP变体。术语“Frizzled”还包含“全长”、未经处理的Frizzled以及在细胞中处理产生的任何形式的Frizzled。
在一些实施方案中,Frizzled具有以下氨基酸序列:
MRPRSALPRLLLPLLLLPAAGPAQFHGEKGISIPDHGFCQPISIPLCTDIAYNQTIMPNLLGHTNQEDAGLEVHQFYPLVKVQCSPELRFFLCSMYAPVCTVLEQAIPPCRSICERARQGCEALMNKFGFQWPERLRCEHFPRHGAEQICVGQNHSEDGAPALLTTAPPPGLQPGAGGTPGGPGGGGAPPRYATLEHPFHCPRVLKVPSYLSYKFLGERDCAAPCEPARPDGSMFFSQEETRFARLWILTWSVLCCASTFFTVTTYLVDMQRFRYPERPIIFLSGCYTMVSVAYIAGFVLQERVVCNERFSEDGYRTVVQGTKKEGCTILFMMLYFFSMASSIWWVILSLTWFLAAGMKWGHEAIEANSQYFHLAAWAVPAVKTITILAMGQIDGDLLSGVCFVGLNSLDPLRGFVLAPLFVYLFIGTSFLLAGFVSLFRIRTIMKHDGTKTEKLERLMVRIGVFSVLYTVPATIVIACYFYEQAFREHWERSWVSQHCKSLAIPCPAHYTPRMSPDFTVYMIKYLMTLIVGITSGFWIWSGKTLHSWRKFYTRLTNSRHGETTV (SEQ ID NO: 31)。GenBank™登录号L37882提供了另一个示例性人Frizzled核酸序列。
Vangl家族蛋白是非经典Wnt平面细胞极性通路的组分。在人类中,至少三种Vangl蛋白(Vangl1和Vangl2)属于这个家族。除非另有说明,术语“Van Gogh样蛋白”、“Vang样蛋白”、“VANGL平面细胞极性蛋白”或“Vangl”包含来自任何脊椎动物来源(包括哺乳动物如灵长类(例如,人和食蟹猴(猕猴))、狗和啮齿类(例如,小鼠和大鼠))的多肽(“多肽”和“蛋白质”在本文中可互换使用),包括任何天然多肽。在某些实施方案中,术语包括“相关的Vangl多肽”,包括其SNP变体。术语“Vangl”还包含“全长”、未经处理的Vangl以及在细胞中处理产生的任何形式的Vangl。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl1具有以下氨基酸序列:
MDTESTYSGYSYYSSHSKKSHRQGERTRERHKSPRNKDGRGSEKSVTIQPPTGEPLLGNDSTRTEEVQDDNWGETTTAITGTSEHSISQEDIARISKDMEDSVGLDCKRYLGLTVASFLGLLVFLTPIAFILLPPILWRDELEPCGTICEGLFISMAFKLLILLIGTWALFFRKRRADMPRVFVFRALLLVLIFLFVVSYWLFYGVRILDSRDRNYQGIVQYAVSLVDALLFIHYLAIVLLELRQLQPMFTLQVVRSTDGESRFYSLGHLSIQRAALVVLENYYKDFTIYNPNLLTASKFRAAKHMAGLKVYNVDGPSNNATGQSRAMIAAAARRRDSSHNELYYEEAEHERRVKKRKARLVVAVEEAFIHIQRLQAEEQQKAPGEVMDPREAAQAIFPSMARALQKYLRITRQQNYHSMESILQHLAFCITNGMTPKAFLERYLSAGPTLQYDKDRWLSTQWRLVSDEAVTNGLRDGIVFVLKCLDFSLVVNVKKIPFIILSEEFIDPKSHKFVLRLQSETSV(SEQ ID NO: 32)。GenBank™登录号NM_138959提供了另一个示例性人Vangl1核酸序列。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl2具有以下氨基酸序列:
MDTESQYSGYSYKSGHSRSSRKHRDRRDRHRSKSRDGGRGDKSVTIQAPGEPLLDNESTRGDERDDNWGETTTVVTGTSEHSISHDDLTRIAKDMEDSVPLDCSRHLGVAAGATLALLSFLTPLAFLLLPPLLWREELEPCGTACEGLFISVAFKLLILLLGSWALFFRRPKASLPRVFVLRALLMVLVFLLVVSYWLFYGVRILDARERSYQGVVQFAVSLVDALLFVHYLAVVLLELRQLQPQFTLKVVRSTDGASRFYNVGHLSIQRVAVWILEKYYHDFPVYNPALLNLPKSVLAKKVSGFKVYSLGEENSTNNSTGQSRAVIAAAARRRDNSHNEYYYEEAEHERRVRKRRARLVVAVEEAFTHIKRLQEEEQKNPREVMDPREAAQAIFASMARAMQKYLRTTKQQPYHTMESILQHLEFCITHDMTPKAFLERYLAAGPTIQYHKERWLAKQWTLVSEEPVTNGLKDGIVFLLKRQDFSLVVSTKKVPFFKLSEEFVDPKSHKFVMRLQSETSV(SEQ ID NO: 33)。GenBank™登录号NM_020335提供了另一个示例性人Vangl2核酸序列。
除非另有说明,术语“受体样酪氨酸激酶”或“Ryk”包含来自任何脊椎动物来源(包括哺乳动物如灵长类(例如,人和食蟹猴(猕猴))、狗和啮齿类(例如,小鼠和大鼠))的多肽(“多肽”和“蛋白质”在本文中可互换使用),包括任何天然多肽。在某些实施方案中,术语包括“相关的Ryk多肽”,包括其SNP变体。术语“Ryk”还包含“全长”、未经处理的Vangl以及在细胞中处理产生的任何形式的Vangl。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk具有以下氨基酸序列:
MRGAARLGRPGRSCLPGARGLRAPPPPPLLLLLALLPLLPAPGAAAAPAPRPPELQSASAGPSVSLYLSEDEVRRLIGLDAELYYVRNDLISHYALSFSLLVPSETNFLHFTWHAKSKVEYKLGFQVDNVLAMDMPQVNISVQGEVPRTLSVFRVELSCTGKVDSEVMILMQLNLTVNSSKNFTVLNFKRRKMCYKKLEEVKTSALDKNTSRTIYDPVHAAPTTSTRVFYISVGVCCAVIFLVAIILAVLHLHSMKRIELDDSISASSSSQGLSQPSTQTTQYLRADTPNNATPITSSLGYPTLRIEKNDLRSVTLLEAKGKVKDIAISRERITLKDVLQEGTFGRIFHGILIDEKDPNKEKQAFVKTVKDQASEIQVTMMLTESCKLRGLHHRNLLPITHVCIEEGEKPMVILPYMNWGNLKLFLRQCKLVEANNPQAISQQDLVHMAIQIACGMSYLARREVIHKDLAARNCVIDDTLQVKITDNALSRDLFPMDYHCLGDNENRPVRWMALESLVNNEFSSASDVWAFGVTLWELMTLGQTPYVDIDPFEMAAYLKDGYRIAQPINCPDELFAVMACCWALDPEERPKFQQLVQCLTEFHAALGAYV (SEQ ID NO: 34)。GenBank™登录号NM_001005861提供了另一个示例性人Ryk核酸序列。
除非另有说明,术语“Wnt”包含来自任何脊椎动物来源(包括哺乳动物如灵长类(例如,人和食蟹猴(猕猴))、狗和啮齿类(例如,小鼠和大鼠))的多肽(“多肽”和“蛋白质”在本文中可互换使用),包括任何天然多肽。在某些实施方案中,术语包括“相关的Wnt多肽”,包括其SNP变体。术语“Wnt”还包含“全长”、未经处理的Wnt以及在细胞中处理产生的任何形式的Wnt。因此,例如,在一些实施方案中,Wnt可以指由在人中鉴定的任何Wnt编码基因编码的全长氨基酸序列(J.R. Miller, Genome Biol. 2002;3(1):REVIEWS3001. Epub 2001Dec 28)。在一些实施方案中,Wnt可以指鼠Wnt蛋白,例如鼠Wnt4(Miller2002;同上)。在一些实施方案中,Wnt还可以指含有Wnt的全长连续序列和至少一个另外的氨基酸残基的多肽。在一些实施方案中,Wnt可以指是或含有Wnt蛋白的截短序列、突变的Wnt蛋白的多肽,只要该氨基酸序列保留全长Wnt蛋白的等效生物活性的可接受水平。
术语“神经元”包含神经元及其部分(例如,神经元细胞体、轴突或树突)。如本文所使用的,术语“神经元”表示包括中央细胞体或细胞体和两种类型的延伸或突起(树突,通常大部分神经元信号通过树突传递到细胞体;以及轴突,通常大部分神经元信号通过轴突从细胞体传递到效应细胞,例如靶神经元或肌肉)的神经系统细胞。神经元可以将来自组织和器官的信息传递到中枢神经系统(传入或感觉神经元)中,并且将信号从中枢神经系统传递到效应细胞(传出或运动神经元)。其他神经元(称为中间神经元)连接中枢神经系统(大脑和脊柱)内的神经元。可以接受根据本发明的治疗或方法的神经元类型的某些具体实施例包括小脑颗粒神经元、背根神经节神经元和皮质神经元。
“突触”或是本领域的术语,是指允许信号从神经细胞(即神经元)传递到靶细胞(例如相邻神经元或肌肉细胞)的通信细胞-细胞连接。突触由突触前细胞的突触前膜(例如,神经元的轴突的膜)和突触后细胞的突触后膜(例如,神经元的树突的膜或肌肉或分泌细胞的特定区域的膜)组成,突触前膜和突触后膜通常彼此相对。突触的相对的突触膜之间的间隙称为突触间隙。神经元通常与其相邻的细胞形成多个突触。神经元通常充当在其轴突上形成的突触的突触前细胞,以及充当在其树突上形成的突触的突触后细胞。因此,如本文所使用的“神经元的突触前部位”是指神经元的突触部位,对该突触神经元充当突触前细胞;如本文所使用的“神经元的突触后部位”是指神经元的突触部位,对该突触神经元充当突触后细胞。
术语“神经元变性”被广泛使用,是指神经元细胞中的任何病理变化,包括但不限于神经元细胞的死亡或损失、细胞死亡之前的任何变化、以及神经元细胞的活性或功能的任何减少或损失。神经元的活性或功能的减少或损失的一个根本原因是神经元形成的功能性突触的数量减少。病理变化可以是自发的或可以由任何事件诱导,包括例如与细胞凋亡相关的病理变化。神经元可以是任何神经元,包括但不限于感觉神经元、交感神经元、副交感神经元或肠神经元,例如背根神经节神经元、运动神经元和中枢神经元(例如来自脑的神经元)。神经元变性或细胞损失是多种神经疾病或病症(例如神经退行性疾病或病症)的特征。在一些实施方案中,神经元是感觉神经元。在一些实施方案中,神经元是运动神经元。在一些实施方案中,神经元是脑中的神经元。
如本文所使用的,除非另有说明,否则术语“对象”是指作为治疗、观察和/或实验的对象的动物。“动物”包括脊椎动物和无脊椎动物,例如鱼、贝类、爬行动物、鸟类,尤其是哺乳动物。“哺乳动物”包括但不限于小鼠、大鼠、兔、豚鼠、狗、猫、绵羊、山羊、牛、马、灵长类(例如猴子、黑猩猩、猿和人)。
如本文所使用的,术语“有效量”是指足以产生期望的结果的本文提供的抗体或药物组合物的量。
如本文所使用的,术语“治疗有效量”是指足以降低和/或改善给定疾病、病症或病状和/或与其相关的症状(例如,阿尔茨海默病)的严重性和/或持续时间的药剂(例如,本文提供的抗体或本文所述的任何其他药剂)的量。本发明的物质/分子/药剂的“治疗有效量”可以根据以下因素变化:例如个体的疾病状态、年龄、性别和体重,以及物质/分子/药剂在个体中引发期望的反应的能力。治疗有效量包含其中物质/分子/药剂的任何毒性或有害作用被治疗有益作用所抵消的量。在某些实施方案中,术语“治疗有效量”是指在对象或哺乳动物中有效“治疗”疾病、病症或病状的抗体或其他药剂(例如药物)的量。
“预防有效量”是当施用于对象时将具有预期的预防效果(例如,预防、延迟或降低疾病、病症、病状或相关症状(例如阿尔茨海默病)发作(或复发)的可能性)的药物组合物的量。通常,但不是必须的,由于预防剂量在疾病、病症或病状之前或早期在对象中使用,因此预防有效量可以小于治疗有效量。完全的治疗或预防效果不一定通过一次剂量的施用而发生,但可以仅在施用一系列剂量后发生。因此,治疗或预防有效量可以在一次或多次施用中被施用。
术语“疗法”是指可用于预防、控制、治疗和/或改善神经元病症或病状的任何方案、方法和/或药剂。在某些实施方案中,术语“疗法”是指用于预防、控制、治疗和/或改善神经元疾病、病症、病状的生物疗法、支持疗法和/或其他疗法,这是本领域技术人员例如医务人员已知的。
术语“控制”是指对象从不会导致疾病治愈的疗法(例如,预防剂或治疗剂)中获得的有益效果。在某些实施方案中,向对象施用一种或多种疗法(例如,预防剂或治疗剂)以“控制”神经元病症、一种或多种其症状,从而预防疾病的进展或恶化。
术语“预防”、“防止”和“阻止”是指降低疾病、病症、病状或相关症状(例如,阿尔茨海默病)发作(或复发)的可能性。
“给药”或“施用”是指将存在于体外的物质注射或以其他方式物理递送至患者体内的行为,通过例如粘膜、皮内、静脉内、肌肉内递送和/或本文所述的或本领域已知的任何其他物理递送方法。当治疗疾病、病症、病状或其症状时,物质的施用通常发生在疾病、病症、病状或其症状发作之后。当预防疾病、病症、病状或其症状时,物质的施用通常发生在疾病、病症、病症或其症状发作之前。
当在本文中使用时,术语“抑制”是指部分的(例如1%、2%、5%、10%、20%、25%、50%、75%、90%、95%、99%)或完全的(即100%)抑制。
当在本文中使用时,术语“衰减”或“减弱”是指性质、活性、效果或值部分的(例如1%、2%、5%、10%、20%、25%、50%、75%、90%、95%、99%)或完全的(即100%)降低。
当在本文中使用时,术语“增加”、“增强”或“促进”是指性质、活性、效果或值的增加(例如10%、20%、50%、100%、200%、500%、或更大程度)。
“基本上所有”是指至少约60%、至少约65%、至少约70%、至少约75%、至少约80%、至少约85%、至少约90%、至少约95%、至少约98%、至少约99%或约100%。
短语“基本相似”或“基本相同”表示两个数值(例如,一个与本发明的抗体相关,以及另一个与参考抗体相关)之间足够高的相似性的程度,使得本领域技术人员会认为这两个值之间的差异在由这些值(例如,KD值)测量的生物学特征的范围内具有很小或没有生物学和/或统计学意义。例如,作为参考抗体的值的函数,两个值之间的差异可以小于约50%、小于约40%、小于约30%、小于约20%、小于约10%或小于约5%。
如本文所使用的,短语“显著增加”、“显著降低”或“显著不同”表示两个数值(例如,一个与本发明的抗体相关,以及另一个与参考抗体相关)之间足够高的差异的程度,使得本领域技术人员会认为这两个值之间的差异在由这些值测量的生物学特征的范围内具有统计学意义。例如,作为参考抗体的值的函数,所述两个值之间的差异可以大于约10%、大于约20%、大于约30%、大于约40%或大于约50%。
调控方法
谷氨酸能突触的损失是阿尔茨海默病的发病机制中的重要的早期步骤,并且被认为是由低聚β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)诱导的。例如,突触损失与阿尔茨海默病的认知减退相关,并且在神经原纤维缠结形成和神经元凋亡之前。β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)的过量产生与阿尔茨海默病有关。Aβ很容易自我结合形成一系列神经毒性的可溶性低聚物和不溶性沉积纤维。可溶性Aβ低聚物诱导突触损失、长期增强(LTP)的损失、长期抑制(LTD)的增加和树突棘密度的降低。
突触形成涉及通过生长轴突识别具体的突触后靶标、形成初始接触、以及随后在接触部位细化递质释放机制和突触后机构。突触维持涉及稳定突触前元件和突触后元件之间形成的接触。不受理论束缚,预期本发明中在发育和成人个体两者中平面细胞极性(PCP)通路对谷氨酸能突触的形成和维持起重要作用。具体地,PCP通路组分Frizzled、Dishevelled、Vangl和Celsr被发现位于成人的兴奋性突触中,并且它们的水平在老化的脑和阿尔茨海默病患者的脑中发生变化。Celsr(一种PCP通路组分)介导兴奋性突触的形成。具体地,突触前细胞和突触后细胞表达的Celsr分子在突触间隙形成细胞间复合物。Celsr还与Frizzled形成细胞内复合物以稳定突触组装。另一个PCP通路组分Vangl通过破坏由Celsr和Frizzled形成的细胞内复合物来解离谷氨酸能突触。
钙粘蛋白EGF LAG seven-pass G型受体(CELSR)是粘附G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)的一个具体亚群,其是许多生物过程(例如胚胎发育过程中神经元/内分泌细胞分化、血管瓣膜形成和平面细胞极性的控制)的调节剂。Celsr家族的所有三个成员(Celsr1-3)具有形成同源性相互作用且包含多于2,000个氨基酸的大的胞外域。Celsr基因已被克隆且Celsr蛋白的结构域结构是已知的(Wang et al.J. Neurochem, 2014 December; 131(6): 699-711)。例如,图7A示出了小鼠Celsr3蛋白的细胞外结构域结构,包括9个钙粘蛋白结构域、8个EGF结构域和3个层粘连蛋白结构域。
不受理论的束缚,预期在本发明中Aβ通过靶向PCP通路介导突触毒性,包括诱导兴奋性突触的损失。具体地,预期在本发明中Aβ结合Celsr并减弱由PCP组分形成的蛋白质复合物,从而促进Vangl对神经元突触的解离。具体地,Aβ结合Celsr的一个或多个细胞外结构域。例如,本发明提供的数据表明Aβ结合选自Celsr3的EGF7、EGF8和层粘连蛋白G1结构域中的一个或多个结构域(参见实施例3)。进一步预期Celsr1或Celsr2蛋白的细胞外结构域具有与负责与Aβ结合的Celsr3蛋白的结构域相对应的保守序列,在与Aβ结合方面也保留类似的功能。
因此,在一些实施方案中,用于减少或预防神经元群体中β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)诱导的突触损失的方法包含使神经元与有效量的(a)Celsr激动剂、(b)Frizzled激动剂、(c)Vangl抑制剂、(d)Ryk抑制剂、(e)Aβ抑制剂或(f)(a)至(e)的任何组合接触。在一些实施方案中,神经元群体在对象中,并且其中接触步骤包含向对象施用(a)Celsr激动剂、(b)Frizzled激动剂、(c)Vangl抑制剂、(d)Ryk抑制剂、(e)Aβ抑制剂、(f)(a)至(e)的任何组合。在一些实施方案中,对象患有或有风险发展由神经系统中的突触损失引起的神经退行性疾病。在一些实施方案中,神经退行性疾病包括阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病。
在一些实施方案中,用于减少或预防神经元群体中β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)诱导的突触损失的方法包含使神经元与有效量的Celsr激动剂接触。在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过增加细胞(例如神经元)产生的Celsr蛋白的量发挥激动活性。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过减少位于神经元的突触部位的Celsr的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过减少位于神经元的突触前膜的Celsr的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过减少位于神经元的突触后膜的Celsr的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过减少位于神经元群体的突触前膜和突触后膜两者的Celsr的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过增加Celsr到神经元的突触部位的运输发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过增加Celsr到神经元的突触前膜的组装发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过增加Celsr到神经元的突触后膜的组装发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过增加Celsr到神经元群体的突触前膜和突触后膜两者的组装发挥激动活性。在具体实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,用于减少或预防神经元群体中β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)诱导的突触损失的方法包含使神经元与有效量的Frizzled激动剂接触。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过增加细胞(例如神经元)产生的Frizzled蛋白的量发挥激动活性。
在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过减少位于神经元的突触部位的Frizzled的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过减少位于神经元的突触前膜的Frizzled的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过减少位于神经元的突触后膜的Frizzled的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过减少位于神经元群体的突触前膜和突触后膜两者的Frizzled的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过增加Frizzled到神经元的突触部位的运输发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过增加Frizzled到神经元的突触前膜的组装发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过增加Frizzled到神经元的突触后膜的组装发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过增加Frizzled到神经元群体的突触前膜和突触后膜两者的组装发挥激动活性。在具体实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,用于减少或抑制神经元群体中Aβ诱导的突触损失的方法包含使神经元与有效量的阻断Aβ与Celsr结合的Aβ抑制剂接触。在一些实施方案中,Celsr位于神经元的突触前部位。在一些实施方案中,Celsr位于突触的突触前膜。在一些实施方案中,Celsr位于神经元的突触后部位。在一些实施方案中,Celsr位于突触的突触后膜。在一些实施方案中,Celsr位于神经元群体的突触前部位和突触后部位两者。在一些实施方案中,Celsr位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜两者。在具体实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
根据本发明,各种已知的Celsr同工型可以是诱导突触损失的Aβ的靶标。因此,在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型中的一种,从而阻断Aβ与这种Celsr同工型的结合。例如,在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr1。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr1。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr3。
在替代的实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂能够特异性结合多种Celsr同工型,从而阻断Aβ与此类Celsr同工型的结合。例如,在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr1和Celsr2。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr1和Celsr3。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr2和Celsr3。
在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂能够特异性结合多种Celsr同工型,并且表现出优先结合一种同工型而不是另一种同工型。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂优先结合Celsr3而不是Celsr2。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂以小于结合Celsr2表现出的KD的KD结合Celsr3。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂以小于约95%、小于约90%、小于约80%、小于约70%、小于约60%、小于约50%、小于约40%、小于约30%、小于约20%、小于约10%或小于约5%结合Celsr2表现出的KD的KD结合Celsr3。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7、EGF8和/或层粘连蛋白G1结构域。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7结构域。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF8结构域。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的层粘连蛋白G1结构域。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7结构域和EGF8结构域两者。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7结构域和层粘连蛋白G1结构域两者。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF8结构域和层粘连蛋白G1结构域两者。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7结构域、EGF8结构域和层粘连蛋白G1结构域。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ是单体形式的Aβ肽。在其他实施方案中,Aβ是以低聚形式聚集的多个Aβ肽。具体地,根据本发明,不同种类的Aβ单体(例如具有不同长度和/或序列)能够以低聚形式聚集。例如,不同种类的Aβ单体可以是尺寸范围为37至49个氨基酸残基的肽,其通过β-分泌酶和γ-分泌酶对淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)进行蛋白水解加工而产生。替代地,Aβ低聚物还可以含有相同种类的几种Aβ单体,例如但不限于本领域已知的Aβ42和其他种类的Aβ单体。
在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含至少2个Aβ单体,例如至少2个、3个、4个、5个、6个、7个、8个、9个、10个、11个、12个、13个、14个、15个、16个、17个、18个、19个或20个Aβ单体。在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含约2个至8个Aβ单体。在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含约2个至6个Aβ单体。在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含约2个至4个Aβ单体。在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含2个Aβ单体。在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含3个Aβ单体。在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含约4个Aβ单体。在本段所述的任何实施方案中,Aβ低聚物中的Aβ单体可以是相同的或不同的种类。在本段所述的任何实施方案中,Aβ低聚物中的Aβ单体是Aβ42。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体特异性结合Celsr3的EGF7结构域中的表位。在一些实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体特异性结合Celsr3的EGF8结构域中的表位。在一些实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体特异性结合Celsr3的层粘连蛋白G1结构域中的表位。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr1的抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr2的抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr3的抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。
在替代的实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是特异性结合选自Celsr1、Celsr2和Celsr3的多种Celsr同工型的抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是优先结合Celsr3而不是Celsr2的抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在具体实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段以小于结合Celsr2表现出的KD的KD结合Celsr3。在具体实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段以小于约95%、小于约90%、小于约80%、小于约70%、小于约60%、小于约50%、小于约40%、小于约30%、小于约20%、小于约10%或小于约5%结合Celsr2表现出的KD的KD结合Celsr3。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂结合Aβ,并且在结合Aβ后阻止或减少Aβ结合Celsr。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂包含Celsr蛋白的Aβ结合位点并且能够与Celsr竞争结合Aβ。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂包含:(a)Celsr的EGF7结构域或其功能变体的一个或多个拷贝、(b)Celsr的EGF8结构域或其功能变体的一个或多个拷贝、(c)Celsr的层粘连蛋白G1结构域或其功能变体的一个或多个拷贝或(d)(a)至(c)的任何组合。在本段所述的任何实施方案中,Celsr3结构域的功能变体可以与天然Celsr3结构域序列具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%的序列同源性。
在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂包含人来源的且具有以下氨基酸序列的Celsr的层粘连蛋白Gl结构域:
VAARSFPPSSFVMFRGLRQRFHLTLSLSFATVQQSGLLFYNGRLNEKHDFLALELVAGQVRLTYSTGESNTVVSPTVPGGLSDGQWHTVHLRYYNKPRTDALGGAQGPSKDKVAVLSVDDCDVAVALQFGAEIGNYSCAAAGVQTSSKKSLDLTGPLLLGGVPNLPENFPVSHKDFIGCMRDLHIDGRRVDMAAFVANNGTMAGC (SEQ ID NO:35),或与SEQ ID NO: 35具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的功能变体。在具体实施方案中,层粘连蛋白G1结构域的功能变体在突触处能够结合Aβ并阻断Aβ与Celsr的结合。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是包含多于1、2、3、4或5个拷贝的Celsr层粘连蛋白G1结构域或其功能变体的融合蛋白。
在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂包含小鼠来源的且具有以下氨基酸序列的Celsr的层粘连蛋白Gl结构域:
VAARSFPPSSFVMFRGLRQRFHLTLSLSFATVQPSGLLFYNGRLNEKHDFLALELVAGQVRLTYSTGESNTVVSPTVPGGLSDGQWHTVHLRYYNKPRTDALGGAQGPSKDKVAVLSVDDCNVAVALQFGAEIGNYSCMAGVQTSSKKSLDLTGPLLLGGVPNLPENFPVSHKDFIGCMRDLHIDGRRMDMAAFVANNGTMAGC (SEQ ID NO: 36),或与SEQ ID NO: 36具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的功能变体。
在具体实施方案中,层粘连蛋白G1结构域的功能变体在突触处能够结合Aβ并阻断Aβ与Celsr的结合。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是包含多于1、2、3、4或5个拷贝的Celsr层粘连蛋白G1结构域或其功能变体的融合蛋白。
在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂包含人来源的且具有以下氨基酸序列的Celsr的EGF7结构域:
HRMDQQCPRGWWGSPTCGPNCDVHKGFDPNCN (SEQ ID NO: 37),或与SEQ ID NO: 37具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的功能变体。在具体实施方案中,Celsr结构域的EGF7结构域的功能变体在突触处能够结合Aβ并阻断Aβ与Celsr结合。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是包含多于1、2、3、4或5个拷贝的Celsr EGF7结构域或其功能变体的融合蛋白。
在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂包含小鼠来源的且具有以下氨基酸序列的Celsr的EGF7结构域:
YFGQHCEHRVDQQCPRGWWGSPTCGPCNCDVHKGFDPNCN (SEQ ID NO: 38),或与SEQ IDNO: 38具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的功能变体。在具体实施方案中,EGF7结构域的功能变体在突触处能够结合Aβ并阻断Aβ与Celsr结合。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是包含多于1、2、3、4或5个拷贝的Celsr EGF7结构域或其功能变体的融合蛋白。
在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂包含人或小鼠来源的且具有以下氨基酸序列的Celsr的EGF8结构域:
TNGQCHCKEFHYRPRGSDSCLPCDCYPVGSTSRSCA (SEQ ID NO: 39),或与SEQ ID NO:39具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的功能变体。在具体实施方案中,EGF8结构域的功能变体在突触处能够结合Aβ并阻断Aβ与Celsr结合。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是包含多于1、2、3、4或5个拷贝的Celsr EGF8结构域或其功能变体的融合蛋白。
在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂包含Celsr的细胞外结构域或与Celsr细胞外结构域的天然序列具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%的序列同源性的其功能变体的一个或多个拷贝。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是包含多于1、2、3、4或5个拷贝的Celsr细胞外结构域或其功能变体的融合蛋白。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂包含含有与免疫球蛋白的Fc区融合的Celsr肽的融合蛋白。在具体实施方案中,Celsr肽选自以下肽:包含Celsr层粘连蛋白G1结构域或其功能变体的肽、包含Celsr层粘连蛋白EGF7结构域或其功能变体的肽、包含Celsr层粘连蛋白EGF8结构域或其功能变体的肽和包含Celsr细胞外结构域或其功能变体的肽。在本段所述的各种实施方案中,Celsr肽的功能变体在突触处能够结合Aβ并阻断Aβ与Celsr的结合。在本段所述的各种实施方案中,Fe区选自IgG1 Fc、IgG2 Fc、IgG3 Fc、IgG4 Fc、IgA Fc、IgDFc、IgM Fc、IgE Fc或其功能性Fc区变体。在本段所述的各种实施方案中,Fc区可以是人来源的。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是结合Aβ的抗体或其抗原结合片段,并且在结合Aβ后阻止或减少Aβ结合Celsr。
如上所述,本发明考虑PCP通路组分是低聚Aβ诱导谷氨酸能突触损失的直接靶标。低聚Aβ直接结合Celsr并协助Vangl解离突触。例如,实施例1示出了Vangl参与Aβ诱导的突触损失;实施例2示出了Vangl破坏由PCP通路组分形成的细胞间复合物;以及实施例4示出了在阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型中Vangl条件性敲除(cKO)减少谷氨酸能突触损失。因此,在一些实施方案中,用于减少或预防神经元群体中Aβ诱导的突触损失的本发明的方法包含使神经元与有效量的Vangl抑制剂接触。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂通过减少细胞产生的Vangl蛋白的量发挥抑制功能。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂包含核酸分子。在一些实施方案中,核酸分子是减少或抑制Vangl编码基因的表达的microRNA、siRNA或基于CRISPR基因编辑的构建体。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂通过阻止Vangl与神经元的突触部位中存在的一种或多种PCP通路组分结合发挥抑制功能。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与包含神经元的突触部位中的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物结合。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与包含位于突触的突触前膜的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白和位于神经元的突触前部位的Frizzled的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白和位于突触的突触前膜的Frizzled的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与神经元的突触前部位中的Frizzled结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与神经元的突触前膜中的Frizzled结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触后部位的Vangl与包含神经元的突触前部位中的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物结合。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触的突触后膜的Vangl与包含突触的突触前膜中Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触后部位的Vangl与包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白的细胞内复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触的突触后膜的Vangl与包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触后部位的Vangl与包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白和位于神经元的突触前部位的Frizzled的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触的突触后膜的Vangl与包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白和位于突触的突触前膜的Frizzled的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触后部位的Vangl与神经元的突触前部位中的Frizzled结合。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触的突触后膜的Vangl与突触的突触前膜中的Frizzled结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂通过阻止Vangl破坏由一种或多种PCP通路组分在突触处形成的细胞间复合物发挥抑制功能。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl破坏包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl破坏包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂通过阻止Vangl破坏由一种或多种PCP通路组分形成的细胞内复合物发挥抑制功能。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl破坏包含神经元的突触前部位中的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl破坏包含位于突触的突触前膜的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂是特异性结合Vangl的拮抗抗体或包含抗Vangl抗体的抗原结合片段的分子。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂是小分子化合物。
不受理论束缚,本发明还考虑了PCP介导的突触形成的另外的调节剂。具体地,进一步考虑Ryk是Wnt的受体,并且通过调节PCP通路参与Wnt介导的突触损失。例如,实施例5示出了Wnt/Vangl2/Ryk信号传导轴介导低聚Aβ诱导的突触损失;实施例6示出了在体内Ryk是低聚β淀粉样蛋白介导的突触毒性所需的。
因此,在一些实施方案中,用于减少或预防神经元群体中Aβ诱导的突触损失的本发明的方法,包含使神经元与有效量的单独的或与本文所述的Aβ抑制剂、Vangl抑制剂、Celsr激动剂和Frizzled激动剂中的一种或多种的组合的Ryk抑制剂接触。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂通过减少细胞(例如神经元)产生的Ryk蛋白的量发挥抑制功能。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂包含核酸分子。在一些实施方案中,核酸分子是减少或抑制Ryk编码基因的表达的microRNA、siRNA或基于CRISPR基因编辑的构建体。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂通过阻止Ryk与神经元的突触部位中存在的一种或多种PCP通路组分结合发挥抑制功能。在具体实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与包含神经元的突触前部位中的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物结合。在具体实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与包含突触的突触前膜中的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白和位于神经元的突触前部位的Frizzled的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白和位于突触的突触前膜的Frizzled的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在具体实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与神经元的突触前部位中的Frizzled结合。在具体实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与突触的突触前膜中的Frizzled结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与Wnt结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂是特异性结合Ryk的拮抗抗体或包含抗Ryk抗体的抗原结合片段的分子。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂包含如国际申请PCT/US2017/024494号(公开号:WO 2017/172733)中所述的一种或多种抗Ryk抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂是小分子化合物。
在另一方面,本文提供了用于调控神经元群体中突触形成的方法和相关药剂。具体地,在一些实施方案中,方法包含调控一种或多种平面细胞极性(PCP)信号传导通路组分和/或一种或多种非经典Wnt信号传导通路组分。具体地,在一些实施方案中,PCP信号传导通路组分选自Celsr、Frizzled和Vangl。在一些实施方案中,非经典Wnt信号传导通路组分是Ryk。在具体实施方案中,调控神经元群体中突触形成的方法包含使神经元与有效量的(a)Celsr激动剂、(b)Frizzled激动剂、(c)Vangl抑制剂、(d)Ryk抑制剂或(e)(a)至(d)的任何组合接触。在一些实施方案中,神经元群体在对象中,并且接触步骤包含向对象施用有效量的(a)Celsr激动剂、(b)Frizzled激动剂、(c)Vangl抑制剂、(d)Ryk抑制剂、(e)(a)至(d)的任何组合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在具体实施方案中,PCP信号传导通路组分是Celsr,并且方法包含使神经元与有效量的如本文所述的Celsr激动剂接触。在具体实施方案中,Celsr是一种或多种选自Celsr1、Celsr2和Celsr3的同工型。在具体实施方案中,Celsr是Celsr3。
在具体实施方案中,PCP信号传导通路组分是Frizzled,并且方法包含使神经元与有效量的如本文所述的Frizzled激动剂接触。
在具体实施方案中,PCP信号传导通路组分是Vangl,并且方法包含使神经元与有效量的如本文所述的Vangl抑制剂接触。在具体实施方案中,Vangl是一种或多种选自Vangl1和Vangl2的同工型。在具体实施方案中,Vangl是Vangl2。
在一些实施方案中,非经典Wnt信号传导通路组分是Ryk,并且方法包含使神经元与有效量的如本文所述的Ryk抑制剂接触。
在本文所述的各种实施方案中,本发明的方法在神经元群体中增加包含Celsr和Frizzled的复合物的量或数量。在一些实施方案中,复合物含有一种或多种选自Celsr1、Celsr2和Celsr3的Celsr蛋白的异构体。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于神经元的突触前部位的Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于突触的突触前膜的Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于神经元的突触后部位的Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于突触的突触后膜的Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于神经元群体的突触前部位和突触后部位两者的Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜两者的Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于神经元的突触前部位的Frizzled。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于突触的突触前膜的Frizzled。在一些实施方案中,复合物进一步包含Ryk。在一些实施方案中,复合物进一步包含Wnt。在具体实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在本文所述的各种实施方案中,本发明的方法在神经元群体中增加包含Celsr、Frizzled和Vangl的复合物的量。在一些实施方案中,复合物含有一种或多种选自Celsr1、Celsr2和Celsr3的Celsr蛋白的异构体。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于神经元的突触前部位的Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于突触的突触前膜的Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于神经元的突触后部位的Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于突触的突触后膜的Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于神经元群体的突触前部位和突触后部位两者的Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜两者的Celsr。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于神经元的突触前部位的Frizzled。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于突触的突触前膜的Frizzled。在一些实施方案中,复合物含有一种或多种选自Vangl1和Vangl2的Vangl蛋白的异构体。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于神经元的突触后部位的Vangl。在一些实施方案中,复合物包含位于突触的突触后膜的Vangl。在一些实施方案中,复合物进一步包含Ryk。在一些实施方案中,复合物进一步包含Wnt。在具体实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在本文所述的各种实施方案中,本发明的方法在神经元群体中增加包含Celsr和Frizzled的复合物的量。在具体实施方案中,复合物包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜两者的Celsr,并且复合物的形成由Celsr的细胞外结构域介导。在具体实施方案中,复合物的形成由Celsr的EGF7、EGF8和/或层粘连蛋白G1结构域介导。在具体实施方案中,复合物的形成由Celsr的层粘连蛋白G1结构域介导。
在本文所述的各种实施方案中,本发明的方法在神经元群体中稳定突触。在一些实施方案中,本发明的方法在神经元群体中增加突触的数量。在一些实施方案中,在神经元群体中位于神经元的突触前部位的Celsr的量增加。在一些实施方案中,在神经元群体中位于突触的突触前膜的Celsr的量增加。在一些实施方案中,在神经元群体中位于神经元的突触后部位的Celsr的量增加。在一些实施方案中,在神经元群体中位于突触的突触后膜的Celsr的量增加。在一些实施方案中,在神经元群体中位于神经元的突触前部位的Frizzled的量增加。在一些实施方案中,在神经元群体中位于突触的突触前膜的Frizzled的量增加。在具体实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,神经元群体包含小脑颗粒神经元、背根神经节神经元、皮质神经元、交感神经元或海马神经元。
筛选方法
在另一方面,本文还提供了用于选择能够调控神经元群体中突触形成的药剂的方法。在一些实施方案中,方法包含提供包含表达Frizzled和Celsr的第一细胞和表达Vangl的第二细胞的细胞群体;测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的联系的第一水平;使候选药剂与细胞群体接触;测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的联系的第二水平;以及如果联系的第二水平与联系的第一水平不同,选择候选药剂作为调节剂。
在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是神经元,例如但不限于小脑颗粒神经元、背根神经节神经元、皮质神经元、交感神经元或海马神经元。在一些实施方案中,细胞群体包含编码一种或多种在细胞表面上表达的蛋白质的外源核酸。在具体实施方案中,细胞包含至少一种编码Celsr的外源核酸。在具体实施方案中,细胞包含至少一种编码选自Celsr1、Celsr2和Celsr3的Celsr蛋白异构体的外源核酸。在具体实施方案中,细胞包含至少一种编码Vangl的外源核酸。在具体实施方案中,细胞包含至少一种编码选自Vangl1和Vangl2的Vangl蛋白异构体的外源核酸。在具体实施方案中,细胞包含至少一种编码Frizzled的外源核酸。
在另一方面,本文还提供了用于选择能够调控神经元群体中突触形成的药剂的方法。在一些实施方案中,方法包含提供包含表达Frizzled和Celsr的第一细胞和表达Vangl的第二细胞的细胞群体;测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的联系的第一水平;使候选药剂与细胞群体接触;测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的联系的第二水平;以及如果联系的第二水平与联系的第一水平不同,选择候选药剂作为调节剂。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr或Celsr变体在细胞的表面被表达。在一些实施方案中,第二细胞进一步表达Celsr。在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是神经元。在一些实施方案中,第二细胞进一步表达Celsr。在一些实施方案中,第一细胞进一步表达Ryk。
在一些实施方案中,测量步骤包含测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的结合亲和力。在一些实施方案中,测量步骤包含测量Celsr和Vangl之间的结合亲和力。
在一些实施方案中,测量步骤通过测量细胞群体中包含Celsr和Frizzled的复合物的量进行。在一些实施方案中,复合物的量通过来自细胞群体的Celsr和Frizzled的免疫共沉淀测量。在一些实施方案中,复合物的量通过来自细胞群体的Celsr和Vangl的免疫共沉淀测量。
在一些实施方案中,测量步骤通过测量细胞中Celsr和Frizzled的共定位水平进行。在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是形成突触的神经元,并且Celsr和Frizzled的共定位是在神经元的突触部位。在一些实施方案中,测量共定位水平通过显微镜观察Celsr和Frizzled进行。
在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是神经元,并且测量步骤包含测量神经元中位于突触部位的Celsr的量。在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是神经元,并且测量步骤包含测量神经元中位于突触部位的Frizzled的量。在一些实施方案中,测量包含通过显微镜观察Celsr或Frizzled。在一些实施方案中,测量进一步包含通过显微镜观察突触标记物。在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是神经元,并且测量步骤通过测量神经元中形成的突触的数量进行。
在一些实施方案中,候选药剂包含小分子化合物、核酸或肽。在一些实施方案中,候选药剂包含microRNA、siRNA或基于CRISPR基因编辑的构建体。在一些实施方案中,候选药剂是抗体或其抗原结合片段。
在一些实施方案中,方法在低聚Aβ存在下进行。在一些实施方案中,方法在Wnt存在下进行。
在一些实施方案中,细胞的基因组包含Ryk基因的杂合或纯合缺失、失活或敲除。在一些实施方案中,细胞的基因组进一步包含Vangl基因的杂合或纯合缺失、失活或敲除。
在一些实施方案中,细胞群体在非人类哺乳动物中,并且接触步骤通过将候选药剂施用至非人类哺乳动物进行。
在另一个方面,本文还提供了选择阻止或减少Aβ介导的神经毒性的β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)抑制剂的方法。在各种实施方案中,方法包含在存在Aβ下使候选药剂与Celsr或Celsr变体接触;以及如果候选药剂减少或抑制Aβ与Celsr或Celsr变体的结合,选择候选药剂作为Aβ抑制剂。
在另一方面,本文还提供了用于选择能够调控神经元群体中突触形成的药剂的方法。在一些实施方案中,方法包含提供包含表达Frizzled和Celsr的第一细胞和表达Vangl的第二细胞的细胞群体;测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的联系的第一水平;使候选药剂与细胞群体接触;测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的联系的第二水平;以及如果联系的第二水平与联系的第一水平不同,选择候选药剂作为调节剂。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr或Celsr变体在细胞的表面被表达。在一些实施方案中,第二细胞进一步表达Celsr。在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是神经元。在一些实施方案中,第二细胞进一步表达Celsr。在一些实施方案中,第一细胞进一步表达Ryk。
在一些实施方案中,测量包含测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的结合亲和力。在一些实施方案中,测量包含测量Celsr和Vangl之间的结合亲和力。
在一些实施方案中,测量通过测量细胞群体中包含Celsr和Frizzled的复合物的量进行。在一些实施方案中,复合物的量通过来自细胞群体的Celsr和Frizzled的免疫共沉淀测量。在一些实施方案中,复合物的量通过来自细胞群体的Celsr和Vangl的免疫共沉淀测量。
在一些实施方案中,测量通过测量细胞中Celsr和Frizzled的共定位水平进行。在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是形成突触的神经元,并且Celsr和Frizzled的共定位是在神经元的突触部位。在一些实施方案中,测量共定位水平通过显微镜观察Celsr和Frizzled进行。
在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是神经元,并且测量步骤包含测量神经元中位于突触部位的Celsr的量。在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是神经元,并且测量步骤包含测量神经元中位于突触部位的Frizzled的量。在一些实施方案中,测量包含通过显微镜观察Celsr或Frizzled。在一些实施方案中,测量进一步包含通过显微镜观察突触标记物。在一些实施方案中,细胞群体是神经元,并且测量步骤通过测量神经元中形成的突触的数量进行。
在一些实施方案中,候选药剂包含小分子化合物、核酸或肽。在一些实施方案中,候选药剂包含microRNA、siRNA或基于CRISPR基因编辑的构建体。在一些实施方案中,候选药剂是抗体或其抗原结合片段。
在一些实施方案中,方法在低聚Aβ存在下进行。在一些实施方案中,方法在Wnt存在下进行。
在一些实施方案中,细胞的基因组包含Ryk基因的杂合或纯合缺失、失活或敲除。在一些实施方案中,细胞的基因组进一步包含Vangl基因的杂合或纯合缺失、失活或敲除。
在一些实施方案中,细胞群体在非人类哺乳动物中,并且接触步骤通过将候选药剂施用至非人类哺乳动物进行。
在又一方面,本文还提供用于选择预防或减少Aβ介导的神经毒性的β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)抑制剂的方法。在具体实施方案中,选择预防或减少Aβ介导的神经毒性的β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)抑制剂的方法包含在Aβ存在下使候选药剂与Celsr或Celsr变体接触;以及如果候选药剂减少或抑制Aβ与Celsr或Celsr变体的结合,选择候选药剂作为Aβ抑制剂。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr或Celsr变体在细胞的表面被表达。在一些实施方案中,细胞是神经元。在一些实施方案中,细胞在体外细胞培养物中。在一些实施方案中,细胞是非人类哺乳动物细胞。在一些实施方案中,Celsr或Celsr变体被固定在固体支持物上。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr变体包含以下的缺失:(a)一个或多个Celsr钙粘蛋白结构域、(b)一个或多个选自EFG1、EFG2、EFG3、EFG4、EFG5和EFG6的Celsr EFG 结构域、(c)一个或多个选自层粘连蛋白G2和层粘连蛋白G3的Celsr层粘连蛋白结构域或(d)(a)至(c)的任何组合。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr变体基本上由一个或多个选自EFG7、EFG8和层粘连蛋白G1的Celsr细胞外结构域组成。在一些实施方案中,Aβ是包含约2-5个Aβ单体的低聚Aβ。
在一些实施方案中,候选药剂包含小分子化合物、核酸或肽。在一些实施方案中,候选药剂是抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,抗体或抗原结合片段与Celsr的EFG7、EFG8或层粘连蛋白G1结构域中的表位结合。在一些实施方案中,候选药剂是抗Aβ抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,候选药剂是候选药剂文库的成员。
在一些实施方案中,方法进一步包含将选择的候选药剂施用于患有或有风险发展神经退行性疾病的对象。在一些实施方案中,对象中神经元突触的数量增加。在一些实施方案中,神经退行性疾病被预防或治疗。在一些实施方案中,神经退行性疾病是阿尔茨海默病或帕金森病。在一些实施方案中,Celsr是Celsr3。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled是Frizzled3。在一些实施方案中,Vangl是Vangl2。
治疗方法
在另一方面,本文还提供了用于控制、预防和/或治疗由对象的神经系统中的兴奋性突触(例如谷氨酸能突触)损失引起的神经退行性疾病(例如阿尔茨海默病)的方法和治疗剂。在具体实施方案中,神经退行性疾病是阿尔茨海默病。在具体实施方案中,神经退行性疾病是帕金森病。
在一些实施方案中,控制、预防或治疗对象中的神经退行性疾病的方法包含向对象施用治疗有效量的(a)Celsr激动剂、(b)Frizzled激动剂、(c)Vangl抑制剂、(d)Ryk抑制剂、(e)Aβ抑制剂或(f)(a)至(e)的任何组合。
在具体实施方案中,控制、预防或治疗对象中神经退行性疾病的方法包含施用治疗有效量的阻断Aβ与Celsr结合的Aβ抑制剂。在一些实施方案中,Celsr位于神经元的突触前部位。在一些实施方案中,Celsr位于突触的突触前膜。在一些实施方案中,Celsr位于神经元的突触后部位。在一些实施方案中,Celsr位于突触的突触后膜。在一些实施方案中,Celsr位于神经元群体的突触前部位和突触后部位两者。在一些实施方案中,Celsr位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜两者。在具体实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
根据本发明,各种已知的Celsr同工型可以是诱导突触损失的Aβ的靶标。因此,在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型中的一种,从而阻断Aβ与这种Celsr同工型的结合。例如,在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr1。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr1。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr3。
在替代的实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂能够特异性结合多种Celsr同工型,从而阻断Aβ与此类Celsr同工型的结合。例如,在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr1和Celsr2。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr1和Celsr3。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr2和Celsr3。
在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂能够特异性结合多种Celsr同工型,并且表现出优先结合一种同工型而不是另一种同工型。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂优先结合Celsr3而不是Celsr2。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂以小于结合Celsr2表现出的KD的KD结合Celsr3。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂以小于约95%、小于约90%、小于约80%、小于约70%、小于约60%、小于约50%、小于约40%、小于约30%、小于约20%、小于约10%或小于约5%结合Celsr2表现出的KD的KD结合Celsr3。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7、EGF8和/或层粘连蛋白G1结构域。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7结构域。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF8结构域。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的层粘连蛋白G1结构域。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7结构域和EGF8结构域两者。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7结构域和层粘连蛋白G1结构域两者。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF8结构域和层粘连蛋白G1结构域两者。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7结构域、EGF8结构域和层粘连蛋白G1结构域。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ是单体形式的Aβ肽。在其他实施方案中,Aβ是以低聚形式聚集的多个Aβ肽。具体地,根据本发明,不同种类的Aβ单体(例如具有不同长度和/或序列)能够以低聚形式聚集。例如,不同种类的Aβ单体可以是尺寸范围为37至49个氨基酸残基的肽,其通过β-分泌酶和γ-分泌酶对淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)进行蛋白水解加工而产生。替代地,Aβ低聚物还可以含有相同种类的几种Aβ单体,例如但不限于本领域已知的Aβ42和其他种类的Aβ单体。
