CN114249612A - Solar energy-assisted biological fermentation device and method and application thereof in recycling treatment of kitchen waste - Google Patents
Solar energy-assisted biological fermentation device and method and application thereof in recycling treatment of kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN114249612A CN114249612A CN202011026126.8A CN202011026126A CN114249612A CN 114249612 A CN114249612 A CN 114249612A CN 202011026126 A CN202011026126 A CN 202011026126A CN 114249612 A CN114249612 A CN 114249612A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/04—Biological compost
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
Abstract
The invention discloses a solar energy-assisted biological fermentation device and method and application thereof in recycling treatment of kitchen waste, wherein the device comprises a solar heat collector, a circulating pump and a sandwich type biological fermentation tank for containing the kitchen waste; the solar heat collector circularly conveys hot water to an interlayer of the interlayer type biological fermentation tank through the circulating pump after heating the water, so that the hot water circulates between the solar heat collector and the interlayer type biological fermentation tank to provide fermentation heat energy of the interlayer type biological fermentation tank. The invention utilizes the solar heat collector to collect heat to provide heat energy of circulating hot water for the kitchen garbage biological fermentation tank, utilizes the heat exchanger sandwich structure of the biological fermentation tank, and controls the water temperature in a certain temperature range, so that the heat generated by rapid fermentation maintains the optimal environment required by fermentation, and the economic efficiency is optimal; and the kitchen garbage fermentation process does not need electric heating, does not consume electric energy, and completely depends on solar energy, thereby greatly saving energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic kitchen waste treatment, and particularly relates to a solar energy-assisted biological fermentation device and method and application thereof in the in-situ treatment of kitchen waste recycling.
Background
The garbage is solid and fluid waste which is not needed or useless, the number of cities and urban population are greatly developed since the reform and the opening of China, the living standard of people is also greatly improved, therefore, the generation amount of the household garbage used as the urban public nuisance is also increased in a geometric index manner, and the garbage amount and the pollution problem are in surprise in large cities with dense population. The annual clearing and transporting amount of urban garbage in China is reported to reach 4 hundred million tons, and the urban garbage is increased at a rate of about 8 percent each year. The garbage is buried in cities, and if the garbage cannot be treated in time or is not treated properly, the environment is polluted, so that the garbage reaches a new stage of scientific, harmless and resource treatment.
The treatment of municipal solid waste, the realization of reduction, harmlessness and recycling, and the elimination of the pollution of municipal solid waste have become important problems which must be solved in China. The garbage can be classified into recyclable garbage (waste paper, plastic, glass, metal, cloth and the like), kitchen garbage (leftovers, vegetable leaves, fruit peels and the like), toxic and harmful garbage (waste batteries, waste fluorescent lamps, waste water silver thermometers, waste paint, waste household appliances, overdue medicines, overdue cosmetics and the like), and other garbage (tiles, ceramics, muck, fallen leaves generated in community greening, pruned branches and the like). Waste materials such as waste paper, plastics, metal and the like in recyclable garbage form an efficient recycling channel in folk, but some high-value-added waste materials are recycled due to lack of management, and a lot of recyclable waste materials are not recycled. Fallen leaves and branches in other garbage, including recyclable fabrics, broken shoes and rotten socks, polluted plastic paper and the like can be transported to a garbage incineration power plant for incineration power generation. The government of poisonous and harmful garbage has established a strict storage and transportation and consumption system, but the execution is not good and the management is not in place. The garbage such as bricks and tiles, ceramics, muck and recyclable glass products in other garbage is basically harmless, but is also basically permanently existing garbage, the environmental impact is larger after long-term accumulation, a garbage crushing plant is established in the government at present, and crushed fine materials have no pollution to the environment and can be used as building materials or backfilling.
