CN114247904A - Bidirectional powder laying and feeding device and additive manufacturing equipment - Google Patents
Bidirectional powder laying and feeding device and additive manufacturing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114247904A CN114247904A CN202111601999.1A CN202111601999A CN114247904A CN 114247904 A CN114247904 A CN 114247904A CN 202111601999 A CN202111601999 A CN 202111601999A CN 114247904 A CN114247904 A CN 114247904A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 440
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
- B22F12/67—Blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides two-way powder of spreading and send powder device and vibration material disk equipment down, two-way powder of spreading and send the powder device down includes base member, two powder feeding device and scraper. The base body is provided with a working chamber and two powder feeding chambers which are communicated with the working chamber, and the two powder feeding chambers are respectively positioned at two opposite sides of the working chamber; the two powder feeding devices are respectively arranged below the two powder feeding chambers and are used for conveying powder into the corresponding powder feeding chambers from bottom to top; the scraper is connected with the basal body in a sliding way and used for reciprocating between the two powder feeding chambers and filling powder into the forming cavity of the workpiece in the working chamber when the powder passes through the working chamber. The bidirectional powder laying and feeding device can improve the powder feeding precision and the operation efficiency on the premise of reducing the dust emission, and the manufacturing cost of the product is low; meanwhile, through the design of continuous automatic powder adding, the powder storage chamber can be designed to be smaller, and the whole size is small.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal additive manufacturing, in particular to a bidirectional powder laying and feeding device and additive manufacturing equipment.
Background
Under the trend of high-speed development of industrial technology, various metal additive manufacturing methods are continuously emerging, selective laser melting technologies (SLM, SLS, laser metal direct deposition technology (DLMD) and the like are continuously mature, and large-scale industrial application is more and more extensive. The powder feeding mode of the existing powder bed powder laying laser selective sintering equipment is divided into two types: the upper powder feeding mode and the lower powder feeding mode have the advantages and the disadvantages respectively. The upper powder feeding device has small volume and compact structure, can realize bidirectional powder paving, but has the defects of excessive powder overflow and the like caused by difficult control of cavity dust raising and powder feeding quantity; the lower powder feeding has no cavity dust raising, the accurate powder overflowing amount of the fed powder is less, but the powder cannot be automatically added, so that the volume is overlarge, and the bidirectional powder spreading cannot be realized.
The inventor researches and discovers that the existing laser selective sintering equipment has the following defects:
the reduction of dust emission and the improvement of the working efficiency cannot be achieved at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bidirectional powder laying and feeding device and additive manufacturing equipment, which can realize bidirectional powder laying while reducing dust emission, thereby improving the working efficiency.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a bidirectional powder laying and feeding device, comprising:
the powder feeding device comprises a base body, a powder feeding device and a powder discharging device, wherein the base body is provided with a working chamber and two powder feeding chambers which are communicated with the working chamber, and the two powder feeding chambers are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the working chamber;
the two powder feeding devices are respectively arranged below the two powder feeding chambers and are used for conveying powder into the corresponding powder feeding chambers from bottom to top;
and the scraper is connected with the base body in a sliding manner, is used for walking between the two powder feeding chambers in a reciprocating manner, and enables powder to be filled in a forming cavity of the workpiece in the working chamber when passing through the working chamber.
In an optional embodiment, a baffle is arranged between each powder feeding chamber and the working chamber, the baffle and the base body jointly define an inlet and outlet channel, and two ends of the inlet and outlet channel are respectively communicated with the working chamber and the powder feeding chamber; each baffle is movably connected with a door body, and the door body is used for opening or closing the inlet and outlet channel.
In an alternative embodiment, the powder feeding device comprises a first telescopic mechanism and a piston plate, the first telescopic mechanism is connected with the base body, the piston plate is connected with the first telescopic mechanism, and the first telescopic mechanism is used for driving the piston plate to reciprocate up and down so as to convey the powder upwards into the powder feeding chamber through the piston plate.
