CN114264690A - Graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving testing precision - Google Patents
Graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving testing precision Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of graphite workpiece expansion coefficient testing, in particular to a graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving testing precision, which comprises the following steps of: the method comprises the steps of standard sample placement → furnace chamber in place → pretreatment → standard product test → furnace chamber switching → sample test, wherein the standard sample is tested to obtain a test result which is compared with the known real thermal expansion value of the standard sample to obtain the error value of a tester, then the graphite rod to be tested is subjected to thermal expansion test, the obtained test result and the error value are calibrated to obtain a more accurate test value of the graphite thermal expansion test, and the technical problem that the test result is influenced by expansion of a furnace body, a support and the like is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of graphite workpiece expansion coefficient testing, in particular to a graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving testing precision.
Background
The graphite thermal expansion test is to determine the expansion and contraction performance of the gold graphite in a high-temperature state in the heating roasting process by utilizing a thermal expansion coefficient measuring instrument; the device consists of a loading sensor device, a resistance furnace, a trolley, a base and an electric appliance control box, wherein a sample in a hearth expands after the electric furnace is heated, a test rod which is propped against the end part of the sample generates an expansion amount which is equal to the expansion amount, and the expansion amount is accurately measured by an inductance displacement sensor and an instrument and is displayed by the instrument.
At present, the graphite thermal expansion coefficient test is mainly based on a graphite electrode thermal expansion coefficient CTE measuring method GB3074.4-2016, but the influence caused by expansion of a furnace body, a support and the like is not considered in the existing standard method.
In chinese patent No. cn201810148761.x, a test apparatus for testing the thermal expansion of spherical graphite and a detection method thereof are disclosed, which comprises a thermal expansion detection tank, a lower end detection apparatus is arranged at the bottom of the thermal expansion detection tank, and an upper end clamping block, a side surface clamping block and a lower end detection apparatus in the thermal expansion detection tank clamp a sample loading apparatus together; according to the invention, the spherical graphite sample loading device is arranged to load spherical graphite, the sample loading device is clamped by the clamping mechanism, and after clamping, the sample loading device is heated by the heating device, and then the expansion performance is detected.
However, the test method disclosed in the above patent does not solve the technical problem of considering the influence of the expansion of the furnace body, the holder, and the like on the test result.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving the testing precision, which comprises the steps of firstly testing a standard sample to obtain a testing result, comparing the testing result with a known real thermal expansion value of the standard sample to obtain an error value of a tester, then carrying out thermal expansion testing on a graphite rod to be tested, calibrating the obtained testing result and the error value to obtain a more precise testing value of the graphite thermal expansion test, and solving the technical problem of influence on the testing result caused by expansion of a furnace body, a support and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving testing precision comprises the following steps:
placing a standard sample, namely placing the standard sample with a known expansion coefficient in a test slot of a sample measurement bracket in a measurement mechanism of a tester;
secondly, the furnace chamber is in place, and the resistance furnace facing the sample measuring bracket is driven by a sliding mechanism arranged at the bottom to move towards the sample measuring bracket, so that the sample measuring bracket extends into the furnace chamber of the resistance furnace;
step three, preprocessing, namely after the sample testing bracket extends into the furnace chamber of the resistance furnace, vacuumizing through a vacuumizing hole on the furnace chamber, and introducing protective gas through an air inlet hole on the furnace chamber;
step four, standard product testing, namely heating the standard sample in the furnace cavity by a resistance heater on the resistance furnace, and testing the thermal expansion of the standard sample by a measuring assembly in the measuring mechanism to obtain a test value delta LMappingWill test the value Δ LMappingTrue expansion value DeltaL of standard sample under same temperature conditionSign boardComparing to obtain error value DeltaL of the testerIs a systemAnd Δ LMappingAnd Δ LSign boardThe relation between: delta LMapping＝△LSign board+△LIs a system；
Step five, switching furnace chambers, wherein after the standard sample test is finished, the sliding mechanism drives the resistance furnace to slide and reset, and after the resistance furnace is reset, the rotary driving mechanism drives the resistance furnace to rotate, so that the furnace chambers on the resistance furnace are switched;
step six, sample testing, namely repeating the step one to the step four, placing the graphite rod to be tested in the test groove for thermal expansion testing, and obtaining a test value delta LSample testing，△LSample testingThe true expansion value Delta L of the graphite rod to be measuredSample (A)There is a relationship between: delta LSample testing＝△LSample (A)+△LIs a systemTrue expansion value DeltaL of the graphite rod to be measuredSample (A)＝△LSample testing-△LMapping+△LSign board。
As an improvement, in the second step, the sliding mechanism includes:
the sliding rails are laid on a horizontal box body of the tester;
the sliding block is slidably mounted on the sliding rail;
the sliding seat is arranged on the sliding block, embraces the resistance furnace and is arranged in a rotating way relative to the sliding seat;
the screw rod nut is embedded at the bottom of the sliding seat;
the screw rod is rotatably arranged on the horizontal box body and is provided with the screw rod nut; and
and the sliding motor is arranged in the machine head at the end part of one side of the horizontal box body and drives the screw rod to rotate so as to drive the sliding seat to slide.