The method has the biggest contradiction on in recycling and treating wet garbage such as fruits, vegetables, kitchen wastes and the like, and the community environment is directly influenced by poor treatment. The reason is as follows: firstly, it is extremely easily rotten, breeds a large amount of bacterium and virus and influences resident's health, produces a large amount of foul smell and influences the environment in district, must pull away the processing on the same day. The kitchen garbage has high water content and oil content, so that the garbage truck is required to have good tightness, but the actual transport vehicle cannot meet the tightness requirement, and the stinky water containing a large amount of bacteria and viruses is scattered once when the vehicle passes by, so that the environment is influenced and the health of people is harmed; secondly, when the garbage is transported to a garbage incineration power plant for incineration, the combustion efficiency is reduced due to the high water content of the garbage, a large amount of fuel needs to be added for supporting combustion, the economy is poor, and meanwhile, harmful substances such as dioxin and the like are generated without the combustion temperature, so that the health of people is directly endangered; thirdly, wet garbage pollutes the environment of a garbage incineration power plant, and the garbage is smelly and smoked. Therefore, how to treat wet garbage such as fruits and vegetables, kitchen waste and the like becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solar energy-assisted biological fermentation device and method and application thereof in recycling kitchen garbage, wherein solar energy is used for providing heat required by biological fermentation, and energy consumption is greatly reduced.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar energy assisted bio-fermentation apparatus, comprising a solar heat collector, a circulation pump and a sandwich type bio-fermentation tank for containing kitchen garbage to be fermented; the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank comprises a tank body and a sandwich structure wrapped on the outer surface of the tank body; the solar heat collector heats water and then conveys the water to the sandwich structure of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank through the circulating pump, so that hot water circulates between the solar heat collector and the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank to provide heat energy required by fermentation of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank.
According to the invention, the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank is of a U-shaped structure, and a water outlet and a water inlet are arranged at the bottom of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank in parallel.
According to the invention, the top of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank is of an open structure or is provided with double-layer heat-insulating glass or is of a closed structure, and the top of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank is provided with an oxygen input port leading to the interior of the biological fermentation tank.
According to the invention, a spiral stirring paddle is arranged in the sandwich type biological fermentation tank to stir kitchen waste in the tank so as to ferment the kitchen waste in an oxygen-consuming manner; the stirring speed of the spiral stirring paddle is 1-2 r/min.
Preferably, the thickness of the sandwich structure is 30-50 mm.
Preferably, the sandwich structure extends from the bottom of the tank body to the opening end, and the coating area of the sandwich structure accounts for 10-20% of the total surface area of the outer part of the tank body.
According to the invention, the solar energy auxiliary type biological fermentation device also comprises a temperature detection device and a control device, and the temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of circulating water and controlling the starting and the closing of the circulating pump.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a fermentation method of the solar energy assisted biological fermentation device, comprising the following steps: s1, adding a VT microbial inoculum into the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank, wherein the addition amount of the VT microbial inoculum is one thousandth of the mass of the material; opening the temperature detection device and the control device, and controlling the circulating pump to be started when the water temperature of the solar heat collector is detected to reach 40 ℃; s2, the circulating pump starts to convey water of the solar heat collector to the water inlet of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank, then the water enters the fermentation tank and circulates in the sandwich structure of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank, then the water flows out of the water outlet of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank and flows back to the solar heat collector, and the circulating water provides heat energy required by fermentation of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank.
According to the invention, the diameter of the kitchen garbage in the sandwich type biological fermentation tank is less than 10 mm. Preferably, the kitchen garbage is fermented under circulating water of 40-50 ℃ for 10-15 days to be converted into organic fertilizer. Preferably, the kitchen garbage is fermented under circulating water of 50-70 degrees for 7-10 days to be converted into organic fertilizer.
According to the other aspect of the invention, the application of the solar energy auxiliary type biological fermentation device in kitchen waste treatment is also provided.
According to another aspect of the invention, a kitchen waste recycling in-situ treatment system is also provided, which comprises any one of the solar energy auxiliary type biological fermentation devices.