In an optional embodiment, the substrate is further provided with two powder storage chambers, and the two powder storage chambers are respectively communicated with the two powder feeding chambers and are located below the corresponding powder feeding chambers; the piston plate is arranged in the powder storage chamber and used for conveying the powder in the powder storage chamber upwards to the powder feeding chamber.
In an optional embodiment, the base body is further provided with two powder adding chambers, and the two powder adding chambers respectively correspond to the two powder storage chambers; each add and all be equipped with in the powder cavity and add the powder device, add the powder device be used for with add the powder in the powder cavity and carry to store up in the powder cavity.
In an optional embodiment, the powder adding device comprises a motor, a mandrel and an elastic scraping blade, the motor is connected with the base body, the mandrel is connected with an output shaft of the motor, the elastic scraping blade is connected with the mandrel, the mandrel and the elastic scraping blade are both positioned in the powder adding cavity, and the elastic scraping blade abuts against the inner wall of the powder adding cavity to block the powder adding cavity and the powder storing cavity; the motor is used for driving the mandrel to rotate so as to drive the elastic scraping blade to rotate, and therefore the elastic scraping blade is used for conveying powder into the powder storage chamber.
In an optional embodiment, the bidirectional powder spreading and feeding device further includes two powder overflowing cylinders, the two powder overflowing cylinders respectively correspond to the two powder feeding chambers, and the powder overflowing cylinders are located below the corresponding powder feeding chambers; the opening and closing door is arranged at the cylinder opening of each powder overflowing cylinder and used for opening or closing the cylinder opening so as to enable the powder overflowing cylinder to be communicated with the powder feeding cavity when the opening and closing door opens the cylinder opening.
In an optional embodiment, the bidirectional powder laying and feeding device further comprises a second telescopic mechanism, a forming cylinder and a forming piston, the forming cylinder and the second telescopic mechanism are both connected with the base body, and the forming cylinder is located below the working chamber and communicated with the working chamber; the forming piston is connected with the second telescopic mechanism, and the second telescopic mechanism is used for driving the forming piston to lift.
In an alternative embodiment, the base body is further provided with two air supply ports communicated with the working chamber, and the two air supply ports are arranged at intervals in the height direction of the working chamber.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an additive manufacturing apparatus comprising:
the two-way powder laying and feeding device of any one of the previous embodiments and the laser head are used for sintering powder in the working chamber.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in summary, the bidirectional powder spreading and feeding device provided in this embodiment uses the scraper to scrape the powder in the powder feeding chamber into the working chamber during operation, and then uses the laser in the working chamber to perform selective laser sintering, so as to manufacture the product as required. Because the powder in each powder feeding cavity is fed into the powder feeding cavity in a mode of downward powder feeding through the powder feeding device, namely, the powder is upwards conveyed into the powder feeding cavity from the lower part of the powder feeding cavity by each powder feeding device, the dust emission is reduced, the powder feeding amount is more accurately controlled, and the product forming quality is high. Meanwhile, powder feeding cavities are uniformly distributed on two sides of the working cavity, and the scraper reciprocates between the two powder feeding cavities, so that bidirectional powder paving is realized, and the operation efficiency is high. So, the two-way powder of shop of this embodiment and send the powder device down can realize efficient operation, product low in manufacturing cost under the prerequisite that satisfies the reduction raise dust.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a viewing angle of a bidirectional powder laying and feeding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another view angle of the bidirectional powder spreading and feeding device according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a left powder adding device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic partial structural view of a right powder adding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
