CN114264690B - Graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving testing precision - Google Patents
Graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving testing precision Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of graphite workpiece expansion coefficient testing, in particular to a graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving testing precision, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of placing a standard sample, placing a furnace chamber in place, preprocessing, testing a standard product, switching the furnace chamber, testing the sample, comparing a test result with a known real thermal expansion value of the standard sample to obtain an error value of a tester, performing thermal expansion test on a graphite rod to be tested, calibrating the obtained test result with the error value to obtain a test value of a more accurate graphite thermal expansion test, and solving the technical problem of influence on the test result caused by expansion of a furnace body, a bracket and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of graphite workpiece expansion coefficient testing, in particular to a graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving testing precision.
Background
The graphite thermal expansion test is to measure the expansion and contraction performance of Jin Danmo in high temperature state during the heated roasting process by using a thermal expansion coefficient measuring instrument; the device consists of a loading sensor device, a resistance furnace, a trolley, a base and an electric appliance control box, wherein a sample in a hearth expands after the electric furnace is heated, a test rod propped against the end part of the sample generates an equivalent expansion amount, and the expansion amount is accurately measured by an inductance displacement sensor and an instrument and is displayed by the instrument.
At present, the test of the thermal expansion coefficient of graphite is mainly based on the CTE (coefficient of thermal expansion) measurement method GB3074.4-2016 of a graphite electrode, but the influence caused by expansion of a furnace body, a bracket and the like is not considered in the conventional standard method.
In the Chinese patent with the patent number of CN201810148761.X, a test device for testing the thermal expansibility of spherical graphite and a detection method thereof are disclosed, wherein the test device comprises a thermal expansibility detection groove, the bottom of the thermal expansibility detection groove is provided with a lower end detection device, and an upper end clamping block, a side clamping block and the lower end detection device in the thermal expansibility detection groove jointly clamp a sample loading device; according to the invention, the spherical graphite sample loading device is arranged to load spherical graphite, then the sample loading device is clamped by the clamping mechanism, and after the sample loading device is heated by the heating device, the expansion performance is detected.
However, the test method disclosed in the above patent does not solve the technical problem of considering the influence on the test result caused by expansion of the furnace body, the bracket, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving the testing precision, the standard sample is tested to obtain the testing result, the error value of the tester is obtained by comparing the testing result with the known real thermal expansion value of the standard sample, then the thermal expansion test is carried out on the graphite rod to be tested, the obtained testing result and the error value are calibrated to obtain the testing value of the more accurate graphite thermal expansion test, and the technical problem of influence on the testing result caused by expansion of a furnace body, a bracket and the like is solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving testing precision comprises the following steps:
placing a standard sample, namely placing a standard sample with a known expansion coefficient into a test groove of a sample measuring bracket in a measuring mechanism of a tester;
step two, the furnace chamber is in place, and the resistance furnace opposite to the sample testing bracket is driven by a sliding mechanism arranged at the bottom to move towards the sample testing bracket, so that the sample testing bracket stretches into the furnace chamber of the resistance furnace;
step three, preprocessing, namely after the sample measuring bracket extends into the furnace chamber of the resistance furnace, vacuumizing through a vacuumizing hole on the furnace chamber, and introducing protective gas through an air inlet hole on the furnace chamber;
step four, testing a standard sample, namely heating the standard sample in the furnace chamber by a resistance heater on a resistance furnace, and testing the thermal expansion of the standard sample by a measuring assembly in a measuring mechanism to obtainObtaining a test value DeltaL Mapping Test value DeltaL Mapping True expansion value DeltaL at the same temperature as the standard sample Label (C) In contrast, an error value DeltaL of the tester is obtained Is tied up with And DeltaL Mapping DeltaL Label (C) The relation between: deltaL Mapping ＝△L Label (C) +△L Is tied up with ；
Step five, switching furnace chambers, namely after the standard sample test is completed, the sliding mechanism drives the resistance furnace to slide and reset, and after the resistance furnace resets, the rotary driving mechanism drives the resistance furnace to rotate, so that the furnace chambers on the resistance furnace are switched;
step six, testing the sample, repeating the steps one to four, and placing the graphite rod to be tested in a test groove for thermal expansion test to obtain a test value delta L Sample testing ，△L Sample testing True expansion value delta L of graphite rod to be measured Sample The relationship exists between: deltaL Sample testing ＝△L Sample +△L Is tied up with True expansion value DeltaL of graphite rod to be measured Sample ＝△L Sample testing -△L Mapping +△L Label (C) 。
As an improvement, in the second step, the sliding mechanism includes:
the sliding rail is laid on the horizontal box body of the tester;
the sliding block is slidably arranged on the sliding rail;
the sliding seat is arranged on the sliding block, the sliding seat holds the resistance furnace, and the resistance furnace is arranged in a rotating way relative to the sliding seat;
the screw rod nut is embedded at the bottom of the sliding seat;
the screw rod is rotatably arranged on the horizontal box body, and the screw rod is provided with the screw rod nut; and
the sliding motor is arranged in the machine head at one side end part of the horizontal box body, and drives the screw rod to rotate so as to drive the sliding seat to slide.