在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含至少2个Aβ单体,例如至少2个、3个、4个、5个、6个、7个、8个、9个、10个、11个、12个、13个、14个、15个、16个、17个、18个、19个或20个Aβ单体。在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含约2个至8个Aβ单体。在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含约2个至6个Aβ单体。在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含约2个至4个Aβ单体。在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含2个Aβ单体。在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含3个Aβ单体。在具体实施方案中,Aβ低聚物包含约4个Aβ单体。在本段所述的任何实施方案中,Aβ低聚物中的Aβ单体可以是相同的或不同的种类。在本段所述的任何实施方案中,Aβ低聚物中的Aβ单体是Aβ42。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体特异性结合Celsr3的EGF7结构域中的表位。在一些实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体特异性结合Celsr3的EGF8结构域中的表位。在一些实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体特异性结合Celsr3的层粘连蛋白G1结构域中的表位。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr1的抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr2的抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是特异性结合Celsr同工型Celsr3的抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。
在替代的实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是特异性结合选自Celser1、Celsr2和Celsr3的多种Celsr同工型的抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在具体实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是优先结合Celsr3而不是Celsr2的抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。在具体实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段以小于结合Celsr2表现出的KD的KD结合Celsr3。在具体实施方案中,抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段以小于约95%、小于约90%、小于约80%、小于约70%、小于约60%、小于约50%、小于约40%、小于约30%、小于约20%、小于约10%或小于约5%结合Celsr2表现出的KD的KD结合Celsr3。
在一些实施方案中,Aβ抑制剂是结合Aβ的抗体或其抗原结合片段,并且在结合Aβ后阻止或减少Aβ结合Celsr。
在一些实施方案中,控制、预防或治疗对象中神经退行性疾病的方法进一步包含向对象施用至少一种另外的治疗剂。在一些实施方案中,至少一种另外的治疗剂选自如本文所述的Ryk抑制剂、Vangl抑制剂、Celsr激动剂或Frizzled激动剂。
在具体实施方案中,控制、预防或治疗对象中神经退行性疾病的方法包含向对象施用治疗有效量的与至少一种包含Ryk抑制剂的另外的治疗剂组合的如本文所述的Aβ抑制剂。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂通过减少细胞(例如神经元)产生的Ryk蛋白的量发挥抑制功能。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂包含核酸分子。在一些实施方案中,核酸分子是减少或抑制Ryk编码基因的表达的microRNA、siRNA或基于CRISPR基因编辑的构建体。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂通过阻止Ryk与神经元的突触部位中存在的一种或多种PCP通路组分结合发挥抑制功能。在具体实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与包含神经元的突触前部位中的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物结合。在具体实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与包含突触的突触前膜中的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白和位于神经元的突触前部位的Frizzled的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白和位于突触的突触前膜的Frizzled的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在具体实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与神经元的突触前部位中的Frizzled结合。在具体实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与突触的突触前膜中的Frizzled结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂阻止Ryk与Wnt结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂是特异性结合Ryk的拮抗抗体或包含抗Ryk抗体的抗原结合片段的分子。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂包含如国际申请PCT/US2017/024494号(公开号:WO 2017/172733)中所述的一种或多种抗Ryk抗体或其抗原结合片段。在一些实施方案中,Ryk抑制剂是小分子化合物。
在具体实施方案中,控制、预防或治疗对象中神经退行性疾病的方法包含向对象施用治疗有效量的与至少一种包含Vangl抑制剂的另外的治疗剂组合的如本文所述的Aβ抑制剂。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂通过减少细胞产生的Vangl蛋白的量发挥抑制功能。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂包含核酸分子。在一些实施方案中,核酸分子是减少或抑制Vangl编码基因表达的microRNA、siRNA或基于CRISPR基因编辑的构建体。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂通过阻止Vangl与神经元的突触部位中存在的一种或多种PCP通路组分结合发挥抑制功能。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与包含神经元的突触部位中的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物结合。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与包含位于突触的突触前膜的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白和位于神经元的突触前部位的Frizzled的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白和位于突触的突触前膜的Frizzled的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与神经元的突触前部位中的Frizzled结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl与神经元的突触前膜中的Frizzled结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触后部位的Vangl与包含神经元的突触前部位中的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物结合。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触的突触后膜的Vangl与包含突触的突触前膜中Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触后部位的Vangl与包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白的细胞内复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触的突触后膜的Vangl与包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触后部位的Vangl与包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白和位于神经元的突触前部位的Frizzled的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触的突触后膜的Vangl与包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白和位于突触的突触前膜的Frizzled的细胞间复合物结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触后部位的Vangl与神经元的突触前部位中的Frizzled结合。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止位于突触的突触后膜的Vangl与突触的突触前膜中的Frizzled结合。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂通过阻止Vangl破坏由一种或多种PCP通路组分在突触处形成的细胞间复合物发挥抑制功能。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl破坏包含位于神经元的突触前部位和突触后部位的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl破坏包含位于突触的突触前膜和突触后膜的Celsr蛋白的细胞间复合物。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂通过阻止Vangl破坏由一种或多种PCP通路组分形成的细胞内复合物发挥抑制功能。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl破坏包含神经元的突触前部位中的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物。在具体实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂阻止Vangl破坏包含位于突触的突触前膜的Celsr和Frizzled的细胞内复合物。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂是特异性结合Vangl的拮抗抗体或包含抗Vangl抗体的抗原结合片段的分子。在一些实施方案中,Vangl抑制剂是小分子化合物。
在具体实施方案中,控制、预防或治疗对象中神经退行性疾病的方法包含向对象施用治疗有效量的与至少一种包含Celsr激动剂的另外的治疗剂组合的如本文所述的Aβ抑制剂。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过增加细胞(例如神经元)产生的Celsr蛋白的量发挥激动活性。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过减少位于神经元的突触部位的Celsr的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过减少位于神经元的突触前膜的Celsr的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过减少位于神经元的突触后膜的Celsr的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过减少位于神经元群体的突触前膜和突触后膜两者的Celsr的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过增加Celsr到神经元的突触部位的运输发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过增加Celsr到神经元的突触前膜的组装发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过增加Celsr到神经元的突触后膜的组装发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Celsr激动剂通过增加Celsr到神经元群体的突触前膜和突触后膜两者的组装发挥激动活性。在具体实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在具体实施方案中,控制、预防或治疗对象中神经退行性疾病的方法包含向对象施用治疗有效量的与至少一种包含Frizzled激动剂的另外的治疗剂组合的如本文所述的Aβ抑制剂。
在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过增加细胞(例如神经元)产生的Frizzled蛋白的量发挥激动活性。
在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过减少位于神经元的突触部位的Frizzled的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过减少位于神经元的突触前膜的Frizzled的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过减少位于神经元的突触后膜的Frizzled的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过减少位于神经元群体的突触前膜和突触后膜两者的Frizzled的内吞作用发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过增加Frizzled到神经元的突触部位的运输发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过增加Frizzled到神经元的突触前膜的组装发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过增加Frizzled到神经元的突触后膜的组装发挥激动活性。在一些实施方案中,Frizzled激动剂通过增加Frizzled到神经元群体的突触前膜和突触后膜两者的组装发挥激动活性。在具体实施方案中,突触是兴奋性突触。在具体实施方案中,突触是谷氨酸能突触。
实施例
本部分中的实施例仅用于说明而非限制。
一般方法
动物. 以下研究中的所有动物工作均得到加州大学圣地亚哥分校(UCSD)机构动物护理和使用委员会批准。将动物圈养在12小时光照/黑暗周期中,并在光照周期期间一致的早晨时间进行行为分析。携带以下五种突变:人APP695中Swedish(K670N和M671L)、Florida(I716V)和London(V717I)以及人PS1 cDNA(M146L和L286V)的5xFAD转基因小鼠受神经元特异性Thy-1启动子的转录控制并从杰克逊实验室购买。5xFAD小鼠与Vangl2 fl/fl(cKO)杂交,由哈佛医学院的Yingzi Yang提供(Song, H. et al. Planar cell polaritybreaks bilateral symmetry by controlling ciliary positioning. Nature 466,378-382, doi:10.1038/nature09129 (2010))。
Aβ低聚物制备。将人Aβ42(AnaSpec)或人生物素β淀粉样蛋白(1-42)(AnaSpec)溶解在二甲亚砜(DMSO)中。然后用F12培养基对其进行超声和稀释以Aβ单体化至100 μM的浓度。对于低聚化,将溶液在4℃下孵育24-26小时,以16,000 xg离心20分钟,并收集上清液作为低聚化Aβ。
使用12% tris-甘氨酸凝胶通过SDS-PAGE分析低聚Aβ42制剂。将50 μg Aβ42肽加载到凝胶中并在25 mA下进行电泳分离。将凝胶转移到PVDF膜上。使用抗体6E10(BioLegend)检测信号。对于图1,据估计,Aβ42以单体(定义为分子量2.5-6.5 kD)存在的百分比为26.94±7.43%(n=4);以二聚体(MW 6.5-11.5 kD)的百分比为2.06±0.41%;以三聚体(MW 11.5-15.5 kD)的百分比为17.84±0.97%;以四聚体(MW 15.5-20.5 kD)的百分比为38.15±5.09%,以高n低聚物的百分比为15.01±7.95%。
脑室内(ICV)注射Aβ低聚物。通过腹膜内注射氯胺酮/甲苯噻嗪混合物对成年(2-3个月大)小鼠进行深度麻醉,直到对脚趾和尾巴的挤压没有反应。将Aβ低聚物(5 ng;体积250 nl)或PBS(体积 250 nl)立体定向注射到双侧室中(-0.1 mm前后,1 mm中外侧和-2.5mm背腹)。ICV注射后5天,收集脑用于免疫组织化学。
AAV Cre海马内注射。通过腹膜内注射氯胺酮/甲苯噻嗪混合物对成年Vangl2 cKO和同窝仔畜WT对照(2-3个月大)进行深度麻醉,直到对脚趾和尾巴的挤压没有反应。将AAV1-hSyn-eGFP-Cre(Addgene)立体定向注射到双侧海马CA1中(每个位点160 nl)。如上所述,病毒注射后2周,对小鼠室内立体定向注射Aβ低聚物。
海马神经元培养。从E18.5小鼠中解剖海马,并如先前所述进行海马神经元培养(Thakar, S. et al. Evidence for opposing roles of Celsr3 and Vangl2 inglutamatergic synapse formation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 114, E610-E618, doi:10.1073/pnas.1612062114 (2017))。简而言之,将细胞沉淀并重新悬浮在补充有1% B27(Invitrogen)、青霉素/链霉素(CellGro)和Gluta-MAX(Invitrogen)的Neurobasal培养基中并以2 Å~104个细胞/平方厘米的密度接种在24孔板中的聚-D-赖氨酸(Millipore)涂层玻璃盖玻片上用于免疫染色。每4天更换培养基。培养物在37℃和5%二氧化碳下生长14至15DIV。
海马培养物免疫荧光和图像分析。对于培养的海马神经元的突触的点密度分析,在DIV 14神经元在4% PFA中固定20分钟。固定后,细胞在封闭液(含0.1% Triton X-100的1%牛血清白蛋白和5%山羊血清的Tris缓冲盐水溶液(TBS))中孵育1 h,然后在4℃用一抗(鸡抗MAP2(神经元标记物;Abcam)、豚鼠抗Bassoon(突触前标记物;Synaptic Systems)和山羊抗PSD-95(突触后标记物;Millipore))染色过夜。之后,将细胞与荧光染料偶联的二抗(Alexa 488 抗鸡、Alexa 647抗豚鼠和Alexa 568 抗山羊)溶液在室温孵育2小时并封固在封固剂中。Z堆叠图像是用Carl Zeiss显微镜使用63 × 油浸物镜获得的。每个盖玻片选择三个或更多个具有锥体形态且距相邻神经元至少两个直径的距离的神经元。每个实验每组使用三个盖玻片。选择二级枝晶用于点分析。使用ImageJ Synapse Counter插件分析点的数量,并通过ImageJ(NIH)分析树突的长度。
免疫荧光染色。对于在体内突触蛋白免疫染色,通过腹膜内注射氯胺酮/甲苯噻嗪对小鼠进行深度麻醉,直到对脚趾和尾巴挤压没有反应,并且灌注PBS,然后灌注4% PFA。脑被取出并在4℃在4% PFA中固定过夜。之后,将脑在30%蔗糖中冷冻保护2天,并在振动切片机中制备30 μm的冠状自由浮动切片。获得的切片在室温用1% SDS处理5分钟用于抗原修复,在封闭溶液(0.1% Triton X-100的1%牛血清白蛋白和5%山羊血清的Tris缓冲盐水溶液(TBS)中)中孵育1.5小时,然后在4℃用一抗(豚鼠抗Bassoon(突触前标记物;SynapticSystems)和山羊抗PSD-95(突触后标记物;Millipore))染色过夜。之后,将切片与荧光染料偶联的二抗(Alexa 647抗豚鼠和Alexa 568抗山羊)溶液在室温孵育2小时,用DAPI复染并封固在封固剂中。对跨越小鼠辐射层的Schaffer侧支和海马CA1锥体神经元顶端树突之间形成的突触进行成像。用LSM510 Zeiss共聚焦显微镜使用具有2X放大的63×油浸物镜获得荧光z堆叠图像。使用ImageJ Synapse Counter插件分析点的数量。
质粒、抑制剂和抗体。先前描述了Celsr3-Flag、Fzd3-HA、Vangl2-Myc和tdTomato表达构建体(Shafer, B., Onishi, K., Lo, C., Colakoglu, G. & Zou, Y. Vangl2promotes Wnt/planar cell polarity-like signaling by antagonizing Dvl1-mediated feedback inhibition in growth cone guidance. Dev Cell 20, 177-191,doi:S1534-5807(11)00003-7 [pii] 10.1016/j.devcel.2011.01.002 (2011); Onishi,K. et al. Antagonistic Functions of Dishevelleds Regulate Frizzled3Endocytosis via Filopodia Tips in Wnt-Mediated Growth Cone Guidance. J Neurosci 33, 19071-19085, doi:33/49/19071 [pii] 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2800-13.2013 (2013).)。重组Wnt5a购自R&D,Sulfo-NHS-LC-Biotin购自Pierce。本研究中使用的抗体包括α-Vangl2(Santa Cruz)、α-Celsr3(由Zou实验室生成的兔多克隆抗体)、α-Flag(Sigma)、α-GAPDH(Chemicon)、α-Insulin Rβ(Santa Cruz)和α-HA(Covance)。
为了产生截短的Celsr3构建体,通过PCR扩增全长Celsr3细胞外结构域,用EcoRV/NheI消化,并使用如下引物亚克隆到pCAGEN载体中:
ΔEGF/Lam_Celsr3正向引物1:
5’-GATCGATATCTTCTCTGGAGAGCTCACAGC-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 1)。
ΔEGF/Lam_Celsr3反向引物1:
5’-GCAGGCATCGTAAAAGGGCAGCACGTCGAG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 2)。
ΔEGF/Lam_Celsr3正向引物2:
5’-GTGCTGCCCTTTTACGATGCCTGCCCCAAG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 3)。
ΔEGF/Lam_Celsr3正向引物:
5’-GATCGCTAGCAAGTAGGCCAGCAAG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 4)。
ΔEGF1_Celsr3正向引物:
5’-TGCTGCCCTTTACAGAGCTCGACCTCTGTTAC-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 5)。
ΔEGF1_Celsr3反向引物:
5’-CGAGCTCTGTAAAGGGCAGCACGTCGAG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 6)。
ΔEGF2_Celsr3正向引物:
5’-TCTGTGAGACACTGGACACTGAAGCTGGACG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 7)。
ΔEGF2_Celsr3反向引物:
5’-TCAGTGTCCAGTGTCTCACAAGAAGTCTCCCG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 8)。
ΔEGF3_Celsr3正向引物:
5’-GCTGGACACTGTGGCCGCACGCTCCTTTC-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 9)。
ΔEGF3_Celsr3反向引物:
5’-GTGCGGCCACAGTGTCCAGCTCGCAGTC-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 10)。
Δ层粘连蛋白G1_Celsr3正向引物:
5’-ACGCTGTGAGCAGGCCAAGTCACACTTTTGTG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 11)。
Δ层粘连蛋白G1_Celsr3反向引物:
5’-ACTTGGCCTGCTCACAGCGTGGACCATC-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 12)
ΔEGF4_Celsr3正向引物:
5’-AGGCTGCCAGCTCACAATGGCCCATCCCTAC-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 13)。
ΔEGF4_Celsr3反向引物:
5’-CCATTGTGAGCTGGCAGCCTGCCATAGTG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 14)。
Δ层粘连蛋白G2_Celsr3正向引物:
5’-CTGTCGACTCACTGTGACCAACCCCTGTG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 15)。
Δ层粘连蛋白G2_Celsr3反向引物:
5’-TGGTCACAGTGAGTCGACAGTCTTTGCCACC-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 16)。
ΔEGF5_Celsr3正向引物:
5’-TGGCTGTACTGATGCCTGCCTCCTGAACC-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 17)。
ΔEGF5_Celsr3反向引物:
5’-GGCAGGCATCAGTACAGCCAGGCTCCACATTC-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 18)。
ΔEGF6_Celsr3正向引物:
5’-AGGCTGTGTGTATTTTGGTCAGCACTGTGAGCAC-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 19)。
ΔEGF6_Celsr3反向引物:
5’-GCTGACCAAAATACACACAGCCTGGGCCATAG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 20)。
ΔEGF7_Celsr3正向引物:
5’-TGTGAGTGGCAAGACGAATGGCCAGTGCC-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 21)。
ΔEGF7_Celsr3反向引物:
5’-CCATTCGTCTTGCCACTCACAGTCACAAG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 22)。
ΔEGF8_Celsr3正向引物:
5-CAACTGCAACCCCCACAGCGGGCAGTG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 23)。
ΔEGF8_Celsr3反向引物:
5’-CTGTGGGGGTTGCAGTTGGGGTCAAAGC-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 24)。
Δ层粘连蛋白EGF_Celsr3反向引物:
5’-GCATCGTAGAGTGGGAGGCATGAGTCACTG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 25)。
Δ层粘连蛋白EGF_Celsr3正向引物:
5’-ATGCCACCCACTCTACGATGCCTGCCCCAAG-3’ (SEQ ID NO: 26)。
HEK293T细胞转染。HEK293T细胞购自ATCC,并保存在含有10%胎牛血清的Dulbecco改良Eagle培养基(DMEM)中。使用1 mg/ml聚乙烯亚胺MAX(Polyscience)进行HEK293T细胞的转染。通过DAPI染色监控支原体污染。
结合测定。用编码TdTomato、Celsr3-Flag或对照空载体(pCAGEN)的表达载体瞬时转染(聚乙烯亚胺)HEK293细胞。转染后两天,细胞在37℃用生物素化的Aβ低聚物处理2小时、洗涤两次、并且用4% PFA固定20分钟,用0.1% Triton X-100的5%驴血清的PBS封闭。用链霉亲和素-Alexa荧光团偶联物(Alexa 488)观察结合的Aβ肽。DAPI用于复染细胞核;TdTomato用于监控构建体转染。使用抗flag抗体对Celsr3染色。用Zeiss LSM 880 fastairyscan使用63×油浸物镜捕获荧光图像。
表面生物素化测定。先前已经描述了表面生物素化和NeutrAvidin下拉(pulldown)方法(Shafer, B., Onishi, K., Lo, C., Colakoglu, G. & Zou, Y. Vangl2promotes Wnt/planar cell polarity-like signaling by antagonizing Dvl1-mediated feedback inhibition in growth cone guidance. Dev Cell 20, 177-191,doi:S1534-5807(11)00003-7 [pii] 10.1016/j.devcel.2011.01.002 (2011); Onishi,K. et al. Antagonistic Functions of Dishevelleds Regulate Frizzled3Endocytosis via Filopodia Tips in Wnt-Mediated Growth Cone Guidance. J Neurosci 33, 19071-19085, doi:33/49/19071 [pii] 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2800-13.2013 (2013))。简而言之,用指定质粒转染48小时后,用冰冷的PBS(pH 8.0)洗涤HEK293T细胞(接种在20 μg/ml PDL涂覆的六孔板上)3次,并在室温与1 mg/ml Sulfo-NHS-LC-Biotin(ThermoFisher Scientific)/PBS孵育2分钟以开始反应,然后在冰上孵育1小时。通过用冰冷的100 mM甘氨酸/PBS洗涤两次然后用正常的冰冷PBS洗涤淬灭活性生物素后,细胞裂解物与NeutrAvidin琼脂糖孵育2小时,然后沉淀。对于量化,进行了三个独立的实验,并用ImageJ(NIH)量化条带强度。
免疫共沉淀。用指定质粒转染48小时后,用IP缓冲液(20 mM Tris HCl (pH 7.5)、150 mM NaCl、1 mM EGTA、5 mM NaF、10 mM β-甘油磷酸盐、1 mM Na3VO4、1 mM DTT和蛋白酶抑制剂混合物(SIGMA)、0.1% TX-100)裂解HEK293T细胞。裂解物用抗HA、抗Myc或抗Flag抗体和蛋白质A/G琼脂糖(Santa Cruz)进行免疫沉淀。实验重复了3次,并显示出相似的结果。
统计分析。在适当的时候,多个实验组之间的比较通过单因素方差分析进行,然后进行Tukey-Kramer事后检验。两个实验组之间的比较通过学生t检验进行。所有统计分析使用GraphPad Prism软件(La Jolla, California, USA)进行。P < 0.05的值被认为是显著的。
实施例1
Vangl参与Aβ低聚物诱导的突触损失。
为了测试PCP通路对Aβ低聚物诱导的突触毒性的作用,首先测试的是从胚胎日(E)18.5 Vangl2 cKO小鼠制备的14-DIV培养物中的海马神经元。在DIV-7将含有具有CMV增强子的人突触蛋白(hSyn)启动子的腺相关病毒(AAV)添加到培养基中,并在DIV-14添加常用的(Lacor, P. N. et al. Abeta oligomer-induced aberrations in synapsecomposition, shape, and density provide a molecular basis for loss ofconnectivity in Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurosci27, 796-807, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3501-06.2007 (2007); Lauren, J., Gimbel, D. A., Nygaard, H. B.,Gilbert, J. W. & Strittmatter, S. M. Cellular prion protein mediatesimpairment of synaptic plasticity by amyloid-beta oligomers. Nature 457,1128-1132, doi:10.1038/nature07761 (2009))400 nM Aβ低聚物的单体等效物(图1,如方法中计算的,二聚体的有效浓度为80 nM,四聚体为~152 nM)12小时(图2A和2B)。同窝仔畜野生型神经元(Vangl2 +/+ ,WT)也用AAV-Cre处理作为对照。发现在WT小鼠中Aβ低聚物诱导谷氨酸能突触的特征的突触前的点减少30%(如bassoon染色所示)、突触后的点减少20%(如PSD-95染色所示)、以及共定位的点减少30%。然而,在Vangl2 cKO小鼠中用Aβ低聚物的相同处理,谷氨酸能突触的数量没有变化(图2C和2D)。在没有Aβ低聚物的情况下,与WT相比,Vangl2 cKO培养物含有谷氨酸能突触的特征的突触前的点多20%、突触后的点多22%和共定位的点多40%,这与Vangl2抑制突触形成的发现一致(图2C和2D)。Vangl2和Celsr3的蛋白质在Aβ低聚物攻击后没有变化(图3),表明Aβ低聚物不会通过调节这些蛋白质的水平来发挥作用。