Preferably, the kitchen waste recycling in-situ treatment system further comprises: the feeding sorting device is provided with a sorting platform, kitchen waste is collected on the sorting platform and then sorted, and the remaining kitchen waste is conveyed to the primary dewatering device along a pipeline; the water washing desalting device is arranged above a pipeline for conveying the sorted kitchen waste to the primary dewatering device, and water washing is carried out on the kitchen waste in the conveying process for desalting; the primary dehydration device is provided with a liquid outlet and a solid outlet, and the dehydrated oil-water mixture is sent into the oil-water separation device through the liquid outlet; the dehydrated solid is sent into a crushing device through a solid outlet, and is sent into an extrusion dehydration device after two-stage crushing; the extrusion dehydration device is provided with a liquid outlet and a solid outlet, the oil-water mixture after extrusion dehydration is sent to the oil-water separation device, the solid mixture is sent to the biological fermentation device for fermentation to obtain organic fertilizer after fermentation, and odor generated in the fermentation process is sent to the gas purification device for purification to obtain clean air; and the oil-water separation device is used for separating oil from the oil-water mixture conveyed by the primary dehydration device and the extrusion dehydration device, the generated sewage is conveyed to the water treatment device, the water purified by the water treatment device is conveyed to the water washing desalination device for cyclic utilization, and the rest sewage is discharged to a domestic sewage pipeline.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a treatment method using any one of the above kitchen waste recycling in-situ treatment systems, comprising the steps of: collecting the kitchen waste on a sorting platform of a feeding sorting device for sorting, only remaining the kitchen waste to be conveyed along a pipeline, and spraying water to the kitchen waste for washing and desalting during conveying; sequentially carrying out primary dehydration and crushing on the desalted kitchen waste, extruding and dehydrating the crushed kitchen waste, and carrying out oil-water separation on an oil-water mixture subjected to the primary dehydration and extrusion dehydration and an oil-water mixture subjected to the primary dehydration to separate oil; feeding the solid garbage after extrusion dehydration into a fermentation device for biological fermentation to obtain organic fertilizer; sending odor generated by biological fermentation into a gas purification device for purification to obtain clean air; the water from which the grease is removed after the oil-water separation is sent into a water treatment device, the filtered clean water is sent into a washing desalination device for cyclic utilization, and the generated sewage is discharged into a domestic sewage pipeline.
Preferably, the crushing step is divided into primary crushing and secondary crushing, wherein the primary crushing is used for crushing kitchen garbage with the size of more than 50mm into the size of less than 50 mm; the size of the kitchen garbage after the secondary crushing is less than 10 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) according to the invention, the sandwich type structure arranged outside the biological fermentation tank is utilized, the solar heat collector provides circulating hot water for the sandwich structure of the biological fermentation tank, and the hot water enters the sandwich structure of the fermentation tank for circulation, so that the biological fermentation tank is heated, and then the heat is transferred to the kitchen garbage in the tank body, and the kitchen garbage is promoted to be rapidly fermented. Through the thickness of the design sandwich structure and the control sandwich structure cladding jar body outside 10 ~ 20% of total surface area to with hot water volume and temperature control in certain extent in the sandwich structure, make the internal temperature of jar be in living biological fungus best active temperature just, make the heat that the quick fermentation produced maintain the required best environment of fermentation, be unlikely to because of the temperature is too high or unstable with biological fungus roast die, make kitchen garbage high efficiency fermentation, the fermentation effect is the highest, economic nature is best. The water temperature is controlled within a certain temperature range, so that the heat generated by rapid fermentation maintains the optimal environment required by fermentation, and the economy is optimal; and the kitchen garbage fermentation process does not need electric heating, does not consume electric energy, and completely depends on solar energy, thereby greatly saving energy.
2) The invention adopts a brand-new fermentation microbial inoculum (VT microbial inoculum, Beijing Wo soil Tiandi Biotech limited) which has high fermentation speed and good degradation effect on NaCl; the fermentation is thorough, and the reduction amount reaches 95 percent; the organic fertilizer which can reach the national standard is generated and can be directly used for crops, green plants and the like, thereby achieving multiple purposes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar-assisted biological fermentation apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the in-situ treatment of kitchen waste.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the kitchen garbage recycling in-situ treatment system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be emphasized that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention, are some, not all, and therefore do not limit the invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a solar energy auxiliary energy type biological fermentation device, which comprises a solar heat collector, a circulating pump and a sandwich type biological fermentation tank for containing kitchen waste. The solar heat collector circularly conveys hot water to an interlayer of the interlayer type biological fermentation tank through the circulating pump after heating the water, so that the hot water circulates between the solar heat collector and the interlayer type biological fermentation tank to provide heat energy required by fermentation of the interlayer type biological fermentation tank. Sandwich-type fermentation tank includes jar body and wraps up at the sandwich structure 40 of external surface of jar, and sandwich-type fermentation tank is U type structure, and the bottom is provided with outlet 10 and water inlet 20 side by side. In other embodiments of the invention, which are not shown in the figures, the outlet 10 and the inlet 20 can also be arranged on both sides of the sandwich-type fermenter or elsewhere.