As an improvement, the sliding seat is provided with an air inlet pipe and a vacuumizing pipe which are respectively communicated with the air inlet hole and the vacuumizing hole on the furnace chamber.
In the fourth step, the measuring assembly comprises a transmission rod, a length sensor and a sample measuring bracket, wherein the transmission rod is arranged on the machine head in a penetrating mode, the transmission rod is arranged on one side, close to the resistance furnace, of the machine head, the length sensor is connected with the transmission rod, the sample measuring bracket is sleeved outside the transmission rod, and a test groove for placing a graphite rod to be measured is formed in one end, opposite to the resistance furnace, of the sample measuring bracket.
In a fifth aspect, the rotation driving mechanism includes:
the driving motor is arranged on the sliding seat and is a servo motor;
a rotation gear installed on a rotation shaft of the driving motor, the rotation gear being rotated in synchronization with the rotation shaft; and
the rotary gear ring is sleeved on the resistance furnace and meshed with the rotary gear.
As an improvement, the bottom of test groove is provided with the drive graphite stick rotatory friction subassembly, and this friction subassembly includes:
the friction roller is rotationally embedded at the bottom of the test groove, and a self-rotating gear is sleeved at the end part of the friction roller, which is close to the transmission rod;
the self-rotating gear ring is sleeved on the transmission rod and meshed with the self-rotating gear;
the sleeve is sleeved on the transmission rod and is integrally connected with the self-rotating gear ring;
the driven gear is sleeved at the end part of the other side of the sleeve relative to the self-rotating gear ring;
the driving gear is rotatably arranged below the driven gear, and the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear; and
the self-rotating motor is arranged in the machine head and drives the driving gear to rotate.
As an improvement, in synchronization with the step four, the measuring mechanism further comprises a cleaning component, and the cleaning component cleans the furnace chamber which does not perform test work on the resistance furnace.
As an improvement, the cleaning assembly comprises:
the hollow shaft is rotatably arranged on the machine head, an air inlet channel is arranged in the hollow shaft in a hollow mode, and a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the hollow shaft;
the brush is arranged on the outer circumferential side wall of the hollow shaft and is used for cleaning the inner wall of the furnace chamber;
the linkage gear is sleeved on the hollow shaft and meshed with the driving gear; and
the control valve is arranged in the air inlet channel of the hollow shaft, is positioned at the connecting position of the hollow shaft and the machine head, and controls the on-off of the air inlet channel.
As an improvement, in synchronization with the step four, the measuring mechanism further comprises a dust extraction component, and the dust extraction component performs dust extraction treatment on the furnace chamber which does not perform test work on the resistance furnace.