为了测试在体内Vangl2对Aβ低聚物诱导的突触毒性的作用,将相同的AAV-Cre注射到WT和Vangl2 floxed等位基因的海马CA1区2周,然后将5 ng Aβ低聚物注射到双侧室区(Hong, S. et al. Complement and microglia mediate early synapse loss inAlzheimer mouse models. Science 352, 712-716, doi:10.1126/science.aad8373(2016))(图2E)。该研究集中于跨越小鼠辐射层的Schaffer侧支和海马CA1锥体神经元顶端树突之间形成的谷氨酸能突触,其是研究突触形成的常用模型,并显示AD患者中区域特异性突触损失。注射Aβ低聚物5天后,显著的突触损失在注射Aβ低聚物的WT中观察到,但在注射Aβ低聚物的Vangl2 cKO小鼠中没有观察到。与WT相比,与使用胚胎神经元的培养物(图2C和2D)相比,Vangl2 cKO的突触数量在没有Aβ低聚物下没有显著变化(图2F和2G)。可能是成年期中突触更新不那么快,使得突触数量在Vangl2 cKO的2-3周内没有显示出明显的变化。
实施例2-1
Vangl破坏平面细胞极性(PCP)信号传导的细胞间复合物
据发现Vangl2促进Frizzled3内吞作用,其在PCP信号传导中与质膜上的Celsr3形成复合物。为了测试Vangl2如何负调节突触数量,建立了一种检测已知参与PCP信号传导的细胞间PCP复合物的方法。Frizzled3(HA标记)和Celsr3(Flag标记)在一个培养皿HEK293T细胞中,并在另一个中转染Vangl2。分别培养一天后,将它们混合在一起再培养一天,然后进行免疫共沉淀以检测蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(图4A)。发现来自相邻细胞的Vangl2的存在导致Frizzled3和Celsr3之间的相互作用减少了30-40%(图4B和4C)。Celsr3形成在PCP信号传导和突触形成中必需的细胞间的桥。发现来自相邻细胞的Celsr3不影响Frizzled3和Celsr3之间的复合物(图4D和4E)。
最后,为了测试Vangl2是否破坏了细胞间的桥,将Frizzled3下拉并检测有多少来自相邻细胞的Celsr3被免疫共沉淀。Vangl2和Celsr3(Flag标记)在一个培养皿中被转染,一天后与用Frizzled3(HA标记)和Celsr3(未标记)转染的细胞混合(图4F)。发现Vangl2破坏这种细胞间复合物,因为Flag标记的Celsr3被HA标记的Frizzled3下拉的更少(图4G和4H)。Vangl2的这种生化功能可以是PCP信号传导中针对Frizzled3的拮抗相互作用的一部分(图4G)。因为在相邻细胞中有Celsr3不会影响Frizzled3和Celsr3之间的复合物(图4D和4E),我们认为Vangl2是整个细胞间复合物的负调节剂(图4G)
实施例2-2
Aβ低聚物增强Vangl2破坏细胞间复合物的功能
为了确定Aβ低聚物如何导致突触损失,进行了另一系列生化研究以检测Aβ低聚物是否以及如何促进Vangl2的功能。首先,发现Aβ低聚物不会破坏在同一细胞中转染和表达的Celsr3和Frizzled3之间的相互作用,表明Aβ低聚物不足以破坏Ceslr3-Frizzled3复合物(图4J)。如图所示,相邻细胞中表达的Vangl2可以略微降低Celsr3和Frizzled3之间的相互作用(图9A)。但是,当将Aβ低聚物被添加到这种培养物中时,Frizzled3和Celsr3之间的相互作用被降低至更大程度(图4M至图4O),表明Aβ低聚物可以增强Vangl2在破坏细胞-细胞连接处的Celsr3-Frizzled3复合物中的功能。
虽然Aβ低聚物不足以破坏Celsr3和Frizzled3之间的复合物(图4J),但发现Aβ低聚物可以破坏细胞间复合物,因为当将Aβ低聚物添加到混合培养物中时,一个细胞中HA标记的Frizzled3从相邻细胞中下拉较少的Flag标记的Celsr3(图4P-4R)。这可以是因为Celsr3的细胞间相互作用会削弱Celsr3和Frizzled3之间的细胞内相互作用,因此Aβ低聚物现在可以影响。在谷氨酸能突触中,Celsr3存在于突触前部位和突触后部位两者。因此,Aβ低聚物将能够通过破坏细胞间Frizzled3-Celsr3复合物来破坏细胞间复合物。这将与Vangl2的方向相同。
最后,发现将Aβ低聚物添加到表达Celsr3的Vangl2的混合培养物中会导致这种细胞间复合物的最大破坏(图4S至图4U)。因此,据建议,Aβ低聚物通过破坏对PCP信号传导必需的Celsr3/Frizzled3细胞内复合物以及因此不对称Celsr3/Frizzled3-Celsr3细胞间复合物来增强Vangl2的功能。这可能是因为Aβ低聚物与Celsr3的层粘连蛋白G1结构域结合,介导Celsr3/Frizzled3复合物形成,以及削弱Celsr3和Frizzled3之间的相互作用,使Vangl2更有效地破坏Celsr3/Frizzled3-Celsr3的不对称细胞间复合物,从而解离更多的突触(图4V)。
实施例3
Aβ低聚物结合Celsr3并破坏相同的细胞间复合物
PCP组分分布在与具有Frizzled3、Celsr3和Vangl2的膜位置的不对称上皮细胞连接处中的它们组织类似的谷氨酸能突触中。进行以下研究测试和证明Aβ低聚物是否靶向这三种蛋白质中的任何一种(或多种)。具体地,测量生物素-Aβ42低聚物与表达Vangl2(Vangl2-Flag)、Frizzled3(Frizzled3-HA)、小鼠Celsr3(Celsr3-Flag)或对照载体(pCAGEN)的HEK293T细胞的结合。发现Aβ低聚物结合Celsr3,而不是Vangl2或Frizzled3(图5A),其表观解离常数(Kd)~40 nM相当于总Aβ肽(图5B)。Aβ单体不结合Celsr3(图6)。
Celsr3属于有大细胞外区域的粘附G蛋白偶联受体家族,其含有9个钙粘蛋白结构域、8个EGF重复序列和3个层粘连蛋白结构域(图7A)。钙粘蛋白结构域被认为是同源结合区。为了确定负责结合Aβ低聚物的Celsr3的结构域,制备了缺失构建体。发现Aβ低聚物不结合钙粘蛋白结构域(图8A和图7B)。制备了另一系列缺乏这些单独的EGF和层粘连蛋白结构域的Celsr3构建体(图8B),发现两个EGF结构域(EGF7和EGF8)和一个层粘连蛋白结构域(层粘连蛋白G1)是结合Aβ所必需的(图8C和图7B)。
鼠Celsr3的人类同源物也含有9个钙粘蛋白结构域、8个EGF重复序列和3个层粘连蛋白结构域。hCelsr3的层粘连蛋白G1和EGF7结构域与mCelsr3的层粘连蛋白G1和EGF7结构域仔细比对,同源性分别为98.537%和80%。hCelsr3的EGF8结构域的氨基酸序列与mCelsr3的EGF8结构域的氨基酸序列100%同源(图15A)。发现Aβ低聚物也结合hCelsr3。与mCelsr3一样,hCelsr3的EGF7和EGF8以及一个层粘连蛋白结构域(层粘连蛋白G1)是结合Aβ低聚物所必需的(图15B)。
Aβ低聚物仅与Celsr3结合而不与Vangl2结合的事实表明,Aβ低聚物可以通过影响PCP组分之间的相互作用来增强Vangl2的功能。在HEK293T细胞中Frizzled3或Vangl2与野生型Celsr3或截短的Celsr3一起表达。发现所有8个EGF重复序列和3个层粘连蛋白结构域的缺失导致Frizzled3和Celsr3之间的相互作用减少68%。层粘连蛋白G1的缺失导致Frizzled3和Celsr3之间的相互作用减少66%(图9A)。Vangl2和Ceslr3之间的相互作用不需要EGF重复序列和层粘连蛋白结构域(图9B)。因此,这些数据表明Aβ低聚物能够通过与介导Celsr3/Frizzled3复合物形成的Celsr3的层粘连蛋白G1结构域结合增强Vangl2破坏Celsr3-Frizzled3细胞内复合物和/或Ceslr3/Frizzled3-Celsr3细胞间复合物的功能。
实施例4
阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型中Vangl2条件性敲除(cKO)减少谷氨酸能突触损失
为了表征AD转基因小鼠模型中Vangl2对突触损失的总体影响,将Vangl2 cKO小鼠与5XFAD转基因小鼠杂交。将AAV-Cre注射到8周龄小鼠的海马CA1区2个月。5XFAD转基因小鼠的突触数量显著减少。5XFAD;Vangl2 cKO转基因小鼠显示出突触数量增加(图10A)。
上述实施例1至4中描述的研究将Celsr3鉴定为Aβ低聚物的受体并且将PCP信号转导鉴定为Aβ低聚物对突触毒性的直接靶标。细胞-细胞相互作用对于沿组织计划建立和维持细胞和组织极性很重要。Celsr3与一个细胞的质膜上的Frizzled3形成复合物,并与相邻细胞的质膜上的Celsr3/Vangl2复合物相互作用。然后这些组分形成细胞间复合物,使用Celsr3作为桥。在谷氨酸能突触中PCP组分的定位相似且调节突触形成。Frizzled3在突触前膜上富集,并且Vangl2仅位于突触后致密区(图10B),而Celsr3在两个膜上。这些研究表明,Vangl2破坏相邻细胞中Frizzled3和Celsr3之间的复合物以及细胞间复合物。Aβ低聚物与三个Celsr3结构域结合,其中一个介导Frizzled3/Celsr3复合物的形成。Aβ低聚物破坏这种细胞间复合物。这些数据表明在突触中Aβ低聚物与Celsr3结合并削弱PCP复合物,允许Vangl2破坏PCP复合物,导致谷氨酸能突触的解离。已发现几种受体(例如细胞朊病毒蛋白(PrPC)、EphB2和配对免疫球蛋白样受体B(PirB)或其人直系同源白细胞免疫球蛋白样受体B2(LilrB2))与调节突触可塑性的Aβ低聚物结合,并改变突触功能和可塑性,但不改变突触损失。上述研究首次鉴定了直接介导突触损失的受体和信号传导通路。
预防Aβ低聚物诱导的突触损失能够至少减缓产生过度生产的酶突变或细胞过程引起过度生产的阿尔茨海默病患者的疾病进展。即使在载脂蛋白E4(主要风险因子)的突变中,Aβ肽过度产生,以及阻止Aβ低聚物靶向PCP途径可以使这些患者受益。上述研究和数据表明,通过阻止Aβ低聚物与Celsr3结合或抑制Vangl2的功能阻断突触丢失能够阻止神经元凋亡,或者甚至恢复断开的神经回路和记忆。这些发现为治疗阿尔茨海默病提供新的治疗靶标。
实施例5
Wnt/Vangl2/Ryk信号传导轴介导由低聚Aβ诱导的突触损失
非经典Wnt信号传导通过PCP组分Celsr3抑制谷氨酸能突触形成。Ryk是通过与Vangl2相互作用的PCP信号传导中Wnt的共同受体。进行以下研究来测试和证明在突触数量调节中Ryk是否介导Wnt5a信号传导,并以Vangl2依赖性方式进行。
从E18.5 WT小鼠分离的海马神经元在DIV14用Wnt5a处理12小时或用功能阻断单克隆Ryk抗体(阻断Wnts和Ryk之间的结合)预处理2小时(图11A)。小鼠IgG用作对照。Wnt5a导致共定位的点的数量减少了30%。相反,当用Ryk抗体预处理2小时时Wnt5a在突触数量上没有产生显著差异(图11A),表明Wnt5a通过结合作为受体的Ryk来抑制突触形成。与IgG处理的WT神经元相比,Ryk抗体处理的WT神经元中突触数量没有显著差异。
为了测试Vangl2是否介导Wnts在Ryk下游突触形成中的抑制功能,培养Vangl2+/+和Vangl2 cKO胚胎海马神经元(感染AAV-Cre)并在DIV 14用Wnt5a处理12小时。发现添加Wnt5a的Vangl2+/+显示出共定位的点的数量减少30%。与未经处理的Vangl2 cKO神经元相比,添加Wnt5a的Vangl2 cKO神经元没有产生显著差异(图11B),表明在突触形成中Vangl2是Wnt5a的抑制功能所必需的。
然后在Aβ低聚物攻击前用Ryk抗体预处理培养的海马神经元2小时,发现在Ryk抗体存在下Aβ低聚物不会诱导突触数量显著减少(图11C)。结合测定显示,Aβ低聚物不结合表达小鼠Ryk(小鼠Ryk-HA)或人Ryk(人Ryk-Flag)的HEK 293T细胞(图11D)。
实施例6
在体内Ryk是低聚β淀粉样蛋白介导的突触毒性所需的
进行以下研究以测试和证明Wnt/Ryk信号传导模块是否是Aβ低聚物介导的突触损失所需的。将Aβ低聚物注射到Ryk cKO小鼠中。在Ryk+/+中,Aβ低聚物诱导突触减少60%,但在注射了Aβ低聚物的Ryk cKO小鼠中没有(图12A)。
实施例7
阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型中Ryk cKO增加突触数量并改善认知功能
进行以下研究以表征AD转基因小鼠模型中Ryk对突触损失的总体影响。Ryk cKO小鼠与5XFAD转基因小鼠杂交。将AAV-Cre注射到8周龄小鼠的海马CA1区域2个月(图13A)。
对小鼠进行如图13B所示的程序以测试目标识别。然后将小鼠划伤,从小鼠采集组织并通过显微镜进行分析。结果表明,阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型中Ryk cKO增加突触数量并改善认知功能。
实施例8
Ryk是阿尔茨海默病的新型治疗靶标
进行以下研究以测试和证明转基因小鼠中Wnt-Ryk信号传导轴的抑制是否足以使AD相关的病理恢复。为了检测在阿尔茨海默病中Ryk单克隆抗体是否可以被用作治疗剂来阻断β淀粉样蛋白诱导的突触损失,将单克隆Ryk抗体脑内输注到转基因AD小鼠中2周(图14A和图14B)。结果表明,通过输注单克隆Ryk抗体挽救了突触数量。
上述实施例5至8中描述的研究表明,Ryk和Vangl2两者是Wnt5a介导的突触形成抑制所需的。阻断Wnt-Ryk结合的抗Ryk抗体可以阻断Aβ低聚物介导的突触损失。这些结果表明,Vangl2需要由Wnt5a激活的Ryk的积极参与,来去除突触。最后,这些研究提供了遗传证据,表明在体外和在体内Vangl2和Ryk都是Aβ低聚物介导的突触损失所需的。
序列表
<110> 加利福尼亚大学董事会
<120> 用于治疗阿尔茨海默病的方法和组合物
<130> 192740-21F-CNP
<150> 62/868,407
<151> 2019-06-28
<150> 63/019,970
<151> 2020-05-04
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Pro Arg Val Pro Gly Gly Thr Arg Ala Phe Ala Leu Arg Pro Gly Cys
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Thr Tyr Ala Val Gly Ala Ala Cys Thr Pro Arg Ala Pro Arg Glu Leu
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Leu Asp Val Gly Arg Asp Gly Arg Leu Ala Gly Arg Arg Arg Val Ser
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Gly Ala Gly Arg Pro Leu Pro Leu Gln Val Arg Leu Val Ala Arg Ser
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Arg Pro Arg Pro Arg Cys Pro Gly Arg Pro Ile Cys Leu Pro Pro Gly
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Gly Ser Leu Lys Phe Pro Met Pro Asn Tyr Gln Val Ala Leu Phe Glu
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Asn Glu Pro Ala Gly Thr Leu Ile Leu Gln Leu His Ala His Tyr Thr
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Asp Glu Arg Ser Arg Gly Tyr Phe Arg Ile Asp Ser Ala Thr Gly Ala
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Val Ser Thr Asp Ser Val Leu Asp Arg Glu Thr Lys Glu Thr His Val
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Asp Ser Gly Glu Asn Ala Arg Leu His Tyr Arg Leu Val Asp Thr Ala
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Ser Thr Phe Leu Gly Gly Gly Ser Ala Gly Pro Lys Asn Pro Ala Pro
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Thr Pro Asp Phe Pro Phe Gln Ile His Asn Ser Ser Gly Trp Ile Thr
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Ser Gln Arg Gly Gly Gly Leu Ile Thr Leu Ala Leu Pro Leu Asp Tyr
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Lys Gln Glu Gln Gln Tyr Val Leu Ala Val Thr Ala Ser Asp Gly Thr
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Arg Ser His Thr Ala His Val Leu Ile Asn Val Thr Asp Ala Asn Thr
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His Arg Pro Val Phe Gln Ser Ser His Tyr Thr Val Ser Val Ser Glu
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Asp Arg Pro Val Gly Thr Ser Ile Ala Thr Leu Ser Ala Asn Asp Glu
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Asp Thr Gly Glu Asn Ala Arg Ile Thr Tyr Val Ile Gln Asp Pro Val
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Pro Gln Phe Arg Ile Asp Pro Asp Ser Gly Thr Met Tyr Thr Met Met
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Gln Asp Asn Gly Ile Pro Gln Lys Ser Asp Thr Thr Thr Leu Glu Ile
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Leu Ile Leu Asp Ala Asn Asp Asn Ala Pro Gln Phe Leu Trp Asp Phe
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Tyr Thr Phe Gln Gly Gly Asp Asp Gly Asp Gly Asp Phe Tyr Ile Glu
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Pro Thr Ser Gly Val Ile Arg Thr Gln Arg Arg Leu Asp Arg Glu Asn
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Val Ala Val Tyr Asn Leu Trp Ala Leu Ala Val Asp Arg Gly Ser Pro
965 970 975
Thr Pro Leu Ser Ala Ser Val Glu Ile Gln Val Thr Ile Leu Asp Ile
980 985 990
Asn Asp Asn Ala Pro Met Phe Glu Lys Asp Glu Leu Glu Leu Phe Val
995 1000 1005
Glu Glu Asn Asn Pro Val Gly Ser Val Val Ala Lys Ile Arg Ala
1010 1015 1020
Asn Asp Pro Asp Glu Gly Pro Asn Ala Gln Ile Met Tyr Gln Ile
1025 1030 1035
Val Glu Gly Asp Met Arg His Phe Phe Gln Leu Asp Leu Leu Asn
1040 1045 1050
Gly Asp Leu Arg Ala Met Val Glu Leu Asp Phe Glu Val Arg Arg
1055 1060 1065
Glu Tyr Val Leu Val Val Gln Ala Thr Ser Ala Pro Leu Val Ser
1070 1075 1080
Arg Ala Thr Val His Ile Leu Leu Val Asp Gln Asn Asp Asn Pro
1085 1090 1095
Pro Val Leu Pro Asp Phe Gln Ile Leu Phe Asn Asn Tyr Val Thr
1100 1105 1110
Asn Lys Ser Asn Ser Phe Pro Thr Gly Val Ile Gly Cys Ile Pro
1115 1120 1125
Ala His Asp Pro Asp Val Ser Asp Ser Leu Asn Tyr Thr Phe Val
1130 1135 1140
Gln Gly Asn Glu Leu Arg Leu Leu Leu Leu Asp Pro Ala Thr Gly
1145 1150 1155
Glu Leu Gln Leu Ser Arg Asp Leu Asp Asn Asn Arg Pro Leu Glu
1160 1165 1170
Ala Leu Met Glu Val Ser Val Ser Asp Gly Ile His Ser Val Thr
1175 1180 1185
Ala Phe Cys Thr Leu Arg Val Thr Ile Ile Thr Asp Asp Met Leu
1190 1195 1200
Thr Asn Ser Ile Thr Val Arg Leu Glu Asn Met Ser Gln Glu Lys
1205 1210 1215
Phe Leu Ser Pro Leu Leu Ala Leu Phe Val Glu Gly Val Ala Ala
1220 1225 1230
Val Leu Ser Thr Thr Lys Asp Asp Val Phe Val Phe Asn Val Gln
1235 1240 1245
Asn Asp Thr Asp Val Ser Ser Asn Ile Leu Asn Val Thr Phe Ser
1250 1255 1260
Ala Leu Leu Pro Gly Gly Val Arg Gly Gln Phe Phe Pro Ser Glu
1265 1270 1275
Asp Leu Gln Glu Gln Ile Tyr Leu Asn Arg Thr Leu Leu Thr Thr
1280 1285 1290
Ile Ser Thr Gln Arg Val Leu Pro Phe Asp Asp Asn Ile Cys Leu
1295 1300 1305
Arg Glu Pro Cys Glu Asn Tyr Met Lys Cys Val Ser Val Leu Arg
1310 1315 1320
Phe Asp Ser Ser Ala Pro Phe Leu Ser Ser Thr Thr Val Leu Phe
1325 1330 1335
Arg Pro Ile His Pro Ile Asn Gly Leu Arg Cys Arg Cys Pro Pro
1340 1345 1350
Gly Phe Thr Gly Asp Tyr Cys Glu Thr Glu Ile Asp Leu Cys Tyr
1355 1360 1365
Ser Asp Pro Cys Gly Ala Asn Gly Arg Cys Arg Ser Arg Glu Gly
1370 1375 1380
Gly Tyr Thr Cys Glu Cys Phe Glu Asp Phe Thr Gly Glu His Cys
1385 1390 1395
Glu Val Asp Ala Arg Ser Gly Arg Cys Ala Asn Gly Val Cys Lys
1400 1405 1410
Asn Gly Gly Thr Cys Val Asn Leu Leu Ile Gly Gly Phe His Cys
1415 1420 1425
Val Cys Pro Pro Gly Glu Tyr Glu Arg Pro Tyr Cys Glu Val Thr
1430 1435 1440
Thr Arg Ser Phe Pro Pro Gln Ser Phe Val Thr Phe Arg Gly Leu
1445 1450 1455
Arg Gln Arg Phe His Phe Thr Ile Ser Leu Thr Phe Ala Thr Gln
1460 1465 1470
Glu Arg Asn Gly Leu Leu Leu Tyr Asn Gly Arg Phe Asn Glu Lys
1475 1480 1485
His Asp Phe Ile Ala Leu Glu Ile Val Asp Glu Gln Val Gln Leu
1490 1495 1500
Thr Phe Ser Ala Gly Glu Thr Thr Thr Thr Val Ala Pro Lys Val
1505 1510 1515
Pro Ser Gly Val Ser Asp Gly Arg Trp His Ser Val Gln Val Gln
1520 1525 1530
Tyr Tyr Asn Lys Pro Asn Ile Gly His Leu Gly Leu Pro His Gly
1535 1540 1545
Pro Ser Gly Glu Lys Met Ala Val Val Thr Val Asp Asp Cys Asp
1550 1555 1560
Thr Thr Met Ala Val Arg Phe Gly Lys Asp Ile Gly Asn Tyr Ser
1565 1570 1575
Cys Ala Ala Gln Gly Thr Gln Thr Gly Ser Lys Lys Ser Leu Asp
1580 1585 1590
Leu Thr Gly Pro Leu Leu Leu Gly Gly Val Pro Asn Leu Pro Glu
1595 1600 1605
Asp Phe Pro Val His Asn Arg Gln Phe Val Gly Cys Met Arg Asn
1610 1615 1620
Leu Ser Val Asp Gly Lys Asn Val Asp Met Ala Gly Phe Ile Ala
1625 1630 1635
Asn Asn Gly Thr Arg Glu Gly Cys Ala Ala Arg Arg Asn Phe Cys
1640 1645 1650
Asp Gly Arg Arg Cys Gln Asn Gly Gly Thr Cys Val Asn Arg Trp
1655 1660 1665
Asn Met Tyr Leu Cys Glu Cys Pro Leu Arg Phe Gly Gly Lys Asn
1670 1675 1680
Cys Glu Gln Ala Met Pro His Pro Gln Leu Phe Ser Gly Glu Ser
1685 1690 1695
Val Val Ser Trp Ser Asp Leu Asn Ile Ile Ile Ser Val Pro Trp
1700 1705 1710
Tyr Leu Gly Leu Met Phe Arg Thr Arg Lys Glu Asp Ser Val Leu
1715 1720 1725
Met Glu Ala Thr Ser Gly Gly Pro Thr Ser Phe Arg Leu Gln Ile
1730 1735 1740
Leu Asn Asn Tyr Leu Gln Phe Glu Val Ser His Gly Pro Ser Asp
1745 1750 1755
Val Glu Ser Val Met Leu Ser Gly Leu Arg Val Thr Asp Gly Glu
1760 1765 1770
Trp His His Leu Leu Ile Glu Leu Lys Asn Val Lys Glu Asp Ser
1775 1780 1785
Glu Met Lys His Leu Val Thr Met Thr Leu Asp Tyr Gly Met Asp
1790 1795 1800
Gln Asn Lys Ala Asp Ile Gly Gly Met Leu Pro Gly Leu Thr Val
1805 1810 1815
Arg Ser Val Val Val Gly Gly Ala Ser Glu Asp Lys Val Ser Val
1820 1825 1830
Arg Arg Gly Phe Arg Gly Cys Met Gln Gly Val Arg Met Gly Gly
1835 1840 1845
Thr Pro Thr Asn Val Ala Thr Leu Asn Met Asn Asn Ala Leu Lys
1850 1855 1860
Val Arg Val Lys Asp Gly Cys Asp Val Asp Asp Pro Cys Thr Ser
1865 1870 1875
Ser Pro Cys Pro Pro Asn Ser Arg Cys His Asp Ala Trp Glu Asp
1880 1885 1890
Tyr Ser Cys Val Cys Asp Lys Gly Tyr Leu Gly Ile Asn Cys Val
1895 1900 1905
Asp Ala Cys His Leu Asn Pro Cys Glu Asn Met Gly Ala Cys Val
1910 1915 1920
Arg Ser Pro Gly Ser Pro Gln Gly Tyr Val Cys Glu Cys Gly Pro
1925 1930 1935
Ser His Tyr Gly Pro Tyr Cys Glu Asn Lys Leu Asp Leu Pro Cys
1940 1945 1950
Pro Arg Gly Trp Trp Gly Asn Pro Val Cys Gly Pro Cys His Cys
1955 1960 1965
Ala Val Ser Lys Gly Phe Asp Pro Asp Cys Asn Lys Thr Asn Gly
1970 1975 1980
Gln Cys Gln Cys Lys Glu Asn Tyr Tyr Lys Leu Leu Ala Gln Asp
1985 1990 1995
Thr Cys Leu Pro Cys Asp Cys Phe Pro His Gly Ser His Ser Arg
2000 2005 2010
Thr Cys Asp Met Ala Thr Gly Gln Cys Ala Cys Lys Pro Gly Val
2015 2020 2025
Ile Gly Arg Gln Cys Asn Arg Cys Asp Asn Pro Phe Ala Glu Val
2030 2035 2040
Thr Thr Leu Gly Cys Glu Val Ile Tyr Asn Gly Cys Pro Lys Ala
2045 2050 2055
Phe Glu Ala Gly Ile Trp Trp Pro Gln Thr Lys Phe Gly Gln Pro
2060 2065 2070
Ala Ala Val Pro Cys Pro Lys Gly Ser Val Gly Asn Ala Val Arg
2075 2080 2085
His Cys Ser Gly Glu Lys Gly Trp Leu Pro Pro Glu Leu Phe Asn
2090 2095 2100
Cys Thr Thr Ile Ser Phe Val Asp Leu Arg Ala Met Asn Glu Lys
2105 2110 2115
Leu Ser Arg Asn Glu Thr Gln Val Asp Gly Ala Arg Ala Leu Gln
2120 2125 2130
Leu Val Arg Ala Leu Arg Ser Ala Thr Gln His Thr Gly Thr Leu
2135 2140 2145
Phe Gly Asn Asp Val Arg Thr Ala Tyr Gln Leu Leu Gly His Val
2150 2155 2160
Leu Gln His Glu Ser Trp Gln Gln Gly Phe Asp Leu Ala Ala Thr
2165 2170 2175
Gln Asp Ala Asp Phe His Glu Asp Val Ile His Ser Gly Ser Ala
2180 2185 2190
Leu Leu Ala Pro Ala Thr Arg Ala Ala Trp Glu Gln Ile Gln Arg
