CN212432856U - High-temperature hardness measuring device based on induction heating - Google Patents
High-temperature hardness measuring device based on induction heating Download PDFInfo
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- CN212432856U CN212432856U CN202021850866.9U CN202021850866U CN212432856U CN 212432856 U CN212432856 U CN 212432856U CN 202021850866 U CN202021850866 U CN 202021850866U CN 212432856 U CN212432856 U CN 212432856U
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Abstract
The application discloses based on induction heating formula high temperature hardness measuring device. The induction heating type high-temperature hardness testing device comprises a sample placing table, a movable base, an induction coil, a hardness tester pressure head, a load and a load driving mechanism, wherein the load driving mechanism is used for driving the hardness tester pressure head and the load to move to an object to be tested and load the surface of the object to be tested to form an indentation. The measurement is carried out after direct induction heating on conductive materials such as metal, alloy and the like, and the measurement is carried out after induction heating on the side surface of a sample wrapped by a metal heat transfer sleeve aiming at non-conductive materials such as ceramic, glass, high polymer and the like. The induction heating mode only heats the object or the metal heat transfer sleeve to be measured, overcomes the defect of large heat influence range caused by heating of the resistance wire of the traditional high-temperature hardness meter, is not easy to influence other parts of the measuring device, especially the temperature of the pressure head of the hardness meter, ensures that the mechanical property of the pressure head of the hardness meter keeps stable in the measuring process, and can conveniently and accurately measure the high-temperature hardness of various materials at the temperature of more than 1000 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of material high-temperature hardness measurement, in particular to a high-temperature hardness measuring device based on induction heating.
Background
The hardness test is a common method for detecting the mechanical property test of the material, can indirectly reflect the difference of the material in chemical components, tissue structure and treatment process, and is one of the fastest and most economical test methods. Meanwhile, for materials used in high temperature environments, such as the fields of aerospace and the like, detection of high temperature performance is indispensable, but currently, evaluation of high temperature mechanical properties of materials through a high temperature hardness test is not effectively utilized, because the following problems exist in the current high temperature hardness test: firstly, the sample and a indenter of a hardness tester need to be ensured not to be oxidized in a high-temperature environment; secondly, in the testing process, the indenter of the hardness tester is in a high-temperature environment, so that the upper limit of the testing temperature is greatly limited (generally below 1200 ℃); and thirdly, how to ensure that the whole indentation action is finished under constant load in the test process.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of this application provides a based on induction heating formula high temperature hardness measuring device, aims at solving prior art, the problem that the sclerometer pressure head is heated easily at test intensification in-process.
To achieve the purpose, the embodiment of the application adopts the following technical scheme:
based on induction heating formula high temperature hardness measuring device, including the removal base that is used for placing the object that awaits measuring, locate the platform, induction coil, the sclerometer pressure head are placed to the insulating sample of removal base, and be used for the drive the sclerometer pressure head removes to the object that awaits measuring and at the load actuating mechanism that awaits measuring object surface loading formed the indentation.
In one embodiment, the induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring device further comprises a closed shell and a vacuum device for vacuumizing the closed shell.
In one embodiment, the mobile base is slidably mounted to the bottom of the closed housing; the high-temperature hardness measuring device based on induction heating further comprises a sliding driving mechanism used for driving the moving base to slide relative to the closed shell.
In one embodiment, the sample holding stage is provided with a heat transfer sleeve, which is located within the induction coil.
In one embodiment, the load driving mechanism comprises a bracket mounted in the closed shell, a moving shaft slidably mounted on the bracket, a stepping motor mounted on the bracket, and a flexible transmission assembly mounted between the stepping motor and the moving shaft and used for driving the moving shaft to slide relative to the bracket; the axis of the moving shaft is collinear with the axis of the induction coil.
In one embodiment, a weight tray is arranged on the moving shaft.
In one embodiment, at least one surface of the closed shell is a transparent plate, and the device for measuring the hardness at high temperature based on the induction heating further comprises an infrared thermometer for measuring the temperature of the object to be measured through the transparent plate.
