CN110723993A - Organic fertilizer system is prepared to wet rubbish - Google Patents
Organic fertilizer system is prepared to wet rubbish Download PDFInfo
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- CN110723993A CN110723993A CN201910915122.6A CN201910915122A CN110723993A CN 110723993 A CN110723993 A CN 110723993A CN 201910915122 A CN201910915122 A CN 201910915122A CN 110723993 A CN110723993 A CN 110723993A
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- degradation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
- C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
- B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
- B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
- B30B9/14—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing operating with only one screw or worm
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
Abstract
The invention discloses a system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage, which comprises a garbage sorting machine, a crushing machine, an extrusion dehydration device, a garbage lifting device, a liquid collector, a liquid pumping pump, an oil-water separator, an oil collecting container, a sewage treatment device, a degradation machine, a closed degradation material conveyor, a degradation material concentrator, a powder drying machine and a bagging machine, wherein the garbage sorting machine is used for sorting out metal materials in the leftover garbage, the sorted leftover garbage is crushed by the crushing machine and is conveyed into the extrusion dehydration device, the leftover garbage is conveyed into a feeding port of the degradation machine by using the garbage lifting device after being dehydrated by the extrusion dehydration device, and liquid extruded by the extrusion dehydration device and liquid drained by the garbage sorting machine flow into the liquid collector. Because the garbage is crushed and dewatered and deoiled by extrusion, the oil and the salt are separated before degradation, which is helpful for improving the biological activity and the degradation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a food waste treatment device, in particular to a system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage.
Background
The food waste refers to food waste, food residues, food processing waste, non-edible animal and vegetable oil and fat and various oil-water mixtures in families, schools, institutions, public dining halls and catering industries, is part of municipal domestic waste, and occupies a high proportion of the municipal domestic waste. At present, the main modes of treating the food waste in China are as follows: 1. crushing and direct discharging treatment: the crushing and direct discharging treatment is a main method for treating a small amount of dispersed kitchen waste in European and American countries, and is characterized in that the kitchen waste is directly crushed and crushed at a kitchen waste generating point, then is discharged into an urban municipal sewer network by adopting hydraulic flushing, and is combined with municipal sewage to enter an urban sewage treatment plant for centralized treatment. The disadvantage is that the pressure of sewage disposal of municipal sewer pipe network is increased and water resources are wasted. 2. And (3) landfill treatment: kitchen waste in many areas of China is sent into a landfill site together with common waste for landfill treatment. The biggest defect of landfill treatment is that the waste of the meals is not effectively utilized. 3. And (3) feed treatment: the principle is that the high-temperature disinfection principle is adopted, viruses are killed, and the feed is processed into feed after being crushed and can be eaten by livestock and poultry. 4. Energy regeneration treatment: the energy treatment of the kitchen waste is rapidly rising in recent years, and mainly comprises an incineration method, a thermal decomposition method, fermentation hydrogen production and the like. The incineration method has high kitchen waste treatment efficiency, and finally generates about 5% of residues beneficial to disposal, but the kitchen waste has high water content and low heat value, and auxiliary fuel needs to be added during combustion, so that the problem of large investment is caused, and meanwhile, the tail gas treatment is also a difficult problem. 5. And (3) fertilizer treatment: the method for treating the kitchen waste into fertilizer mainly comprises aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion. The existing aerobic composting process is that under the aerobic condition, extracellular enzymes secreted by aerobic microorganisms are utilized to decompose organic solids into soluble organic substances, and then the soluble organic substances permeate into cells, and the whole composting process is realized through the metabolism of the microorganisms. Anaerobic digestion treatment of kitchen waste refers to that under specific anaerobic conditions, microorganisms decompose organic waste, wherein carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are converted into methane and carbon dioxide, and elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are remained in residues and are converted into a form which is easily absorbed and utilized by animals and plants.