100-base body; 110-a working chamber; 120-left powder feeding chamber; 121-left flour detection camera; 130-right powder feeding chamber; 131-right flour detection camera; 140-air supply outlet; 150-a left baffle; 160-right baffle; 170-left door body; 180-right door body; 190-left powder storage chamber; 200-right powder storage chamber; 210-a left powder adding chamber; 211-left powder adding pneumatic butterfly valve; 220-right powder adding chamber; 221-right powder adding pneumatic butterfly valve; 230-left overflow powder cylinder; 231-left opening and closing door; 232-a first pneumatic butterfly valve; 240-right powder overflow cylinder; 241-right opening and closing door; 242-a second pneumatic butterfly valve; 250-a left powder adding device; 251-a first mandrel; 252-a first resilient blade; 260-right powder adding device; 261-a second mandrel; 262-a second resilient blade; 300-left powder feeding device; 310-left telescoping mechanism; 320-left piston plate; 500-right powder feeding device; 510-right telescoping mechanism; 520-right piston plate; 700-a scraper; 900-a second telescoping mechanism; 901-forming cylinder; 902-forming a piston.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
At present, the adoption of the laser selective sintering processing equipment is to feed powder upwards and spread the powder bidirectionally, so that the dust is large, the powder feeding precision is low, and the product molding is not facilitated.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a designer designs a bidirectional powder spreading and feeding device, which can achieve high-efficiency operation, low manufacturing cost and high product forming quality while reducing dust.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the bidirectional powder spreading and feeding device includes a substrate 100, a left powder feeding device 300, a right powder feeding device 500, and a scraper 700. The base body 100 is provided with a working chamber 110 and a left powder feeding chamber 120 and a right powder feeding chamber 130 both communicating with the working chamber 110. The working chamber 110 is communicated with two strip-shaped air supply outlets 140, the two air supply outlets 140 are arranged at intervals in the height direction of the working chamber 110, and the length of the air supply outlet 140 positioned above is smaller than that of the air supply outlet 140 positioned below. The left powder feeding chamber 120 and the right powder feeding chamber 130 are located on opposite sides of the working chamber 110, respectively. The left powder feeding device 300 is disposed below the left powder feeding chamber 120, and is configured to convey powder into the left powder feeding chamber 120 from bottom to top. The right powder feeding device 500 is arranged below the right powder feeding chamber 130 and is used for conveying powder into the right powder feeding chamber 130 from bottom to top.
The operation flow of the bidirectional powder spreading and feeding device provided by the embodiment includes, for example:
during operation, the scraper 700 is set to be in the right powder feeding chamber 130 and to be located at the rightmost side of the right powder feeding chamber 130 in the initial state, after the equipment is started, the scraper 700 moves from right to left to drive the powder into the working chamber 110, and after the scraper 700 moves to the leftmost side of the left powder feeding chamber 120, the scraper moves from left to right to drive the powder into the working chamber 110, and the operation is repeated until the product forming operation is completed. After the scraper 700 scrapes the powder in the powder feeding chamber into the working chamber 110, selective laser sintering is performed by using the laser in the working chamber 110, so as to form a product as required. Because the powder in each powder feeding cavity is fed into the powder feeding cavity in a mode of feeding the powder downwards through the powder feeding device, namely, the powder is upwards conveyed to the corresponding powder feeding cavity from the lower part of the powder feeding cavity by each powder feeding device, the raised dust is reduced, the powder feeding amount is more accurately controlled, and the product forming quality is high. Meanwhile, powder feeding chambers are uniformly distributed on two sides of the working chamber 110, and the scraper 700 reciprocates between the two powder feeding chambers, so that bidirectional powder spreading is realized, and the operation efficiency is high. So, the two-way powder of shop of this embodiment and send the powder device down can realize efficient operation, product low in manufacturing cost under the prerequisite that satisfies the reduction raise dust.