2195 2200 2205
Ser Glu Gly Gly Thr Ala Gln Leu Leu Arg Arg Leu Glu Gly Tyr
2210 2215 2220
Phe Ser Asn Val Ala Arg Asn Val Arg Arg Thr Tyr Leu Arg Pro
2225 2230 2235
Phe Val Ile Val Thr Ala Asn Met Ile Leu Ala Val Asp Ile Phe
2240 2245 2250
Asp Lys Phe Asn Phe Thr Gly Ala Arg Val Pro Arg Phe Asp Thr
2255 2260 2265
Ile His Glu Glu Phe Pro Arg Glu Leu Glu Ser Ser Val Ser Phe
2270 2275 2280
Pro Ala Asp Phe Phe Arg Pro Pro Glu Glu Lys Glu Gly Pro Leu
2285 2290 2295
Leu Arg Pro Ala Gly Arg Arg Thr Thr Pro Gln Thr Thr Arg Pro
2300 2305 2310
Gly Pro Gly Thr Glu Arg Glu Ala Pro Ile Ser Arg Arg Arg Arg
2315 2320 2325
His Pro Asp Asp Ala Gly Gln Phe Ala Val Ala Leu Val Ile Ile
2330 2335 2340
Tyr Arg Thr Leu Gly Gln Leu Leu Pro Glu Arg Tyr Asp Pro Asp
2345 2350 2355
Arg Arg Ser Leu Arg Leu Pro His Arg Pro Ile Ile Asn Thr Pro
2360 2365 2370
Met Val Ser Thr Leu Val Tyr Ser Glu Gly Ala Pro Leu Pro Arg
2375 2380 2385
Pro Leu Glu Arg Pro Val Leu Val Glu Phe Ala Leu Leu Glu Val
2390 2395 2400
Glu Glu Arg Thr Lys Pro Val Cys Val Phe Trp Asn His Ser Leu
2405 2410 2415
Ala Val Gly Gly Thr Gly Gly Trp Ser Ala Arg Gly Cys Glu Leu
2420 2425 2430
Leu Ser Arg Asn Arg Thr His Val Ala Cys Gln Cys Ser His Thr
2435 2440 2445
Ala Ser Phe Ala Val Leu Met Asp Ile Ser Arg Arg Glu Asn Gly
2450 2455 2460
Glu Val Leu Pro Leu Lys Ile Val Thr Tyr Ala Ala Val Ser Leu
2465 2470 2475
Ser Leu Ala Ala Leu Leu Val Ala Phe Val Leu Leu Ser Leu Val
2480 2485 2490
Arg Met Leu Arg Ser Asn Leu His Ser Ile His Lys His Leu Ala
2495 2500 2505
Val Ala Leu Phe Leu Ser Gln Leu Val Phe Val Ile Gly Ile Asn
2510 2515 2520
Gln Thr Glu Asn Pro Phe Leu Cys Thr Val Val Ala Ile Leu Leu
2525 2530 2535
His Tyr Ile Tyr Met Ser Thr Phe Ala Trp Thr Leu Val Glu Ser
2540 2545 2550
Leu His Val Tyr Arg Met Leu Thr Glu Val Arg Asn Ile Asp Thr
2555 2560 2565
Gly Pro Met Arg Phe Tyr Tyr Val Val Gly Trp Gly Ile Pro Ala
2570 2575 2580
Ile Val Thr Gly Leu Ala Val Gly Leu Asp Pro Gln Gly Tyr Gly
2585 2590 2595
Asn Pro Asp Phe Cys Trp Leu Ser Leu Gln Asp Thr Leu Ile Trp
2600 2605 2610
Ser Phe Ala Gly Pro Ile Gly Ala Val Ile Ile Ile Asn Thr Val
2615 2620 2625
Thr Ser Val Leu Ser Ala Lys Val Ser Cys Gln Arg Lys His His
2630 2635 2640
Tyr Tyr Gly Lys Lys Gly Ile Val Ser Leu Leu Arg Thr Ala Phe
2645 2650 2655
Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Ile Ser Ala Thr Trp Leu Leu Gly Leu Leu
2660 2665 2670
Ala Val Asn Arg Asp Ala Leu Ser Phe His Tyr Leu Phe Ala Ile
2675 2680 2685
Phe Ser Gly Leu Gln Gly Pro Phe Val Leu Leu Phe His Cys Val
2690 2695 2700
Leu Asn Gln Glu Val Arg Lys His Leu Lys Gly Val Leu Gly Gly
2705 2710 2715
Arg Lys Leu His Leu Glu Asp Ser Ala Thr Thr Arg Ala Thr Leu
2720 2725 2730
Leu Thr Arg Ser Leu Asn Cys Asn Thr Thr Phe Gly Asp Gly Pro
2735 2740 2745
Asp Met Leu Arg Thr Asp Leu Gly Glu Ser Thr Ala Ser Leu Asp
2750 2755 2760
Ser Ile Val Arg Asp Glu Gly Ile Gln Lys Leu Gly Val Ser Ser
2765 2770 2775
Gly Leu Val Arg Gly Ser His Gly Glu Pro Asp Ala Ser Leu Met
2780 2785 2790
Pro Arg Ser Cys Lys Asp Pro Pro Gly His Asp Ser Asp Ser Asp
2795 2800 2805
Ser Glu Leu Ser Leu Asp Glu Gln Ser Ser Ser Tyr Ala Ser Ser
2810 2815 2820
His Ser Ser Asp Ser Glu Asp Asp Gly Val Gly Ala Glu Glu Lys
2825 2830 2835
Trp Asp Pro Ala Arg Gly Ala Val His Ser Thr Pro Lys Gly Asp
2840 2845 2850
Ala Val Ala Asn His Val Pro Ala Gly Trp Pro Asp Gln Ser Leu
2855 2860 2865
Ala Glu Ser Asp Ser Glu Asp Pro Ser Gly Lys Pro Arg Leu Lys
2870 2875 2880
Val Glu Thr Lys Val Ser Val Glu Leu His Arg Glu Glu Gln Gly
2885 2890 2895
Ser His Arg Gly Glu Tyr Pro Pro Asp Gln Glu Ser Gly Gly Ala
2900 2905 2910
Ala Arg Leu Ala Ser Ser Gln Pro Pro Glu Gln Arg Lys Gly Ile
2915 2920 2925
Leu Lys Asn Lys Val Thr Tyr Pro Pro Pro Leu Thr Leu Thr Glu
2930 2935 2940
Gln Thr Leu Lys Gly Arg Leu Arg Glu Lys Leu Ala Asp Cys Glu
2945 2950 2955
Gln Ser Pro Thr Ser Ser Arg Thr Ser Ser Leu Gly Ser Gly Gly
2960 2965 2970
Pro Asp Cys Ala Ile Thr Val Lys Ser Pro Gly Arg Glu Pro Gly
2975 2980 2985
Arg Asp His Leu Asn Gly Val Ala Met Asn Val Arg Thr Gly Ser
2990 2995 3000
Ala Gln Ala Asp Gly Ser Asp Ser Glu Lys Pro
3005 3010
<210> 29
<211> 2923
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 29
Met Arg Ser Pro Ala Thr Gly Val Pro Leu Pro Thr Pro Pro Pro Pro
1 5 10 15
Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Pro Pro Pro Leu Leu Gly Asp
20 25 30
Gln Val Gly Pro Cys Arg Ser Leu Gly Ser Arg Gly Arg Gly Ser Ser
35 40 45
Gly Ala Cys Ala Pro Met Gly Trp Leu Cys Pro Ser Ser Ala Ser Asn
50 55 60
Leu Trp Leu Tyr Thr Ser Arg Cys Arg Asp Ala Gly Thr Glu Leu Thr
65 70 75 80
Gly His Leu Val Pro His His Asp Gly Leu Arg Val Trp Cys Pro Glu
85 90 95
Ser Glu Ala His Ile Pro Leu Pro Pro Ala Pro Glu Gly Cys Pro Trp
100 105 110
Ser Cys Arg Leu Leu Gly Ile Gly Gly His Leu Ser Pro Gln Gly Lys
115 120 125
Leu Thr Leu Pro Glu Glu His Pro Cys Leu Lys Ala Pro Arg Leu Arg
130 135 140
Cys Gln Ser Cys Lys Leu Ala Gln Ala Pro Gly Leu Arg Ala Gly Glu
145 150 155 160
Arg Ser Pro Glu Glu Ser Leu Gly Gly Arg Arg Lys Arg Asn Val Asn
165 170 175
Thr Ala Pro Gln Phe Gln Pro Pro Ser Tyr Gln Ala Thr Val Pro Glu
180 185 190
Asn Gln Pro Ala Gly Thr Pro Val Ala Ser Leu Arg Ala Ile Asp Pro
195 200 205
Asp Glu Gly Glu Ala Gly Arg Leu Glu Tyr Thr Met Asp Ala Leu Phe
210 215 220
Asp Ser Arg Ser Asn Gln Phe Phe Ser Leu Asp Pro Val Thr Gly Ala
225 230 235 240
Val Thr Thr Ala Glu Glu Leu Asp Arg Glu Thr Lys Ser Thr His Val
245 250 255
Phe Arg Val Thr Ala Gln Asp His Gly Met Pro Arg Arg Ser Ala Leu
260 265 270
Ala Thr Leu Thr Ile Leu Val Thr Asp Thr Asn Asp His Asp Pro Val
275 280 285
Phe Glu Gln Gln Glu Tyr Lys Glu Ser Leu Arg Glu Asn Leu Glu Val
290 295 300
Gly Tyr Glu Val Leu Thr Val Arg Ala Thr Asp Gly Asp Ala Pro Pro
305 310 315 320
Asn Ala Asn Ile Leu Tyr Arg Leu Leu Glu Gly Ser Gly Gly Ser Pro
325 330 335
Ser Glu Val Phe Glu Ile Asp Pro Arg Ser Gly Val Ile Arg Thr Arg
340 345 350
Gly Pro Val Asp Arg Glu Glu Val Glu Ser Tyr Gln Leu Thr Val Glu
355 360 365
Ala Ser Asp Gln Gly Arg Asp Pro Gly Pro Arg Ser Thr Thr Ala Ala
370 375 380
Val Phe Leu Ser Val Glu Asp Asp Asn Asp Asn Ala Pro Gln Phe Ser
385 390 395 400
Glu Lys Arg Tyr Val Val Gln Val Arg Glu Asp Val Thr Pro Gly Ala
405 410 415
Pro Val Leu Arg Val Thr Ala Ser Asp Arg Asp Lys Gly Ser Asn Ala
420 425 430
Val Val His Tyr Ser Ile Met Ser Gly Asn Ala Arg Gly Gln Phe Tyr
435 440 445
Leu Asp Ala Gln Thr Gly Ala Leu Asp Val Val Ser Pro Leu Asp Tyr
450 455 460
Glu Thr Thr Lys Glu Tyr Thr Leu Arg Val Arg Ala Gln Asp Gly Gly
465 470 475 480
Arg Pro Pro Leu Ser Asn Val Ser Gly Leu Val Thr Val Gln Val Leu
485 490 495
Asp Ile Asn Asp Asn Ala Pro Ile Phe Val Ser Thr Pro Phe Gln Ala
500 505 510
Thr Val Leu Glu Ser Val Pro Leu Gly Tyr Leu Val Leu His Val Gln
515 520 525
Ala Ile Asp Ala Asp Ala Gly Asp Asn Ala Arg Leu Glu Tyr Arg Leu
530 535 540
Ala Gly Val Gly His Asp Phe Pro Phe Thr Ile Asn Asn Gly Thr Gly
545 550 555 560
Trp Ile Ser Val Ala Ala Glu Leu Asp Arg Glu Glu Val Asp Phe Tyr
565 570 575
Ser Phe Gly Val Glu Ala Arg Asp His Gly Thr Pro Ala Leu Thr Ala
580 585 590
Ser Ala Ser Val Ser Val Thr Val Leu Asp Val Asn Asp Asn Asn Pro
595 600 605
Thr Phe Thr Gln Pro Glu Tyr Thr Val Arg Leu Asn Glu Asp Ala Ala
610 615 620
Val Gly Thr Ser Val Val Thr Val Ser Ala Val Asp Arg Asp Ala His
625 630 635 640
Ser Val Ile Thr Tyr Gln Ile Thr Ser Gly Asn Thr Arg Asn Arg Phe
645 650 655
Ser Ile Thr Ser Gln Ser Gly Gly Gly Leu Val Ser Leu Ala Leu Pro
660 665 670
Leu Asp Tyr Lys Leu Glu Arg Gln Tyr Val Leu Ala Val Thr Ala Ser
675 680 685
Asp Gly Thr Arg Gln Asp Thr Ala Gln Ile Val Val Asn Val Thr Asp
690 695 700
Ala Asn Thr His Arg Pro Val Phe Gln Ser Ser His Tyr Thr Val Asn
705 710 715 720
Val Asn Glu Asp Arg Pro Ala Gly Thr Thr Val Val Leu Ile Ser Ala
725 730 735
Thr Asp Glu Asp Thr Gly Glu Asn Ala Arg Ile Thr Tyr Phe Met Glu
740 745 750
Asp Ser Ile Pro Gln Phe Arg Ile Asp Ala Asp Thr Gly Ala Val Thr
755 760 765
Thr Gln Ala Glu Leu Asp Tyr Glu Asp Gln Val Ser Tyr Thr Leu Ala
770 775 780
Ile Thr Ala Arg Asp Asn Gly Ile Pro Gln Lys Ser Asp Thr Thr Tyr
785 790 795 800
Leu Glu Ile Leu Val Asn Asp Val Asn Asp Asn Ala Pro Gln Phe Leu
805 810 815
Arg Asp Ser Tyr Gln Gly Ser Val Tyr Glu Asp Val Pro Pro Phe Thr
820 825 830
Ser Val Leu Gln Ile Ser Ala Thr Asp Arg Asp Ser Gly Leu Asn Gly
835 840 845
Arg Val Phe Tyr Thr Phe Gln Gly Gly Asp Asp Gly Asp Gly Asp Phe
850 855 860
Ile Val Glu Ser Thr Ser Gly Ile Val Arg Thr Leu Arg Arg Leu Asp
865 870 875 880
Arg Glu Asn Val Ala Gln Tyr Val Leu Arg Ala Tyr Ala Val Asp Lys
885 890 895
Gly Met Pro Pro Ala Arg Thr Pro Met Glu Val Thr Val Thr Val Leu
900 905 910
Asp Val Asn Asp Asn Pro Pro Val Phe Glu Gln Asp Glu Phe Asp Val
915 920 925
Phe Val Glu Glu Asn Ser Pro Ile Gly Leu Ala Val Ala Arg Val Thr
930 935 940
Ala Thr Asp Pro Asp Glu Gly Thr Asn Ala Gln Ile Met Tyr Gln Ile
945 950 955 960
Val Glu Gly Asn Ile Pro Glu Val Phe Gln Leu Asp Ile Phe Ser Gly
965 970 975
Glu Leu Thr Ala Leu Val Asp Leu Asp Tyr Glu Asp Arg Pro Glu Tyr
980 985 990
Val Leu Val Ile Gln Ala Thr Ser Ala Pro Leu Val Ser Arg Ala Thr
995 1000 1005
Val His Val Arg Leu Leu Asp Arg Asn Asp Asn Pro Pro Val Leu
1010 1015 1020
Gly Asn Phe Glu Ile Leu Phe Asn Asn Tyr Val Thr Asn Arg Ser
1025 1030 1035
Ser Ser Phe Pro Gly Gly Ala Ile Gly Arg Val Pro Ala His Asp
1040 1045 1050
Pro Asp Ile Ser Asp Ser Leu Thr Tyr Ser Phe Glu Arg Gly Asn
1055 1060 1065
Glu Leu Ser Leu Val Leu Leu Asn Ala Ser Thr Gly Glu Leu Lys
1070 1075 1080
Leu Ser Arg Ala Leu Asp Asn Asn Arg Pro Leu Glu Ala Ile Met
1085 1090 1095
Ser Val Leu Val Ser Asp Gly Val His Ser Val Thr Ala Gln Cys
1100 1105 1110
Ala Leu Arg Val Thr Ile Ile Thr Asp Glu Met Leu Thr His Ser
1115 1120 1125
Ile Thr Leu Arg Leu Glu Asp Met Ser Pro Glu Arg Phe Leu Ser
1130 1135 1140
Pro Leu Leu Gly Leu Phe Ile Gln Ala Val Ala Ala Thr Leu Ala
1145 1150 1155
Thr Pro Pro Asp His Val Val Val Phe Asn Val Gln Arg Asp Thr
1160 1165 1170
Asp Ala Pro Gly Gly His Ile Leu Asn Val Ser Leu Ser Val Gly
1175 1180 1185
Gln Pro Pro Gly Pro Gly Gly Gly Pro Pro Phe Leu Pro Ser Glu
1190 1195 1200
Asp Leu Gln Glu Arg Leu Tyr Leu Asn Arg Ser Leu Leu Thr Ala
1205 1210 1215
Ile Ser Ala Gln Arg Val Leu Pro Phe Asp Asp Asn Ile Cys Leu
1220 1225 1230
Arg Glu Pro Cys Glu Asn Tyr Met Arg Cys Val Ser Val Leu Arg
1235 1240 1245
Phe Asp Ser Ser Ala Pro Phe Ile Ala Ser Ser Ser Val Leu Phe
1250 1255 1260
Arg Pro Ile His Pro Val Gly Gly Leu Arg Cys Arg Cys Pro Pro
1265 1270 1275
Gly Phe Thr Gly Asp Tyr Cys Glu Thr Glu Val Asp Leu Cys Tyr
1280 1285 1290
Ser Arg Pro Cys Gly Pro His Gly Arg Cys Arg Ser Arg Glu Gly
1295 1300 1305
Gly Tyr Thr Cys Leu Cys Arg Asp Gly Tyr Thr Gly Glu His Cys
1310 1315 1320
Glu Val Ser Ala Arg Ser Gly Arg Cys Thr Pro Gly Val Cys Lys
1325 1330 1335
Asn Gly Gly Thr Cys Val Asn Leu Leu Val Gly Gly Phe Lys Cys
1340 1345 1350
Asp Cys Pro Ser Gly Asp Phe Glu Lys Pro Tyr Cys Gln Val Thr
1355 1360 1365
Thr Arg Ser Phe Pro Ala His Ser Phe Ile Thr Phe Arg Gly Leu
1370 1375 1380
Arg Gln Arg Phe His Phe Thr Leu Ala Leu Ser Phe Ala Thr Lys
1385 1390 1395
Glu Arg Asp Gly Leu Leu Leu Tyr Asn Gly Arg Phe Asn Glu Lys
1400 1405 1410
His Asp Phe Val Ala Leu Glu Val Ile Gln Glu Gln Val Gln Leu
1415 1420 1425
Thr Phe Ser Ala Gly Glu Ser Thr Thr Thr Val Ser Pro Phe Val
1430 1435 1440
Pro Gly Gly Val Ser Asp Gly Gln Trp His Thr Val Gln Leu Lys
1445 1450 1455
Tyr Tyr Asn Lys Pro Leu Leu Gly Gln Thr Gly Leu Pro Gln Gly
1460 1465 1470
Pro Ser Glu Gln Lys Val Ala Val Val Thr Val Asp Gly Cys Asp
1475 1480 1485
Thr Gly Val Ala Leu Arg Phe Gly Ser Val Leu Gly Asn Tyr Ser
1490 1495 1500
Cys Ala Ala Gln Gly Thr Gln Gly Gly Ser Lys Lys Ser Leu Asp
1505 1510 1515
Leu Thr Gly Pro Leu Leu Leu Gly Gly Val Pro Asp Leu Pro Glu
1520 1525 1530
Ser Phe Pro Val Arg Met Arg Gln Phe Val Gly Cys Met Arg Asn
1535 1540 1545
Leu Gln Val Asp Ser Arg His Ile Asp Met Ala Asp Phe Ile Ala
1550 1555 1560
Asn Asn Gly Thr Val Pro Gly Cys Pro Ala Lys Lys Asn Val Cys
1565 1570 1575
Asp Ser Asn Thr Cys His Asn Gly Gly Thr Cys Val Asn Gln Trp
1580 1585 1590
Asp Ala Phe Ser Cys Glu Cys Pro Leu Gly Phe Gly Gly Lys Ser
1595 1600 1605
Cys Ala Gln Glu Met Ala Asn Pro Gln His Phe Leu Gly Ser Ser
1610 1615 1620
Leu Val Ala Trp His Gly Leu Ser Leu Pro Ile Ser Gln Pro Trp
1625 1630 1635
Tyr Leu Ser Leu Met Phe Arg Thr Arg Gln Ala Asp Gly Val Leu
1640 1645 1650
Leu Gln Ala Ile Thr Arg Gly Arg Ser Thr Ile Thr Leu Gln Leu
1655 1660 1665
Arg Glu Gly His Val Met Leu Ser Val Glu Gly Thr Gly Leu Gln
1670 1675 1680
Ala Ser Ser Leu Arg Leu Glu Pro Gly Arg Ala Asn Asp Gly Asp
1685 1690 1695
Trp His His Ala Gln Leu Ala Leu Gly Ala Ser Gly Gly Pro Gly
1700 1705 1710
His Ala Ile Leu Ser Phe Asp Tyr Gly Gln Gln Arg Ala Glu Gly
1715 1720 1725
Asn Leu Gly Pro Arg Leu His Gly Leu His Leu Ser Asn Ile Thr
1730 1735 1740
Val Gly Gly Ile Pro Gly Pro Ala Gly Gly Val Ala Arg Gly Phe
1745 1750 1755
Arg Gly Cys Leu Gln Gly Val Arg Val Ser Asp Thr Pro Glu Gly
1760 1765 1770
Val Asn Ser Leu Asp Pro Ser His Gly Glu Ser Ile Asn Val Glu
1775 1780 1785
Gln Gly Cys Ser Leu Pro Asp Pro Cys Asp Ser Asn Pro Cys Pro
1790 1795 1800
Ala Asn Ser Tyr Cys Ser Asn Asp Trp Asp Ser Tyr Ser Cys Ser
1805 1810 1815
Cys Asp Pro Gly Tyr Tyr Gly Asp Asn Cys Thr Asn Val Cys Asp
1820 1825 1830
Leu Asn Pro Cys Glu His Gln Ser Val Cys Thr Arg Lys Pro Ser
1835 1840 1845
Ala Pro His Gly Tyr Thr Cys Glu Cys Pro Pro Asn Tyr Leu Gly
1850 1855 1860
Pro Tyr Cys Glu Thr Arg Ile Asp Gln Pro Cys Pro Arg Gly Trp
1865 1870 1875
Trp Gly His Pro Thr Cys Gly Pro Cys Asn Cys Asp Val Ser Lys
1880 1885 1890
Gly Phe Asp Pro Asp Cys Asn Lys Thr Ser Gly Glu Cys His Cys
1895 1900 1905
Lys Glu Asn His Tyr Arg Pro Pro Gly Ser Pro Thr Cys Leu Leu
1910 1915 1920
Cys Asp Cys Tyr Pro Thr Gly Ser Leu Ser Arg Val Cys Asp Pro
1925 1930 1935
Glu Asp Gly Gln Cys Pro Cys Lys Pro Gly Val Ile Gly Arg Gln
1940 1945 1950
Cys Asp Arg Cys Asp Asn Pro Phe Ala Glu Val Thr Thr Asn Gly
1955 1960 1965
Cys Glu Val Asn Tyr Asp Ser Cys Pro Arg Ala Ile Glu Ala Gly
1970 1975 1980
Ile Trp Trp Pro Arg Thr Arg Phe Gly Leu Pro Ala Ala Ala Pro
1985 1990 1995
Cys Pro Lys Gly Ser Phe Gly Thr Ala Val Arg His Cys Asp Glu
2000 2005 2010
His Arg Gly Trp Leu Pro Pro Asn Leu Phe Asn Cys Thr Ser Ile
2015 2020 2025
Thr Phe Ser Glu Leu Lys Gly Phe Ala Glu Arg Leu Gln Arg Asn
2030 2035 2040
Glu Ser Gly Leu Asp Ser Gly Arg Ser Gln Gln Leu Ala Leu Leu
2045 2050 2055
Leu Arg Asn Ala Thr Gln His Thr Ala Gly Tyr Phe Gly Ser Asp
2060 2065 2070
Val Lys Val Ala Tyr Gln Leu Ala Thr Arg Leu Leu Ala His Glu
2075 2080 2085
Ser Thr Gln Arg Gly Phe Gly Leu Ser Ala Thr Gln Asp Val His
2090 2095 2100
Phe Thr Glu Asn Leu Leu Arg Val Gly Ser Ala Leu Leu Asp Thr
2105 2110 2115
Ala Asn Lys Arg His Trp Glu Leu Ile Gln Gln Thr Glu Gly Gly
2120 2125 2130
Thr Ala Trp Leu Leu Gln His Tyr Glu Ala Tyr Ala Ser Ala Leu
2135 2140 2145
Ala Gln Asn Met Arg His Thr Tyr Leu Ser Pro Phe Thr Ile Val
2150 2155 2160
Thr Pro Asn Ile Val Ile Ser Val Val Arg Leu Asp Lys Gly Asn
2165 2170 2175
Phe Ala Gly Ala Lys Leu Pro Arg Tyr Glu Ala Leu Arg Gly Glu
2180 2185 2190
Gln Pro Pro Asp Leu Glu Thr Thr Val Ile Leu Pro Glu Ser Val
2195 2200 2205
Phe Arg Glu Thr Pro Pro Val Val Arg Pro Ala Gly Pro Gly Glu
2210 2215 2220
Ala Gln Glu Pro Glu Glu Leu Ala Arg Arg Gln Arg Arg His Pro
2225 2230 2235
Glu Leu Ser Gln Gly Glu Ala Val Ala Ser Val Ile Ile Tyr Arg
2240 2245 2250
Thr Leu Ala Gly Leu Leu Pro His Asn Tyr Asp Pro Asp Lys Arg
2255 2260 2265
Ser Leu Arg Val Pro Lys Arg Pro Ile Ile Asn Thr Pro Val Val
2270 2275 2280
Ser Ile Ser Val His Asp Asp Glu Glu Leu Leu Pro Arg Ala Leu
2285 2290 2295
Asp Lys Pro Val Thr Val Gln Phe Arg Leu Leu Glu Thr Glu Glu
2300 2305 2310
Arg Thr Lys Pro Ile Cys Val Phe Trp Asn His Ser Ile Leu Val
2315 2320 2325
Ser Gly Thr Gly Gly Trp Ser Ala Arg Gly Cys Glu Val Val Phe
2330 2335 2340