As an improvement, the sliding seat is provided with an air inlet pipe and a vacuum pipe which are respectively communicated with an air inlet hole and a vacuum hole on the furnace chamber.
As an improvement, in the fourth step, the measuring assembly includes a transmission rod, a length sensor and a sample measuring bracket, the transmission rod penetrates through the machine head, the transmission rod is arranged on one side of the machine head close to the resistance furnace, the length sensor is connected with the transmission rod, the sample measuring bracket is sleeved outside the transmission rod, and a test slot for placing a graphite rod to be measured is arranged at one end of the sample measuring bracket, which is opposite to the resistance furnace.
As an improvement, in the fifth step, the rotation driving mechanism includes:
the driving motor is arranged on the sliding seat and is a servo motor;
a rotary gear installed on a rotary shaft of the driving motor, the rotary gear rotating synchronously with the rotary shaft; and
the rotary gear ring is sleeved on the resistance furnace and meshed with the rotary gear.
As a modification, the bottom of the test groove is provided with a friction assembly for driving the graphite rod to rotate, and the friction assembly comprises:
the friction roller is rotatably embedded at the bottom of the test slot, and a self-rotating gear is sleeved at the end part, close to the transmission rod, of the friction roller;
the self-rotating gear ring is sleeved on the transmission rod and meshed with the self-rotating gear;
the sleeve is sleeved on the transmission rod and integrally connected with the self-rotating gear ring;
the driven gear is sleeved at the end part of the other side of the sleeve relative to the self-rotating gear ring;
the driving gear is rotatably arranged below the driven gear and is meshed with the driven gear; and
the self-rotating motor is arranged in the machine head and drives the driving gear to rotate.
As an improvement, in synchronization with the fourth step, the measuring mechanism further includes a cleaning assembly, and the cleaning assembly cleans a furnace chamber on the resistance furnace, where the test operation is not performed.
As an improvement, the sweeping assembly comprises:
the hollow shaft is rotatably arranged on the machine head, an air inlet channel is arranged in the hollow shaft, and a plurality of exhaust holes are formed in the hollow shaft;
the brush is arranged on the side wall of the outer circumference of the hollow shaft and used for cleaning the inner wall of the furnace chamber;
the linkage gear is sleeved on the hollow shaft and is meshed with the driving gear; and
the control valve is arranged in the air inlet channel of the hollow shaft, is positioned at the connecting position of the hollow shaft and the machine head, and controls the on-off of the air inlet channel.
As an improvement, in synchronization with the fourth step, the measuring mechanism further comprises a dust extraction assembly, and the dust extraction assembly performs dust extraction treatment on a furnace chamber which is not subjected to test work on the resistance furnace.