Through retrieval, the national intellectual property office discloses a patent document with a publication number of CN208466821U in 2019, 2 months and 5 days, and the kitchen waste biodegradation equipment is characterized in that: comprises a degradation bin body, a stirring device, a driving device, a transmission device, an air draft device and an electric control system, wherein the stirring device is arranged in the degradation bin body, the electric control system and the air draft device are arranged outside the degradation bin body, the electric control system controls the operation of the stirring device through the driving device and the transmission device, the electric control system controls the operation of the air draft device, the stirring device comprises a stirring shaft which is rotationally connected with the degradation bin body, a plurality of stirring arms are arranged on the stirring shaft, the length direction of the stirring arms is vertical to the axial direction of the stirring shaft, the plurality of stirring arms are spirally arranged on the stirring shaft, a feeding door is arranged at the top of the degradation bin body, a discharging door is arranged on the side surface of the degradation bin body, the feeding door and the discharging door are respectively provided with a safety sensing device, the safety sensing device is in, the interior of the interlayer cavity is provided with a heating device and an oil temperature detector, heat conducting oil is injected, a plurality of humidity detectors and bin temperature detectors are arranged at different positions in the degradation bin body, the humidity detectors and the bin temperature detectors are in signal connection with an electric control device, and the exterior of the degradation bin body is coated with aerobic degradation equipment of which the heat preservation layer does not discover related food waste. The technical scheme of the patent only has a humidity detector, and does not have the technical content of adjusting the humidity of the air. And waste heat is not recycled, so that energy conservation and environmental protection are not enough.
The existing degradation machine does not carry out deoiling and desalting treatment before degrading the garbage, so that the existing degradation machine is not beneficial to the survival of microorganisms, the activity of the microorganisms is lower, and the degradation efficiency is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention aims to provide a system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage with high degradation efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage comprises a garbage sorting machine, a pulverizer, an extrusion dehydration device, a garbage lifting device, a liquid collector, a liquid pump, an oil-water separator, an oil collecting container, a sewage treatment device, a degradation machine, a closed degradation material conveyor, a degradation material concentrator, a powder dryer and a bagging machine, wherein the garbage sorting machine is used for sorting out metal materials in the leftover garbage, the sorted leftover garbage is crushed by the pulverizer and sent into the extrusion dehydration device, the leftover garbage is dehydrated by the extrusion dehydration device and then sent into a feeding port of the degradation machine by the garbage lifting device, liquid extruded by the extrusion dehydration device and liquid drained by the garbage sorting machine flow into the liquid collector, the liquid in the liquid collector is sent into the oil-water separator by the liquid pump, oil separated by the oil-water separator flows into the oil collecting container, and water separated by the oil-water separator is sent into the sewage treatment device for purification treatment, the degradable material in the degradation machine enters a closed degradable material conveyor through a discharge port, the closed degradable material conveyor conveys the degradable material into a degradable material thickener, the degradable material thickener conveys the concentrated material into a powder dryer, and powder discharged from the powder dryer is conveyed into a bagging machine for bagging.
The degradation machine comprises a degradation bin, an air supply pipeline, an air humidifier, a humidity sensor and a controller, wherein the top of the degradation bin is communicated with one end of the air supply pipeline, an exhaust fan is arranged on the air exhaust pipeline, aerobic degradation microorganisms are added in the degradation bin, fresh air enters the degradation bin through the air supply pipeline, a steam outlet of the air humidifier is communicated with the air supply pipeline, the humidity sensor is used for detecting the humidity in the degradation bin, the humidity sensor is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is used for carrying out on-off control on the air humidifier; the heat exchanger comprises a fresh air inlet, a fresh air outlet, a waste gas inlet and a waste gas outlet, a waste gas channel and a fresh air channel are arranged inside the heat exchanger, waste gas in the waste gas channel exchanges heat with fresh air in the fresh air channel, an air supply pipeline is communicated with the fresh air outlet, the waste gas inlet is communicated with the other end of an air suction pipeline, and the waste gas outlet is connected with an air inlet of the deodorization device through a pipeline.