In one embodiment, the induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring apparatus further includes a gas passage for filling a protective gas into the closed casing.
Another object of the present application is to provide a method for measuring hardness at high temperature based on induction heating, comprising the following steps:
placing an object to be detected on a sample placing table of the movable base, and enabling the object to be detected to be located in the induction coil;
the induction coil is electrified to heat the object to be measured;
the load driving mechanism drives the press head to move to the object to be measured and loads the surface of the object to be measured to form an indentation.
In one embodiment, in step: before the induction coil heats the object to be measured, the method also comprises the following steps:
before the induction coil heats the object to be measured, the method also comprises the following steps:
evacuating the closed shell to 6 x 10-3Pa。
In one embodiment, in step: the load driving mechanism drives the indenter of the hardness tester to move to an object to be tested and before the surface of the object to be tested is loaded to form an indentation, the method also comprises the following steps:
and measuring the temperature of the object to be measured, and keeping the object to be measured in a constant temperature state of 20-1200 seconds when the temperature of the object to be measured reaches a preset temperature.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the application are as follows: the induction heating current that utilizes induction coil to produce heats the object that awaits measuring or to the heat transfer sleeve, also adopts the mode of indirect heating to heat, need not to heat whole measuring device's inside, is difficult for influencing other parts of measuring device, especially is difficult for influencing the temperature of sclerometer pressure head, is difficult for changing the mechanical properties of sclerometer pressure head, can guarantee measuring precision.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application (an object to be measured is a material capable of being induction heated);
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application (an object to be measured is a material that cannot be induction heated);
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of indentations of AlMo0.5NbTa0.5TiZr refractory high-entropy alloys at different temperatures in an embodiment of the present application;
in the figure:
1. moving the base; 2. an induction coil; 3. a durometer indenter; 4. a load driving mechanism; 41. a support; 42. a movable shaft; 43. a stepping motor; 44. a flexible transfer assembly; 45. a guide sleeve; 46. a motor controller; 5. a closed housing; 51. an air exhaust hole; 52. an inflation hole; 53. a vacuum circuit connection; 54. an observation window; 6. a weight tray; 7. a sample placement stage; 71. a heat transfer jacket; 8. an infrared thermometer; 9. an object to be measured.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It will be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like, refer to an orientation or positional relationship illustrated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present application and to simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
The following detailed description of implementations of the present application is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the embodiment of the present application provides an induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring apparatus, which includes a movable base 1 for placing an object 9 to be measured, an induction coil 2 located on the movable base 1 and used for generating an induction heating current, a hardness tester indenter 3, and a load driving mechanism 4 for driving the hardness tester indenter 3 to move to the object 9 to be measured and loading the surface of the object to be measured to form an indentation.
In the embodiment of this application, utilize induction coil 2 to produce induced-current on awaiting measuring object 9 (during the metalwork), heat it, for traditional radiation or contact heating methods (heating methods such as resistance wire heating, silicon carbide rod heating and infrared heating), the object that awaits measuring is only heated to the induction mode, does not heat measuring device's other parts, and is little to the influence of sclerometer pressure head temperature, can guarantee measuring precision.
The object 9 that awaits measuring can place platform 7 heat dissipation to the sample through the mode of conduction after by induction heating, because the sample is placed platform 7 and is the very poor material of heat conduction, consequently, the conduction heat dissipation capacity is very low, sample itself is less, consequently, the heat dissipation capacity is also very low, there is not convection heat dissipation in vacuum environment, consequently, the sample temperature can heat more than 1000 degrees centigrade very easily, for example 1200 degrees centigrade, and current resistance wire heating high temperature sclerometer hardly heats more than 1000 degrees centigrade, consequently, the upper limit based on induction heating formula high temperature hardness measuring device that this application provided has promoted experimental measurement temperature, can be more effectual be applied to relevant experimental study, and the experimental measurement temperature upper limit mainly is decided by induction power source's power, can select and change according to the demand.
The application provides a based on induction heating formula high temperature hardness measuring device only heats the object that awaits measuring, does not heat measuring device's other parts for each part is difficult for receiving the influence of high temperature, and life is longer, is difficult for damaging in the use, and the stability of device is strong.