As an improvement, the dust extraction assembly comprises:
the dust extraction pipe is arranged on the machine head, and an extraction hole for extracting impurities in the furnace cavity is formed in the side wall of the dust extraction pipe;
the transmission gear is sleeved on the dust extraction pipe and meshed with the driving gear; and
the starting valve is arranged in the dust extraction pipe, is positioned at the connecting position of the dust extraction pipe and the machine head, and controls the on-off of the dust extraction pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the method, a standard sample is tested, a test result is obtained and compared with a known real thermal expansion value of the standard sample to obtain an error value of a tester, then the thermal expansion test is carried out on the graphite rod to be tested, the obtained test result and the error value are calibrated to obtain a more accurate test value of the graphite thermal expansion test, and the technical problem that the test result is influenced by expansion of a furnace body, a support and the like is solved;
(2) the resistance furnace is arranged into a plurality of furnace chambers and is matched with the resistance furnace for rotary arrangement, after the graphite in one group of furnace chambers completes the thermal expansion test, the furnace chambers are switched, and the graphite thermal expansion test is performed by using the other normal-temperature furnace chamber without waiting for the furnace chambers to be cooled to the room temperature from high temperature, so that the technical problem of low graphite thermal expansion test efficiency is solved;
(3) according to the self-rotating graphite rod testing device, the friction assembly is arranged at the bottom of the testing groove for placing the graphite rod to be tested, and the friction assembly is used for driving the graphite rod to be tested to rotate automatically, so that the graphite rod to be tested is heated more uniformly in the heating process, and the phenomenon that the graphite rod is heated unevenly due to the testing groove is avoided;
(4) according to the invention, the cleaning assembly and the dust extraction assembly are arranged and matched with the measurement assembly, so that the measurement assembly is used for cleaning and cooling the rest furnace chambers while bearing the graphite rods to be tested to perform thermal expansion test, and the phenomenon that the furnace chambers generate adverse effects on the graphite thermal expansion test due to dust deposition after the furnace chambers are used for a long time is avoided;
(5) according to the invention, the control valve and the starting valve are respectively arranged in the hollow shaft and the dust exhaust pipe, and the hollow shaft and the dust exhaust pipe are communicated with external ventilation equipment and dust exhaust equipment by extruding the control valve and the starting valve in the moving process of the resistance furnace, so that the interior of the furnace chamber is cooled and cleaned, and the adverse effect of dust deposition in the furnace chamber on the graphite thermal expansion test is avoided.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of high test efficiency, high test precision and the like, and is particularly suitable for the technical field of graphite thermal expansion test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the resistance furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the rotary driving mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a handpiece of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a measuring mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the friction roller of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a hollow shaft according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a front view of the linkage gear of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of a control valve and a start valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a first cross-sectional view of the control valve and the start valve of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a schematic sectional view of a control valve and a start valve according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a method for testing the thermal expansion coefficient of graphite with improved testing accuracy includes the following steps:
placing a standard sample, namely placing the standard sample with a known expansion coefficient in a test slot 414 of a sample measurement bracket 413 in a measurement mechanism 4 of a tester;
secondly, the furnace chamber is in place, the resistance furnace 2 facing the sample measuring bracket 413 is driven by a sliding mechanism 3 arranged at the bottom to move towards the sample measuring bracket 413, so that the sample measuring bracket 413 extends into the furnace chamber 21 of the resistance furnace 2;
step three, preprocessing, namely after the sample measuring bracket 413 extends into the furnace chamber 21 of the resistance furnace 2, vacuumizing through a vacuumizing hole 212 on the furnace chamber 21, and introducing protective gas through an air inlet hole 211 on the furnace chamber 21;