Further, deodorizing device includes box, anion high pressure static electric wire netting and activated carbon layer, the lateral wall lower part of box is equipped with the air inlet, and the lateral wall upper portion of box is equipped with the gas vent, anion high pressure static electric wire netting is established and is separated the box for upper and lower two parts in the box, and the air inlet is located the below of anion high pressure static electric wire netting, and the activated carbon layer is established in the box and is located the top of anion high pressure static electric wire netting, and the gas vent is located the top of activated carbon layer, and waste gas gets into the box from the air inlet, discharges from the gas vent through anion high pressure static electric wire netting and activated carbon layer in.
Further, still include temperature sensor and heating device, heating device is used for heating the surplus rubbish of meal in the degradation storehouse, and temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature in the degradation storehouse, and temperature sensor and controller electricity are connected, the controller carries out on-off control to heating device.
Further, the heating device comprises a steam heat medium input pipe, an electromagnetic valve and a steam heat medium return pipe, a jacket is arranged on the periphery of the degradation bin, the steam heat medium input pipe and the steam heat medium return pipe are respectively communicated with the jacket, the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the steam heat medium input pipe, and the controller is used for controlling the electromagnetic valve to be switched on and off; the steam heat medium reflux pipe is communicated with the boiler through the other end of the steam heat medium input pipe and the other end of the steam heat medium reflux pipe.
Furthermore, the feeding port is arranged at the top of the degradation bin and close to one end of the degradation bin, the discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the degradation bin and close to the other end of the degradation bin, the feeding port is connected with a surplus food garbage input pipe in a sealing mode, the discharging port is provided with a discharging baffle, the discharging baffle is installed in a guide rail at the bottom of the degradation bin, and the discharging baffle moves along the guide rail to open or close the discharging port; the discharging baffle plate is driven to move along the guide rail by the motor through the transmission mechanism; the transmission mechanism comprises a gear and a gear row, the gear row is meshed with the gear, the gear is installed on an output shaft of the motor, and the gear row is arranged on the bottom surface of the discharging baffle.
The device further comprises a pushing spiral and a motor, wherein the pushing spiral is arranged in the degradation bin, and the motor drives the pushing spiral to rotate through a transmission mechanism; the length of the material pushing spiral is less than one half of the length of the degradation bin.
The extrusion dehydration device comprises a motor, a pushing spiral, a dehydration cylinder and an S-shaped extrusion cylinder, wherein a plurality of drain holes are distributed on the cylinder walls of the dehydration cylinder and the S-shaped extrusion cylinder, the pushing spiral is positioned in the dehydration cylinder, the dehydration cylinder is transversely arranged, the motor is arranged at one end of the dehydration cylinder and is connected with the pushing spiral, the other end of the dehydration cylinder is connected with one end of the vertical S-shaped extrusion cylinder through a flange, the other end of the S-shaped extrusion cylinder is a discharge port, and a feeding hopper is arranged on the dehydration cylinder.
Furthermore, a garbage conveying net belt is arranged on the garbage sorting machine, and a long-strip-shaped permanent magnet is installed at the discharge end close to the garbage conveying net belt.
Further, the liquid collector comprises a liquid collecting pool A and a liquid collecting pool B, the liquid collecting pool A is positioned below the dewatering cylinder and the S-shaped extrusion cylinder, and the liquid collecting pool B is positioned below the garbage sorting machine.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
because the garbage is crushed and is dehydrated and deoiled by extrusion, the oil and the salt are separated before degradation, which is beneficial to improving the biological activity and improving the degradation efficiency;
by adopting the structure, the heat exchanger and the deodorization device are additionally arranged, the exhausted waste heat can be recycled, and the waste gas is purified before being exhausted, so that the energy-saving and environment-friendly effect is achieved;
because the air humidifier is arranged on the air supply pipeline, not only enough oxygen is contained in the degradation bin, but also the humidity of air can be adjusted; under the regulation and control of the controller and the sensor, the temperature and the humidity in the degradation bin can be regulated and controlled, and the activity and the degradation efficiency of aerobic degradation microorganism bacteria are greatly improved;
due to the fact that the pushing spiral is additionally arranged, distribution is facilitated, food waste entering the degradation bin cannot be accumulated at the feeding port, and the food waste after degradation in the degradation bin is discharged;
because the controller control motor drives the row material baffle and moves along the guide rail, opens or closes the discharge gate, has realized automated control.