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, optionally, two left baffles 150 and two right baffles 160 arranged in parallel are disposed in the working chamber 110 of the substrate 100, the left baffle 150 separates the working chamber 110 from the left powder feeding chamber 120, and the right baffle 160 separates the right powder feeding chamber 130 from the working chamber 110. Meanwhile, the left baffle 150 is provided with a left door 170, the left door 170 is slidably connected with the left baffle 150 in the height direction of the working chamber 110, and the left door 170 can open or close a left access passage formed between the left baffle 150 and the base body 100. Optionally, the left door body 170 may be driven by a driver such as an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, so as to implement automatic operation. Similarly, the right baffle 160 is provided with a right door 180, the right door 180 is slidably connected with the right baffle 160 in the height direction of the working chamber 110, and the right door 180 can open or close a right access passage formed between the left baffle 150 and the base 100. Optionally, the right door body 180 may be driven by a driver such as an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, so as to implement automatic operation. That is to say, when the scraper 700 moves from right to left, the scraper 700 moves to the right door body 180 first, the right door body 180 is automatically opened, the scraper 700 passes through the right access passage and enters the working chamber 110, then the right door body 180 is closed, the working chamber 110 is a relatively closed chamber, and the wind field is stable. Similarly, when the scraper 700 moves from the working chamber 110 to the left powder feeding chamber 120, and when the scraper 700 moves to the left door 170, the left door 170 is automatically opened, and the scraper 700 enters the left powder feeding chamber 120 from the left inlet and outlet passage. Due to the structural design, when the scraper 700 scrapes powder in the working chamber 110 and performs laser sintering on the powder, the left door body 170 and the right door body 180 are both in a closed state, the working chamber 110 is a relatively closed chamber, the wind field in the working chamber 110 is stable, the pressure of the working chamber 110 can be stably maintained above 1.2KPa, the oxygen content can be stably maintained below 100PPM, and the product forming quality is high.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 3, further, the base 100 is further provided with a left powder storage chamber 190, a right powder storage chamber 200, a left powder adding chamber 210, a right powder adding chamber 220, a left powder overflowing cylinder 230, and a right powder overflowing cylinder 240.
The left powder storage chamber 190 is arranged at the bottom of the left powder feeding chamber 120, and a through hole communicated with the left powder storage chamber 190 is arranged on the bottom wall of the left powder feeding chamber 120. The left powder feeding device 300 is arranged in the left powder storage chamber 190 and is used for conveying powder in the left powder storage chamber 190 from the through hole to the left powder feeding chamber 120 from bottom to top, the powder is laid on the bottom wall of the left powder feeding chamber 120, and the powder is scraped from left to right by the scraper 700. Simultaneously, add powder cavity 210 and left powder storage cavity 190 intercommunication on a left side, add the powder cavity 210 and store in a left side and have the powder, when the powder volume in the powder cavity 190 is not enough in a left side, with the powder that adds in the powder cavity 210 on a left side carry to left powder storage cavity 190 can. Further, a portion of the inner wall of the left powder storage chamber 190 may be provided as an inclined surface, so that the powder slides toward the bottom of the left powder storage chamber 190 along the inclined surface by the gravity of the powder. Obviously, a left powder adding pneumatic butterfly valve 211 and a left powder adding device 250 can be arranged in the left powder adding chamber 210, the left powder adding pneumatic butterfly valve 211 is opened, powder can be added to the left powder adding chamber 210, and the powder can be conveyed to the left powder storage chamber 190 by the left powder adding device 250. When the powder does not need to be conveyed, the left powder adding pneumatic butterfly valve 211 is closed, and the left powder adding device 250 blocks the left powder adding cavity 210 and the left powder storage cavity 190, so that the cavities are guaranteed not to be influenced by each other. In addition, in order to realize automatic feeding, a sensor can be arranged in the left powder storage chamber 190, the sensor can detect the amount of the powder in the left powder storage chamber 190 in real time, and when the powder in the left powder storage chamber 190 is insufficient, a signal is transmitted to the control system, so that the control system is used for automatically controlling the opening of the left powder feeding device 250; and the sensor can also close the left feeding device through the control system when detecting that the powder amount is enough. Further, the left powder feeding device 300 includes a first motor (not shown), a first mandrel 251, and a first elastic blade 252, wherein the first motor is connected to the base 100, an output shaft of the first motor is connected to the first mandrel 251, and the output shaft is parallel to the length direction of the scraper 700. The first elastic blades 252 are plural and are uniformly spaced in the circumferential direction of the first core 251. In the initial state, the first motor is not started, and at