As an improvement, the dust extraction assembly comprises:
the dust extraction pipe is arranged on the machine head, and the side wall of the dust extraction pipe is provided with an air extraction hole for extracting impurities in the furnace chamber;
the transmission gear is sleeved on the dust extraction pipe and meshed with the driving gear; and
the starting valve is arranged in the dust extraction pipe, is positioned at the connecting position of the dust extraction pipe and the machine head, and controls the on-off of the dust extraction pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the standard sample is tested to obtain the test result, the test result is compared with the real thermal expansion value known by the standard sample to obtain the error value of the tester, the thermal expansion test is carried out on the graphite rod to be tested, the obtained test result and the error value are calibrated to obtain the test value of the more accurate graphite thermal expansion test, and the technical problem of influence on the test result caused by expansion of a furnace body, a bracket and the like is solved;
(2) According to the invention, the resistance furnace is arranged into a plurality of furnace chambers and is matched with the resistance furnace to be rotationally arranged, after the thermal expansion test of graphite in one group of furnace chambers is completed, the furnace chambers are switched, and the thermal expansion test of graphite is carried out by utilizing the other furnace chamber at normal temperature, so that the furnace chambers do not need to wait for cooling from high temperature to room temperature, and the technical problem of low thermal expansion test efficiency of graphite is solved;
(3) According to the invention, the friction component is arranged at the bottom of the test groove for placing the graphite test rod to be tested, and the graphite test rod to be tested is driven to perform self-rotation by the friction component, so that the graphite test rod to be tested is heated more uniformly in the heating process, and uneven heating of the graphite test rod due to the test groove is avoided;
(4) According to the invention, the cleaning component and the dust extraction component are arranged and are matched with the arrangement of the measuring component, so that the measuring component is used for carrying the graphite rod to be tested for thermal expansion test, and meanwhile, the cleaning component and the dust extraction component are used for cleaning and cooling the rest furnace chambers, so that adverse effects of the furnace chambers on the thermal expansion test of graphite caused by dust accumulation after the furnace chambers are used for a long time are avoided;
(5) According to the invention, the control valve and the starting valve are respectively arranged in the hollow shaft and the dust extraction pipe, so that the control valve and the starting valve are extruded in the moving process of the resistance furnace, the hollow shaft and the dust extraction pipe are communicated with external ventilation equipment and dust extraction equipment, the interior of the furnace chamber is cooled and cleaned, and adverse effects of accumulated dust in the furnace chamber on a graphite thermal expansion test are avoided.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of high testing efficiency, high testing precision and the like, and is particularly suitable for the technical field of graphite thermal expansion testing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic elevational view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a resistance furnace according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a rotary driving mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a handpiece of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a measuring mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure shown at B in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of a friction roller according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a hollow shaft of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic elevational view of the linkage gear of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a control valve and a start valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a control valve and a start valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a cross-sectional structure of a control valve and a start valve according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a method for testing the thermal expansion coefficient of graphite for improving the testing precision comprises the following steps:
step one, placing a standard sample, namely placing a standard sample with a known expansion coefficient into a test groove 414 of a sample measuring bracket 413 in a measuring mechanism 4 of the tester;
step two, the furnace chamber is in place, and the resistance furnace 2 facing the sample testing bracket 413 is driven by the sliding mechanism 3 arranged at the bottom to move towards the sample testing bracket 413, so that the sample testing bracket 413 extends into the furnace chamber 21 of the resistance furnace 2;
step three, preprocessing, namely after the sample bracket 413 extends into the furnace chamber 21 of the resistance furnace 2, vacuumizing through a vacuumizing hole 212 on the furnace chamber 21, and introducing protective gas through an air inlet 211 on the furnace chamber 21;