Drawings
The invention is further described with the aid of the accompanying drawings, in which the embodiments do not constitute any limitation, and for a person skilled in the art, without inventive effort, further drawings may be obtained from the following figures:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the press dehydration apparatus shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the waste sorter of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the degradation machine shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the degradation bin shown in fig. 4.
In the figure: 1. a degradation bin; 2. a humidity sensor; 3. a supply air line; 4. an air humidifier; 5. a temperature sensor; 6. a controller; 7. an air draft pipeline; 8. an exhaust fan; 9. a steam heat medium input pipe; 10. an electromagnetic valve; 11. a steam heat medium reflux pipe; 12. a jacket; 13. a feeding port; 14. a discharge port; 15. a waste food input pipe; 16. a discharge baffle; 17. a guide rail; 18. a motor; 19. a gear; 20. a tooth row; 21. pushing material to spiral; 22. a motor; 23. a transmission mechanism; 24. a support; 25. a degradation machine; 26. a heat exchanger; 27. a deodorizing device; 28. a fresh air inlet; 29. a fresh air outlet; 30. an exhaust gas inlet; 31. an exhaust gas outlet; 32. an exhaust gas passage; 33. a fresh air channel; 34. a pipeline; 35. a box body; 36. a negative ion high-voltage static grid; 37. an activated carbon layer; 38. an air inlet; 39. an exhaust port; 40. a boiler; 41. a garbage sorting machine; 42. a pulverizer; 43. an extrusion dehydration device; 44. a refuse lifting device; 45. a liquid collector; 46. a liquid pump; 47. an oil-water separator; 48. an oil collection vessel; 49. a sewage treatment device; 50. a closed degraded material conveyor; 51. a degraded material thickener; 52. a powder dryer; 53. bagging machine; 54. a motor; 55. pushing material to spiral; 56. a dewatering drum; 57. an S-shaped extrusion cylinder; 58. a drain hole; 59. a flange; 60. a discharge port; 61. feeding into a hopper; 62. a garbage conveying mesh belt; 63. permanent magnet blocks; 64. a liquid collecting tank A; 65. and a liquid collecting tank B.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it is to be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.
As shown in fig. 1, the system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage comprises a garbage sorting machine 41, a crushing machine 42, an extrusion dehydration device 43, a garbage lifting device 44, a liquid collector 45, a liquid pumping pump 46, an oil-water separator 47, an oil collecting container 48, a sewage processor 49, a degradation machine 25, a heat exchanger 26, a deodorization device 27, a closed degradation material conveyor 50, a degradation material concentrator 51, a powder dryer 52 and a bagging machine 53, wherein the garbage sorting machine 41 is used for sorting out metal materials in the food garbage, the sorted food garbage is crushed by the crushing machine 42 and sent to the extrusion dehydration device 43, the food garbage is sent to a feeding port of the degradation machine 25 by the extrusion dehydration device 43 after being dehydrated by the extrusion dehydration device 43, liquid extruded by the extrusion dehydration device 43 and liquid drained by the garbage sorting machine 41 flow into the liquid collector 45, the liquid pumping pump 46 sends the liquid in the liquid collector 45 to the oil-water separator 47, the oil separated by the oil-water separator 47 flows into an oil collecting container 48, the water separated by the oil-water separator 47 is sent to a sewage processor 49 for purification treatment, the degradation material in the degradation machine 25 enters a closed degradation material conveyor 50 through a discharge port, the closed degradation material conveyor 50 sends the degradation material to a degradation material concentrator 51, the degradation material concentrator 51 sends the concentrated material to a powder dryer 52, and the powder discharged from the powder dryer 52 is sent to a bagging machine 53 for bagging.