least a part of the first elastic blades 252 in the plurality of first elastic blades 252 abuts against the inner wall surface of the left powder adding chamber 210, so that the left powder adding chamber 210 and the left powder storing chamber 190 are blocked. When the material needs to be added, the first motor is driven, the powder in the left powder adding cavity 210 is scraped into the left powder storing cavity 190 by the aid of the first elastic scraping blades 252, the material is added conveniently, independence of the left powder storing cavity 190 and the left powder adding cavity 210 is kept all the time in the material adding process, and an air field inside the working cavity 110 is not easily influenced. Meanwhile, the left powder overflowing cylinder 230 is disposed between the working chamber 110 and the left powder feeding chamber 120, and the top of the left powder overflowing cylinder 230 is provided with an opening that penetrates through the bottom wall of the working chamber 110 to communicate with the working chamber 110. Also, the left powder overflow cylinder 230 is located on the left side of the molded product and has a distance from the left powder feeding chamber 120, which does not affect the laying of the powder for the molded product nor the powder laid in the left powder feeding chamber 120. Further, a left switch door 231 is arranged at the top of the left powder overflow cylinder 230, and the left switch door 231 can be an automatic door capable of automatically opening or closing the top opening of the left powder overflow cylinder 230. Specifically, after the scraper 700 scrapes the powder in the right powder feeding chamber 130 to the working chamber 110 from right to left, most of the powder participates in the product molding, while a part of the powder overflows, and as the scraper 700 continues to move towards the left powder feeding chamber 120, the left switch door 231 is opened, and the powder directly enters the left powder overflowing cylinder 230 without interfering with the powder already prepared in the left powder feeding chamber 120.
Further, a first pneumatic butterfly valve 232 is arranged at the bottom of the left powder overflow cylinder 230.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the right powder storage chamber 200 is disposed at the bottom of the right powder feeding chamber 130, and a through hole communicating with the right powder storage chamber 200 is disposed at the bottom wall of the right powder feeding chamber 130. The right powder feeding device 500 is arranged in the right powder storage chamber 200 and used for conveying powder in the right powder storage chamber 200 from the through hole to the right powder feeding chamber 130 from bottom to top, the powder is tiled on the bottom wall of the right powder feeding chamber 130, and the powder is scraped from right to left by the scraper 700. Meanwhile, the right powder adding chamber 220 is communicated with the right powder storage chamber 200, powder is stored in the right powder adding chamber 220, and when the amount of the powder in the right powder storage chamber 200 is not enough, the powder in the right powder adding chamber 220 is conveyed to the right powder storage chamber 200. Further, a portion of the inner wall of the left powder storage chamber 190 may be provided as an inclined surface, so that the powder slides toward the bottom of the left powder storage chamber 190 along the inclined surface by the gravity of the powder. Obviously, a right powder adding pneumatic butterfly valve 221 and a right powder adding device 260 can be arranged in the right powder adding chamber 220, the right powder adding pneumatic butterfly valve 221 is opened, powder can be added to the right powder adding chamber 220, and the powder can be conveyed to the right powder storage chamber 200 by the right powder adding device 260. When the powder does not need to be conveyed, the right powder adding pneumatic butterfly valve 221 is closed, and the right powder adding device 260 blocks the right powder adding chamber 220 and the right powder storage chamber 200, so that the chambers are guaranteed not to be influenced by each other. In addition, in order to realize automatic feeding, a sensor can be arranged in the right powder storage chamber 200, the sensor can detect the powder amount in the right powder storage chamber 200 in real time, and transmits a signal to the control system when the powder in the right powder storage chamber 200 is insufficient, so that the control system is used for automatically controlling the right powder feeding device 260 to be started; and the sensor can also close the right feeding device through the control system when detecting that the powder amount is enough. Further, the right powder feeding device 500 includes a second motor (not shown), a second spindle 261 and a second elastic scraper 262, wherein the second motor is connected to the base 100, an output shaft of the second motor is connected to the second spindle 261, and the output shaft is parallel to the length direction of the scraper 700. The second elastic blades 262 are plural and are uniformly spaced in the