step four, standard test, in which a resistance heater 213 on the resistance furnace 2 heats a standard sample in the furnace chamber 21, and a measurement assembly 41 in the measurement mechanism 4 performs thermal expansion test on the standard sample to obtain a test value DeltaL Mapping Test value DeltaL Mapping True expansion value DeltaL at the same temperature as the standard sample Label (C) In contrast, an error value DeltaL of the tester is obtained Is tied up with And DeltaL Mapping DeltaL Label (C) The relation between: deltaL Mapping ＝△L Label (C) +△L Is tied up with ；
Step five, furnace chamber switching, wherein after standard sample testing is completed, the sliding mechanism 3 drives the resistance furnace 2 to slide and reset, and after the resistance furnace 2 resets, the rotary driving mechanism 5 drives the resistance furnace 2 to rotate, so that the furnace chamber 21 on the resistance furnace 2 is switched;
step six, testing the sample, repeating the steps one to four, and placing the graphite rod 10 to be tested in the test groove 414 for thermal expansion test to obtain a test value delta L Sample testing ，△L Sample testing And the true expansion value DeltaL of the graphite rod 10 to be tested Sample The relationship exists between: deltaL Sample testing ＝△L Sample +△L Is tied up with True expansion value DeltaL of graphite rod 10 to be measured Sample ＝△L Sample testing -△L Mapping +△L Label (C) 。
In the second step, the sliding mechanism 3 includes:
the sliding rail 31 is paved on the horizontal box body 1 of the tester;
a slider 32, wherein the slider 32 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 31;
a sliding seat 33, wherein the sliding seat 33 is installed on the sliding seat 32, the sliding seat 33 embraces the resistance furnace 2, and the resistance furnace 2 is rotatably arranged relative to the sliding seat 33;
the screw nut 34 is embedded at the bottom of the sliding seat 33, and the screw nut 34 is embedded at the bottom of the sliding seat 33;
the screw rod 35 is rotatably arranged on the horizontal box body 1, and the screw rod 35 is provided with the screw rod nut 34; and
the sliding motor 36 is installed in the machine head 11 at one side end of the horizontal box 1, and the sliding motor 36 drives the screw rod 35 to rotate and drives the sliding seat 33 to slide.
Further, the sliding seat 33 is provided with an air inlet 331 and an evacuation tube 332 respectively for communicating with the air inlet 211 and the evacuation hole 212 of the oven cavity 21.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the measuring assembly 41 includes a transmission rod 411, a length sensor 412 and a sample measuring bracket 413, the transmission rod 411 is disposed on the machine head 11 in a penetrating manner, the transmission rod 411 is disposed on one side of the machine head 11 near the resistance furnace 2, the length sensor 412 is connected with the transmission rod 411, the sample measuring bracket 413 is sleeved outside the transmission rod 411, and a test slot 414 for placing the graphite rod 10 to be measured is formed at one end of the sample measuring bracket 413 opposite to the resistance furnace 2.
Further, in the fourth step, the temperature in the oven cavity 21 is raised to 35 ℃ by the resistance heater 213 at a speed of 0.1 ℃/min, then kept constant for more than 2 hours, and then raised to a specified test temperature point by the temperature raising speed of less than or equal to 3 ℃/min, and kept constant for 1min.
In synchronization with the fourth step, the measuring mechanism 4 further includes a cleaning unit 43, and the cleaning unit 43 cleans the oven cavity 21 of the resistance oven 2 that is not subjected to the test operation.
And, in synchronization with the step four, the measuring mechanism 4 further includes a dust extraction component 44, and the dust extraction component 44 performs dust extraction treatment on the furnace chamber 21 on the resistance furnace 2, which is not subjected to test operation.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2 to 15, a high-efficiency graphite thermal expansion tester includes a horizontal case 1, and further includes:
the resistance furnace 2 is arranged on the horizontal box body 1 in a sliding manner through the sliding mechanism 3, a plurality of furnace chambers 21 are axially arranged on the resistance furnace 2, the furnace chambers 21 are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged on the resistance furnace 2, and the resistance furnace 2 and the sliding mechanism 3 are arranged in a relative rotation manner; and
the measuring mechanism 4 is just opposite to the resistance furnace 2 and is arranged on the horizontal box body 1, the measuring mechanism 4 comprises a measuring component 41, the measuring component 41 comprises a transmission rod 411, a length sensor 412 and a sample measuring bracket 413, the transmission rod 411 is arranged on a machine head 11 penetrating through one side end portion of the horizontal box body 1, the transmission rod 411 is arranged on one side, close to the resistance furnace 2, of the machine head 11, one end of the length sensor 412 is connected with the transmission rod 411, the other end of the length sensor 412 is connected with a PC 410, the sample measuring bracket 413 is sleeved outside the transmission rod 411, and one end, opposite to the resistance furnace 2, of the sample measuring bracket 413 is provided with a test groove 414 for placing a graphite rod 10 to be measured.
