CN114247851B - Pouring and cooling integrated device for gray cast iron production and application thereof - Google Patents
Pouring and cooling integrated device for gray cast iron production and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114247851B CN114247851B CN202111518659.2A CN202111518659A CN114247851B CN 114247851 B CN114247851 B CN 114247851B CN 202111518659 A CN202111518659 A CN 202111518659A CN 114247851 B CN114247851 B CN 114247851B
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- water spraying
- molten iron
- cooling
- sliding block
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/065—Cooling or heating equipment for moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D29/00—Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots
- B22D29/04—Handling or stripping castings or ingots
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/08—Manufacture of cast-iron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0025—Adding carbon material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/08—Making cast-iron alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
Abstract
The invention discloses a pouring and cooling integrated device for gray cast iron production, which comprises: a housing member having an opening at an upper end thereof; a mold assembly disposed within the housing member, the mold assembly having a gate disposed thereon, the gate being opposite the opening; the water cooling assembly comprises a water spraying pipe row, a rolling mechanism and a traction mechanism, one end of the water spraying pipe row is connected with the rolling mechanism, the other end of the water spraying pipe row is connected with the traction mechanism, the water spraying pipe row comprises a plurality of water spraying pipes and connecting pieces, the connecting pieces are arranged between two adjacent water spraying pipes, and the connecting pieces are elastic plastic pieces; after the casting is formed, the traction mechanism pulls the water spraying pipe row to be unfolded above the die assembly, the water spraying pipe row is communicated with a water source, and water is sprayed to the die assembly; after cooling, the rolling mechanism rotates to roll up and store the water spray tube row. The invention can accelerate the cooling speed of gray cast iron and improve the production efficiency of gray cast iron.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of gray cast iron materials. More particularly, the invention relates to a pouring and cooling integrated device for gray cast iron production and application thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of high horsepower and high speed of engines, higher requirements are put on cylinder head materials, so that high strength and hardness are required, and meanwhile, good castability, cutting performance and production cost cannot be too high. However, the existing gray cast iron material is cooled in a natural cooling mode in the production process, so that the cooling speed is low, the production efficiency is low, the manufacturing cost is high, and the market competitiveness of the product is difficult to improve. In order to improve the competitiveness of products, development of a gray cast iron pouring and cooling device with high cooling speed and low production cost is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages to be described later.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a pouring and cooling integrated apparatus for gray cast iron production, which can accelerate the cooling rate of gray cast iron and improve the production efficiency of gray cast iron.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a cast cooling integrated apparatus for gray cast iron production, comprising:
a housing member having an opening at an upper end thereof;
a mold assembly disposed within the housing member, the mold assembly having a gate disposed thereon, the gate being opposite the opening;
the water cooling assembly comprises a water spraying pipe row, a rolling mechanism and a traction mechanism, one end of the water spraying pipe row is connected with the rolling mechanism, the other end of the water spraying pipe row is connected with the traction mechanism, the water spraying pipe row comprises a plurality of water spraying pipes and connecting pieces, the connecting pieces are arranged between two adjacent water spraying pipes, water spraying holes are formed in the water spraying pipes, and the connecting pieces are elastic plastic pieces;
after the casting is formed, the traction mechanism pulls the water spraying pipe row to be unfolded above the die assembly, the water spraying pipe row is communicated with a water source, and water is sprayed to the die assembly; after cooling, the rolling mechanism rotates to roll up and store the water spray tube row.
Preferably, the mold assembly comprises an upper mold, a left side mold and a right side mold, wherein the upper mold is arranged in the shell member and is fixedly connected with the shell member through a mounting rod, the left side mold and the right side mold are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged, the upper mold is arranged right above the left side mold and the right side mold, and a pouring opening is formed in the upper mold and is opposite to the opening; and the die horizontal moving structure is arranged in the shell piece and is connected with the left die and the right die to drive the left die and the right die to be close to or separated from each other.
Preferably, the horizontal moving structure of the die comprises a first motor, a first screw rod, a left side sliding block, a right side sliding block, a left side supporting rod and a right side supporting rod, wherein the bottoms of the left side sliding block and the right side sliding block are arranged in a first sliding groove formed in the bottom of a shell piece in a sliding mode, threaded holes are formed in the left side sliding block and the right side sliding block, the first screw rod penetrates through the threaded holes and is in threaded connection with the threaded holes, the first motor is arranged beside the shell piece and is connected with the first screw rod to drive the first screw rod to rotate, the left end of the first screw rod is provided with a positive rotation thread, the left side sliding block and the right side sliding block move relatively or reversely when the first motor rotates, the bottom of the left side supporting rod is vertically connected with the left side sliding block, the top of the left side supporting rod is vertically connected with the left side die, and the top of the right side supporting rod is connected with the right side die.