Arg Asn Glu Ser His Val Ser Cys Gln Cys Asn His Met Thr Ser
2345 2350 2355
Phe Ala Val Leu Met Asp Val Ser Arg Arg Glu Asn Gly Glu Ile
2360 2365 2370
Leu Pro Leu Lys Thr Leu Thr Tyr Val Ala Leu Gly Val Thr Leu
2375 2380 2385
Ala Ala Leu Leu Leu Thr Phe Phe Phe Leu Thr Leu Leu Arg Ile
2390 2395 2400
Leu Arg Ser Asn Gln His Gly Ile Arg Arg Asn Leu Thr Ala Ala
2405 2410 2415
Leu Gly Leu Ala Gln Leu Val Phe Leu Leu Gly Ile Asn Gln Ala
2420 2425 2430
Asp Leu Pro Phe Ala Cys Thr Val Ile Ala Ile Leu Leu His Phe
2435 2440 2445
Leu Tyr Leu Cys Thr Phe Ser Trp Ala Leu Leu Glu Ala Leu His
2450 2455 2460
Leu Tyr Arg Ala Leu Thr Glu Val Arg Asp Val Asn Thr Gly Pro
2465 2470 2475
Met Arg Phe Tyr Tyr Met Leu Gly Trp Gly Val Pro Ala Phe Ile
2480 2485 2490
Thr Gly Leu Ala Val Gly Leu Asp Pro Glu Gly Tyr Gly Asn Pro
2495 2500 2505
Asp Phe Cys Trp Leu Ser Ile Tyr Asp Thr Leu Ile Trp Ser Phe
2510 2515 2520
Ala Gly Pro Val Ala Phe Ala Val Ser Met Ser Val Phe Leu Tyr
2525 2530 2535
Ile Leu Ala Ala Arg Ala Ser Cys Ala Ala Gln Arg Gln Gly Phe
2540 2545 2550
Glu Lys Lys Gly Pro Val Ser Gly Leu Gln Pro Ser Phe Ala Val
2555 2560 2565
Leu Leu Leu Leu Ser Ala Thr Trp Leu Leu Ala Leu Leu Ser Val
2570 2575 2580
Asn Ser Asp Thr Leu Leu Phe His Tyr Leu Phe Ala Thr Cys Asn
2585 2590 2595
Cys Ile Gln Gly Pro Phe Ile Phe Leu Ser Tyr Val Val Leu Ser
2600 2605 2610
Lys Glu Val Arg Lys Ala Leu Lys Leu Ala Cys Ser Arg Lys Pro
2615 2620 2625
Ser Pro Asp Pro Ala Leu Thr Thr Lys Ser Thr Leu Thr Ser Ser
2630 2635 2640
Tyr Asn Cys Pro Ser Pro Tyr Ala Asp Gly Arg Leu Tyr Gln Pro
2645 2650 2655
Tyr Gly Asp Ser Ala Gly Ser Leu His Ser Thr Ser Arg Ser Gly
2660 2665 2670
Lys Ser Gln Pro Ser Tyr Ile Pro Phe Leu Leu Arg Glu Glu Ser
2675 2680 2685
Ala Leu Asn Pro Gly Gln Gly Pro Pro Gly Leu Gly Asp Pro Gly
2690 2695 2700
Ser Leu Phe Leu Glu Gly Gln Asp Gln Gln His Asp Pro Asp Thr
2705 2710 2715
Asp Ser Asp Ser Asp Leu Ser Leu Glu Asp Asp Gln Ser Gly Ser
2720 2725 2730
Tyr Ala Ser Thr His Ser Ser Asp Ser Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu Glu
2735 2740 2745
Glu Glu Glu Glu Ala Ala Phe Pro Gly Glu Gln Gly Trp Asp Ser
2750 2755 2760
Leu Leu Gly Pro Gly Ala Glu Arg Leu Pro Leu His Ser Thr Pro
2765 2770 2775
Lys Asp Gly Gly Pro Gly Pro Gly Lys Ala Pro Trp Pro Gly Asp
2780 2785 2790
Phe Gly Thr Thr Ala Lys Glu Ser Ser Gly Asn Gly Ala Pro Glu
2795 2800 2805
Glu Arg Leu Arg Glu Asn Gly Asp Ala Leu Ser Arg Glu Gly Ser
2810 2815 2820
Leu Gly Pro Leu Pro Gly Ser Ser Ala Gln Pro His Lys Gly Ile
2825 2830 2835
Leu Lys Lys Lys Cys Leu Pro Thr Ile Ser Glu Lys Ser Ser Leu
2840 2845 2850
Leu Arg Leu Pro Leu Glu Gln Cys Thr Gly Ser Ser Arg Gly Ser
2855 2860 2865
Ser Ala Ser Glu Gly Ser Arg Gly Gly Pro Pro Pro Arg Pro Pro
2870 2875 2880
Pro Arg Gln Ser Leu Gln Glu Gln Leu Asn Gly Val Met Pro Ile
2885 2890 2895
Ala Met Ser Ile Lys Ala Gly Thr Val Asp Glu Asp Ser Ser Gly
2900 2905 2910
Ser Glu Phe Leu Phe Phe Asn Phe Leu His
2915 2920
<210> 30
<211> 3312
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 30
Met Met Ala Arg Arg Pro Pro Trp Arg Gly Leu Gly Gly Arg Ser Thr
1 5 10 15
Pro Ile Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu Ser Leu Phe Pro Leu Ser Gln Glu
20 25 30
Glu Leu Gly Gly Gly Gly His Gln Gly Trp Asp Pro Gly Leu Ala Ala
35 40 45
Thr Thr Gly Pro Arg Ala His Ile Gly Gly Gly Ala Leu Ala Leu Cys
50 55 60
Pro Glu Ser Ser Gly Val Arg Glu Asp Gly Gly Pro Gly Leu Gly Val
65 70 75 80
Arg Glu Pro Ile Phe Val Gly Leu Arg Gly Arg Arg Gln Ser Ala Arg
85 90 95
Asn Ser Arg Gly Pro Pro Glu Gln Pro Asn Glu Glu Leu Gly Ile Glu
100 105 110
His Gly Val Gln Pro Leu Gly Ser Arg Glu Arg Glu Thr Gly Gln Gly
115 120 125
Pro Gly Ser Val Leu Tyr Trp Arg Pro Glu Val Ser Ser Cys Gly Arg
130 135 140
Thr Gly Pro Leu Gln Arg Gly Ser Leu Ser Pro Gly Ala Leu Ser Ser
145 150 155 160
Gly Val Pro Gly Ser Gly Asn Ser Ser Pro Leu Pro Ser Asp Phe Leu
165 170 175
Ile Arg His His Gly Pro Lys Pro Val Ser Ser Gln Arg Asn Ala Gly
180 185 190
Thr Gly Ser Arg Lys Arg Val Gly Thr Ala Arg Cys Cys Gly Glu Leu
195 200 205
Trp Ala Thr Gly Ser Lys Gly Gln Gly Glu Arg Ala Thr Thr Ser Gly
210 215 220
Ala Glu Arg Thr Ala Pro Arg Arg Asn Cys Leu Pro Gly Ala Ser Gly
225 230 235 240
Ser Gly Pro Glu Leu Asp Ser Ala Pro Arg Thr Ala Arg Thr Ala Pro
245 250 255
Ala Ser Gly Ser Ala Pro Arg Glu Ser Arg Thr Ala Pro Glu Pro Ala
260 265 270
Pro Lys Arg Met Arg Ser Arg Gly Leu Phe Arg Cys Arg Phe Leu Pro
275 280 285
Gln Arg Pro Gly Pro Arg Pro Pro Gly Leu Pro Ala Arg Pro Glu Ala
290 295 300
Arg Lys Val Thr Ser Ala Asn Arg Ala Arg Phe Arg Arg Ala Ala Asn
305 310 315 320
Arg His Pro Gln Phe Pro Gln Tyr Asn Tyr Gln Thr Leu Val Pro Glu
325 330 335
Asn Glu Ala Ala Gly Thr Ala Val Leu Arg Val Val Ala Gln Asp Pro
340 345 350
Asp Ala Gly Glu Ala Gly Arg Leu Val Tyr Ser Leu Ala Ala Leu Met
355 360 365
Asn Ser Arg Ser Leu Glu Leu Phe Ser Ile Asp Pro Gln Ser Gly Leu
370 375 380
Ile Arg Thr Ala Ala Ala Leu Asp Arg Glu Ser Met Glu Arg His Tyr
385 390 395 400
Leu Arg Val Thr Ala Gln Asp His Gly Ser Pro Arg Leu Ser Ala Thr
405 410 415
Thr Met Val Ala Val Thr Val Ala Asp Arg Asn Asp His Ser Pro Val
420 425 430
Phe Glu Gln Ala Gln Tyr Arg Glu Thr Leu Arg Glu Asn Val Glu Glu
435 440 445
Gly Tyr Pro Ile Leu Gln Leu Arg Ala Thr Asp Gly Asp Ala Pro Pro
450 455 460
Asn Ala Asn Leu Arg Tyr Arg Phe Val Gly Pro Pro Ala Ala Arg Ala
465 470 475 480
Ala Ala Ala Ala Ala Phe Glu Ile Asp Pro Arg Ser Gly Leu Ile Ser
485 490 495
Thr Ser Gly Arg Val Asp Arg Glu His Met Glu Ser Tyr Glu Leu Val
500 505 510
Val Glu Ala Ser Asp Gln Gly Gln Glu Pro Gly Pro Arg Ser Ala Thr
515 520 525
Val Arg Val His Ile Thr Val Leu Asp Glu Asn Asp Asn Ala Pro Gln
530 535 540
Phe Ser Glu Lys Arg Tyr Val Ala Gln Val Arg Glu Asp Val Arg Pro
545 550 555 560
His Thr Val Val Leu Arg Val Thr Ala Thr Asp Arg Asp Lys Asp Ala
565 570 575
Asn Gly Leu Val His Tyr Asn Ile Ile Ser Gly Asn Ser Arg Gly His
580 585 590
Phe Ala Ile Asp Ser Leu Thr Gly Glu Ile Gln Val Val Ala Pro Leu
595 600 605
Asp Phe Glu Ala Glu Arg Glu Tyr Ala Leu Arg Ile Arg Ala Gln Asp
610 615 620
Ala Gly Arg Pro Pro Leu Ser Asn Asn Thr Gly Leu Ala Ser Ile Gln
625 630 635 640
Val Val Asp Ile Asn Asp His Ile Pro Ile Phe Val Ser Thr Pro Phe
645 650 655
Gln Val Ser Val Leu Glu Asn Ala Pro Leu Gly His Ser Val Ile His
660 665 670
Ile Gln Ala Val Asp Ala Asp His Gly Glu Asn Ala Arg Leu Glu Tyr
675 680 685
Ser Leu Thr Gly Val Ala Pro Asp Thr Pro Phe Val Ile Asn Ser Ala
690 695 700
Thr Gly Trp Val Ser Val Ser Gly Pro Leu Asp Arg Glu Ser Val Glu
705 710 715 720
His Tyr Phe Phe Gly Val Glu Ala Arg Asp His Gly Ser Pro Pro Leu
725 730 735
Ser Ala Ser Ala Ser Val Thr Val Thr Val Leu Asp Val Asn Asp Asn
740 745 750
Arg Pro Glu Phe Thr Met Lys Glu Tyr His Leu Arg Leu Asn Glu Asp
755 760 765
Ala Ala Val Gly Thr Ser Val Val Ser Val Thr Ala Val Asp Arg Asp
770 775 780
Ala Asn Ser Ala Ile Ser Tyr Gln Ile Thr Gly Gly Asn Thr Arg Asn
785 790 795 800
Arg Phe Ala Ile Ser Thr Gln Gly Gly Val Gly Leu Val Thr Leu Ala
805 810 815
Leu Pro Leu Asp Tyr Lys Gln Glu Arg Tyr Phe Lys Leu Val Leu Thr
820 825 830
Ala Ser Asp Arg Ala Leu His Asp His Cys Tyr Val His Ile Asn Ile
835 840 845
Thr Asp Ala Asn Thr His Arg Pro Val Phe Gln Ser Ala His Tyr Ser
850 855 860
Val Ser Val Asn Glu Asp Arg Pro Met Gly Ser Thr Ile Val Val Ile
865 870 875 880
Ser Ala Ser Asp Asp Asp Val Gly Glu Asn Ala Arg Ile Thr Tyr Leu
885 890 895
Leu Glu Asp Asn Leu Pro Gln Phe Arg Ile Asp Ala Asp Ser Gly Ala
900 905 910
Ile Thr Leu Gln Ala Pro Leu Asp Tyr Glu Asp Gln Val Thr Tyr Thr
915 920 925
Leu Ala Ile Thr Ala Arg Asp Asn Gly Ile Pro Gln Lys Ala Asp Thr
930 935 940
Thr Tyr Val Glu Val Met Val Asn Asp Val Asn Asp Asn Ala Pro Gln
945 950 955 960
Phe Val Ala Ser His Tyr Thr Gly Leu Val Ser Glu Asp Ala Pro Pro
965 970 975
Phe Thr Ser Val Leu Gln Ile Ser Ala Thr Asp Arg Asp Ala His Ala
980 985 990
Asn Gly Arg Val Gln Tyr Thr Phe Gln Asn Gly Glu Asp Gly Asp Gly
995 1000 1005
Asp Phe Thr Ile Glu Pro Thr Ser Gly Ile Val Arg Thr Val Arg
1010 1015 1020
Arg Leu Asp Arg Glu Ala Val Ser Val Tyr Glu Leu Thr Ala Tyr
1025 1030 1035
Ala Val Asp Arg Gly Val Pro Pro Leu Arg Thr Pro Val Ser Ile
1040 1045 1050
Gln Val Met Val Gln Asp Val Asn Asp Asn Ala Pro Val Phe Pro
1055 1060 1065
Ala Glu Glu Phe Glu Val Arg Val Lys Glu Asn Ser Ile Val Gly
1070 1075 1080
Ser Val Val Ala Gln Ile Thr Ala Val Asp Pro Asp Glu Gly Pro
1085 1090 1095
Asn Ala His Ile Met Tyr Gln Ile Val Glu Gly Asn Ile Pro Glu
1100 1105 1110
Leu Phe Gln Met Asp Ile Phe Ser Gly Glu Leu Thr Ala Leu Ile
1115 1120 1125
Asp Leu Asp Tyr Glu Ala Arg Gln Glu Tyr Val Ile Val Val Gln
1130 1135 1140
Ala Thr Ser Ala Pro Leu Val Ser Arg Ala Thr Val His Val Arg
1145 1150 1155
Leu Val Asp Gln Asn Asp Asn Ser Pro Val Leu Asn Asn Phe Gln
1160 1165 1170
Ile Leu Phe Asn Asn Tyr Val Ser Asn Arg Ser Asp Thr Phe Pro
1175 1180 1185
Ser Gly Ile Ile Gly Arg Ile Pro Ala Tyr Asp Pro Asp Val Ser
1190 1195 1200
Asp His Leu Phe Tyr Ser Phe Glu Arg Gly Asn Glu Leu Gln Leu
1205 1210 1215
Leu Val Val Asn Gln Thr Ser Gly Glu Leu Arg Leu Ser Arg Lys
1220 1225 1230
Leu Asp Asn Asn Arg Pro Leu Val Ala Ser Met Leu Val Thr Val
1235 1240 1245
Thr Asp Gly Leu His Ser Val Thr Ala Gln Cys Val Leu Arg Val
1250 1255 1260
Val Ile Ile Thr Glu Glu Leu Leu Ala Asn Ser Leu Thr Val Arg
1265 1270 1275
Leu Glu Asn Met Trp Gln Glu Arg Phe Leu Ser Pro Leu Leu Gly
1280 1285 1290
Arg Phe Leu Glu Gly Val Ala Ala Val Leu Ala Thr Pro Ala Glu
1295 1300 1305
Asp Val Phe Ile Phe Asn Ile Gln Asn Asp Thr Asp Val Gly Gly
1310 1315 1320
Thr Val Leu Asn Val Ser Phe Ser Ala Leu Ala Pro Arg Gly Ala
1325 1330 1335
Gly Ala Gly Ala Ala Gly Pro Trp Phe Ser Ser Glu Glu Leu Gln
1340 1345 1350
Glu Gln Leu Tyr Val Arg Arg Ala Ala Leu Ala Ala Arg Ser Leu
1355 1360 1365
Leu Asp Val Leu Pro Phe Asp Asp Asn Val Cys Leu Arg Glu Pro
1370 1375 1380
Cys Glu Asn Tyr Met Lys Cys Val Ser Val Leu Arg Phe Asp Ser
1385 1390 1395
Ser Ala Pro Phe Leu Ala Ser Ala Ser Thr Leu Phe Arg Pro Ile
1400 1405 1410
Gln Pro Ile Ala Gly Leu Arg Cys Arg Cys Pro Pro Gly Phe Thr
1415 1420 1425
Gly Asp Phe Cys Glu Thr Glu Leu Asp Leu Cys Tyr Ser Asn Pro
1430 1435 1440
Cys Arg Asn Gly Gly Ala Cys Ala Arg Arg Glu Gly Gly Tyr Thr
1445 1450 1455
Cys Val Cys Arg Pro Arg Phe Thr Gly Glu Asp Cys Glu Leu Asp
1460 1465 1470
Thr Glu Ala Gly Arg Cys Val Pro Gly Val Cys Arg Asn Gly Gly
1475 1480 1485
Thr Cys Thr Asp Ala Pro Asn Gly Gly Phe Arg Cys Gln Cys Pro
1490 1495 1500
Ala Gly Gly Ala Phe Glu Gly Pro Arg Cys Glu Val Ala Ala Arg
1505 1510 1515
Ser Phe Pro Pro Ser Ser Phe Val Met Phe Arg Gly Leu Arg Gln
1520 1525 1530
Arg Phe His Leu Thr Leu Ser Leu Ser Phe Ala Thr Val Gln Gln
1535 1540 1545
Ser Gly Leu Leu Phe Tyr Asn Gly Arg Leu Asn Glu Lys His Asp
1550 1555 1560
Phe Leu Ala Leu Glu Leu Val Ala Gly Gln Val Arg Leu Thr Tyr
1565 1570 1575
Ser Thr Gly Glu Ser Asn Thr Val Val Ser Pro Thr Val Pro Gly
1580 1585 1590
Gly Leu Ser Asp Gly Gln Trp His Thr Val His Leu Arg Tyr Tyr
1595 1600 1605
Asn Lys Pro Arg Thr Asp Ala Leu Gly Gly Ala Gln Gly Pro Ser
1610 1615 1620
Lys Asp Lys Val Ala Val Leu Ser Val Asp Asp Cys Asp Val Ala
1625 1630 1635
Val Ala Leu Gln Phe Gly Ala Glu Ile Gly Asn Tyr Ser Cys Ala
1640 1645 1650
Ala Ala Gly Val Gln Thr Ser Ser Lys Lys Ser Leu Asp Leu Thr
1655 1660 1665
Gly Pro Leu Leu Leu Gly Gly Val Pro Asn Leu Pro Glu Asn Phe
1670 1675 1680
Pro Val Ser His Lys Asp Phe Ile Gly Cys Met Arg Asp Leu His
1685 1690 1695
Ile Asp Gly Arg Arg Val Asp Met Ala Ala Phe Val Ala Asn Asn
1700 1705 1710
Gly Thr Met Ala Gly Cys Gln Ala Lys Leu His Phe Cys Asp Ser
1715 1720 1725
Gly Pro Cys Lys Asn Ser Gly Phe Cys Ser Glu Arg Trp Gly Ser
1730 1735 1740
Phe Ser Cys Asp Cys Pro Val Gly Phe Gly Gly Lys Asp Cys Gln
1745 1750 1755
Leu Thr Met Ala His Pro His His Phe Arg Gly Asn Gly Thr Leu
1760 1765 1770
Ser Trp Asn Phe Gly Ser Asp Met Ala Val Ser Val Pro Trp Tyr
1775 1780 1785
Leu Gly Leu Ala Phe Arg Thr Arg Ala Thr Gln Gly Val Leu Met
1790 1795 1800
Gln Val Gln Ala Gly Pro His Ser Thr Leu Leu Cys Gln Leu Asp
1805 1810 1815
Arg Gly Leu Leu Ser Val Thr Val Thr Arg Gly Ser Gly Arg Ala
1820 1825 1830
Ser His Leu Leu Leu Asp Gln Val Thr Val Ser Asp Gly Arg Trp
1835 1840 1845
His Asp Leu Arg Leu Glu Leu Gln Glu Glu Pro Gly Gly Arg Arg
1850 1855 1860
Gly His His Val Leu Met Val Ser Leu Asp Phe Ser Leu Phe Gln
1865 1870 1875
Asp Thr Met Ala Val Gly Ser Glu Leu Gln Gly Leu Lys Val Lys
1880 1885 1890
Gln Leu His Val Gly Gly Leu Pro Pro Gly Ser Ala Glu Glu Ala
1895 1900 1905
Pro Gln Gly Leu Val Gly Cys Ile Gln Gly Val Trp Leu Gly Ser
1910 1915 1920
Thr Pro Ser Gly Ser Pro Ala Leu Leu Pro Pro Ser His Arg Val
1925 1930 1935
Asn Ala Glu Pro Gly Cys Val Val Thr Asn Ala Cys Ala Ser Gly
1940 1945 1950
Pro Cys Pro Pro His Ala Asp Cys Arg Asp Leu Trp Gln Thr Phe
1955 1960 1965
Ser Cys Thr Cys Gln Pro Gly Tyr Tyr Gly Pro Gly Cys Val Asp
1970 1975 1980
Ala Cys Leu Leu Asn Pro Cys Gln Asn Gln Gly Ser Cys Arg His
1985 1990 1995
Leu Pro Gly Ala Pro His Gly Tyr Thr Cys Asp Cys Val Gly Gly
2000 2005 2010
Tyr Phe Gly His His Cys Glu His Arg Met Asp Gln Gln Cys Pro
2015 2020 2025
Arg Gly Trp Trp Gly Ser Pro Thr Cys Gly Pro Cys Asn Cys Asp
2030 2035 2040
Val His Lys Gly Phe Asp Pro Asn Cys Asn Lys Thr Asn Gly Gln
2045 2050 2055
Cys His Cys Lys Glu Phe His Tyr Arg Pro Arg Gly Ser Asp Ser
2060 2065 2070
Cys Leu Pro Cys Asp Cys Tyr Pro Val Gly Ser Thr Ser Arg Ser
2075 2080 2085
Cys Ala Pro His Ser Gly Gln Cys Pro Cys Arg Pro Gly Ala Leu
2090 2095 2100
Gly Arg Gln Cys Asn Ser Cys Asp Ser Pro Phe Ala Glu Val Thr
2105 2110 2115
Ala Ser Gly Cys Arg Val Leu Tyr Asp Ala Cys Pro Lys Ser Leu
2120 2125 2130
Arg Ser Gly Val Trp Trp Pro Gln Thr Lys Phe Gly Val Leu Ala
2135 2140 2145
Thr Val Pro Cys Pro Arg Gly Ala Leu Gly Ala Ala Val Arg Leu
2150 2155 2160
Cys Asp Glu Ala Gln Gly Trp Leu Glu Pro Asp Leu Phe Asn Cys
2165 2170 2175
Thr Ser Pro Ala Phe Arg Glu Leu Ser Leu Leu Leu Asp Gly Leu
2180 2185 2190
Glu Leu Asn Lys Thr Ala Leu Asp Thr Met Glu Ala Lys Lys Leu
2195 2200 2205
Ala Gln Arg Leu Arg Glu Val Thr Gly His Thr Asp His Tyr Phe
2210 2215 2220
Ser Gln Asp Val Arg Val Thr Ala Arg Leu Leu Ala His Leu Leu
2225 2230 2235
Ala Phe Glu Ser His Gln Gln Gly Phe Gly Leu Thr Ala Thr Gln
2240 2245 2250
Asp Ala His Phe Asn Glu Asn Leu Leu Trp Ala Gly Ser Ala Leu
2255 2260 2265
Leu Ala Pro Glu Thr Gly Asp Leu Trp Ala Ala Leu Gly Gln Arg
2270 2275 2280
Ala Pro Gly Gly Ser Pro Gly Ser Ala Gly Leu Val Arg His Leu
2285 2290 2295
Glu Glu Tyr Ala Ala Thr Leu Ala Arg Asn Met Glu Leu Thr Tyr
2300 2305 2310
Leu Asn Pro Met Gly Leu Val Thr Pro Asn Ile Met Leu Ser Ile
2315 2320 2325
Asp Arg Met Glu His Pro Ser Ser Pro Arg Gly Ala Arg Arg Tyr
2330 2335 2340
Pro Arg Tyr His Ser Asn Leu Phe Arg Gly Gln Asp Ala Trp Asp
2345 2350 2355
Pro His Thr His Val Leu Leu Pro Ser Gln Ser Pro Arg Pro Ser
2360 2365 2370
Pro Ser Glu Val Leu Pro Thr Ser Ser Ser Ile Glu Asn Ser Thr
2375 2380 2385
Thr Ser Ser Val Val Pro Pro Pro Ala Pro Pro Glu Pro Glu Pro
2390 2395 2400
Gly Ile Ser Ile Ile Ile Leu Leu Val Tyr Arg Thr Leu Gly Gly
2405 2410 2415
Leu Leu Pro Ala Gln Phe Gln Ala Glu Arg Arg Gly Ala Arg Leu
2420 2425 2430
Pro Gln Asn Pro Val Met Asn Ser Pro Val Val Ser Val Ala Val
2435 2440 2445
Phe His Gly Arg Asn Phe Leu Arg Gly Ile Leu Glu Ser Pro Ile
2450 2455 2460
Ser Leu Glu Phe Arg Leu Leu Gln Thr Ala Asn Arg Ser Lys Ala
2465 2470 2475
Ile Cys Val Gln Trp Asp Pro Pro Gly Leu Ala Glu Gln His Gly
2480 2485 2490
Val Trp Thr Ala Arg Asp Cys Glu Leu Val His Arg Asn Gly Ser
2495 2500 2505
His Ala Arg Cys Arg Cys Ser Arg Thr Gly Thr Phe Gly Val Leu
2510 2515 2520
Met Asp Ala Ser Pro Arg Glu Arg Leu Glu Gly Asp Leu Glu Leu
2525 2530 2535
Leu Ala Val Phe Thr His Val Val Val Ala Val Ser Val Ala Ala
2540 2545 2550
Leu Val Leu Thr Ala Ala Ile Leu Leu Ser Leu Arg Ser Leu Lys
2555 2560 2565