step four, standard product testing, namely heating the standard sample in the furnace chamber 21 by a resistance heater 213 on the resistance furnace 2, and testing the thermal expansion of the standard sample by a measuring component 41 in the measuring mechanism 4 to obtain a test value delta LMappingWill test the value Δ LMappingTrue expansion value DeltaL of standard sample under same temperature conditionSign boardComparing to obtain error value DeltaL of the testerIs a systemAnd Δ LMappingAnd Δ LSign boardThe relation between: delta LMapping＝△LSign board+△LIs a system；
Step five, switching furnace chambers, wherein after the standard sample test is completed, the sliding mechanism 3 drives the resistance furnace 2 to slide and reset, and after the resistance furnace 2 is reset, the rotary driving mechanism 5 drives the resistance furnace 2 to rotate, so that the furnace chamber 21 on the resistance furnace 2 is switched;
step six, sample testing, namely repeating the step one to the step four, placing the graphite rod 10 to be tested in the test groove 414 for thermal expansion testing, and obtaining a test value delta LSample testing，△LSample testingThe actual expansion value Delta L of the graphite rod 10 to be measuredSample (A)There is a relationship between: delta LSample testing＝△LSample (A)+△LIs a systemTrue expansion value DeltaL of the graphite rod 10 to be measuredSample (A)＝△LSample testing-△LMapping+△LSign board。
Wherein, in the second step, the sliding mechanism 3 includes:
the sliding rail 31 is paved on the horizontal box body 1 of the tester;
the sliding block 32 is arranged on the sliding rail 31 in a sliding mode;
the sliding base 33 is installed on the sliding block 32, the sliding base 33 embraces the resistance furnace 2, and the resistance furnace 2 is rotatably arranged relative to the sliding base 33;
the lead screw nut 34 is embedded at the bottom of the sliding seat 33;
the screw rod 35 is rotatably arranged on the horizontal box body 1, and the screw rod 35 is provided with the screw rod nut 34; and
and the sliding motor 36 is installed in the machine head 11 at one side end part of the horizontal box body 1, and the sliding motor 36 drives the screw rod 35 to rotate so as to drive the sliding seat 33 to slide.
Further, the slide base 33 is provided with an air inlet pipe 331 and a vacuum pipe 332 respectively communicating with the air inlet hole 211 and the vacuum hole 212 on the cavity 21.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the measuring assembly 41 includes a transmission rod 411, a length sensor 412 and a sample measuring bracket 413, the transmission rod 411 is arranged on the machine head 11 in a penetrating manner, the transmission rod 411 is arranged on one side of the machine head 11 close to the electric resistance furnace 2, the length sensor 412 is connected with the transmission rod 411, the sample measuring bracket 413 is sleeved outside the transmission rod 411, and a test slot 414 for placing the graphite rod 10 to be measured is arranged at one end of the sample measuring bracket 413 facing the electric resistance furnace 2.
Furthermore, in the fourth step, after the temperature in the furnace chamber 21 is increased to 35 ℃ by the resistance heater 213 at a speed of 0.1 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for more than 2 hours, and then the temperature in the furnace chamber 21 is increased to a specified test temperature point at a temperature increasing rate of less than or equal to 3 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 1 min.
In addition, in synchronization with the fourth step, the measuring mechanism 4 further includes a cleaning assembly 43, and the cleaning assembly 43 cleans the furnace chamber 21 on the resistance furnace 2, where the test operation is not performed.
And, in synchronization with the fourth step, the measuring mechanism 4 further includes a dust extraction assembly 44, and the dust extraction assembly 44 performs dust extraction on the furnace chamber 21, which is not subjected to the test operation, on the resistance furnace 2.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2 to 15, a high-efficiency graphite thermal expansion tester includes a horizontal box 1, and further includes:
the resistance furnace 2 is arranged on the horizontal box body 1 in a sliding mode through a sliding mechanism 3, a plurality of furnace chambers 21 are axially arranged on the resistance furnace 2, the furnace chambers 21 are circumferentially arranged on the resistance furnace 2 at equal intervals, and the resistance furnace 2 and the sliding mechanism 3 are arranged in a rotating mode; and
the measuring mechanism 4 is installed on the horizontal box body 1 just opposite to the resistance furnace 2, the measuring mechanism 4 comprises a measuring component 41, the measuring component 41 comprises a transmission rod 411, a length sensor 412 and a sample measuring bracket 413, the transmission rod 411 is arranged on the machine head 11 at the end part of one side of the horizontal box body 1 in a penetrating mode, the transmission rod 411 is arranged on one side, close to the resistance furnace 2, of the machine head 11, one end of the length sensor 412 is connected with the transmission rod 411, the other end of the length sensor 412 is connected with the PC 410, the sample measuring bracket 413 is sleeved outside the transmission rod 411, and a test slot 414 used for placing a graphite rod 10 to be measured is arranged at one end, right opposite to the resistance furnace 2, of the sample measuring bracket 413.