circumferential direction of the second mandrel 261. In the initial state, the second motor is not started, and at least a part of the second elastic blades 262 in the plurality of second elastic blades 262 is abutted against the inner wall surface of the right powder adding chamber 220, so that the right powder adding chamber 220 and the right powder storing chamber 200 are blocked. When the material needs to be added, the second motor is driven, the powder in the right powder adding cavity 220 is scraped into the right powder storing cavity 200 by the aid of the second elastic scraping blades 262, the material is added conveniently, independence of the right powder storing cavity 200 and the right powder adding cavity 220 is kept all the time in the material adding process, and an air field inside the working cavity 110 is not easily influenced. Meanwhile, a right powder overflowing cylinder 240 is disposed between the working chamber 110 and the right powder feeding chamber 130, and the top of the right powder overflowing cylinder 240 is provided as an opening that penetrates the bottom wall of the working chamber 110 to communicate with the working chamber 110. Also, the right powder overflow cylinder 240 is located on the right side of the molded product and has a distance from the right powder feeding chamber 130, which does not affect the laying of the powder for the molded product nor the powder laid in the right powder feeding chamber 130. Further, a right switch door 241 is arranged at the top of the right powder overflow cylinder 240, and the right switch door 241 may be an automatic door capable of automatically opening or closing the top opening of the right powder overflow cylinder 240. Specifically, after the scraper 700 scrapes the powder in the left feeding chamber to the working chamber 110 from left to right, most of the powder participates in product molding, and a part of the powder overflows, and as the scraper 700 continues to move to the right powder feeding chamber 130, the right switch door 241 is opened, and the powder directly enters the right powder overflowing cylinder 240, so that the prepared powder in the right powder feeding chamber 130 is not interfered.
Further, a second pneumatic butterfly valve 242 is disposed at the bottom of the right powder overflow cylinder 240.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that, after the powder paving operation in the working chamber 110 is completed, and in the process of performing laser selective sintering on a molded product in the working chamber 110, the scraper 700 can scrape the powder in the corresponding powder feeding chamber to the outside of the baffle in this time period, and when the laser sintering is completed, the powder can be conveyed to the working chamber 110 in the first time, so that the operation vacuum period is reduced, and the operation efficiency is further improved. For example, taking the initial scraper 700 moving from right to left as an example, after the scraper 700 scrapes the powder into the working chamber 110, the scraper 700 leaves the working chamber 110 and moves toward the left powder feeding chamber 120, during which the laser selective sintering is performed in the working chamber 110. And after the scraper 700 enters the left powder feeding chamber 120, the scraper 700 moves to the leftmost side, then the prepared powder in the left powder feeding chamber 120 is scraped from left to right, when or before the scraper 700 moves to the left baffle 150, the laser sintering operation in the working chamber 110 is completed, the molded product moves downwards for a set height, at the moment, the left door body 170 is directly opened, the scraper 700 scrapes the powder to the working chamber 110, the next layer of powder spreading laser sintering is carried out, and the operation is carried out in a reciprocating manner.
In this embodiment, optionally, the left powder feeding device 300 includes a left telescoping mechanism 310 and a left piston plate 320, the left telescoping mechanism 310 is connected to the substrate 100, the left piston plate 320 is connected to the left telescoping mechanism 310 and located in the left powder storage chamber 190, and the left telescoping mechanism 310 is configured to drive the left piston plate 320 to reciprocate, so as to transport the powder upwards to the left powder feeding chamber 120 through the left piston plate 320. The left telescoping mechanism 310 may be a screw transmission structure or an electric push rod.
In this embodiment, optionally, the right powder feeding device 500 includes a right telescopic mechanism 510 and a right piston plate 520, the right telescopic mechanism 510 is connected to the base 100, the right piston plate 520 is connected to the right telescopic mechanism 510 and located in the right powder storage chamber 200, and the right telescopic mechanism 510 is configured to drive the right piston plate 520 to reciprocate up and down, so as to transport the powder upwards to the right powder feeding chamber 130 through the right piston plate 520. The right telescoping mechanism 510 may be a screw transmission structure or an electric push rod.