Preferably, the winding mechanism comprises a reel and a second motor, the reel is arranged in the shell and located above the right side of the shell, the second motor is arranged beside the shell and connected with the reel, and one end of the water spray tube row is connected with the reel.
Preferably, the traction mechanism comprises a mounting plate, a second sliding block, a second screw rod, a second motor and a second sliding groove, wherein the mounting plate is arranged in the shell, and symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the upper end of the shell, the second sliding groove is arranged on the mounting plate and along the length direction of the mounting plate, the second sliding block is slidably arranged in the second sliding groove, the second screw rod is in threaded connection with a threaded hole on the second sliding block, and the second motor is arranged beside the shell and is connected with the second screw rod.
Preferably, the lower extreme of casing spare is provided with the air intake, the lower extreme of casing spare still is provided with the forced air cooling subassembly, the forced air cooling subassembly includes:
the air spraying pipe row is arranged in the shell piece and positioned below the die assembly, and the air spraying pipe row is formed by a plurality of air pipes side by side;
the fan is arranged beside the shell part and is connected with the air spraying pipe row.
Preferably, the device further comprises a lifting mechanism and a transferring mechanism, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises:
the clamping grooves are formed in the left support rod and the right support rod, and are formed in the length direction of the left support rod and the length direction of the right support rod;
the clamping connector is slidably arranged in the clamping groove, and the left side die and the right side die are connected with the clamping block;
the left side support rod and the right side support rod are respectively provided with a hydraulic rod, and the movable end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with the clamping block so as to drive the clamping block to slide up and down in the chute;
the transfer mechanism is a conveyor belt and is positioned below the die assembly, transfer windows are formed in the front side and the rear side of the shell, the transfer mechanism penetrates through the transfer windows, a wind shielding curtain is arranged at the transfer windows, the upper end of the wind shielding curtain is hinged with the shell, and the lower end of the wind shielding curtain is in butt joint with the conveyor belt of the transfer mechanism;
wherein, after the foundry goods cooling, elevating system reduces the height of mould subassembly so that the mould subassembly is close the conveyer belt, and mould horizontal movement structure moves to the both sides of casing spare in order to make left side mould and right side mould separate, and the foundry goods falls into the conveyer belt in order to transport out the foundry goods from the casing spare through the conveyer belt.
The method for preparing the diesel engine cylinder cover material by using the pouring and cooling integrated device comprises the following steps of:
firstly, placing ferrosilicon alloy in an intermediate frequency furnace, adding return iron for smelting, and adding carburant and scrap steel for smelting when the return iron in the furnace is completely melted into molten iron until steel in the furnace is completely melted into molten iron; the mass ratio of the return iron to the scrap steel is 1:1;
step two, when the temperature of molten iron is increased to 1500 ℃, transferring the molten iron from the intermediate frequency furnace into a ladle;
adding ferrophosphorus alloy into an intermediate frequency furnace, then introducing all molten iron in a ladle into the intermediate frequency furnace, adding a silicon strontium inoculant and a chromium nitride iron inoculant into the molten iron in the intermediate frequency furnace, and preserving heat for 9min when the temperature of the molten iron is increased to 1530 ℃ to perform molten iron purification treatment to obtain refined molten iron, wherein the refined molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 3.45-3.65%, si:2.03-2.32%, S:0.03-0.05%, mn:0.80-0.90%, cu:0.32-0.42%, cr:0.35-0.45%, P:0.1-0.2%, N:0.008-0.018%;
and fourthly, discharging the refined molten iron into a ladle, pouring in the pouring and cooling integrated device, cooling, and then opening the ladle downwards for circulation cleaning.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the pouring and cooling integrated device can realize uniform and slow cooling of the casting, and can avoid the excessive high cooling speed and internal stress in the casting while accelerating the cooling speed, thereby improving the quality of the casting.