Wherein, the inner wall of the furnace chamber 21 is provided with an insulating layer 22, the furnace chamber 21 is provided with an air inlet 211 and a vacuuming hole 212, and the bottom of the furnace chamber 21 is provided with a resistance heater 213.
Further, the slide mechanism 3 includes:
the slide rails 31 are paved on the horizontal box body 1;
the sliding block 32 is arranged on the sliding rail 31 in a sliding mode;
the sliding base 33 is installed on the sliding block 32, the sliding base 33 embraces the resistance furnace 2, and the resistance furnace 2 is rotatably arranged relative to the sliding base 33;
the lead screw nut 34 is embedded at the bottom of the sliding seat 33;
the screw rod 35 is rotatably arranged on the horizontal box body 1, and the screw rod 35 is provided with the screw rod nut 34; and
and the sliding motor 36 is installed in the machine head 11, and the sliding motor 36 drives the screw rod 35 to rotate to drive the sliding seat 33 to slide.
Further, the slider 33 is provided with an air inlet pipe 331 and a vacuum pipe 332 for communicating with the air inlet hole 211 and the vacuum hole 212 on the cavity 21, respectively.
Further, a rotary drive mechanism 5 is attached to the slide base 33, and the rotary drive mechanism 5 rotates the electric resistance furnace 2 to switch the furnace chamber 21 on the electric resistance furnace 2.
Preferably, the rotation driving mechanism 5 includes:
the driving motor 51, the said driving motor 51 is mounted on the said slide carriage 33, the driving motor 51 is a servomotor;
a rotary gear 52, the rotary gear 52 being mounted on a rotary shaft of the driving motor 51, the rotary gear 52 rotating synchronously with the rotary shaft; and
and the rotating gear ring 53 is sleeved on the resistance furnace 2, and the rotating gear ring 53 is meshed with the rotating gear 52.
And, the bottom of the test slot 414 is provided with a friction assembly 42 for driving the graphite rod 10 to rotate, wherein the friction assembly 42 comprises:
the friction roller 421 is rotatably embedded at the bottom of the test slot 414, and a self-rotating gear 422 is sleeved at the end part, close to the transmission rod 411, of the friction roller 421;
the self-rotating gear ring 423 is sleeved on the transmission rod 411, and the self-rotating gear ring 423 is meshed with the self-rotating gear 422;
a sleeve 424, wherein the sleeve 424 is sleeved on the transmission rod 411, and the sleeve 424 and the self-rotating gear ring 423 are integrally connected;
a driven gear 425, wherein the driven gear 425 is sleeved on the other end part of the sleeve 424 relative to the self-rotating gear ring 423;
a driving gear 426 rotatably installed below the driven gear 425, the driving gear 426 being engaged with the driven gear 425; and
a self-rotating motor 427, said self-rotating motor 427 being mounted within said handpiece 11, said self-rotating motor 427 driving said drive gear 426 in a rotational arrangement.
In a preferred embodiment, the measuring mechanism 4 further includes a cleaning assembly 43 and a dust pumping assembly 44, the measuring assembly 41, the cleaning assembly 43 and the dust pumping assembly 44 are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged, and the measuring assembly 41, the cleaning assembly 43 and the dust pumping assembly 44 are all arranged opposite to the furnace chamber 21 of the electric resistance furnace 2.