In one embodiment of the invention, the top of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank is in an open structure. In another embodiment, the top of the glass can be provided with double layers of insulating glass.
In one embodiment of the invention, the top of the sandwich-type fermenter is closed and is provided with an oxygen inlet into the tank. Preferably, an inwardly extending inlet tube may be provided at the oxygen inlet.
According to the invention, a spiral stirrer 30 is arranged at the bottom in the tank body of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank to stir kitchen waste in the tank body, so that solidification is reduced, and oxygen consumption fermentation is accelerated. The stirring speed of the spiral stirring paddle 30 is 1-2 r/min. The material pouring, stirring and temperature curve in the biological fermentation tank are all automatically completed under the control of a computer. A shaft sleeve is arranged between the spiral stirrer 30 and the inner wall of the biological fermentation tank, and the spiral stirrer 30 is connected with a motor through belt transmission.
Preferably, the thickness of the sandwich structure 40 of the sandwich-type bio-fermentation tank is 30-50 mm. The sandwich structure 40 extends from the bottom of the tank body to the opening end, and the coating area of the sandwich structure 40 accounts for 10-20% of the total surface area of the outer part of the tank body.
Preferably, the exterior of the sandwich structure 40 is further covered with an insulating layer, and the inner wall of the tank body is further provided with a temperature sensor to monitor the temperature of the kitchen waste in the tank body.
According to the invention, the solar energy auxiliary type biological fermentation device also comprises a detection device and a control device, and the detection device and the control device are used for detecting the temperature of circulating water and controlling the starting and the closing of the circulating pump.
The invention also provides a fermentation method of the solar energy auxiliary energy type biological fermentation device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, adding VT microbial inoculum into the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank according to the mass proportion of one thousandth of the material, starting a detection device and a control device, and controlling a circulating pump to be started when detecting that the water temperature of a solar heat collector reaches 40 ℃;
s2, the circulating pump starts to convey water of the solar thermal collector to the water inlet 20 of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank, then the water enters the fermentation tank and circulates in the sandwich structure 40, the water returns to the solar thermal collector through the water outlet 10 of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank, and the circulating water provides heat energy required by fermentation of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank.
Preferably, the diameter of the kitchen garbage in the sandwich type biological fermentation tank is less than 10 mm. Kitchen waste in the sandwich type biological fermentation tank can be efficiently fermented under circulating water of 40-50 ℃ for 10-15 days, and the mixed material rich in organic matters is degraded into micromolecular organic fertilizer which is easily absorbed and utilized by crops under the action of microorganisms; or the kitchen waste in the sandwich type biological fermentation tank is efficiently fermented for 7-10 days under circulating water of 50-70 degrees.
The invention adopts solar energy for heating, so that the temperature of circulating water in an interlayer of the biological fermentation tank reaches 40-70 degrees, the temperature is just at the optimal active temperature of biological bacteria, the fermentation is efficient, the heat is provided by the solar energy without power consumption, the problem of energy consumption is solved by utilizing renewable resources, the industry can not lose the heat, and the biomass fermentation tank can actually survive. After fermentation, the product is automatically discharged or directly packaged in bags, and can be used as an organic fertilizer to return to gardens or farmlands for application, or further processed deeply to prepare an organic compound fertilizer, so that high-value utilization of the organic compound fertilizer is realized.
The invention also provides application of the solar energy-assisted biological fermentation device in recycling kitchen waste.