As shown in fig. 2, the squeezing and dewatering device 43 includes a motor 54, a pushing screw 55, a dewatering cylinder 56 and an S-shaped squeezing cylinder 57, a plurality of drainage holes 58 are distributed on the cylinder walls of the dewatering cylinder 56 and the S-shaped squeezing cylinder 57, the pushing screw 55 is located in the dewatering cylinder 56, the dewatering cylinder 56 is placed transversely, the motor 54 is installed at one end of the dewatering cylinder 56 and connected with the pushing screw 55, the other end of the dewatering cylinder 56 is connected with one end of the upright S-shaped squeezing cylinder 57 through a flange 59, the other end of the S-shaped squeezing cylinder 57 is a discharge port 60, and a feed hopper 61 is arranged on the dewatering cylinder 56.
As shown in fig. 3, the garbage sorting machine 41 is provided with a garbage conveying mesh belt 62, and an elongated permanent magnet 63 is installed near the discharge end of the garbage conveying mesh belt 62.
The liquid collector 45 includes a liquid collection tank a64 and a liquid collection tank B65, the liquid collection tank a64 being located below the dewatering drum 56 and the S-press drum 57, and the liquid collection tank B65 being located below the waste sorter 41.
When the garbage sorting machine works, food waste falls onto the garbage conveying mesh belt 62 of the garbage sorting machine 41, part of water and oil in the food waste fall into the liquid collecting tank B65 from meshes of the garbage conveying mesh belt 62, and when the food waste is conveyed to one end of the garbage conveying mesh belt 62 and falls onto the crushing machine 42, metal parts are adsorbed onto the permanent magnet 63, so that metal parts such as bottle caps and the like are sorted out to prevent crushing cutters from being damaged; the pulverizer 42 pulverizes the food waste and sends the pulverized food waste into the extrusion dehydration device 43 for dehydration, deoiling and desalination, the pushing screw 55 in the extrusion dehydration device 43 pushes the pulverized food waste to move along the dehydration barrel 56, and then the crushed food waste is extruded when moving upwards along the S-shaped extrusion barrel 57, oil, water and salt in the water in the food waste are extruded from the drain hole 58 and fall into the liquid collection tank A64, and the deoiled food waste is sent into the degradation machine for degradation, so that the biological activity is improved, and the degradation efficiency is improved.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the degradation machine 25 includes a degradation cabin 1, an air supply pipeline 3, an air humidifier 4, a humidity sensor 2, a controller 6, a heat exchanger 26 and a deodorization device 27, aerobic degradation microbes are added in the degradation cabin, and the degradation cabin 1 is arranged on a support 24. Fresh air enters the degradation bin 1 through the air supply pipeline 3, a steam outlet of the air humidifier 4 is communicated with the air supply pipeline 3, the humidity sensor 4 is used for detecting the humidity in the degradation bin 1, the humidity sensor 2 is electrically connected with the controller 6, and the controller 6 is used for controlling the air humidifier 4 to be turned on and off. The top of the degradation bin 1 is communicated with one end of an air exhaust pipeline 7, and an exhaust fan 8 is arranged on the air exhaust pipeline 7. The air in the degradation bin 1 is pumped away by the exhaust fan 8, fresh air enters the degradation bin 1 from the air supply pipeline 3, and the exhaust fan 8 not only has the function of providing sufficient oxygen for aerobic degradation microorganisms in the degradation bin 1, but also has the function of adjusting the temperature. When the temperature in the degradation bin 1 is high, the exhaust fan 8 pumps hot air in the degradation bin 1 away, and fresh wind energy is introduced to cool the degradation bin 1. The heat exchanger 26 comprises a fresh air inlet 28, a fresh air outlet 29, a waste gas inlet 30 and a waste gas outlet 31, a waste gas channel 32 and a fresh air channel 33 are arranged inside the heat exchanger 26, waste gas in the waste gas channel 32 exchanges heat with fresh air in the fresh air channel 33, the air supply pipeline 3 is communicated with the fresh air outlet 29, the waste gas inlet 30 is communicated with the other end of the exhaust pipeline 7, and the waste gas outlet 31 is connected with an air inlet 38 of the deodorization device 27 through a pipeline 34; deodorizing device 27 includes box 35, anion high voltage static net 36 and activated carbon layer 37, the lateral wall lower part of box 35 is equipped with air inlet 38, and the lateral wall upper portion of box 35 is equipped with gas vent 39, anion high voltage static net 36 is established and is separated box 35 for upper and lower two parts in box 35, and air inlet 38 is located anion high voltage static net 36's below, and activated carbon layer 37 is established in box 35 and is located anion high voltage static net 36's top, and gas vent 39 is located activated carbon layer 37's top, and waste gas gets into in the box 35 from air inlet 38, purifies the back through anion high voltage static net 36 and activated carbon layer 37 in proper order and discharges from gas vent 39.