Wherein the sweeping assembly 43 comprises:
the hollow shaft 431 is rotatably installed on the machine head 11, an air inlet channel 432 is arranged in the hollow shaft 431, and a plurality of exhaust holes 434 are formed in the hollow shaft 431;
a brush 433, the brush 433 being disposed on an outer circumferential sidewall of the hollow shaft 431, the brush 433 being used to clean an inner wall of the cavity 21;
the linkage gear 435 is sleeved on the hollow shaft 431, and the linkage gear 435 is meshed with the driving gear 426; and
and a control valve 436, wherein the control valve 436 is installed in the air inlet passage 432 of the hollow shaft 431, the control valve 436 is located at the connecting position of the hollow shaft 431 and the handpiece 11, and the control valve 436 controls the on-off of the air inlet passage 432.
Further, the dust extraction assembly 44 includes:
a dust extraction pipe 441, wherein the dust extraction pipe 441 is mounted on the machine head 11, and a suction hole 442 for sucking impurities in the oven cavity 21 is formed in a side wall of the dust extraction pipe 441;
the transmission gear 443 is sleeved on the dust suction pipe 441, and the transmission gear 443 is meshed with the driving gear 426; and
and the starting valve 444 is installed in the dust pumping pipe 441, the starting valve 444 is positioned at the connecting position of the dust pumping pipe 441 and the machine head 11, and the starting valve 444 controls the on-off of the dust pumping pipe 441.
In addition, the control valve 436 and the start valve 444 comprise a valve body 4361, a valve core 4362 and a return spring 4363, wherein the valve body 4361 is provided with an L-shaped ventilation hole 4364, the valve core 4362 is provided with a vent 4365 matched with the ventilation hole 4364, the valve core 4362 is extruded by the resistance furnace 2, when the return spring 4363 is compressed, the vent 4365 is aligned with the ventilation hole 4364 to achieve the purpose of communication, the valve core 4362 is provided with a spreading arm 4365 for extruding the resistance furnace 2, the spreading arm 4365 passes through a sliding groove formed in the side wall of the hollow shaft 431 and the dust exhaust pipe 441, the spreading arm 4365 is provided with a sealing plate 4366 for sealing the sliding groove at the sliding groove, and a rolling ball 4367 is embedded in a part where the spreading arm 4365 abuts against the resistance furnace 2.
It should be noted that, after the furnace chamber 21 matched with the measuring assembly 41 completes the thermal expansion test work of graphite, the resistance furnace 2 is reset by the sliding mechanism 3, and the rotation driving mechanism 5 is used to rotate, the furnace chamber 21 is switched, the furnace chamber 21 at room temperature is rotated to the position facing the measuring assembly 41, then the graphite rod which has completed the thermal expansion test in the test slot 414 is taken down, a new graphite rod 10 to be tested is replaced, the sliding mechanism 3 drives the resistance furnace 2 to be matched with the measuring assembly 41 again, the root of the sample-testing bracket sealing plug 413 of the measuring assembly 41 is provided with a sealing plug 415 correspondingly matched with the furnace chamber 21, the sealing plug 415 is matched with the furnace chamber 21 to form a closed space, the external vacuum-pumping equipment pumps air in the furnace chamber 21 through the vacuum-pumping hole 212, then protective gas is input through the gas inlet 211, and then the resistance heater 213 heats the furnace chamber 21 and the graphite rod 10 to be tested in the furnace chamber 21, the graphite rod was subjected to a thermal expansion test.
It is further explained that, in the heating process, in order to ensure that the graphite rod expands more uniformly when being heated, the friction assembly 42 is arranged at the bottom of the test slot 414, and the friction assembly 42 is used for driving the graphite rod to rotate automatically, so that the graphite rod expands more uniformly.
And, the driving gear 426 driving the friction assembly 42 to operate adopts the spaced missing teeth arrangement, so that the graphite rod is stopped in the rotating process, and the test of thermal expansion is carried out.