Secondly, smelting the recycled iron and the ferrosilicon to obtain high-silicon and medium-carbon molten iron, adding a carburant for carbureting and scrap steel into the high-silicon and medium-carbon molten iron, forming a high-carbon micro-area in the molten iron by the carburant, and forming a low-carbon micro-area and a low-silicon micro-area after the scrap steel is melted in the molten iron, wherein the high-carbon micro-area, the medium-carbon micro-area, the high-carbon micro-area, the low-carbon micro-area, the medium-carbon micro-area and the low-carbon micro-area have various carbon content change areas, so that the molten iron has strong austenite forming capability, and crystal nuclei are tiny and uniform; the low silicon area formed in the high silicon molten iron area enhances the free diffusion capacity of carbon atoms in molten iron, promotes the growth rate of austenite nuclear crystal orientation graphite, enhances the inoculation capacity of molten iron, and is easy to control the graphite form to obtain A-type graphite.
Thirdly, the phosphorus content is improved by adding the ferrophosphorus alloy, the fluidity of molten iron is improved, the carbon reduction and silicon increase, the grain refinement and the eutectic cell number are achieved by adding the silicon strontium inoculant, the tissue uniformity is improved, the N in the ferrochromium nitride inoculant can refine graphite, the nucleation of graphite is promoted, dendrite distribution is uniform, the eutectic cell is refined, cr is an element for preventing graphitization, the eutectic cell number is increased, the pearlite structure is refined, the ferrochromium nitride inoculant can obviously improve the material strength, and the influence of the phosphorus content on the tensile strength of the material is eliminated.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic view of the mounting structure of the lifting mechanism on the left side support bar and the right side support bar;
fig. 3 illustrates a schematic construction of a water cooling module.
1. A housing member 1; 2. a first chute 2; 3. an upper die 3; 4. a left side die 4; 5. a right side die 5; 6. a mounting bar 6; 7. a first motor 7; 8. a first screw rod 8; 9. a left slider 9; 10. a right slider 10; 11. a left support bar 11; 12. a right side support bar 12; 13. a water jet pipe row 13; 14. a traction mechanism 14; 15. a winding mechanism 15; 16. a sprue gate 16; 17. a transfer mechanism 17; 18. a blower 18; 19. a jet pipe row 19; 20. a clamping groove 20; 21. a clamping block 21; 22. a hydraulic lever 22; 23. a mounting plate 23; 24. a second screw 24; 25. a connecting member 25; 26. a water spray pipe 26; 27. a reel 27.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following embodiments, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials, unless otherwise specified, are all commercially available; in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "disposed" are to be construed broadly, and may be fixedly connected, disposed, or detachably connected, disposed, or integrally connected, disposed, for example. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art. The terms "transverse," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used for convenience in describing and simplifying the description of the present invention based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and do not denote or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
A cast cooling integrated device for gray cast iron production, comprising:
a housing member 1 provided with an opening at an upper end thereof;
a mold assembly disposed within the housing member 1, the mold assembly having a gate 16 disposed thereon, the gate 16 being opposite the opening;
the water cooling assembly comprises a water spraying pipe row 13, a rolling mechanism 15 and a traction mechanism 14, one end of the water spraying pipe row 13 is connected with the rolling mechanism 15, the other end of the water spraying pipe row is connected with the traction mechanism 14, the water spraying pipe row comprises a plurality of water spraying pipes 26 and connecting pieces 25, the connecting pieces 25 are arranged between two adjacent water spraying pipes 26, water spraying holes are formed in the water spraying pipes 26, and the connecting pieces 25 are elastic plastic pieces;
wherein, after the casting is formed, the traction mechanism 14 pulls the water spraying pipe row 13 to be unfolded above the die assembly, the water spraying pipe 26 is connected with a water source, and water is sprayed to the die assembly; after cooling, the winding mechanism 15 rotates to wind up and store the water-jet tube row 13.
