CN114256972A - 一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法 Download PDF

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CN114256972A
CN114256972A CN202111474704.9A CN202111474704A CN114256972A CN 114256972 A CN114256972 A CN 114256972A CN 202111474704 A CN202111474704 A CN 202111474704A CN 114256972 A CN114256972 A CN 114256972A
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photovoltaic inverter
control
acquisition terminal
master station
photovoltaic
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葛玉磊
葛然
郑亚岗
孙彦鹏
李玉宁
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Qingdao Topscomm Communication Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00002—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by monitoring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00007—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
    • H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
    • H02J13/00022—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法，主要应用于电力系统领域中的低压配电台区。所述系统主要包括：采集终端、载波转Modbus转换器、光伏逆变器、分布式光伏，其特点在于各个系统之间可以通过电力线进行互相通讯并可以实现对光伏逆变器的本地控制；所述方法于采集终端在收到主站下发的限值参数后进行限值判断，将周期采集到的光伏逆变器运行参数与限值参数作比对，采集终端在收到主站下发的预测参数后进行预测判断，将统计的光伏逆变器光伏发电量与预测发电量作比对，最终根据控制策略执行控制，并上报相关控制事件到主站。

Description

一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法
技术领域
本发明设计低压配用电技术领域，具体涉及一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法。
背景技术
能源与环境问题不断显现的今天，发展可再生能源与调整传统能源结构的思路已经被广泛接受和认可，但是随着光伏以及分布式发电技术的不断发展，配电网中的科技成分将会越来越丰富，未来这些新技术将会带给供电网络更多机遇与挑战。目前分布式光伏的上网政策是先上后治，特别是国家调整的光伏补贴政策，加上居民以及厂家的推动，导致分布式光伏在无序快速增长，供电公司人员无法控制分布式光伏的容量。由于光伏电源输出具有波动性和随机性，电压的波动也是不可避免的，而由此将会带来较为普遍的谐波污染、电压闪变与波动以及电压越限等严重的电能质量问题，其将不仅给用户带来经济上的损失，还威胁到电气设备的安全性和可靠性。光照强度和温度都会对光伏的出力产生影响，由于外界环境不受人为控制，光照强度和温度随机变化，导致光伏出力也具有随机性和波动性，光伏这种特性不可避免的会引起电压质量问题。目前，对于光伏引起的配网电压越限问题还没有较为有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的不足和缺陷，提供了一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法，通过采集终端监测控制光伏逆变器的输出，有效控制分布式光伏的容量，针对光伏随机性、波动性的出力做出实时高效的控制措施，为提高电能质量提供了可靠性保障。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采取了以下技术方案：
一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法，由主站、采集终端、载波转Modbus转换器、光伏逆变器、分布式光伏组成，其中：
所述的主站通过4G/5G或以太网与采集终端实现远程通讯，下发参数限值、预测时间段及电量，接收采集终端事件上报；所述的采集终端通过载波模块及载波转Modbus转换器与光伏逆变器通讯，周期采集光伏逆变器运行数据，下发控制指令。
一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一、主站给采集终端下发光伏逆变器电压、有功功率、无功功率、功率因数等运行参数的限值、超限持续时间及允许上浮比例等参数，作为光伏逆变器超限判断的依据；下发光伏逆变器在指定时间段内的预测发电量，作为光伏逆变器预测判断的依据。
步骤二、采集终端进行超限判断：采集终端周期采集光伏逆变器的电压、有功功率、无功功率、功率因数等运行数据并与主站下发的参数限值作对比，若在连续周期内均超过限值则生成事件上报主站，并执行控制，将光伏逆变器的超限运行参数控制在限值以内。
步骤三、采集终端进行预测判断：采集终端周期采集光伏逆变器输出发电量并进行统计，在指定时间段内与主站下发预测发电量作对比，若超过预测值则生成事件上报主站，并执行控制，将指定时间段内光伏逆变器的输出功率限值定为零，达到关闭光伏逆变器输出的目的。
步骤四、对光伏逆变器执行控制：先采用柔性控制，下发控制指令控制光伏逆变器输出功率，从而达到控制其他运行参数的效果，并根据后续周期的采集数据判断柔性控制是否生效，若柔性控制失效，采用刚性控制，将光伏逆变器关机，并最终上报控制事件至主站。
与现有技术相比，本发明所取得的有益效果如下：