Still include temperature sensor 5 and heating device, heating device is used for heating for degrading storehouse 1, and temperature sensor 5 is used for detecting the temperature in degrading the storehouse 1, and temperature sensor 5 and 6 electricity of controller are connected, controller 6 carries out on-off control to heating device. Specifically, the heating is performed using steam as a heat medium. The heating device comprises a steam heat medium input pipe 9, an electromagnetic valve 10 and a steam heat medium return pipe 11, a jacket 12 is arranged on the periphery of the degradation bin 1, the steam heat medium input pipe 9 and the steam heat medium return pipe 11 are respectively communicated with the jacket 12, the electromagnetic valve 10 is arranged on the steam heat medium input pipe 9, and the electromagnetic valve 10 is controlled by the controller 6 to be switched on and off. The device also comprises a boiler 40, and the other end of the steam heat medium input pipe 9 and the other end of the steam heat medium return pipe 11 are communicated with the boiler 40. The steam heat medium is supplied from a boiler 40.
Still include pan feeding mouth 13 and discharge gate 14, pan feeding mouth 13 is established at the top in degradation storehouse and is close to the one end in degradation storehouse 1, and discharge gate 14 is established in the bottom in degradation storehouse 1 and is close to the other end in degradation storehouse 1, pan feeding mouth 13 department sealing connection has surplus rubbish input tube 15 of meal, discharge gate 14 department is equipped with row material baffle 16, arranges material baffle 16 and installs in the guide rail 17 of degradation storehouse 1 bottom, arranges material baffle 16 and removes in order to open or close the discharge gate along guide rail 17. The automatic discharging device further comprises a motor 18 and a transmission mechanism, wherein the motor 18 drives the discharging baffle 16 to move along the guide rail 17 through the transmission mechanism. The transmission mechanism comprises a gear 19 and a tooth row 20, the tooth row 20 is meshed with the gear 19, the gear 19 is installed on an output shaft of the motor 18, and the tooth row 20 is arranged on the bottom surface of the discharge baffle 16. The motor 18 is electrically connected with the controller, when the garbage in the degradation bin 1 begins to be degraded, the controller begins to time, and after the set time is reached, the controller starts the motor 18 to drive the discharge baffle 16 to move along the guide rail 17, so that the discharge hole is opened. After the material discharging is finished, the motor is started to rotate reversely, the material discharging baffle 16 is driven to move reversely along the guide rail 17, and the material discharging port is closed. The design realizes the operation of the automatic switch discharge port.
The device also comprises a pushing spiral 21 and a motor 22, wherein the pushing spiral 21 is arranged in the degradation bin 1, and the motor 22 drives the pushing spiral 21 to rotate through a transmission mechanism 23. The transmission mechanism 23 here adopts a sprocket and chain transmission manner. The pushing screw 21 is used for facilitating material distribution, so that the food waste entering the degradation bin 1 cannot be accumulated at the material inlet, and the food waste degraded in the degradation bin is discharged.
The material pushing spiral 21 in the patent is positioned below the material inlet, and the length of the material pushing spiral 21 is less than one half of the length of the degradation bin 1. The length of the material pushing spiral 21 cannot be too long, and cannot be too short, if the length of the material pushing spiral 21 is too short, the effects of material distribution and material discharge are small, if the length of the material pushing spiral 21 is too long, the density of the food waste close to the discharging position in the degradation bin 1 is large, the density of the food waste is too large, the ventilation property is poor, and insufficient oxygen is caused, so that the activity and the degradation efficiency of aerobic degradation microorganisms are influenced. Through experiments, the length of the pushing spiral 21 is less than one half of the length of the degradation bin 1, so that the function of distributing materials can be realized, and the discharging of the degraded materials is facilitated.