Wherein, the inner wall of the furnace chamber 21 is provided with a heat insulation layer 22, the furnace chamber 21 is provided with an air inlet 211 and a vacuum pumping hole 212, and the bottom of the furnace chamber 21 is provided with a resistance heater 213.
Further, the slide mechanism 3 includes:
the sliding rail 31 is laid on the horizontal box body 1;
a slider 32, wherein the slider 32 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 31;
a sliding seat 33, wherein the sliding seat 33 is installed on the sliding seat 32, the sliding seat 33 embraces the resistance furnace 2, and the resistance furnace 2 is rotatably arranged relative to the sliding seat 33;
the screw nut 34 is embedded at the bottom of the sliding seat 33, and the screw nut 34 is embedded at the bottom of the sliding seat 33;
the screw rod 35 is rotatably arranged on the horizontal box body 1, and the screw rod 35 is provided with the screw rod nut 34; and
the sliding motor 36 is installed in the machine head 11, and the sliding motor 36 drives the screw rod 35 to rotate so as to drive the sliding seat 33 to slide.
Further, the sliding seat 33 is provided with an air inlet 331 and an evacuation tube 332 respectively for communicating with the air inlet 211 and the evacuation hole 212 of the oven cavity 21.
The slide 33 is provided with a rotary drive mechanism 5, and the rotary drive mechanism 5 drives the resistance furnace 2 to rotate, thereby switching the furnace chamber 21 on the resistance furnace 2.
Preferably, the rotation driving mechanism 5 includes:
a driving motor 51, the driving motor 51 is mounted on the sliding seat 33, and the driving motor 51 is a servo motor;
a rotation gear 52, the rotation gear 52 being mounted on a rotation shaft of the driving motor 51, the rotation gear 52 being rotated synchronously with the rotation shaft; and
the rotary gear ring 53 is sleeved on the resistance furnace 2, and the rotary gear ring 53 is meshed with the rotary gear 52.
Also, a friction member 42 for driving the graphite rod 10 to rotate is provided at the bottom of the test groove 414, and the friction member 42 includes:
a friction roller 421, wherein the friction roller 421 is rotationally embedded at the bottom of the test slot 414, and a self-rotation gear 422 is sleeved at the end part of the friction roller 421 close to the transmission rod 411;
a self-rotating gear ring 423, wherein the self-rotating gear ring 423 is sleeved on the transmission rod 411, and the self-rotating gear ring 423 is meshed with the self-rotating gear 422;
a sleeve 424, wherein the sleeve 424 is sleeved on the transmission rod 411, and the sleeve 424 and the self-rotating gear ring 423 are integrally connected;
a driven gear 425, wherein the driven gear 425 is sleeved on the other end part of the sleeve 424 relative to the self-rotating gear ring 423;
a driving gear 426, wherein the driving gear 426 is rotatably installed below the driven gear 425, and the driving gear 426 is engaged with the driven gear 425; and
a self-rotating motor 427, wherein the self-rotating motor 427 is installed in the handpiece 11, and the self-rotating motor 427 drives the driving gear 426 to rotate.
As a preferred embodiment, the measuring mechanism 4 further includes a cleaning component 43 and a dust extraction component 44, where the measuring component 41, the cleaning component 43 and the dust extraction component 44 are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference, and the measuring component 41, the cleaning component 43 and the dust extraction component 44 are disposed opposite to the furnace chamber 21 on the resistance furnace 2.