Ser Asn Val Arg Gly Ile His Ala Asn Val Ala Ala Ala Leu Gly
2570 2575 2580
Val Ala Glu Leu Leu Phe Leu Leu Gly Ile His Arg Thr His Asn
2585 2590 2595
Gln Leu Val Cys Thr Ala Val Ala Ile Leu Leu His Tyr Phe Phe
2600 2605 2610
Leu Ser Thr Phe Ala Trp Leu Phe Val Gln Gly Leu His Leu Tyr
2615 2620 2625
Arg Met Gln Val Glu Pro Arg Asn Val Asp Arg Gly Ala Met Arg
2630 2635 2640
Phe Tyr His Ala Leu Gly Trp Gly Val Pro Ala Val Leu Leu Gly
2645 2650 2655
Leu Ala Val Gly Leu Asp Pro Glu Gly Tyr Gly Asn Pro Asp Phe
2660 2665 2670
Cys Trp Ile Ser Val His Glu Pro Leu Ile Trp Ser Phe Ala Gly
2675 2680 2685
Pro Val Val Leu Val Ile Val Met Asn Gly Thr Met Phe Leu Leu
2690 2695 2700
Ala Ala Arg Thr Ser Cys Ser Thr Gly Gln Arg Glu Ala Lys Lys
2705 2710 2715
Thr Ser Ala Leu Thr Leu Arg Ser Ser Phe Leu Leu Leu Leu Leu
2720 2725 2730
Val Ser Ala Ser Trp Leu Phe Gly Leu Leu Ala Val Asn His Ser
2735 2740 2745
Ile Leu Ala Phe His Tyr Leu His Ala Gly Leu Cys Gly Leu Gln
2750 2755 2760
Gly Leu Ala Val Leu Leu Leu Phe Cys Val Leu Asn Ala Asp Ala
2765 2770 2775
Arg Ala Ala Trp Met Pro Ala Cys Leu Gly Arg Lys Ala Ala Pro
2780 2785 2790
Glu Glu Ala Arg Pro Ala Pro Gly Leu Gly Pro Gly Ala Tyr Asn
2795 2800 2805
Asn Thr Ala Leu Phe Glu Glu Ser Gly Leu Ile Arg Ile Thr Leu
2810 2815 2820
Gly Ala Ser Thr Val Ser Ser Val Ser Ser Ala Arg Ser Gly Arg
2825 2830 2835
Thr Gln Asp Gln Asp Ser Gln Arg Gly Arg Ser Tyr Leu Arg Asp
2840 2845 2850
Asn Val Leu Val Arg His Gly Ser Ala Ala Asp His Thr Asp His
2855 2860 2865
Ser Leu Gln Ala His Ala Gly Pro Thr Asp Leu Asp Val Ala Met
2870 2875 2880
Phe His Arg Asp Ala Gly Ala Asp Ser Asp Ser Asp Ser Asp Leu
2885 2890 2895
Ser Leu Glu Glu Glu Arg Ser Leu Ser Ile Pro Ser Ser Glu Ser
2900 2905 2910
Glu Asp Asn Gly Arg Thr Arg Gly Arg Phe Gln Arg Pro Leu Cys
2915 2920 2925
Arg Ala Ala Gln Ser Glu Arg Leu Leu Thr His Pro Lys Asp Val
2930 2935 2940
Asp Gly Asn Asp Leu Leu Ser Tyr Trp Pro Ala Leu Gly Glu Cys
2945 2950 2955
Glu Ala Ala Pro Cys Ala Leu Gln Thr Trp Gly Ser Glu Arg Arg
2960 2965 2970
Leu Gly Leu Asp Thr Ser Lys Asp Ala Ala Asn Asn Asn Gln Pro
2975 2980 2985
Asp Pro Ala Leu Thr Ser Gly Asp Glu Thr Ser Leu Gly Arg Ala
2990 2995 3000
Gln Arg Gln Arg Lys Gly Ile Leu Lys Asn Arg Leu Gln Tyr Pro
3005 3010 3015
Leu Val Pro Gln Thr Arg Gly Ala Pro Glu Leu Ser Trp Cys Arg
3020 3025 3030
Ala Ala Thr Leu Gly His Arg Ala Val Pro Ala Ala Ser Tyr Gly
3035 3040 3045
Arg Ile Tyr Ala Gly Gly Gly Thr Gly Ser Leu Ser Gln Pro Ala
3050 3055 3060
Ser Arg Tyr Ser Ser Arg Glu Gln Leu Asp Leu Leu Leu Arg Arg
3065 3070 3075
Gln Leu Ser Arg Glu Arg Leu Glu Glu Ala Pro Ala Pro Val Leu
3080 3085 3090
Arg Pro Leu Ser Arg Pro Gly Ser Gln Glu Cys Met Asp Ala Ala
3095 3100 3105
Pro Gly Arg Leu Glu Pro Lys Asp Arg Gly Ser Thr Leu Pro Arg
3110 3115 3120
Arg Gln Pro Pro Arg Asp Tyr Pro Gly Ala Met Ala Gly Arg Phe
3125 3130 3135
Gly Ser Arg Asp Ala Leu Asp Leu Gly Ala Pro Arg Glu Trp Leu
3140 3145 3150
Ser Thr Leu Pro Pro Pro Arg Arg Thr Arg Asp Leu Asp Pro Gln
3155 3160 3165
Pro Pro Pro Leu Pro Leu Ser Pro Gln Arg Gln Leu Ser Arg Asp
3170 3175 3180
Pro Leu Leu Pro Ser Arg Pro Leu Asp Ser Leu Ser Arg Ser Ser
3185 3190 3195
Asn Ser Arg Glu Gln Leu Asp Gln Val Pro Ser Arg His Pro Ser
3200 3205 3210
Arg Glu Ala Leu Gly Pro Leu Pro Gln Leu Leu Arg Ala Arg Glu
3215 3220 3225
Asp Ser Val Ser Gly Pro Ser His Gly Pro Ser Thr Glu Gln Leu
3230 3235 3240
Asp Ile Leu Ser Ser Ile Leu Ala Ser Phe Asn Ser Ser Ala Leu
3245 3250 3255
Ser Ser Val Gln Ser Ser Ser Thr Pro Leu Gly Pro His Thr Thr
3260 3265 3270
Ala Thr Pro Ser Ala Thr Ala Ser Val Leu Gly Pro Ser Thr Pro
3275 3280 3285
Arg Ser Ala Thr Ser His Ser Ile Ser Glu Leu Ser Pro Asp Ser
3290 3295 3300
Glu Val Pro Arg Ser Glu Gly His Ser
3305 3310
<210> 31
<211> 565
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 31
Met Arg Pro Arg Ser Ala Leu Pro Arg Leu Leu Leu Pro Leu Leu Leu
1 5 10 15
Leu Pro Ala Ala Gly Pro Ala Gln Phe His Gly Glu Lys Gly Ile Ser
20 25 30
Ile Pro Asp His Gly Phe Cys Gln Pro Ile Ser Ile Pro Leu Cys Thr
35 40 45
Asp Ile Ala Tyr Asn Gln Thr Ile Met Pro Asn Leu Leu Gly His Thr
50 55 60
Asn Gln Glu Asp Ala Gly Leu Glu Val His Gln Phe Tyr Pro Leu Val
65 70 75 80
Lys Val Gln Cys Ser Pro Glu Leu Arg Phe Phe Leu Cys Ser Met Tyr
85 90 95
Ala Pro Val Cys Thr Val Leu Glu Gln Ala Ile Pro Pro Cys Arg Ser
100 105 110
Ile Cys Glu Arg Ala Arg Gln Gly Cys Glu Ala Leu Met Asn Lys Phe
115 120 125
Gly Phe Gln Trp Pro Glu Arg Leu Arg Cys Glu His Phe Pro Arg His
130 135 140
Gly Ala Glu Gln Ile Cys Val Gly Gln Asn His Ser Glu Asp Gly Ala
145 150 155 160
Pro Ala Leu Leu Thr Thr Ala Pro Pro Pro Gly Leu Gln Pro Gly Ala
165 170 175
Gly Gly Thr Pro Gly Gly Pro Gly Gly Gly Gly Ala Pro Pro Arg Tyr
180 185 190
Ala Thr Leu Glu His Pro Phe His Cys Pro Arg Val Leu Lys Val Pro
195 200 205
Ser Tyr Leu Ser Tyr Lys Phe Leu Gly Glu Arg Asp Cys Ala Ala Pro
210 215 220
Cys Glu Pro Ala Arg Pro Asp Gly Ser Met Phe Phe Ser Gln Glu Glu
225 230 235 240
Thr Arg Phe Ala Arg Leu Trp Ile Leu Thr Trp Ser Val Leu Cys Cys
245 250 255
Ala Ser Thr Phe Phe Thr Val Thr Thr Tyr Leu Val Asp Met Gln Arg
260 265 270
Phe Arg Tyr Pro Glu Arg Pro Ile Ile Phe Leu Ser Gly Cys Tyr Thr
275 280 285
Met Val Ser Val Ala Tyr Ile Ala Gly Phe Val Leu Gln Glu Arg Val
290 295 300
Val Cys Asn Glu Arg Phe Ser Glu Asp Gly Tyr Arg Thr Val Val Gln
305 310 315 320
Gly Thr Lys Lys Glu Gly Cys Thr Ile Leu Phe Met Met Leu Tyr Phe
325 330 335
Phe Ser Met Ala Ser Ser Ile Trp Trp Val Ile Leu Ser Leu Thr Trp
340 345 350
Phe Leu Ala Ala Gly Met Lys Trp Gly His Glu Ala Ile Glu Ala Asn
355 360 365
Ser Gln Tyr Phe His Leu Ala Ala Trp Ala Val Pro Ala Val Lys Thr
370 375 380
Ile Thr Ile Leu Ala Met Gly Gln Ile Asp Gly Asp Leu Leu Ser Gly
385 390 395 400
Val Cys Phe Val Gly Leu Asn Ser Leu Asp Pro Leu Arg Gly Phe Val
405 410 415
Leu Ala Pro Leu Phe Val Tyr Leu Phe Ile Gly Thr Ser Phe Leu Leu
420 425 430
Ala Gly Phe Val Ser Leu Phe Arg Ile Arg Thr Ile Met Lys His Asp
435 440 445
Gly Thr Lys Thr Glu Lys Leu Glu Arg Leu Met Val Arg Ile Gly Val
450 455 460
Phe Ser Val Leu Tyr Thr Val Pro Ala Thr Ile Val Ile Ala Cys Tyr
465 470 475 480
Phe Tyr Glu Gln Ala Phe Arg Glu His Trp Glu Arg Ser Trp Val Ser
485 490 495
Gln His Cys Lys Ser Leu Ala Ile Pro Cys Pro Ala His Tyr Thr Pro
500 505 510
Arg Met Ser Pro Asp Phe Thr Val Tyr Met Ile Lys Tyr Leu Met Thr
515 520 525
Leu Ile Val Gly Ile Thr Ser Gly Phe Trp Ile Trp Ser Gly Lys Thr
530 535 540
Leu His Ser Trp Arg Lys Phe Tyr Thr Arg Leu Thr Asn Ser Arg His
545 550 555 560
Gly Glu Thr Thr Val
565
<210> 32
<211> 524
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 32
Met Asp Thr Glu Ser Thr Tyr Ser Gly Tyr Ser Tyr Tyr Ser Ser His
1 5 10 15
Ser Lys Lys Ser His Arg Gln Gly Glu Arg Thr Arg Glu Arg His Lys
20 25 30
Ser Pro Arg Asn Lys Asp Gly Arg Gly Ser Glu Lys Ser Val Thr Ile
35 40 45
Gln Pro Pro Thr Gly Glu Pro Leu Leu Gly Asn Asp Ser Thr Arg Thr
50 55 60
Glu Glu Val Gln Asp Asp Asn Trp Gly Glu Thr Thr Thr Ala Ile Thr
65 70 75 80
Gly Thr Ser Glu His Ser Ile Ser Gln Glu Asp Ile Ala Arg Ile Ser
85 90 95
Lys Asp Met Glu Asp Ser Val Gly Leu Asp Cys Lys Arg Tyr Leu Gly
100 105 110
Leu Thr Val Ala Ser Phe Leu Gly Leu Leu Val Phe Leu Thr Pro Ile
115 120 125
Ala Phe Ile Leu Leu Pro Pro Ile Leu Trp Arg Asp Glu Leu Glu Pro
130 135 140
Cys Gly Thr Ile Cys Glu Gly Leu Phe Ile Ser Met Ala Phe Lys Leu
145 150 155 160
Leu Ile Leu Leu Ile Gly Thr Trp Ala Leu Phe Phe Arg Lys Arg Arg
165 170 175
Ala Asp Met Pro Arg Val Phe Val Phe Arg Ala Leu Leu Leu Val Leu
180 185 190
Ile Phe Leu Phe Val Val Ser Tyr Trp Leu Phe Tyr Gly Val Arg Ile
195 200 205
Leu Asp Ser Arg Asp Arg Asn Tyr Gln Gly Ile Val Gln Tyr Ala Val
210 215 220
Ser Leu Val Asp Ala Leu Leu Phe Ile His Tyr Leu Ala Ile Val Leu
225 230 235 240
Leu Glu Leu Arg Gln Leu Gln Pro Met Phe Thr Leu Gln Val Val Arg
245 250 255
Ser Thr Asp Gly Glu Ser Arg Phe Tyr Ser Leu Gly His Leu Ser Ile
260 265 270
Gln Arg Ala Ala Leu Val Val Leu Glu Asn Tyr Tyr Lys Asp Phe Thr
275 280 285
Ile Tyr Asn Pro Asn Leu Leu Thr Ala Ser Lys Phe Arg Ala Ala Lys
290 295 300
His Met Ala Gly Leu Lys Val Tyr Asn Val Asp Gly Pro Ser Asn Asn
305 310 315 320
Ala Thr Gly Gln Ser Arg Ala Met Ile Ala Ala Ala Ala Arg Arg Arg
325 330 335
Asp Ser Ser His Asn Glu Leu Tyr Tyr Glu Glu Ala Glu His Glu Arg
340 345 350
Arg Val Lys Lys Arg Lys Ala Arg Leu Val Val Ala Val Glu Glu Ala
355 360 365
Phe Ile His Ile Gln Arg Leu Gln Ala Glu Glu Gln Gln Lys Ala Pro
370 375 380
Gly Glu Val Met Asp Pro Arg Glu Ala Ala Gln Ala Ile Phe Pro Ser
385 390 395 400
Met Ala Arg Ala Leu Gln Lys Tyr Leu Arg Ile Thr Arg Gln Gln Asn
405 410 415
Tyr His Ser Met Glu Ser Ile Leu Gln His Leu Ala Phe Cys Ile Thr
420 425 430
Asn Gly Met Thr Pro Lys Ala Phe Leu Glu Arg Tyr Leu Ser Ala Gly
435 440 445
Pro Thr Leu Gln Tyr Asp Lys Asp Arg Trp Leu Ser Thr Gln Trp Arg
450 455 460
Leu Val Ser Asp Glu Ala Val Thr Asn Gly Leu Arg Asp Gly Ile Val
465 470 475 480
Phe Val Leu Lys Cys Leu Asp Phe Ser Leu Val Val Asn Val Lys Lys
485 490 495
Ile Pro Phe Ile Ile Leu Ser Glu Glu Phe Ile Asp Pro Lys Ser His
500 505 510
Lys Phe Val Leu Arg Leu Gln Ser Glu Thr Ser Val
515 520
<210> 33
<211> 521
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 33
Met Asp Thr Glu Ser Gln Tyr Ser Gly Tyr Ser Tyr Lys Ser Gly His
1 5 10 15
Ser Arg Ser Ser Arg Lys His Arg Asp Arg Arg Asp Arg His Arg Ser
20 25 30
Lys Ser Arg Asp Gly Gly Arg Gly Asp Lys Ser Val Thr Ile Gln Ala
35 40 45
Pro Gly Glu Pro Leu Leu Asp Asn Glu Ser Thr Arg Gly Asp Glu Arg
50 55 60
Asp Asp Asn Trp Gly Glu Thr Thr Thr Val Val Thr Gly Thr Ser Glu
65 70 75 80
His Ser Ile Ser His Asp Asp Leu Thr Arg Ile Ala Lys Asp Met Glu
85 90 95
Asp Ser Val Pro Leu Asp Cys Ser Arg His Leu Gly Val Ala Ala Gly
100 105 110
Ala Thr Leu Ala Leu Leu Ser Phe Leu Thr Pro Leu Ala Phe Leu Leu
115 120 125
Leu Pro Pro Leu Leu Trp Arg Glu Glu Leu Glu Pro Cys Gly Thr Ala
130 135 140
Cys Glu Gly Leu Phe Ile Ser Val Ala Phe Lys Leu Leu Ile Leu Leu
145 150 155 160
Leu Gly Ser Trp Ala Leu Phe Phe Arg Arg Pro Lys Ala Ser Leu Pro
165 170 175
Arg Val Phe Val Leu Arg Ala Leu Leu Met Val Leu Val Phe Leu Leu
180 185 190
Val Val Ser Tyr Trp Leu Phe Tyr Gly Val Arg Ile Leu Asp Ala Arg
195 200 205
Glu Arg Ser Tyr Gln Gly Val Val Gln Phe Ala Val Ser Leu Val Asp
210 215 220
Ala Leu Leu Phe Val His Tyr Leu Ala Val Val Leu Leu Glu Leu Arg
225 230 235 240
Gln Leu Gln Pro Gln Phe Thr Leu Lys Val Val Arg Ser Thr Asp Gly
245 250 255
Ala Ser Arg Phe Tyr Asn Val Gly His Leu Ser Ile Gln Arg Val Ala
260 265 270
Val Trp Ile Leu Glu Lys Tyr Tyr His Asp Phe Pro Val Tyr Asn Pro
275 280 285
Ala Leu Leu Asn Leu Pro Lys Ser Val Leu Ala Lys Lys Val Ser Gly
290 295 300
Phe Lys Val Tyr Ser Leu Gly Glu Glu Asn Ser Thr Asn Asn Ser Thr
305 310 315 320
Gly Gln Ser Arg Ala Val Ile Ala Ala Ala Ala Arg Arg Arg Asp Asn
325 330 335
Ser His Asn Glu Tyr Tyr Tyr Glu Glu Ala Glu His Glu Arg Arg Val
340 345 350
Arg Lys Arg Arg Ala Arg Leu Val Val Ala Val Glu Glu Ala Phe Thr
355 360 365
His Ile Lys Arg Leu Gln Glu Glu Glu Gln Lys Asn Pro Arg Glu Val
370 375 380
Met Asp Pro Arg Glu Ala Ala Gln Ala Ile Phe Ala Ser Met Ala Arg
385 390 395 400
Ala Met Gln Lys Tyr Leu Arg Thr Thr Lys Gln Gln Pro Tyr His Thr
405 410 415
Met Glu Ser Ile Leu Gln His Leu Glu Phe Cys Ile Thr His Asp Met
420 425 430
Thr Pro Lys Ala Phe Leu Glu Arg Tyr Leu Ala Ala Gly Pro Thr Ile
435 440 445
Gln Tyr His Lys Glu Arg Trp Leu Ala Lys Gln Trp Thr Leu Val Ser
450 455 460
Glu Glu Pro Val Thr Asn Gly Leu Lys Asp Gly Ile Val Phe Leu Leu
465 470 475 480
Lys Arg Gln Asp Phe Ser Leu Val Val Ser Thr Lys Lys Val Pro Phe
485 490 495
Phe Lys Leu Ser Glu Glu Phe Val Asp Pro Lys Ser His Lys Phe Val
500 505 510
Met Arg Leu Gln Ser Glu Thr Ser Val
515 520
<210> 34
<211> 610
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 34
Met Arg Gly Ala Ala Arg Leu Gly Arg Pro Gly Arg Ser Cys Leu Pro
1 5 10 15
Gly Ala Arg Gly Leu Arg Ala Pro Pro Pro Pro Pro Leu Leu Leu Leu
20 25 30
Leu Ala Leu Leu Pro Leu Leu Pro Ala Pro Gly Ala Ala Ala Ala Pro
35 40 45
Ala Pro Arg Pro Pro Glu Leu Gln Ser Ala Ser Ala Gly Pro Ser Val
50 55 60
Ser Leu Tyr Leu Ser Glu Asp Glu Val Arg Arg Leu Ile Gly Leu Asp
65 70 75 80
Ala Glu Leu Tyr Tyr Val Arg Asn Asp Leu Ile Ser His Tyr Ala Leu
85 90 95
Ser Phe Ser Leu Leu Val Pro Ser Glu Thr Asn Phe Leu His Phe Thr
100 105 110
Trp His Ala Lys Ser Lys Val Glu Tyr Lys Leu Gly Phe Gln Val Asp
115 120 125
Asn Val Leu Ala Met Asp Met Pro Gln Val Asn Ile Ser Val Gln Gly
130 135 140
Glu Val Pro Arg Thr Leu Ser Val Phe Arg Val Glu Leu Ser Cys Thr
145 150 155 160
Gly Lys Val Asp Ser Glu Val Met Ile Leu Met Gln Leu Asn Leu Thr
165 170 175
Val Asn Ser Ser Lys Asn Phe Thr Val Leu Asn Phe Lys Arg Arg Lys
180 185 190
Met Cys Tyr Lys Lys Leu Glu Glu Val Lys Thr Ser Ala Leu Asp Lys
195 200 205
Asn Thr Ser Arg Thr Ile Tyr Asp Pro Val His Ala Ala Pro Thr Thr
210 215 220
Ser Thr Arg Val Phe Tyr Ile Ser Val Gly Val Cys Cys Ala Val Ile
225 230 235 240
Phe Leu Val Ala Ile Ile Leu Ala Val Leu His Leu His Ser Met Lys
245 250 255
Arg Ile Glu Leu Asp Asp Ser Ile Ser Ala Ser Ser Ser Ser Gln Gly
260 265 270
Leu Ser Gln Pro Ser Thr Gln Thr Thr Gln Tyr Leu Arg Ala Asp Thr
275 280 285
Pro Asn Asn Ala Thr Pro Ile Thr Ser Ser Leu Gly Tyr Pro Thr Leu
290 295 300
Arg Ile Glu Lys Asn Asp Leu Arg Ser Val Thr Leu Leu Glu Ala Lys
305 310 315 320
Gly Lys Val Lys Asp Ile Ala Ile Ser Arg Glu Arg Ile Thr Leu Lys
325 330 335
Asp Val Leu Gln Glu Gly Thr Phe Gly Arg Ile Phe His Gly Ile Leu
340 345 350
Ile Asp Glu Lys Asp Pro Asn Lys Glu Lys Gln Ala Phe Val Lys Thr
355 360 365
Val Lys Asp Gln Ala Ser Glu Ile Gln Val Thr Met Met Leu Thr Glu
370 375 380
Ser Cys Lys Leu Arg Gly Leu His His Arg Asn Leu Leu Pro Ile Thr
385 390 395 400
His Val Cys Ile Glu Glu Gly Glu Lys Pro Met Val Ile Leu Pro Tyr
405 410 415
Met Asn Trp Gly Asn Leu Lys Leu Phe Leu Arg Gln Cys Lys Leu Val
420 425 430
Glu Ala Asn Asn Pro Gln Ala Ile Ser Gln Gln Asp Leu Val His Met
435 440 445
Ala Ile Gln Ile Ala Cys Gly Met Ser Tyr Leu Ala Arg Arg Glu Val
450 455 460
Ile His Lys Asp Leu Ala Ala Arg Asn Cys Val Ile Asp Asp Thr Leu
465 470 475 480
Gln Val Lys Ile Thr Asp Asn Ala Leu Ser Arg Asp Leu Phe Pro Met
485 490 495
Asp Tyr His Cys Leu Gly Asp Asn Glu Asn Arg Pro Val Arg Trp Met
500 505 510
Ala Leu Glu Ser Leu Val Asn Asn Glu Phe Ser Ser Ala Ser Asp Val
515 520 525
Trp Ala Phe Gly Val Thr Leu Trp Glu Leu Met Thr Leu Gly Gln Thr
530 535 540
Pro Tyr Val Asp Ile Asp Pro Phe Glu Met Ala Ala Tyr Leu Lys Asp
545 550 555 560
Gly Tyr Arg Ile Ala Gln Pro Ile Asn Cys Pro Asp Glu Leu Phe Ala
565 570 575
Val Met Ala Cys Cys Trp Ala Leu Asp Pro Glu Glu Arg Pro Lys Phe
580 585 590
Gln Gln Leu Val Gln Cys Leu Thr Glu Phe His Ala Ala Leu Gly Ala
595 600 605
Tyr Val
610
<210> 35
<211> 205
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 35
Val Ala Ala Arg Ser Phe Pro Pro Ser Ser Phe Val Met Phe Arg Gly
1 5 10 15
Leu Arg Gln Arg Phe His Leu Thr Leu Ser Leu Ser Phe Ala Thr Val
20 25 30
Gln Gln Ser Gly Leu Leu Phe Tyr Asn Gly Arg Leu Asn Glu Lys His
35 40 45
Asp Phe Leu Ala Leu Glu Leu Val Ala Gly Gln Val Arg Leu Thr Tyr
50 55 60
Ser Thr Gly Glu Ser Asn Thr Val Val Ser Pro Thr Val Pro Gly Gly
65 70 75 80
Leu Ser Asp Gly Gln Trp His Thr Val His Leu Arg Tyr Tyr Asn Lys
85 90 95
Pro Arg Thr Asp Ala Leu Gly Gly Ala Gln Gly Pro Ser Lys Asp Lys
100 105 110
Val Ala Val Leu Ser Val Asp Asp Cys Asp Val Ala Val Ala Leu Gln
115 120 125
Phe Gly Ala Glu Ile Gly Asn Tyr Ser Cys Ala Ala Ala Gly Val Gln
130 135 140
Thr Ser Ser Lys Lys Ser Leu Asp Leu Thr Gly Pro Leu Leu Leu Gly
145 150 155 160
Gly Val Pro Asn Leu Pro Glu Asn Phe Pro Val Ser His Lys Asp Phe
165 170 175
Ile Gly Cys Met Arg Asp Leu His Ile Asp Gly Arg Arg Val Asp Met
180 185 190
Ala Ala Phe Val Ala Asn Asn Gly Thr Met Ala Gly Cys
195 200 205
<210> 36
<211> 204
<212> PRT
<213> 小鼠