In another technical scheme, the die assembly comprises an upper die 3, a left die 4 and a right die 5, wherein the upper die 3 is arranged in the shell member 1 and is fixedly connected with the shell member 1 through a mounting rod 6, the left die 4 and the right die 5 are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged, the upper die 3 is arranged right above the left die 4 and the right die 5, a pouring opening 16 is formed in the upper die 3, and the pouring opening 16 is opposite to the opening; the mould horizontal moving structure is arranged in the shell piece 1 and is connected with the left mould 4 and the right mould 5 to drive the left mould 4 and the right mould 5 to approach or separate;
in another technical scheme, the horizontal moving structure of the die comprises a first motor 7, a first screw rod 8, a left sliding block 9, a right sliding block 10, a left supporting rod 11 and a right supporting rod 12, wherein the bottoms of the left sliding block 9 and the right sliding block 10 are slidably arranged in a first sliding groove 2 formed in the bottom of a shell piece 1, threaded holes are formed in the left sliding block 9 and the right sliding block 10, the first screw rod 8 penetrates through the threaded holes and is in threaded connection with the threaded holes, the first motor 7 is arranged beside the shell piece 1 and is connected with the first screw rod 8 to drive the first screw rod 8 to rotate, positive threads are formed in the left end of the first screw rod 8, when the first motor 7 rotates, the left sliding block 9 and the right sliding block 10 move relatively or reversely, the bottom of the left supporting rod 11 is vertically connected with the left sliding block 9, the bottom of the right supporting rod 12 is vertically connected with the right sliding block 10, and the top of the left supporting rod 11 is vertically connected with the right supporting rod 12, and the top of the die is vertically connected with the top of the die 12.
In another embodiment, the winding mechanism 15 includes a winding shaft 27 and a second motor, the winding shaft 27 is disposed in the housing member 1 and located above the right side of the housing member 1, the second motor is disposed beside the housing member 1 and connected to the winding shaft 27, and one end of the water pipe row 13 is connected to the winding shaft 27. The invention is convenient for pouring molten iron by arranging the rolling mechanism 15 to roll the water pipe row 13 so as to prevent the water pipe row 13 from blocking the pouring gate 16.
In another technical scheme, the traction mechanism 14 includes a mounting plate 23, a second slider, a second screw rod 24, a second motor and a second sliding groove, the mounting plate 23 is disposed in the housing member 1 and symmetrically disposed on front and rear sides of the upper end of the housing member 1, the second sliding groove is disposed on the mounting plate 23 and along the length direction of the mounting plate 23, the second slider is slidably disposed in the second sliding groove, the second screw rod 24 is in threaded connection with a threaded hole on the second slider, and the second motor is disposed beside the housing member 1 and is connected with the second screw rod 24. The coiled water spray pipe row 13 is pulled out and unfolded through the traction mechanism 14 so as to cover the upper part of the die assembly, so that uniform water spray of the die assembly is realized; after cooling is completed, the roll-up mechanism 15 rolls up the water tube row 13 in preparation for the next casting.
In another technical scheme, the lower extreme of casing spare 1 is provided with the air intake, the lower extreme of casing spare 1 still is provided with the forced air cooling subassembly, the forced air cooling subassembly includes:
a blast pipe row 19 disposed in the housing member 1 and below the mold assembly, the blast pipe row 19 being composed of a plurality of blast pipes side by side;
a fan 18, which is disposed beside the housing part 1, the fan 18 being connected to the air-jet line row 19.
According to the invention, the air cooling assembly is arranged to blow the castings in the die assembly, so that moisture on the castings is evaporated to take away heat on the castings, slow cooling of the castings is realized, internal stress caused by too high cooling speed is effectively avoided, and the quality of the castings is improved.
In another embodiment, the device further comprises a lifting mechanism and a transferring mechanism 17, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises:
the clamping grooves 20 are formed in the left support rod 11 and the right support rod 12, and the clamping grooves 20 are formed in the left support rod 11 and the right support rod 12 along the length direction of the left support rod 11 and the right support rod 12;
the clamping block 21 is slidably arranged in the clamping groove 20, and the left side die 4 and the right side die 5 are connected with the clamping block 21;
the hydraulic rods 22 are arranged on the left support rod 11 and the right support rod 12, and the movable ends of the hydraulic rods 22 are fixedly connected with the clamping blocks 21 to drive the clamping blocks 21 to slide up and down in the sliding grooves;
the transfer mechanism 17 is a conveyor belt, the transfer mechanism 17 is positioned below the die assembly, transfer windows are formed in the front side and the rear side of the shell member 1, the transfer mechanism 17 penetrates through the transfer windows, a wind shielding curtain is arranged at the transfer windows, the upper end of the wind shielding curtain is hinged with the shell member 1, and the lower end of the wind shielding curtain is in butt joint with the conveyor belt of the transfer mechanism 17;
wherein after the casting has cooled, the lifting mechanism lowers the height of the mold assembly so that the mold assembly approaches the conveyor belt, the mold horizontal movement structure moves to both sides of the housing member 1 to separate the left side mold 4 and the right side mold 5, and the casting falls onto the conveyor belt to carry the casting out of the housing member 1 by the conveyor belt.