Wherein the cleaning assembly 43 comprises:
the hollow shaft 431, the hollow shaft 431 is rotatably installed on the machine head 11, an air inlet channel 432 is arranged in the hollow shaft 431, and a plurality of air exhaust holes 434 are formed in the hollow shaft 431;
a brush 433, the brush 433 being disposed on an outer circumferential sidewall of the hollow shaft 431, the brush 433 being for cleaning an inner wall of the cavity 21;
a linkage gear 435, wherein the linkage gear 435 is sleeved on the hollow shaft 431, and the linkage gear 435 is meshed with the driving gear 426; and
the control valve 436 is installed in the air inlet channel 432 of the hollow shaft 431, the control valve 436 is located at the connection position of the hollow shaft 431 and the machine head 11, and the control valve 436 controls the on-off of the air inlet channel 432.
Further, the dust extraction assembly 44 includes:
a dust extraction tube 441, wherein the dust extraction tube 441 is mounted on the machine head 11, and a sidewall of the dust extraction tube 441 is provided with an air extraction hole 442 for extracting impurities in the oven cavity 21;
a transmission gear 443, wherein the transmission gear 443 is sleeved on the dust extraction pipe 441, and the transmission gear 443 is meshed with the driving gear 426; and
and a start valve 444, wherein the start valve 444 is installed in the dust extraction tube 441, the start valve 444 is positioned at the connection position of the dust extraction tube 441 and the machine head 11, and the start valve 444 controls the on-off of the dust extraction tube 441.
In addition, the control valve 436 and the start valve 444 comprise a valve body 4361, a valve core 4362 and a return spring 4363, wherein an L-shaped ventilation duct 4364 is formed in the valve body 4361, a ventilation opening 4365 matched with the ventilation duct 4364 is formed in the valve core 4362, when the valve core 4362 is extruded by the resistance furnace 2 and the return spring 4363 is compressed, the ventilation opening 4365 is aligned with the ventilation duct 4364 to achieve the purpose of communication, an unfolding arm 4365 for extruding the resistance furnace 2 is arranged on the valve core 4362, the unfolding arm 4365 penetrates through a sliding groove formed in the side wall of the hollow shaft 431 and the dust extraction pipe 441, a sealing plate 4366 for sealing the sliding groove is arranged at the sliding groove of the unfolding arm 4365, and rolling balls 4367 are embedded at the position of the unfolding arm 4365, which is in contact with the resistance furnace 2.
After the thermal expansion test of graphite is completed in the furnace chamber 21 matched with the measuring assembly 41, the resistance furnace 2 is reset through the sliding mechanism 3, the furnace chamber 21 is switched by rotating the driving mechanism 5, the furnace chamber 21 is rotated to a position opposite to the measuring assembly 41, then, the graphite rod which has completed the thermal expansion test in the test groove 414 is removed, a new graphite rod 10 to be tested is replaced, the sliding mechanism 3 drives the resistance furnace 2 to be matched with the measuring assembly 41 again, the root of the sample bracket 413 of the measuring assembly 41 is provided with a sealing plug 415 correspondingly matched with the furnace chamber 21, the sealing plug 415 is matched with the furnace chamber 21 to form a closed space, external vacuumizing equipment pumps out air in the furnace chamber 21 through the vacuumizing hole 212, protective gas is input through the air inlet 211, and then, the resistance heater 213 heats the furnace chamber 21 and the graphite rod 10 to be tested in the furnace chamber 21, and the graphite rod are subjected to the thermal expansion test.
Further to illustrate, during the heating process, in order to ensure that the thermal expansion of the graphite rod is more uniform, the friction assembly 42 is disposed at the bottom of the test slot 414, and the graphite rod is driven to self-rotate by the friction assembly 42, so that the expansion of the graphite rod is more uniform.
Moreover, the driving gear 426 driving the friction assembly 42 to operate adopts a spaced tooth missing arrangement, so that the graphite rod is stopped in the rotating process, and the thermal expansion test is performed.