Referring to fig. 1, as another embodiment of the induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring apparatus provided in the present application, the induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring apparatus further includes a closed housing5 and a vacuum device for evacuating the closed shell 5, wherein the vacuum degree in the closed shell 5 can be evacuated to 6 x 10 by means of evacuation, protective gas filling and re-evacuation-3Pa, effectively preventing the object to be tested 9 from being oxidized in the test process, and ensuring the test accuracy.
Referring to fig. 1, as another embodiment of the apparatus for measuring hardness at high temperature based on induction heating provided by the present application, a movable base 1 is slidably mounted at the bottom of a closed housing 5; the high-temperature hardness measuring device based on induction heating further comprises a sliding driving mechanism for driving the movable base 1 to slide relative to the closed shell 5. And then drive the object 9 that awaits measuring horizontal motion to different positions, the sclerometer pressure head 3 can test the many places position of the object 9 that awaits measuring, and the test data to many places is analyzed, gets modes such as average and obtains comparatively accurate test result.
Referring to fig. 1, as another embodiment of the induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring apparatus provided in the present application, a sample placing table 7 for fixing an object to be measured 9 is disposed on a movable base 1, and the sample placing table 7 is not conductive and has poor heat conductivity, and cannot be inductively heated, so as to provide a rigid support for a sample to be measured during a measuring process, thereby ensuring accuracy of a test result.
Referring to fig. 2, as another embodiment of the apparatus for measuring hardness at high temperature based on induction heating provided by the present application, a heat transfer sleeve 71 is disposed on the movable base 1, and the heat transfer sleeve 71 is disposed in the induction coil 2. When the object 9 to be measured is made of non-metallic materials such as ceramics, the object to be measured is inserted into the heat transfer sleeve 71 and is in close contact with the inner wall of the heat transfer sleeve 71, so that heat generated by the heat transfer sleeve 71 can be rapidly transferred to the object 9 to be measured. The heat transfer jacket 71 may be made of high melting point metal such as tungsten, molybdenum, etc.
Referring to fig. 1, as another embodiment of the induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring apparatus provided in the present application, the load driving mechanism 4 includes a bracket 41 mounted on an inner side wall of the closed housing 5, a moving shaft 42 slidably mounted on the bracket 41, a stepping motor 43 mounted on the bracket 41, and a flexible transmission assembly 44 mounted between the stepping motor 43 and the moving shaft 42 and used for driving the moving shaft 42 to slide relative to the bracket 41; the axis of the moving shaft 42 and the axis of the induction coil are parallel or collinear with each other. The stepping motor 43 drives the movable shaft 42 to ascend and descend through the flexible transmission component 44, and then drives the hardness tester pressure head 3 on the movable shaft 42 to ascend and descend, so that the hardness tester pressure head 3 is pressed to the surface of the object 9 to be tested. The flexible transmission assembly 44 may be a screw assembly or the like, so as to drive the movable shaft 42 to perform an ascending and descending motion. Alternatively, the flexible transmission assembly 44 may also be a flexible rope, and the stepping motor 43 drives the moving shaft 42 to move up and down through the flexible rope (for example, winding the flexible rope can achieve the moving shaft 42 to move up and down). The load driving mechanism 4 further includes a guide sleeve 45 mounted on the bracket 41, the guide sleeve 45 is sleeved outside the moving shaft 42, and a motor controller 46 is used for controlling the operation of the stepping motor 43.
When the flexible transmission component 44 is a flexible member such as a flexible rope, the load driving mechanism 4 drives the moving shaft 42 and the indenter 3 of the durometer to contact the surface of the object 9 to be measured, the flexible transmission component 44 is in a loose state, the weight pressed on the surface of the object 9 to be measured is the weight of the moving shaft 42, the scale tray 6 and the indenter 3 of the durometer, the indentation is generated on the surface of the object to be measured after a period of time, the size of the indentation is observed by an optical microscope, and the surface hardness is calculated according to the size of the indentation, so that the single measurement is completed. The load drive mechanism 4 is then reset so that the indenter 3 is clear of the object 9. Then, after the movable base 1 moves horizontally for a certain distance, the sample placing table 7 and the object 9 to be measured are driven for a certain distance, and then the next measurement is performed (a plurality of points can be pressed at the same temperature, or the point can be pressed again after the temperature of the sample is changed by adjusting the power of induction heating).