In order to improve the precision of the furnace chamber 21 in the process of testing the thermal expansion of graphite, when the rest furnace chambers 21 are not tested for the thermal expansion of graphite, the cleaning assembly 43 and the dust exhaust assembly 44 are respectively used for cooling and cleaning the inside of the furnace chamber 21, so that the furnace chamber 21 can be cooled more quickly and can be kept clean, the condition of dust deposition in the furnace chamber 21 can not occur, and the temperature is uneven in the heating process.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving testing precision is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing a standard sample, namely placing the standard sample with a known expansion coefficient in a test slot (414) of a sample measurement bracket (413) in a measurement mechanism (4) of a tester;
secondly, the furnace chamber is in place, the resistance furnace (2) facing the sample measuring bracket (413) is driven by a sliding mechanism (3) arranged at the bottom to move towards the sample measuring bracket (413), so that the sample measuring bracket (413) extends into the furnace chamber (21) of the resistance furnace (2);
step three, preprocessing, namely after the sample measuring bracket (413) extends into the furnace chamber (21) of the resistance furnace (2), vacuumizing through a vacuumizing hole (212) in the furnace chamber (21), and introducing protective gas through an air inlet (211) in the furnace chamber (21);
step four, standard sample testing, namely heating the standard sample in the furnace chamber (21) by a resistance heater (213) on the resistance furnace (2), testing the thermal expansion of the standard sample by a measuring assembly (41) in the measuring mechanism (4) to obtain a test value delta LMappingWill test the value Δ LMappingTrue expansion value DeltaL of standard sample under same temperature conditionSign boardComparing to obtain error value DeltaL of the testerIs a systemAnd Δ LMappingAnd Δ LSign boardThe relation between: delta LMapping＝△LSign board+△LIs a system；
Step five, switching furnace chambers, wherein after the standard sample test is completed, the sliding mechanism (3) drives the resistance furnace (2) to slide and reset, and after the resistance furnace (2) is reset, the rotary driving mechanism (5) drives the resistance furnace (2) to rotate, so that the furnace chamber (21) on the resistance furnace (2) is switched;
step six, sample testing, namely repeating the step one to the step four, placing the graphite rod (10) to be tested in the test groove (414) for thermal expansion testing, and obtaining a test value delta LSample testing，△LSample testingThe actual expansion value delta L of the graphite rod (10) to be measuredSample (A)There is a relationship between: delta LSample testing＝△LSample (A)+△LIs a systemTrue expansion value DeltaL of the graphite rod (10) to be measuredSample (A)＝△LSample testing-△LMapping+△LSign board。
2. The graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving the testing accuracy according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the sliding mechanism (3) comprises:
the sliding rail (31), the said sliding rail (31) is laid on horizontal container body (1) of the tester;
the sliding block (32), the sliding block (32) is installed on the sliding rail (31) in a sliding mode;
the sliding seat (33) is mounted on the sliding block (32), the sliding seat (33) embraces the resistance furnace (2), and the resistance furnace (2) is rotatably arranged relative to the sliding seat (33);
the lead screw nut (34), the said lead screw nut (34) is inlaid in the bottom of the slide carriage (33);
the screw rod (35) is rotatably arranged on the horizontal box body (1), and the screw rod (35) is provided with the screw rod nut (34); and
the sliding motor (36), the sliding motor (36) is installed in the machine head (11) at one side end of the horizontal box body (1), and the sliding motor (36) drives the screw rod (35) to rotate to drive the sliding seat (33) to slide.
3. The graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving the testing accuracy according to claim 2, wherein the sliding base (33) is provided with an air inlet pipe (331) and an evacuation pipe (332) which are respectively used for communicating with an air inlet hole (211) and an evacuation hole (212) on the furnace chamber (21).
4. The graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving the testing accuracy is characterized in that in the fourth step, the measuring assembly (41) comprises a transmission rod (411), a length sensor (412) and a sample testing bracket (413), the transmission rod (411) is arranged on the machine head (11) in a penetrating mode, the transmission rod (411) is arranged on one side, close to the resistance furnace (2), of the machine head (11), the length sensor (412) is connected with the transmission rod (411), the sample testing bracket (413) is arranged outside the transmission rod (411) in a sleeved mode, and a testing groove (414) used for placing a graphite rod (10) to be tested is formed in one end, opposite to the resistance furnace (2), of the sample testing bracket (413).