In order to improve the precision of the furnace chamber 21 in the process of testing the thermal expansion of graphite, when the rest of the furnace chambers 21 do not perform the thermal expansion test of graphite, the cleaning assembly 43 and the dust extraction assembly 44 respectively cool and clean the interior of the furnace chamber 21, so that the furnace chamber 21 can be cooled more rapidly, and meanwhile, the furnace chamber 21 can be kept clean, the condition of dust accumulation in the furnace chamber 21 can not occur, and uneven temperature in the heating process is caused.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving the testing precision is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, placing a standard sample, namely placing a standard sample with a known expansion coefficient into a test groove (414) of a sample measuring bracket (413) in a measuring mechanism (4) of a tester;
step two, the furnace chamber is in place, and the resistance furnace (2) opposite to the sample testing bracket (413) is driven to move towards the sample testing bracket (413) by a sliding mechanism (3) arranged at the bottom, so that the sample testing bracket (413) stretches into the furnace chamber (21) of the resistance furnace (2);
step three, preprocessing, namely, after the sample measuring bracket (413) stretches into the furnace chamber (21) of the resistance furnace (2), vacuumizing through a vacuumizing hole (212) in the furnace chamber (21), and then introducing protective gas through an air inlet hole (211) in the furnace chamber (21);
step four, standard test, wherein a resistance heater (213) on the resistance furnace (2) heats a standard sample in the furnace chamber (21), and a measurement assembly (41) in the measurement mechanism (4) performs thermal expansion test on the standard sample to obtain a test value delta L Mapping Test value DeltaL Mapping True expansion value DeltaL at the same temperature as the standard sample Label (C) In contrast, an error value DeltaL of the tester is obtained Is tied up with And DeltaL Mapping DeltaL Label (C) The relation between: deltaL Mapping ＝△L Label (C) +△L Is tied up with ；
Step five, switching furnace chambers, namely after the standard sample test is completed, the sliding mechanism (3) drives the resistance furnace (2) to slide and reset, and after the resistance furnace (2) resets, the rotary driving mechanism (5) drives the resistance furnace (2) to rotate, so that the furnace chambers (21) on the resistance furnace (2) are switched;
step six, testing the sample, repeating the steps one to four, and placing the graphite rod (10) to be tested in a test groove (414) for thermal expansion test to obtain a test value delta L Sample testing ，△L Sample testing True expansion value DeltaL of graphite rod (10) to be measured Sample The relationship exists between: deltaL Sample testing ＝△L Sample +△L Is tied up with True expansion of a graphite rod (10) to be testedValue DeltaL Sample ＝△L Sample testing -△L Mapping +△L Label (C) 。
2. The method for testing the thermal expansion coefficient of graphite with improved testing accuracy according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the sliding mechanism (3) comprises:
the sliding rail (31) is paved on the horizontal box body (1) of the tester;
the sliding block (32), the said sliding block (32) is slidably mounted on said slide rail (31);
the sliding seat (33) is arranged on the sliding block (32), the sliding seat (33) embraces the resistance furnace (2), and the resistance furnace (2) is rotatably arranged relative to the sliding seat (33);
the screw nut (34) is embedded at the bottom of the sliding seat (33);
the screw rod (35) is rotatably arranged on the horizontal box body (1), and the screw rod (35) is provided with the screw rod nut (34); and
the sliding motor (36), the sliding motor (36) is installed in the aircraft nose (11) of horizontal box (1) one side tip, and this sliding motor (36) drive lead screw (35) rotation drives slide (33) slip.
3. The method for testing the thermal expansion coefficient of the graphite with improved testing precision according to claim 2, wherein the sliding seat (33) is provided with an air inlet pipe (331) and a vacuum pumping pipe (332) which are respectively used for being communicated with the air inlet hole (211) and the vacuum pumping hole (212) on the furnace chamber (21).
4. The method for testing the thermal expansion coefficient of graphite with improved testing precision according to claim 2, wherein in the fourth step, the measuring assembly (41) comprises a transmission rod (411), a length sensor (412) and a sample testing bracket (413), the transmission rod (411) is arranged on the machine head (11) in a penetrating mode, the transmission rod (411) is arranged on one side, close to the resistance furnace (2), of the machine head (11), the length sensor (412) is connected with the transmission rod (411), the sample testing bracket (413) is sleeved outside the transmission rod (411), and a test groove (414) for placing a graphite rod (10) to be tested is formed in one end, opposite to the resistance furnace (2), of the sample testing bracket (413).