<400> 36
Val Ala Ala Arg Ser Phe Pro Pro Ser Ser Phe Val Met Phe Arg Gly
1 5 10 15
Leu Arg Gln Arg Phe His Leu Thr Leu Ser Leu Ser Phe Ala Thr Val
20 25 30
Gln Pro Ser Gly Leu Leu Phe Tyr Asn Gly Arg Leu Asn Glu Lys His
35 40 45
Asp Phe Leu Ala Leu Glu Leu Val Ala Gly Gln Val Arg Leu Thr Tyr
50 55 60
Ser Thr Gly Glu Ser Asn Thr Val Val Ser Pro Thr Val Pro Gly Gly
65 70 75 80
Leu Ser Asp Gly Gln Trp His Thr Val His Leu Arg Tyr Tyr Asn Lys
85 90 95
Pro Arg Thr Asp Ala Leu Gly Gly Ala Gln Gly Pro Ser Lys Asp Lys
100 105 110
Val Ala Val Leu Ser Val Asp Asp Cys Asn Val Ala Val Ala Leu Gln
115 120 125
Phe Gly Ala Glu Ile Gly Asn Tyr Ser Cys Met Ala Gly Val Gln Thr
130 135 140
Ser Ser Lys Lys Ser Leu Asp Leu Thr Gly Pro Leu Leu Leu Gly Gly
145 150 155 160
Val Pro Asn Leu Pro Glu Asn Phe Pro Val Ser His Lys Asp Phe Ile
165 170 175
Gly Cys Met Arg Asp Leu His Ile Asp Gly Arg Arg Met Asp Met Ala
180 185 190
Ala Phe Val Ala Asn Asn Gly Thr Met Ala Gly Cys
195 200
<210> 37
<211> 33
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 37
His Arg Met Asp Gln Gln Cys Pro Arg Gly Trp Trp Gly Ser Pro Thr
1 5 10 15
Cys Gly Pro Cys Asn Cys Asp Val His Lys Gly Phe Asp Pro Asn Cys
20 25 30
Asn
<210> 38
<211> 40
<212> PRT
<213> 小鼠
<400> 38
Tyr Phe Gly Gln His Cys Glu His Arg Val Asp Gln Gln Cys Pro Arg
1 5 10 15
Gly Trp Trp Gly Ser Pro Thr Cys Gly Pro Cys Asn Cys Asp Val His
20 25 30
Lys Gly Phe Asp Pro Asn Cys Asn
35 40
<210> 39
<211> 36
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 39
Thr Asn Gly Gln Cys His Cys Lys Glu Phe His Tyr Arg Pro Arg Gly
1 5 10 15
Ser Asp Ser Cys Leu Pro Cys Asp Cys Tyr Pro Val Gly Ser Thr Ser
20 25 30
Arg Ser Cys Ala
35
<210> 40
<211> 330
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 40
Ala Ser Thr Lys Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Pro Leu Ala Pro Ser Ser Lys
1 5 10 15
Ser Thr Ser Gly Gly Thr Ala Ala Leu Gly Cys Leu Val Lys Asp Tyr
20 25 30
Phe Pro Glu Pro Val Thr Val Ser Trp Asn Ser Gly Ala Leu Thr Ser
35 40 45
Gly Val His Thr Phe Pro Ala Val Leu Gln Ser Ser Gly Leu Tyr Ser
50 55 60
Leu Ser Ser Val Val Thr Val Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Gly Thr Gln Thr
65 70 75 80
Tyr Ile Cys Asn Val Asn His Lys Pro Ser Asn Thr Lys Val Asp Lys
85 90 95
Lys Val Glu Pro Lys Ser Cys Asp Lys Thr His Thr Cys Pro Pro Cys
100 105 110
Pro Ala Pro Glu Leu Leu Gly Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Leu Phe Pro Pro
115 120 125
Lys Pro Lys Asp Thr Leu Met Ile Ser Arg Thr Pro Glu Val Thr Cys
130 135 140
Val Val Val Asp Val Ser His Glu Asp Pro Glu Val Lys Phe Asn Trp
145 150 155 160
Tyr Val Asp Gly Val Glu Val His Asn Ala Lys Thr Lys Pro Arg Glu
165 170 175
Glu Gln Tyr Asn Ser Thr Tyr Arg Val Val Ser Val Leu Thr Val Leu
180 185 190
His Gln Asp Trp Leu Asn Gly Lys Glu Tyr Lys Cys Lys Val Ser Asn
195 200 205
Lys Ala Leu Pro Ala Pro Ile Glu Lys Thr Ile Ser Lys Ala Lys Gly
210 215 220
Gln Pro Arg Glu Pro Gln Val Tyr Thr Leu Pro Pro Ser Arg Asp Glu
225 230 235 240
Leu Thr Lys Asn Gln Val Ser Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Lys Gly Phe Tyr
245 250 255
Pro Ser Asp Ile Ala Val Glu Trp Glu Ser Asn Gly Gln Pro Glu Asn
260 265 270
Asn Tyr Lys Thr Thr Pro Pro Val Leu Asp Ser Asp Gly Ser Phe Phe
275 280 285
Leu Tyr Ser Lys Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Arg Trp Gln Gln Gly Asn
290 295 300
Val Phe Ser Cys Ser Val Met His Glu Ala Leu His Asn His Tyr Thr
305 310 315 320
Gln Lys Ser Leu Ser Leu Ser Pro Gly Lys
325 330
<210> 41
<211> 327
<212> PRT
<213> 智人
<400> 41
Ala Ser Thr Lys Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Pro Leu Ala Pro Cys Ser Arg
1 5 10 15
Ser Thr Ser Glu Ser Thr Ala Ala Leu Gly Cys Leu Val Lys Asp Tyr
20 25 30
Phe Pro Glu Pro Val Thr Val Ser Trp Asn Ser Gly Ala Leu Thr Ser
35 40 45
Gly Val His Thr Phe Pro Ala Val Leu Gln Ser Ser Gly Leu Tyr Ser
50 55 60
Leu Ser Ser Val Val Thr Val Pro Ser Ser Ser Leu Gly Thr Lys Thr
65 70 75 80
Tyr Thr Cys Asn Val Asp His Lys Pro Ser Asn Thr Lys Val Asp Lys
85 90 95
Arg Val Glu Ser Lys Tyr Gly Pro Pro Cys Pro Ser Cys Pro Ala Pro
100 105 110
Glu Phe Leu Gly Gly Pro Ser Val Phe Leu Phe Pro Pro Lys Pro Lys
115 120 125
Asp Thr Leu Met Ile Ser Arg Thr Pro Glu Val Thr Cys Val Val Val
130 135 140
Asp Val Ser Gln Glu Asp Pro Glu Val Gln Phe Asn Trp Tyr Val Asp
145 150 155 160
Gly Val Glu Val His Asn Ala Lys Thr Lys Pro Arg Glu Glu Gln Phe
165 170 175
Asn Ser Thr Tyr Arg Val Val Ser Val Leu Thr Val Leu His Gln Asp
180 185 190
Trp Leu Asn Gly Lys Glu Tyr Lys Cys Lys Val Ser Asn Lys Gly Leu
195 200 205
Pro Ser Ser Ile Glu Lys Thr Ile Ser Lys Ala Lys Gly Gln Pro Arg
210 215 220
Glu Pro Gln Val Tyr Thr Leu Pro Pro Ser Gln Glu Glu Met Thr Lys
225 230 235 240
Asn Gln Val Ser Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Lys Gly Phe Tyr Pro Ser Asp
245 250 255
Ile Ala Val Glu Trp Glu Ser Asn Gly Gln Pro Glu Asn Asn Tyr Lys
260 265 270
Thr Thr Pro Pro Val Leu Asp Ser Asp Gly Ser Phe Phe Leu Tyr Ser
275 280 285
Arg Leu Thr Val Asp Lys Ser Arg Trp Gln Glu Gly Asn Val Phe Ser
290 295 300
Cys Ser Val Met His Glu Ala Leu His Asn His Tyr Thr Gln Lys Ser
305 310 315 320
Leu Ser Leu Ser Pro Gly Lys
325
Claims (139)
1.一种用于减少或预防神经元群体中β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)诱导的突触损失的方法,其包含使神经元与有效量的阻断Aβ与Celsr结合的Aβ抑制剂接触。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7、EGF8和/或层粘连蛋白G1结构域。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的层粘连蛋白G1结构域。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Aβ是低聚Aβ。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Aβ抑制剂是抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述抗体或抗原结合片段结合Celsr的EGF7、EGF8或层粘连蛋白G1结构域中的表位。
7.根据权利要求5或6所述的方法,其中所述抗Celsr抗体特异性结合Celsr。
8.根据权利要求4至7中任一项所述的方法,其中所述抗Celsr抗体优先结合Celsr3而不是Celsr2。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述Aβ抑制剂与Celsr3竞争结合Aβ。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述Aβ抑制剂包含Celsr3肽。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中所述Celsr3肽包含(a)Celsr的一个或多个层粘连蛋白Gl结构域或其功能变体、(b)Celsr的一个或多个EGF7结构域或其功能变体、(c)Celsr的一个或多个EGF8结构域或其功能变体、(d)Celsr的一个或多个细胞外结构域或其功能变体、或者(e)(a)至(d)的任何组合。
12.根据权利要求9或10所述的方法,其中所述Aβ抑制剂包含与免疫球蛋白Fc区融合的Celsr3肽。
13.根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Celsr3肽包含具有如SEQ IDNO: 35或SEQ ID NO: 36中列出的氨基酸序列的Celsr的层粘连蛋白G1结构域或其功能变体。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述功能变体具有与SEQ ID NO: 35或SEQ IDNO: 36具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的氨基酸序列。
15.根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Celsr3肽包含具有如SEQ IDNO: 37或SEQ ID NO: 38中列出的氨基酸序列的Celsr的EGF7结构域或其功能变体。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中所述功能变体具有与SEQ ID NO: 37或SEQ IDNO: 38具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的氨基酸序列。
17.根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Celsr3肽包含具有如SEQ IDNO: 39中列出的氨基酸序列的Celsr的EGF8结构域或其功能变体。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法,其中所述功能变体具有与SEQ ID NO: 39具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的氨基酸序列。
19.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中所述Aβ抑制剂是结合Aβ的抗体或抗原结合片段。
20.根据权利要求1至18中任一项所述的方法,其中所述方法进一步包含使所述神经元群体与Ryk抑制剂接触。
21.根据权利要求1至20中任一项所述的方法,其中所述方法进一步包含使所述神经元群体与Vangl抑制剂接触。
22.根据权利要求1至21中任一项所述的方法,其中所述方法进一步包含使所述神经元群体与Celsr激动剂接触。
23.根据权利要求1至22中任一项所述的方法,其中所述方法进一步包含使所述神经元群体与Frizzled激动剂接触。
24.一种调控神经元群体中突触的形成的方法,其包含调控一种或多种平面细胞极性(PCP)信号传导通路组分和/或一种或多种非经典Wnt信号传导通路组分。
25.一种调控神经元群体中突触的维持的方法,其包含调控一种或多种平面细胞极性(PCP)信号传导通路组分和/或一种或多种非经典Wnt信号传导通路组分。
26.根据权利要求24或25所述的方法,其中所述PCP信号传导通路组分选自Celsr、Frizzled和Vangl。
27.根据权利要求24至26中任一项所述的方法,其中所述非经典Wnt信号传导通路组分是Ryk。
28.根据权利要求24至26中任一项所述的方法,其中调控的步骤包含使神经元与Ryk抑制剂接触。
29.根据权利要求24至28中任一项所述的方法,其中调控的步骤包含使神经元与Vangl抑制剂接触。
30.根据权利要求24至29中任一项所述的方法,其中调控的步骤包含使神经元与Celsr激动剂接触。
31.根据权利要求24至30中任一项所述的方法,其中调控的步骤包含使神经元与Frizzled激动剂接触。
32.根据权利要求20或28所述的方法,其中所述Ryk抑制剂减少或抑制Ryk与Wnt结合。
33.根据权利要求20、28或32所述的方法,其中所述Ryk抑制剂是抗Ryk抗体或其抗原结合片段。
34.根据权利要求20或28所述的方法,其中所述Ryk抑制剂抑制或减少神经元中Ryk表达。
35.根据权利要求21或29所述的方法,其中所述Vangl抑制剂减少或抑制神经元中Vangl的表达。
36.根据权利要求21或29所述的方法,其中所述Vangl抑制剂减少或抑制Vangl与(a)Celsr、(b)Frizzled和/或(c)包含Celsr和Frizzled的复合物的结合。
37.根据权利要求21或29所述的方法,其中所述Vangl抑制剂减少或抑制Vangl破坏在突触的突触前膜和突触后膜处由Celsr形成的细胞内复合物。
38.根据权利要求22或30所述的方法,其中所述Celsr激动剂在神经元中(a)增加Celsr表达、(b)减少位于神经元的突触部位的Celsr的内吞作用和/或(c)增加Celsr到突触部位的运输。
39.根据权利要求23或31所述的方法,其中所述Frizzled激动剂在神经元中(a)增加Frizzled表达、(b)减少位于神经元的突触部位的Frizzled的内吞作用和/或(c)增加Frizzled到突触部位的运输。
40.根据权利要求1至39中任一项所述的方法,其中所述神经元群体在对象中,并且其中任何接触步骤通过向所述对象施用(a)Aβ抑制剂、(b)Ryk抑制剂、(c)Vangl抑制剂、(d)Celsr激动剂和/或(e)Frizzled激动剂进行。
41.根据权利要求40所述的方法,其中所述神经元群体在所述对象的脑中。
42.根据权利要求40或41所述的方法,其中所述对象患有或有风险发展神经退行性疾病。
43.一种控制、预防或治疗对象中神经退行性疾病的方法,其包含向所述对象施用治疗有效量的阻断Aβ与Celsr结合的β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)抑制剂。
44.根据权利要求43所述的方法,其中所述Aβ抑制剂与Aβ竞争结合Celsr的EGF7、EGF8和/或层粘连蛋白G1结构域。
45.根据权利要求43或44所述的方法,其中所述Aβ是低聚Aβ。
46.根据权利要求43至45中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Aβ抑制剂是抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。
47.根据权利要求46所述的方法,其中所述抗体或抗原结合片段结合Celsr的EGF7、EGF8或层粘连蛋白G1结构域中的表位。
48.根据权利要求46或47所述的方法,其中所述抗Celsr抗体特异性结合Celsr3。
49.根据权利要求46至48中任一项所述的方法,其中所述抗Celsr抗体优先结合Celsr3而不是Celsr2。
50.根据权利要求43所述的方法,其中所述Aβ抑制剂与Celsr3竞争结合Aβ。
51.根据权利要求50所述的方法,其中所述Aβ抑制剂包含Celsr3肽。
52.根据权利要求51所述的方法,其中所述Celsr3肽包含(a)Celsr的一个或多个层粘连蛋白G1结构域或其功能变体、(b)Celsr的一个或多个EGF7结构域或其功能变体、(c)Celsr的一个或多个EGF8结构域或其功能变体、(d)Celsr的一个或多个细胞外结构域或其功能变体、或者(e)(a)至(d)的任何组合。
53.根据权利要求50或51所述的方法,其中所述Aβ抑制剂包含与免疫球蛋白Fc区融合的Celsr3肽。
54.根据权利要求51至53中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Celsr3肽包含具有如SEQ IDNO: 35或SEQ ID NO: 36中列出的氨基酸序列的Celsr的层粘连蛋白G1结构域或其功能变体。
55.根据权利要求54所述的方法,其中所述功能变体具有与SEQ ID NO: 35或SEQ IDNO: 36具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的氨基酸序列。
56.根据权利要求51至53中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Celsr3肽包含具有如SEQ IDNO: 37或SEQ ID NO: 38中列出的氨基酸序列的Celsr的EGF7结构域或其功能变体。
57.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中所述功能变体具有与SEQ ID NO: 37或SEQ IDNO: 38具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的氨基酸序列。
58.根据权利要求15至53中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Celsr3肽包含具有如SEQ IDNO: 39中列出的氨基酸序列的Celsr的EGF8结构域或其功能变体。
59.根据权利要求17所述的方法,其中所述功能变体具有与SEQ ID NO: 39具有至少约50%、60%、70%、80%、90%、95%或98%序列同源性的氨基酸序列。
60.根据权利要求50所述的方法,其中所述Aβ抑制剂是结合Aβ的抗体或抗原结合片段。
61.根据权利要求43至60中任一项所述的方法,其中所述方法进一步包含向所述对象施用至少一种选自Ryk抑制剂、Vangl抑制剂、Celsr激动剂或Frizzled激动剂的另外的治疗剂。
62.根据权利要求60所述的方法,其中Ryk抑制剂减少或抑制Ryk与Wnt结合。
63.根据权利要求61或62所述的方法,其中所述Ryk抑制剂是抗Ryk抗体或其抗原结合片段。
64.根据权利要求61至63中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Ryk抑制剂抑制或减少神经元中Ryk表达。
65.根据权利要求61至64中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Vangl抑制剂减少或抑制神经元中Vangl的表达。
66.根据权利要求61至65中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Vangl抑制剂减少或抑制Vangl与(a)Celsr、(b)Frizzled和/或(c)包含Celsr和Frizzled的复合物的结合。
67.根据权利要求61至66中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Vangl抑制剂减少或抑制Vangl破坏在突触的突触前膜和突触后膜处由Celsr3形成的细胞内复合物。
68.根据权利要求61至66中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Celsr激动剂在神经元中(a)增加Celsr表达、(b)减少膜相关的Celsr的内吞作用和/或(c)增加Celsr到突触部位的运输。
69.根据权利要求61至68中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Frizzled激动剂在神经元中(a)增加Frizzled表达、(b)减少膜相关的Frizzled的内吞作用和/或(c)增加Frizzled到突触部位的运输。
70.根据权利要求42至69中任一项所述的方法,其中所述神经退行性疾病是阿尔茨海默病或帕金森病。
71.根据权利要求43至70中任一项所述的方法,其中所述对象中神经元群体中突触的数量增加。
72.根据权利要求1至42和71中任一项所述的方法,其中所述神经元群体中包含Celsr和Frizzled的复合物的量增加。
73.根据权利要求72所述的方法,其中所述复合物进一步包含Vangl。
74.根据权利要求72或73所述的方法,其中所述复合物进一步包含Ryk。
75.根据权利要求72至74中任一项所述的方法,其中所述复合物的形成由Celsr的层粘连蛋白G1结构域介导。
76.根据权利要求72至75中任一项所述的方法,其中所述复合物的解离由Vangl介导。
77.根据权利要求72至76中任一项所述的方法,其中所述复合物包含在所述神经元群体的第一神经元中共表达的Celsr和Frizzled。
78.根据权利要求77所述的方法,其中所述复合物进一步包含在所述神经元群体中的第二神经元中表达的Celsr。
79.根据权利要求78所述的方法,其中所述复合物是通过由第一和第二神经元表达的Celsr的细胞外结构域之间的相互作用形成的。
80.根据权利要求79所述的方法,其中所述细胞外结构域是Celsr的层粘连蛋白G1结构域。
81.根据权利要求77至80中任一项所述的方法,其中第一和第二神经元形成突触;并且其中所述复合物位于突触处。
82.根据权利要求81所述的方法,其中所述复合物包含突触前Celsr和突触前Frizzled。
83.根据权利要求81或82所述的方法,其中所述复合物进一步包含突触后Celsr。
84.根据权利要求81至83中任一项所述的方法,其中所述复合物进一步包含突触前Ryk。
85.根据权利要求81至84中任一项所述的方法,其中所述复合物进一步包含突触后Vangl。
86.根据权利要求72至85中任一项所述的方法,其中所述复合物在所述神经元群体中稳定突触。
87.根据权利要求72至86中任一项所述的方法,其中位于突触前部位的Frizzled的量增加。
88.根据权利要求72至87中任一项所述的方法,其中位于突触前部位和/或突触后部位的Celsr的量增加。
89.根据权利要求1至88中任一项所述的方法,其中所述神经元群体中突触的数量增加。
90.根据权利要求89所述的方法,其中所述突触是兴奋性突触。
91.根据权利要求90所述的方法,其中所述突触是谷氨酸能突触。
92.根据权利要求1至42和71至91中任一项所述的方法,其中所述神经元群体包含小脑颗粒神经元、背根神经节神经元、皮质神经元、交感神经元或海马神经元。
93.一种选择突触形成的调节剂或突触维持的调节剂的方法,其包含:
(a)提供包含表达Frizzled和Celsr的第一细胞和表达Vangl的第二细胞的细胞群体;
(b)测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的联系的第一水平;
(c)使候选药剂与所述细胞群体接触;
(d)测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的联系的第二水平;以及
(e)如果联系的第二水平与联系的第一水平不同,选择所述候选药剂作为调节剂。
94.根据权利要求93所述的方法,其中所述细胞群体是神经元群体。
95.根据权利要求93或94所述的方法,其中所述第二细胞进一步表达Celsr。
96.根据权利要求93至95中任一项所述的方法,其中所述第一细胞进一步表达Ryk。
97.根据权利要求93至96中任一项所述的方法,其中测量的步骤包含测量Celsr和Frizzled之间的结合亲和力。
98.根据权利要求93至97中任一项所述的方法,其中测量的步骤包含测量Celsr和Vangl之间的结合亲和力。
99.根据权利要求93至98中任一项所述的方法,其中测量的步骤通过测量所述细胞群体中包含Celsr和Frizzled的复合物的量进行。
100.根据权利要求99所述的方法,其中所述复合物的量通过来自所述细胞群体的Celsr和Frizzled的免疫共沉淀测量。
101.根据权利要求99所述的方法,其中所述复合物的量通过来自所述细胞群体的Celsr和Vangl的免疫共沉淀测量。
102.根据权利要求93至96中任一项所述的方法,其中测量的步骤通过测量细胞中Celsr和Frizzled的共定位水平进行。
103.根据权利要求102所述的方法,其中所述细胞是形成突触的神经元,并且Celsr和Frizzled的共定位是在神经元的突触部位。
104.根据权利要求102或103所述的方法,其中测量共定位水平通过显微镜观察Celsr和Frizzled进行。
105.根据权利要求93至96中任一项所述的方法,其中所述细胞群体是神经元群体,并且其中测量的步骤包含测量神经元中位于突触部位的Celsr的量。
106.根据权利要求93至96中任一项所述的方法,其中所述细胞群体是神经元群体,并且其中测量的步骤包含测量神经元中位于突触部位的Frizzled的量。
107.根据权利要求105或106所述的方法,其中所述测量包含通过显微镜观察Celsr或Frizzled。
108.根据权利要求104或107所述的方法,其中所述测量进一步包含通过显微镜观察突触标记物。
109.根据权利要求93至96中任一项所述的方法,其中所述细胞群体是神经元群体,并且其中测量的步骤通过测量神经元中形成的突触的数量进行。
110.根据权利要求93至109中任一项所述的方法,其中所述候选药剂包含小分子化合物、核酸或肽。
111.根据权利要求110所述的方法,其中所述核酸是microRNA、siRNA或基于CRISPR基因编辑的构建体。
112.根据权利要求93至109中任一项所述的方法,其中所述候选药剂是抗体或其抗原结合片段。
113.根据权利要求93至112中任一项所述的方法,其中所述方法在低聚Aβ存在下进行。
114.根据权利要求93至112中任一项所述的方法,其中所述方法在Wnt存在下进行。
115.根据权利要求93至114中任一项所述的方法,其中细胞的基因组包含Ryk基因的杂合或纯合缺失、失活或敲除。
116.根据权利要求93至115中任一项所述的方法,其中细胞的基因组进一步包含Vangl基因的杂合或纯合缺失、失活或敲除。
117.根据权利要求93至116中任一项所述的方法,其中所述细胞群体在非人类哺乳动物中,并且其中接触的步骤通过将所述候选药剂施用至所述非人类哺乳动物进行。
118.一种选择预防或减少Aβ介导的神经毒性的β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)抑制剂的方法,其包含:
(a)在Aβ存在下使候选药剂与Celsr或Celsr变体接触;以及
(b)如果所述候选药剂减少或抑制Aβ与Celsr或Celsr变体的结合,选择所述候选药剂作为Aβ抑制剂。
119.根据权利要求118所述的方法,其中所述Celsr或Celsr变体在细胞的表面被表达。
120.根据权利要求119所述的方法,其中所述细胞是神经元。
121.根据权利要求119或120所述的方法,其中所述细胞在体外细胞培养物中。
122.根据权利要求119或120所述的方法,其中所述细胞在非人类哺乳动物细胞中。
123.根据权利要求118所述的方法,其中所述Celsr或Celsr变体被固定在固体支持物上。
124.根据权利要求118至123中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Celsr变体包含以下的缺失:
(a)一个或多个Celsr钙粘蛋白结构域;
(b)一个或多个选自EFG1、EFG2、EFG3、EFG4、EFG5和EFG6的Celsr EFG结构域;
(c)一个或多个选自层粘连蛋白G2和层粘连蛋白G3的Celsr层粘连蛋白结构域;或者
(d)(a)至(c)的任何组合。
125.根据权利要求124所述的方法,其中所述Celsr变体基本上由一个或多个选自EFG7、EFG8和层粘连蛋白G1的Celsr的细胞外结构域组成。
126.根据权利要求118至125中任一项所述的方法,其中所述Aβ是包含约2-5个Aβ单体的低聚Aβ。
127.根据权利要求118至126中任一项所述的方法,其中所述候选药剂包含小分子化合物、核酸或肽。
128.根据权利要求118至126中任一项所述的方法,其中所述候选药剂包含抗Celsr抗体或其抗原结合片段。
129.根据权利要求128所述的方法,其中所述抗体或抗原结合片段与Celsr的EFG7、EFG8或层粘连蛋白G1结构域中的表位结合。
130.根据权利要求118至126中任一项所述的方法,其中所述候选药剂包含Celsr肽。
131.根据权利要求118至126中任一项所述的方法,其中所述候选药剂是抗Aβ抗体或其抗原结合片段。
132.根据权利要求93至131中任一项所述的方法,其中所述候选药剂是候选药剂文库的成员。
133.根据权利要求93至132中任一项所述的方法,其进一步包含将选择的候选药剂施用于患有或有风险发展神经退行性疾病的对象。
134.根据权利要求133所述的方法,其中所述对象中神经元突触的数量增加。
135.根据权利要求133或134所述的方法,其中所述神经退行性疾病被预防或治疗。
136.根据权利要求133至135中任一项所述的方法,其中所述神经退行性疾病是阿尔茨海默病或帕金森病。
137.根据权利要求1至136中任一项所述的方法,其中Celsr是Celsr3。
138.根据权利要求1至137中任一项所述的方法,其中Frizzled是Frizzled3。
139.根据权利要求1至138中任一项所述的方法,其中Vangl是Vangl2。
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- 2020-06-23 KR KR1020227002480A patent/KR20220027993A/ko unknown
- 2020-06-23 CN CN202080059389.0A patent/CN114269379A/zh active Pending
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US20220380454A1 (en) | 2022-12-01 |
WO2020263862A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
EP3990018A1 (en) | 2022-05-04 |
EP3990018A4 (en) | 2023-11-01 |
KR20220027993A (ko) | 2022-03-08 |
CA3146118A1 (en) | 2020-12-30 |
AU2020307538A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 |
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