As shown in figures 2 and 3, the invention also provides a kitchen waste recycling in-situ treatment system, which comprises any one of the solar auxiliary energy type biological fermentation devices. The kitchen waste recycling in-situ treatment system further comprises: a feeding sorting device 100, a washing desalting device 200, a primary dewatering device 300, an oil-water separation device 400, a crushing device 500, an extrusion dewatering device 600, a biological fermentation device 700 and a gas purification device 800. The feeding and sorting device 100 has a sorting platform, and the kitchen waste is collected on the sorting platform and then sorted, and only the kitchen waste is left to be conveyed to the primary dewatering device 300 along the pipeline. The water washing desalination device 200 is disposed above a pipeline for conveying the sorted kitchen waste to the primary dehydration device 300, and sprays water to the kitchen waste for desalination during the conveying process. The first-stage dehydration device 300 has a liquid outlet and a solid outlet, the dehydrated oil-water mixture is sent to the oil-water separation device 400 through the liquid outlet, the dehydrated solid is sent to the crushing device 500 through the solid outlet, and is sent to the extrusion dehydration device 600 after two-stage crushing. The extrusion dehydration device 600 is provided with a liquid outlet and a solid outlet, the liquid outlet is communicated with the oil-water separation device, the solid outlet is communicated with the biological fermentation device 700, the fermentation device 700 is communicated with the gas purification device 800, and the polluted gas generated in the fermentation process is conveyed to the gas purification device 800 to be purified, so that the clean air is obtained. The inlet of the oil-water separation device 400 is respectively communicated with the liquid outlets of the primary dewatering device 300 and the extrusion dewatering device 600, oil and fat are separated from the sent oil-water mixture, the outlet is communicated with the water purification device, the water purification device is provided with two outlets, one end of the water purification device is communicated with the water washing desalination device 200 and is used for sending purified water into the water washing desalination device 200 for cyclic utilization, the other end of the water purification device is communicated with a domestic sewage pipeline, and the remaining sewage is discharged to the domestic sewage pipeline.
The invention also provides a treatment method of the kitchen waste recycling in-situ treatment system, which comprises the following steps: gather into kitchen garbage and sort on material loading sorting unit's the letter sorting platform, meticulous classification, kitchen cabinet, fruit vegetables class organic rubbish through the letter sorting system, with obvious bold debris letter sorting out such as plastics, iron, glass and wood, only leave kitchen garbage along the pipeline conveying, spray the washing desalination to kitchen garbage in the data send into one-level dewatering device dehydration afterwards, obtain liquid water oil mixture and solid-state kitchen garbage. The solid kitchen garbage is crushed, and after the large materials are crushed, the microbial reaction and the property improvement of the product fertilizer are more facilitated. Preferably, the crushing step is divided into primary crushing and secondary crushing, wherein the primary crushing is used for crushing kitchen garbage with the size of more than 50mm into the size of less than 50 mm; the size of the kitchen garbage after the secondary crushing is less than 10 mm. And (3) squeezing and dehydrating the crushed kitchen waste, and separating oil and water of the oil-water mixture after squeezing and dehydration and the oil-water mixture after primary dehydration to separate grease. And conveying the rest crushed kitchen waste after extrusion dehydration into a biological fermentation device through an automatic conveyor belt for fermentation to obtain the organic fertilizer. Sending odor generated by biological fermentation into a gas purification device for purification to obtain clean air; the water from which the grease is removed after the oil-water separation is sent into a water treatment device, the filtered clean water is sent into a washing desalination device for cyclic utilization, and the generated sewage is discharged into a domestic sewage pipeline.
The kitchen waste recycling in-situ treatment system integrates multiple functions of automatic feeding, material mixing, step-by-step dehydration, synchronous deoiling, mixed material crushing, continuous biological fermentation, deodorization technology and the like, and can realize simultaneous treatment of different materials in different modes. The method adopts a three-level dehydration and biological fermentation mode, realizes that the integral decrement rate reaches more than 90 percent, reduces the integral energy consumption by more than 80 percent, adopts a unique fermentation bin body design, realizes continuous operation, ensures that the feeding time is not influenced by the operation mode of equipment, is divided into three sections in the fermentation bin, automatically pours the material overflow mode into the fermentation bin, realizes the graded phase splitting of microorganisms in the fermentation process, ensures the stable property of the material output by the equipment, integrates an intelligent control and remote monitoring system, has clear and simple operation interface, sets and operates the working state of the equipment, realizes the functions of automatic operation, unattended operation, timely data monitoring, acquisition, storage, monitoring, wireless transmission and the like. The floor area is little, and service environment requires lowly, and equipment modularization, integrated manufacturing make convenient transport and installation.