It should be understood that the structures of the left and right telescoping mechanisms 310, 510 may be configured the same and may both be referred to as a first telescoping mechanism. The upward traveling displacement of the left piston plate 320 and the right piston plate 520 is independently controlled by a control system and is determined according to factors such as the required powder spreading thickness of a molded product.
In this embodiment, optionally, the bidirectional powder spreading and feeding device further includes a second telescoping mechanism 900, a forming cylinder 901, and a forming piston 902, where the forming cylinder 901 and the second telescoping mechanism 900 are both connected to the base 100, and the forming cylinder 901 is located below the working chamber 110 and is communicated with the working chamber 110. The forming piston 902 is connected with the second telescoping mechanism 900, and the second telescoping mechanism 900 is used for driving the forming piston 902 to lift. In the initial state, the top surface of the forming piston 902 is in the same plane as the bottom wall of the working chamber 110, and the forming piston 902 may be lowered to a set height or remain in the same plane as the bottom wall of the working chamber 110 before the doctor blade 700 passes the working chamber 110 for the first time. After one laser sintering is completed, the second telescoping mechanism 900 drives the forming piston 902 to descend by a set height. It should be understood that the second telescoping mechanism 900 may be, but is not limited to, a lead screw drive or the like.
In other embodiments, the left powder feeding chamber 120 and the right powder feeding chamber 130 are respectively provided with a left powder surface detection camera 121 and a right powder surface detection camera 131 which are in communication connection with the control system, and are respectively used for detecting the flatness of the powder surfaces in the left powder feeding chamber 120 and the right powder feeding chamber 130, so that the powder feeding quality of the scraper 700 is ensured, and the molding quality of the product is finally ensured.
In addition, the scraper 700 may travel back and forth between the left powder feeding chamber 120 and the right powder feeding chamber 130 by using a driving method of a timing belt module and a servo motor.
The two-way powder paving and lower powder feeding device provided by the embodiment at least has the following advantages:
1. the powder feeding mode is downward powder feeding, the powder feeding amount is accurate and controllable, the powder overflowing amount is very small, and no cavity dust is raised.
2. The completely symmetrical wind field channels are beneficial to the uniformity of the breadth wind speed of a forming area, and the surface quality and uniformity of a formed workpiece can be improved.
3. The powder spreading machine can be adapted to one-way and two-way powder spreading, and the forming efficiency is improved.
4. The automatic feeding can be realized, the volume of the powder feeding cavity can be very small, the space is saved, and the overall volume of the equipment is reduced; meanwhile, the left powder storage chamber 190, the right powder storage chamber 200, the left powder adding chamber 210, the right powder adding chamber 220, the left powder overflowing cylinder 230 and the right powder overflowing cylinder 240 are sequentially arranged below the working chamber 110, longitudinal and transverse spaces are reasonably utilized, the whole structure is compact, the size is small, the occupied space is small, and space resources are saved.
5. The camera real time monitoring powder face more is favorable to controlling and spreads the powder quality, and the powder is spread to the single sword two-way, and two-layer powder face roughness error is less than 10 um.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a two-way shop powder and send powder device down which characterized in that includes:
the powder feeding device comprises a base body (100), wherein the base body (100) is provided with a working chamber (110) and two powder feeding chambers which are communicated with the working chamber (110), and the two powder feeding chambers are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of the working chamber (110);
the two powder feeding devices are respectively arranged below the two powder feeding chambers and are used for conveying powder into the corresponding powder feeding chambers from bottom to top;
and the scraper (700) is connected with the base body (100) in a sliding manner, is used for reciprocating between the two powder feeding chambers and enables powder to be filled in the forming cavity of the workpiece in the working chamber (110) when passing through the working chamber (110).