5. The method for testing the thermal expansion coefficient of graphite with improved testing accuracy according to claim 2, wherein in the fifth step, the rotary driving mechanism (5) comprises:
the driving motor (51) is arranged on the sliding seat (33), and the driving motor (51) is a servo motor;
a rotation gear (52), the rotation gear (52) being mounted on a rotation shaft of the driving motor (51), the rotation gear (52) being rotated synchronously with the rotation shaft; and
and the rotary gear ring (53) is sleeved on the resistance furnace (2), and the rotary gear ring (53) is meshed with the rotary gear (52).
6. The method for testing the thermal expansion coefficient of graphite with improved testing accuracy according to claim 4, wherein a friction component (42) for driving the graphite rod (10) to rotate is arranged at the bottom of the testing groove (414), and the friction component (42) comprises:
the friction roller (421) is rotationally embedded at the bottom of the test groove (414), and a self-rotating gear (422) is sleeved at the end part of the friction roller (421) close to the transmission rod (411);
the self-rotating gear ring (423), the self-rotating gear ring (423) is sleeved on the transmission rod (411), and the self-rotating gear ring (423) is meshed with the self-rotating gear (422);
the sleeve (424) is sleeved on the transmission rod (411), and the sleeve (424) and the self-rotating gear ring (423) are integrally connected;
a driven gear (425), wherein the driven gear (425) is sleeved at the other end part of the sleeve (424) relative to the self-rotating gear ring (423);
a driving gear (426), wherein the driving gear (426) is rotatably installed below the driven gear (425), and the driving gear (426) is meshed with the driven gear (425); and
and a self-rotating motor (427), wherein the self-rotating motor (427) is installed in the machine head (11), and the self-rotating motor (427) drives the driving gear (426) to rotate.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the measuring mechanism (4) further comprises a cleaning component (43) in synchronization with the step four, and the cleaning component (43) cleans the furnace chamber (21) of the resistance furnace (2) which is not subjected to the test.
8. The method for testing the thermal expansion coefficient of graphite with improved testing accuracy according to claim 7, wherein said cleaning assembly (43) comprises:
the hollow shaft (431) is rotatably arranged on the machine head (11), an air inlet channel (432) is arranged in the hollow shaft (431), and a plurality of exhaust holes (434) are formed in the hollow shaft (431);
a brush (433), the brush (433) being disposed on an outer circumferential side wall of the hollow shaft (431), the brush (433) being for cleaning an inner wall of the cavity (21);
the linkage gear (435), the said linkage gear (435) is set up on the said hollow shaft (431), the linkage gear (435) is set up with the said driving gear (426) in a meshed manner; and
the control valve (436) is arranged in the air inlet channel (432) of the hollow shaft (431), the control valve (436) is positioned at the connection position of the hollow shaft (431) and the machine head (11), and the control valve (436) controls the on-off of the air inlet channel (432).
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the measuring mechanism (4) further comprises a dust extraction component (44) in synchronization with the step four, and the dust extraction component (44) performs dust extraction treatment on the furnace chamber (21) of the resistance furnace (2) which is not subjected to test operation.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the dust extraction assembly (44) comprises:
a dust extraction pipe (441), wherein the dust extraction pipe (441) is arranged on the machine head (11), and the side wall of the dust extraction pipe (441) is provided with an air extraction hole (442) for extracting impurities in the furnace chamber (21);
the transmission gear (443), the said transmission gear (443) is set up on the said dust extraction tube (441), the transmission gear (443) is set up with the said driving gear (426) in a meshed manner; and
the starting valve (444) is arranged in the dust extraction pipe (441), the starting valve (444) is located at the connecting position of the dust extraction pipe (441) and the machine head (11), and the starting valve (444) controls the on-off of the dust extraction pipe (441).
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