This patent utilizes good oxygen or aerobic microorganism to degrade the surplus rubbish of meal, becomes the organic matter with the organic matter, in order to improve the work efficiency of degradation, according to aerobic microorganism's adaptation environment, regulates and control the humidity and the temperature in the storehouse that degrades, improves aerobic microorganism's activity.
The energy-saving aspect of this patent: the boiler provides heat for the degradation bin, ensures that the temperature in the degradation bin is between 60 and 80 ℃, and has a killing effect on harmful microorganisms. If sufficient oxygen needs to be introduced into the degradation bin at proper time, the waste gas in the degradation bin needs to be pumped away to achieve the purpose of air exchange, the pumped waste gas has heat, a heat exchanger is additionally arranged for fully utilizing the heat energy, the heat exchange is firstly carried out with the waste gas before the fresh air is introduced, and the fresh air is sent into the degradation bin after absorbing the heat of the waste gas.
The environmental protection aspect of this patent: in order to prevent the waste gas from polluting the environment, a deodorization device is additionally arranged, the discharge voltage of a negative ion high-voltage static grid in the deodorization device is adjustable within the range of 2-3 ten thousand volts, and a large amount of low-temperature plasma O is generated3The waste gas factors are firstly opened into fragments after being bombarded by high-energy electrons, and the fragment particles dissociated by the waste gas factors and oxygen undergo more complex chemical reaction and are degraded into CO2And H2O, and the like. The technology of dielectric barrier discharge low-temperature plasma is adopted, the dry treatment is carried out, any adsorbent, catalyst and other combustion-supporting fuels are not needed, only 220V alternating current is needed, a high-frequency pulse electric field is obtained through oscillation boosting of a high-frequency pulse generator, high-energy electrons are generated, and the molecules of stink and organic gas in waste gas are bombarded and decomposed. When the activated carbon is used in cooperation with negative ion high-voltage electrostatic dust removal desorption engineering, the activated carbon only needs to adsorb a small amount of escaped organic waste gas. The odor is absorbed by the active carbon layer to achieve the purpose of deodorization.
Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fertilizer system is prepared to wet rubbish which characterized in that: the garbage sorting machine is used for sorting out metal materials in the leftover garbage, the sorted leftover garbage is crushed by the crushing machine and sent into the extrusion dehydration device, the leftover garbage is dehydrated by the extrusion dehydration device and then sent into a feeding port of the degradation machine by the garbage lifting device, liquid extruded by the extrusion dehydration device and liquid drained by the garbage sorting machine flow into the liquid collector, the liquid in the liquid collector is sent into the oil-water separator by the liquid pump, the oil separated by the oil-water separator flows into the oil collection container, the water separated by the oil-water separator is sent into the sewage treatment device for purification treatment, and the degraded materials in the degradation machine enter the closed degraded material conveyor through a discharge port, the closed degraded material conveyer feeds the degraded material into the degraded material thickener, the degraded material thickener feeds the concentrated material into the powder dryer, and the powder discharged from the powder dryer is fed into a bagging machine for bagging.
2. The system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the degradation machine comprises a degradation bin, an air supply pipeline, an air humidifier, a humidity sensor and a controller, wherein the top of the degradation bin is communicated with one end of an air exhaust pipeline, an exhaust fan is arranged on the air exhaust pipeline, aerobic degradation microorganisms are added in the degradation bin, fresh air enters the degradation bin through the air supply pipeline, a steam outlet of the air humidifier is communicated with the air supply pipeline, the humidity sensor is used for detecting the humidity in the degradation bin, the humidity sensor is electrically connected with the controller, and the controller is used for carrying out on-off control on the air humidifier; the heat exchanger comprises a fresh air inlet, a fresh air outlet, a waste gas inlet and a waste gas outlet, a waste gas channel and a fresh air channel are arranged inside the heat exchanger, waste gas in the waste gas channel exchanges heat with fresh air in the fresh air channel, an air supply pipeline is communicated with the fresh air outlet, the waste gas inlet is communicated with the other end of an air suction pipeline, and the waste gas outlet is connected with an air inlet of the deodorization device through a pipeline.