As shown in fig. 3 and referring to table 1 below, generally, the test is performed once at room temperature (25 ℃), and the indentation has two functions, one is comparable to the indentation of a conventional hardness tester and is used for calibration, and the indentation is smaller than the indentation at high temperature and can be used as a starting point for subsequent observation (for example, 6 points are pressed in one test, the first is normal temperature, the second and third are 600 ℃, the fourth and fifth are 800 ℃, the sixth and seventh are 1000 ℃, and the moving base 1 is moved to the right during the test, and then the smallest indentation is found by an optical microscope, i.e., the normal temperature indentation, and the rest of the indentations are sequentially arranged on the left side).
Referring to fig. 1, as another embodiment of the device for measuring hardness at high temperature based on induction heating provided by the present application, a weight tray 6 is provided on the movable shaft 42. Weights with different weights can be placed on the weight tray 6, and then the load of the test is changed. And for the test process of different loads, the load is determined by the weight, so that the relative stability of the load in the test process can be ensured.
Referring to fig. 1, as another embodiment of the induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring apparatus provided in the present application, at least one surface of the closed casing 5 is a transparent plate to form an observation window 54, and the induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring apparatus further includes an infrared thermometer 8 for measuring temperature of an object 9 to be measured through the transparent plate. The infrared thermometer 8 can measure the temperature of the object 9 to be measured, when the object 9 to be measured reaches a preset test temperature, the heating power of the induction coil 2 is adjusted, so that the temperature of the object 9 to be measured is kept unchanged, the constant temperature time is within the range of 20 seconds to 1200 seconds, when the hardometer pressure head 3 is pressed down to contact the object to be measured, the temperature of the object to be measured is reduced by 5 to 10 ℃, and the heating power can be adjusted to enable the temperature to rise and keep constant temperature.
Referring to fig. 1, as another embodiment of the apparatus for measuring hardness at high temperature based on induction heating provided by the present application, the apparatus for measuring hardness at high temperature based on induction heating further includes a gas passage for filling a shielding gas into the sealed housing 5. The gas passage includes a suction hole 51 provided in the hermetic case 5, and an inflation hole 52. The housing 5 is further provided with a vacuum circuit connector 53 for electrically connecting the motor controller 46 to the stepping motor 43 in the housing 5.
As shown in fig. 3, the images are impression images (each impression at room temperature to 1200 degrees celsius) of an almo0.5nbta0.5tizr refractory high-entropy alloy measured by an induction heating type high-temperature hardness measuring device. Table 1 shows the measured values and calculated vickers hardness values for the indentation length at three temperatures:
TABLE 1
The embodiment of the application provides a method for measuring high-temperature hardness based on induction heating, which can be performed by the device for measuring high-temperature hardness based on induction heating in the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
placing an object to be detected 9 on a sample placing table 7 on the movable base 1, so that the object to be detected is positioned in the induction coil 2;
the induction coil 2 is electrified to heat the object to be measured 9, and the temperature of the object is measured by an infrared thermometer;
the load driving mechanism 4 drives the hardness tester indenter 3 to move to the object to be tested 9 and load on the surface of the object to be tested to form an indentation.
In the embodiment of the application, the induction coil 2 is used for generating induction current on the object to be measured 9 (metal part), the object to be measured is heated in a way of induction compared with the traditional radiation or contact heating mode (resistance wire heating, silicon carbide rod heating and infrared heating), the object to be measured is only heated in a way of induction, other parts of the measuring device are not heated, the influence on the temperature of the pressure head is small, and the measuring precision can be ensured.