本发明提供了一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法，通过电力线串联当前台区内的设备，无需人工以及台区以外的设备进行辅助，并通过采集终端本地监测控制的方式，避免了传统主站远程透传控制中，由于通讯故障等原因导致的失败，针对光伏随机性、波动性的出力做出实时高效的控制措施，为减少光伏引起的配网电压越限、提高电能质量提供了可靠性保障。
附图说明
图1是本发明的光伏逆变器监测控制系统结构图。
图2是本发明的光伏逆变器超限判断流程图。
图3是本发明的光伏逆变器预测判断流程图。
附图标号：S1-S3为载波转Modbus转换器，M1-M3为光伏逆变器，B1-B3为分布式光伏。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不限定本发明。
一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法，如图1所示，包括由主站、采集终端、载波转Modbus转换器、光伏逆变器、分布式光伏组成的光伏逆变器监测控制系统。主站通过4G/5G或以太网与采集终端实现远程通讯，下发参数限值、预测时间段及电量，接收采集终端事件上报。采集终端通过载波模块及载波转Modbus转换器与光伏逆变器通讯，周期采集光伏逆变器运行数据，下发控制指令。
一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法，采用预测判断和超限判断相结合，主要包括如下步骤：
1、主站给采集终端下发光伏逆变器在指定时间段内的预测发电量，作为光伏逆变器预测判断的依据。由于分布式光伏发电时段特征明显，受季节、光照时间、光照强度影响大，预测发电量可根据当地实际情况，在不同月份不同时间段设置不同的预测发电量。
2、主站给采集终端下发光伏逆变器电压、有功功率、无功功率、功率因数等运行数据的限值，以及超限持续周期、允许上浮比例参数，作为光伏逆变器超限判断的依据。以典型参数，光伏逆变器的输出电压为例，可设置输出电压上限值为264V，恢复电压上限值为240V，超限持续周期为2周期，避免由于电压波动导致错误判断，连续两个采集周期均超过264V则视为超限，连续两个采集周期均恢复至250V以下时才视为恢复，以表示控制实际已生效。
3、采集终端周期采集光伏逆变器输出发电量并进行统计，由于分布式光伏发电时段特征明显，在光伏主要发电时段(如7:00-19:00)可配置高频采集任务，任务执行周期1分钟，对重点用户、重点时段高频监测电量、电压、有功功率、无功功率、功率因数等数据；其余时段可配置普通采集任务，任务指定周期15分钟，定时采集光伏逆变器的运行数据。在指定时间段内，将统计的光伏逆变器发电量与主站下发的预测发电量作对比，若超过预测值则生成预测事件上报主站，并执行控制。
4、如图2所示，若当前采集终端不在控制过程中，则进行超限判断：根据主站下发的超限持续周期，在连续周期内若采集到的光伏逆变器运行数据均大于主站下发的参数限值，则生成超限事件上报主站，并执行控制，将光伏逆变器的超限运行参数控制在限值以内。
5、如图3所示，若当前采集终端不在控制过程中，则进行预测判断：在指定时间段内，将所监测、统计的发电量与主站下发的预测发电量作对比，若超过预测值则生成预测事件上报主站，并执行控制，将指定时间段内光伏逆变器的输出功率限值定为零，达到关闭光伏逆变器输出的目的。
6、采集终端执行控制的策略为：先采用柔性控制，下发控制指令控制光伏逆变器输出功率，从而达到控制其他运行参数的效果，并根据后续周期的采集数据判断柔性控制是否生效。若三周期内所控制的光伏逆变器运行数据恢复到了限值以内，且恢复后连续两周期内未再超限，则视为柔性控制生效，若柔性控制失效，采用刚性控制，将光伏逆变器关机，并最终上报控制事件至主站。
以上所述，仅为本发明的可选实施例，并非是对本发明的其它形式的限制，任何相关领域的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实例，但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，这些变更及改型仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法，其特征在于，包括由主站、采集终端、载波转Modbus转换器、光伏逆变器、分布式光伏组成的光伏逆变器监测控制系统。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法，其特征在于，所述的系统中主站通过4G/5G或以太网与采集终端实现远程通讯，下发参数限值、预测时间段及电量，接收采集终端事件上报；采集终端通过载波模块及载波转Modbus转换器与光伏逆变器通讯，周期采集光伏逆变器运行数据，下发控制指令。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法，其特征在于，所述的方法采用预测判断和超限判断相结合，主站给采集终端下发光伏逆变器电压、有功功率、无功功率、功率因数等运行参数的限值，及超限持续时间、允许上浮比例参数，作为光伏逆变器超限判断的依据；主站给采集终端下发光伏逆变器在指定时间段内的预测发电量，作为光伏逆变器预测判断的依据。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法，其特征在于，所述的超限判断为，采集终端周期采集光伏逆变器的电压、有功功率、无功功率、功率因数等运行数据并与主站下发的参数限值作对比，在连续周期内若采集到的光伏逆变器运行数据均大于主站下发的参数限值，则生成超限事件上报主站，并执行控制，将光伏逆变器的超限运行参数控制在限值以内。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法，其特征在于，所述预测判断为，采集终端周期采集光伏逆变器输出发电量并进行统计，在指定时间段内与主站下发预测发电量作对比，若超过预测值则生成事件上报主站，并执行控制，将指定时间段内光伏逆变器的输出功率限值定为零，达到关闭光伏逆变器输出的目的。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的一种基于采集终端的光伏逆变器监测控制系统及方法，其特征在于，所述采集终端执行控制的策略为：先采用柔性控制，下发控制指令控制光伏逆变器输出功率，从而达到控制其他运行参数的效果，并根据后续周期的采集数据判断柔性控制是否生效，若柔性控制失效，采用刚性控制，将光伏逆变器关机，并最终上报控制事件至主站。
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