3. The system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage according to claim 2, characterized in that: deodorizing device includes box, anion high-pressure static electric network and activated carbon layer, the lateral wall lower part of box is equipped with the air inlet, and the lateral wall upper portion of box is equipped with the gas vent, anion high-pressure static electric network establishes the box and separates for upper and lower two parts in the box, and the air inlet is located the below of anion high-pressure static electric network, and the activated carbon layer is established in the box and is located the top of anion high-pressure static electric network, and the gas vent is located the top of activated carbon layer, and waste gas gets into the box from the air inlet, discharges from the gas vent through anion high-pressure static electric network and activated carbon layer in.
4. The system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage according to claim 2, characterized in that: still include temperature sensor and heating device, heating device is used for heating for the surplus rubbish of meal in the degradation storehouse, and temperature sensor is used for detecting the temperature in the degradation storehouse, and temperature sensor and controller electricity are connected, the controller carries out on-off control to heating device.
5. The system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage according to claim 4, which is characterized in that: the heating device comprises a steam heat medium input pipe, an electromagnetic valve and a steam heat medium return pipe, a jacket is arranged on the periphery of the degradation bin, the steam heat medium input pipe and the steam heat medium return pipe are respectively communicated with the jacket, the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the steam heat medium input pipe, and the controller is used for controlling the electromagnetic valve to be switched on and off; the steam heat medium reflux pipe is communicated with the boiler through the other end of the steam heat medium input pipe and the other end of the steam heat medium reflux pipe.
6. The system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage according to claim 2, characterized in that: the feeding port is arranged at the top of the degradation bin and close to one end of the degradation bin, the discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the degradation bin and close to the other end of the degradation bin, the feeding port is connected with a surplus food garbage input pipe in a sealing mode, the discharging port is provided with a discharging baffle, the discharging baffle is installed in a guide rail at the bottom of the degradation bin, and the discharging baffle moves along the guide rail to open or close the discharging port; the discharging baffle plate is driven to move along the guide rail by the motor through the transmission mechanism; the transmission mechanism comprises a gear and a gear row, the gear row is meshed with the gear, the gear is installed on an output shaft of the motor, and the gear row is arranged on the bottom surface of the discharging baffle.
7. The system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage according to claim 2, characterized in that: the device also comprises a pushing screw and a motor, wherein the pushing screw is arranged in the degradation bin, and the motor drives the pushing screw to rotate through a transmission mechanism; the length of the material pushing spiral is less than one half of the length of the degradation bin.
8. The system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the extrusion dehydration device comprises a motor, a pushing spiral, a dehydration cylinder and an S-shaped extrusion cylinder, wherein a plurality of drain holes are distributed on the cylinder walls of the dehydration cylinder and the S-shaped extrusion cylinder, the pushing spiral is positioned in the dehydration cylinder, the dehydration cylinder is transversely arranged, the motor is arranged at one end of the dehydration cylinder and is connected with the pushing spiral, the other end of the dehydration cylinder is connected with one end of the vertical S-shaped extrusion cylinder through a flange, the other end of the S-shaped extrusion cylinder is a discharge port, and a feeding hopper is arranged on the dehydration cylinder.
9. The system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage according to claim 8, characterized in that: the garbage sorting machine is provided with a garbage conveying net belt, and a long-strip-shaped permanent magnet is installed at the discharge end close to the garbage conveying net belt.
10. The system for preparing organic fertilizer from wet garbage according to claim 9, characterized in that: the liquid collector comprises a liquid collecting pool A and a liquid collecting pool B, the liquid collecting pool A is positioned below the dewatering cylinder and the S-shaped extrusion cylinder, and the liquid collecting pool B is positioned below the garbage sorting machine.
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| CN114249612A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-03-29 | 李建海 | Solar energy-assisted biological fermentation device and method and application thereof in recycling treatment of kitchen waste |
| CN114453380A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-05-10 | 漳州环境集团有限公司 | Kitchen waste treatment equipment |
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| CN110723993B (en) | 2022-05-06 |
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