The object 9 that awaits measuring can place platform 7 heat dissipation to the sample through the mode of conduction after by induction heating, because the sample is placed the platform and is the very poor material of heat conduction, consequently, the conduction heat dissipation capacity is very low, sample itself is less, consequently, the heat dissipation capacity is also very low, there is not convection heat dissipation in vacuum environment, consequently, the sample temperature can heat more than 1000 degrees centigrade very easily, for example 1200 degrees centigrade, and current resistance wire heating high temperature sclerometer hardly heats more than 1000 degrees centigrade, consequently, the upper limit based on induction heating formula high temperature hardness measuring device that this application provided has promoted experimental measurement temperature, can be more effectual be applied to relevant experimental study, and the experimental measurement temperature upper limit mainly is decided by induction power source's power, can select and change according to the demand.
Referring to the drawings, as another embodiment of the method for measuring hardness at high temperature based on induction heating provided by the present application, the method comprises the following steps: before the induction coil 2 heats the object 9 to be measured, the method further comprises the following steps:
the closed casing 5 is evacuated (for example to 6X 10)-3Pa), effectively avoiding the object 9 to be tested from being oxidized in the test process, and ensuring the test accuracy.
Referring to the drawings, as another embodiment of the method for measuring hardness at high temperature based on induction heating provided by the present application, the method comprises the following steps: the load driving mechanism 4 drives the hardness tester pressure head 3 to move to the object 9 to be tested and further comprises the following steps before the surface of the object is loaded to form an indentation:
the temperature of the object 9 to be measured is measured by using an infrared thermometer, and when the temperature of the object 9 to be measured reaches a preset temperature, the object 9 to be measured is kept in a constant temperature state for 20 seconds to 1200 seconds. The temperature of the object to be measured 9 can be measured by the infrared thermometer 8, when the object to be measured 9 reaches a preset test temperature, the heating power of the induction coil 2 is adjusted, so that the temperature of the object to be measured 9 is kept unchanged, the constant temperature time is within the range of 20 seconds to 1200 seconds, when the pressure head is pressed down to contact the object to be measured, the temperature of the object to be measured is reduced by 5-10 ℃, and the heating power can be adjusted to raise the temperature back and keep the constant temperature.
It is to be understood that aspects of the present invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described.
It should be understood that the above examples are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present application, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present application. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. Based on induction heating formula high temperature hardness measuring device, its characterized in that is including the removal base that is used for placing the object that awaits measuring, locate the platform is placed to the insulating sample of removal base, induction coil, sclerometer pressure head, and be used for driving the sclerometer pressure head removes to the object that awaits measuring and at the load actuating mechanism that awaits measuring object surface loading formed the indentation.
2. The induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a closed casing, and a vacuum device for evacuating the closed casing.
3. The induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the moving base is slidably mounted to a bottom of the closed casing; the high-temperature hardness measuring device based on induction heating further comprises a sliding driving mechanism used for driving the moving base to slide relative to the closed shell.
4. The induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a heat transfer jacket is provided on the sample placement stage, the heat transfer jacket being located inside the induction coil.
5. The induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring device according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the load driving mechanism comprises a support installed in the closed housing, a moving shaft slidably installed in the support, a stepping motor installed in the support, and a flexible transmission member installed between the stepping motor and the moving shaft and used for driving the moving shaft to slide relative to the support; the axis of the moving shaft is collinear with the axis of the induction coil.
6. The induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring device according to claim 5, wherein a weight tray is provided on the moving shaft.
7. The induction heating-based pyrometric hardness measurement apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 3, further comprising a gas passage for filling a protective gas into the closed casing.
8. The induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring device according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein at least one surface of the closed casing is provided with an observation window, and the induction heating-based high-temperature hardness measuring device further comprises an infrared thermometer for measuring temperature of the object to be measured through the observation window.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113075022A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-06 | 山东宗德机电设备有限公司 | High-temperature hardness tester for continuous high-temperature hardness test |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113075022A (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2021-07-06 | 山东宗德机电设备有限公司 | High-temperature hardness tester for continuous high-temperature hardness test |
| CN113075022B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-11-22 | 山东宗德机电设备有限公司 | High-temperature hardness tester for continuous high-temperature hardness test |
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