The kitchen waste on-site treatment system is characterized in that all technological treatment processes such as waste classification, resource treatment, water treatment and toxic and harmful gas purification are concentrated in a closed container, waste directly enters the device for classification and treatment, only organic fertilizer and clean air are obtained, no odor and bacteria and viruses exist, the container can be 3m, 8m in external dimension, the occupied area is small, the community environment is not affected, the system is easy to be implemented on the ground, a 2000-family community has the occupied area of only 25 square meters, the system is integrally manufactured in a factory, residents are integrally hoisted in place on site, and the system can be started to operate by connecting upper water, lower water and a power supply.
The kitchen waste on-site treatment system for treating kitchen waste has the following beneficial effects:
1) the kitchen waste recycling in-situ treatment system can be directly placed in a residential community in a container mode, so that the classified kitchen waste can be directly treated into organic fertilizers in situ without being transported outside to restore the residential community for greening, the community environment is beautified, a series of problems caused by transportation are solved, meanwhile, fallen leaves, branches, grass roots and the like generated by greening are treated into the organic fertilizers along with the kitchen waste, waste is turned into wealth, and the comprehensive cost is lowest. Therefore, the on-site treatment system can recycle the kitchen waste to the maximum extent and reduce the cost of cleaning and disposal to the maximum extent.
1) By taking organic domestic wastes such as fruit and vegetable wastes, kitchen wastes and kitchen wastes generated in residential areas, catering service units and fruit and vegetable markets as treatment objects, aiming at the series of problems such as incomplete existing treatment facilities and the like, the method provides a new technical mode of 'on-site harmless treatment and resource recycling using rapid biological fermentation treatment as a core technology' by taking low-energy source treatment and high-efficiency recycling of organic wastes (including kitchen wastes, fruit and vegetable wastes, kitchen wastes and the like) as key technical means, develops an automatic operation and supervision service platform of the whole process of kitchen waste treatment based on the Internet of things, implements on-site harmless treatment and resource recycling of the generated kitchen/fruit and vegetable organic wastes, converts the wastes into organic fertilizers and other resource substances by using an on-site biological treatment technology, and realizes the recovery and utilization of organic fertilizers in cities and rural areas, the system solves the problems of urban and rural environment and food safety, and promotes the development of new rural and urban areas. The method has the advantages of low investment, small occupied area, high treatment efficiency, one-time complete fermentation, direct application of the discharged materials after reaching the standard, no need of repeatedly throwing strains in the treatment process, no need of adding any auxiliary materials, reduction, harmlessness, recycling and the like, the reduction rate of the organic garbage reaches over 90 percent, the harmlessness rate reaches 100 percent, and the recycling rate reaches 100 percent.
Aiming at the characteristics of high salt content, high oil content, high fiber content in fruit and vegetable waste materials, high cell wall saccharification and the like of domestic kitchen waste materials, the invention adopts VT microbial inoculum, is a high-efficiency microbial active bacterium, and integrates dominant floras of fats, carbohydrates and proteins.
The foregoing is only a preferred application of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A solar energy auxiliary energy type biological fermentation device is characterized by comprising a solar heat collector, a circulating pump and a sandwich type biological fermentation tank for containing kitchen garbage to be fermented; the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank comprises a tank body and a sandwich structure (40) wrapped on the outer surface of the tank body; the solar heat collector heats water and then conveys the water to a sandwich structure (40) of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank through a circulating pump, so that hot water circulates between the solar heat collector and the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank to provide heat energy required by fermentation of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank.
2. The solar energy assisted biofermentation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the sandwich-type biofermentation tank is of a U-shaped structure, and a water outlet (10) and a water inlet (20) are arranged in parallel at the bottom of the sandwich-type biofermentation tank.
3. The solar energy assisted biofermentation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the top of the sandwich-type biofermentation tank is open or has a double layer of insulating glass (50) or is closed, and has an oxygen inlet to the inside of the biofermentation tank.
4. The solar energy assisted biological fermentation device of claim 1, wherein a spiral stirring paddle (30) is arranged in the sandwich type biological fermentation tank to stir the kitchen garbage in the tank to make the kitchen garbage consume oxygen for fermentation.
Preferably, the thickness of the sandwich structure (40) is 30-50 mm.