5. The graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving the testing accuracy according to claim 2, wherein in the fifth step, the rotary driving mechanism (5) comprises:
the driving motor (51), the said driving motor (51) is mounted on said slide carriage (33), the driving motor (51) is a servomotor;
a rotary gear (52), wherein the rotary gear (52) is mounted on a rotary shaft of the driving motor (51), and the rotary gear (52) rotates synchronously with the rotary shaft; and
the rotary gear ring (53), the rotary gear ring (53) is sleeved on the resistance furnace (2), and the rotary gear ring (53) is meshed with the rotary gear (52).
6. The graphite thermal expansion coefficient testing method for improving the testing accuracy is characterized in that a friction assembly (42) for driving the graphite rod (10) to rotate is arranged at the bottom of the testing groove (414), and the friction assembly (42) comprises:
the friction roller (421) is rotatably embedded at the bottom of the test slot (414), and a self-rotating gear (422) is sleeved at the end part, close to the transmission rod (411), of the friction roller (421);
the self-rotating gear ring (423) is sleeved on the transmission rod (411), and the self-rotating gear ring (423) is meshed with the self-rotating gear (422);
the sleeve (424), the said sleeve (424) is set up on the said drive link (411), the sleeve (424) and said autorotation ring gear (423) are connected and set up integrally;
a driven gear (425), wherein the driven gear (425) is sleeved on the other side end part of the sleeve (424) relative to the self-rotating gear ring (423);
a driving gear (426), wherein the driving gear (426) is rotatably arranged below the driven gear (425), and the driving gear (426) is meshed with the driven gear (425); and
a self-rotating motor (427), the self-rotating motor (427) is installed in the handpiece (11), and the self-rotating motor (427) drives the driving gear (426) to rotate.
7. The graphite thermal expansion coefficient test method for improving the test accuracy according to claim 6, wherein in synchronization with the step four, the measuring mechanism (4) further comprises a cleaning assembly (43), and the cleaning assembly (43) cleans the furnace chamber (21) which is not used for the test operation on the resistance furnace (2).
8. The graphite thermal expansion coefficient test method for improving the test accuracy according to claim 7, wherein the sweeping assembly (43) comprises:
the hollow shaft (431) is rotatably arranged on the machine head (11), an air inlet channel (432) is arranged in the hollow shaft (431) in a hollow mode, and a plurality of exhaust holes (434) are formed in the hollow shaft (431);
a brush (433), the brush (433) being disposed on an outer circumferential sidewall of the hollow shaft (431), the brush (433) being used to clean an inner wall of the cavity (21);
the linkage gear (435) is sleeved on the hollow shaft (431), and the linkage gear (435) is meshed with the driving gear (426); and
a control valve (436), wherein the control valve (436) is installed in an air inlet channel (432) of the hollow shaft (431), the control valve (436) is positioned at the connecting position of the hollow shaft (431) and the handpiece (11), and the control valve (436) controls the on-off of the air inlet channel (432).
9. The graphite thermal expansion coefficient test method for improving the test accuracy according to claim 6, wherein in synchronization with the step four, the measuring mechanism (4) further comprises a dust extraction assembly (44), and the dust extraction assembly (44) is used for performing dust extraction on the furnace chamber (21) which does not perform the test operation on the resistance furnace (2).
10. The graphite cte testing method for improving testing accuracy of claim 9, wherein the dust exhaust assembly (44) comprises:
the dust extraction pipe (441), the dust extraction pipe (441) is installed on the machine head (11), and the side wall of the dust extraction pipe (441) is provided with an extraction hole (442) for extracting impurities in the furnace chamber (21);
the transmission gear (443) is sleeved on the dust extraction pipe (441), and the transmission gear (443) is meshed with the driving gear (426); and
the starting valve (444) is installed in the dust extraction pipe (441), the starting valve (444) is located at the connecting position of the dust extraction pipe (441) and the machine head (11), and the starting valve (444) controls the on-off of the dust extraction pipe (441).
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| CN114252474A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-03-29 | 中钢新型材料股份有限公司 | High efficiency graphite thermal expansion tester |
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