2. The bi-directional powder spreading and feeding device of claim 1, wherein:
a baffle is arranged between each powder feeding cavity and the working cavity (110), the baffle and the base body (100) jointly define an inlet-outlet channel, and two ends of the inlet-outlet channel are respectively communicated with the working cavity (110) and the powder feeding cavity; each baffle is movably connected with a door body, and the door body is used for opening or closing the inlet and outlet channel.
3. The bi-directional powder spreading and feeding device of claim 1, wherein:
the powder feeding device comprises a first telescopic mechanism and a piston plate, the first telescopic mechanism is connected with the base body (100), the piston plate is connected with the first telescopic mechanism, and the first telescopic mechanism is used for driving the piston plate to reciprocate and lift so as to convey powder upwards to the powder feeding chamber through the piston plate.
4. The bi-directional powder spreading and feeding device of claim 3, wherein:
the base body (100) is also provided with two powder storage chambers, and the two powder storage chambers are respectively communicated with the two powder feeding chambers and are positioned below the corresponding powder feeding chambers; the piston plate is arranged in the powder storage chamber and used for conveying the powder in the powder storage chamber upwards to the powder feeding chamber.
5. The bi-directional powder spreading and feeding device as claimed in claim 4, wherein:
the base body (100) is also provided with two powder adding chambers, and the two powder adding chambers respectively correspond to the two powder storage chambers; each add and all be equipped with in the powder cavity and add the powder device, add the powder device be used for with add the powder in the powder cavity and carry to store up in the powder cavity.
6. The bi-directional powder spreading and feeding device as claimed in claim 5, wherein:
the powder adding device comprises a motor, a mandrel and an elastic scraping blade, the motor is connected with the base body (100), the mandrel is connected with an output shaft of the motor, the elastic scraping blade is connected with the mandrel, the mandrel and the elastic scraping blade are both positioned in the powder adding cavity, and the elastic scraping blade is abutted against the inner wall of the powder adding cavity to block the powder adding cavity and the powder storing cavity; the motor is used for driving the mandrel to rotate so as to drive the elastic scraping blade to rotate, and therefore the elastic scraping blade is used for conveying powder into the powder storage chamber.
7. The bi-directional powder spreading and feeding device of claim 1, wherein:
the bidirectional powder paving and lower powder feeding device also comprises two powder overflowing cylinders, the two powder overflowing cylinders respectively correspond to the two powder feeding chambers, and the powder overflowing cylinders are positioned below the corresponding powder feeding chambers; the opening and closing door is arranged at the cylinder opening of each powder overflowing cylinder and used for opening or closing the cylinder opening so as to enable the powder overflowing cylinder to be communicated with the powder feeding cavity when the opening and closing door opens the cylinder opening.
8. The bi-directional powder spreading and feeding device of claim 1, wherein:
the bidirectional powder laying and feeding device further comprises a second telescopic mechanism (900), a forming cylinder (901) and a forming piston (902), wherein the forming cylinder (901) and the second telescopic mechanism (900) are both connected with the base body (100), and the forming cylinder (901) is positioned below the working chamber (110) and communicated with the working chamber (110); the forming piston (902) is connected with the second telescopic mechanism (900), and the second telescopic mechanism (900) is used for driving the forming piston (902) to lift.
9. The bi-directional powder spreading and feeding device of claim 1, wherein:
the base body (100) is further provided with two air supply outlets (140) communicated with the working chamber (110), and the two air supply outlets (140) are arranged at intervals in the height direction of the working chamber (110).
10. An additive manufacturing apparatus, wherein the additive manufacturing apparatus comprises:
laser head for sintering powder charge located in said working chamber (110) and a bidirectional powder laying and feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN202111601999.1A CN114247904A (en) | 2021-12-24 | 2021-12-24 | Bidirectional powder laying and feeding device and additive manufacturing equipment |
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| CN206392864U (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-08-11 | 张远明 | A kind of double-pole two-way powder laying device for selective laser melting unit |
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Application publication date: 20220329 |