Preferably, the sandwich structure (40) extends from the bottom of the tank body to the opening end, and the coating area of the sandwich structure (40) accounts for 10-20% of the total surface area of the outer part of the tank body.
5. The solar-assisted biofermentation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature detecting device and a control device for detecting the temperature of the circulating water and controlling the on and off of the circulating pump.
6. A fermentation method using the solar-assisted biofermentation apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1, adding a VT microbial inoculum into the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank, wherein the addition amount of the VT microbial inoculum is one thousandth of the mass of the material; opening the temperature detection device and the control device, and controlling the circulating pump to be started when the water temperature of the solar heat collector is detected to reach 40 ℃;
s2, the circulating pump starts to convey water of the solar heat collector to a water inlet (20) of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank, then the water enters the fermentation tank and circulates in a sandwich structure (40) of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank, the water flows out through a water outlet (10) of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank and flows back to the solar heat collector, and heat energy required by fermentation of the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank is provided through the circulating water.
7. The fermentation method according to claim 6, wherein the diameter of the kitchen waste in the sandwich-type biological fermentation tank is less than 10 mm.
Preferably, the kitchen garbage is fermented under circulating water of 40-50 ℃ for 10-15 days to be converted into organic fertilizer.
Preferably, the kitchen garbage is fermented under circulating water of 50-70 degrees for 7-10 days to be converted into organic fertilizer.
8. Use of the solar-assisted biofermentation apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 5 in kitchen waste treatment.
9. An in-situ kitchen waste recycling treatment system, which comprises the solar-assisted biological fermentation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
Preferably, the kitchen waste recycling in-situ treatment system further comprises:
the feeding and sorting device (100) is provided with a sorting platform, kitchen waste is collected on the sorting platform and then sorted, and the remaining kitchen waste is conveyed to the primary dewatering device (300) along a pipeline;
the washing desalting device (200) is arranged above a pipeline for conveying the sorted kitchen waste to the primary dewatering device (300), and the kitchen waste is sprayed with water for washing in the conveying process for desalting;
the primary dehydration device (300) is provided with a liquid outlet and a solid outlet, and the dehydrated oil-water mixture is sent into the oil-water separation device (400) through the liquid outlet; the dehydrated solid is sent into a crushing device (500) through a solid outlet, and is sent into an extrusion dehydration device (600) after being crushed in two stages;
the extrusion dehydration device (600) is provided with a liquid outlet and a solid outlet, the oil-water mixture after extrusion dehydration is sent to the oil-water separation device (400), the solid mixture is sent to the biological fermentation device (700) for fermentation to obtain organic fertilizer, and odor generated in the fermentation process is sent to the gas purification device (800) for purification to obtain clean air;
and the oil-water separation device (400) is used for separating grease after receiving the oil-water mixture conveyed by the primary dehydration device (300) and the extrusion dehydration device (600), the generated sewage is conveyed to the water treatment device, the water purified by the water purification device is conveyed to the washing desalination device (200) for cyclic utilization, and the rest sewage is discharged to a domestic sewage pipeline.
10. A method of treating the kitchen waste in-situ treatment system according to claim 9, comprising the steps of:
collecting the kitchen waste on a sorting platform of a feeding sorting device for sorting, only remaining the kitchen waste to be conveyed along a pipeline, and spraying water to the kitchen waste for washing and desalting during conveying;
sequentially carrying out primary dehydration and crushing on the desalted kitchen waste, extruding and dehydrating the crushed kitchen waste, and carrying out oil-water separation on an oil-water mixture subjected to the primary dehydration and extrusion dehydration and an oil-water mixture subjected to the primary dehydration to separate oil;
and (3) feeding the solid garbage after extrusion dehydration into a fermentation device for biological fermentation to obtain the organic fertilizer. Sending odor generated by biological fermentation into a gas purification device for purification to obtain clean air;
the water from which the grease is removed after the oil-water separation is sent into a water treatment device, the filtered clean water is sent into a washing desalination device for cyclic utilization, and the generated sewage is discharged into a domestic sewage pipeline.
Preferably, the crushing step is divided into primary crushing and secondary crushing, wherein the primary crushing is used for crushing kitchen garbage with the size of more than 50mm into the size of less than 50 mm; the size of the kitchen garbage after the secondary crushing is less than 10 mm.
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