Before casting, the left side die 4 and the right side die 5 are abutted by the die horizontal moving mechanism, so that the left side die 4, the right side die 5 and the upper die 3 are enclosed into a forming cavity, molten iron is cast into the forming cavity through a sprue gate 16, after a casting is formed, a traction mechanism 14 pulls a water spraying pipe row 13 to be unfolded above a die assembly, a water spraying pipe 26 is connected with a water source, and water is sprayed to the die assembly; after cooling, the winding mechanism 15 rotates to wind up and store the water-jet tube row 13. The invention sprays water to the casting in the form of the water spray pipe row 13, so that the cooling of the whole casting is uniform.
The lifting mechanism and the transferring mechanism 17 conveniently and rapidly transfer the cooled castings from the pouring and cooling integrated device, thereby being easy to realize the automation of casting production and improving the production efficiency.
A method for preparing a diesel engine cylinder head material by using the pouring and cooling integrated device, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, placing ferrosilicon alloy in an intermediate frequency furnace, adding return iron for smelting, and adding carburant and scrap steel for smelting when the return iron in the furnace is completely melted into molten iron until steel in the furnace is completely melted into molten iron; the mass ratio of the return iron to the scrap steel is 1:1;
step two, when the temperature of molten iron is increased to 1500 ℃, transferring the molten iron from the intermediate frequency furnace into a ladle;
adding ferrophosphorus alloy into an intermediate frequency furnace, then introducing all molten iron in a ladle into the intermediate frequency furnace, adding a silicon strontium inoculant and a chromium nitride iron inoculant into the molten iron in the intermediate frequency furnace, and preserving heat for 9min when the temperature of the molten iron is increased to 1530 ℃ to perform molten iron purification treatment to obtain refined molten iron, wherein the refined molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 3.45-3.65%, si:2.03-2.32%, S:0.03-0.05%, mn:0.80-0.90%, cu:0.32-0.42%, cr:0.35-0.45%, P:0.1-0.2%, N:0.008-0.018%;
and fourthly, discharging the refined molten iron into a ladle, pouring in the pouring and cooling integrated device, cooling, and then opening the ladle downwards for circulation cleaning.
Example 1
A cast cooling integrated device for gray cast iron production, comprising:
a housing member 1 provided with an opening at an upper end thereof;
a mold assembly disposed within the housing member 1, the mold assembly having a gate 16 disposed thereon, the gate 16 being opposite the opening;
the water cooling assembly comprises a water spraying pipe row 13, a rolling mechanism 15 and a traction mechanism 14, one end of the water spraying pipe row 13 is connected with the rolling mechanism 15, the other end of the water spraying pipe row is connected with the traction mechanism 14, the water spraying pipe row comprises a plurality of water spraying pipes 26 and connecting pieces 25, the connecting pieces 25 are arranged between two adjacent water spraying pipes 26, water spraying holes are formed in the water spraying pipes 26, and the connecting pieces 25 are elastic plastic pieces;
wherein, after the casting is formed, the traction mechanism 14 pulls the water spraying pipe row 13 to be unfolded above the die assembly, the water spraying pipe 26 is connected with a water source, and water is sprayed to the die assembly; after cooling, the rolling mechanism 15 rotates to roll up and store the water pipe row 13;
the die assembly comprises an upper die 3, a left die 4 and a right die 5, wherein the upper die 3 is arranged in the shell piece 1 and is fixedly connected with the shell piece 1 through a mounting rod 6, the left die 4 and the right die 5 are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged, the upper die 3 is arranged right above the left die 4 and the right die 5, a pouring opening 16 is arranged on the upper die 3, and the pouring opening 16 is opposite to the opening; the mould horizontal moving structure is arranged in the shell piece 1 and is connected with the left mould 4 and the right mould 5 to drive the left mould 4 and the right mould 5 to approach or separate;
the die horizontal moving structure comprises a first motor 7, a first screw rod 8, a left sliding block 9, a right sliding block 10, a left supporting rod 11 and a right supporting rod 12, wherein the bottoms of the left sliding block 9 and the right sliding block 10 are slidably arranged in a first sliding groove 2 arranged at the bottom of a shell piece 1, threaded holes are formed in the left sliding block 9 and the right sliding block 10, the first screw rod 8 penetrates through the threaded holes and is in threaded connection with the threaded holes, the first motor 7 is arranged beside the shell piece 1 and is connected with the first screw rod 8 to drive the first screw rod 8 to rotate, a positive rotation thread is formed at the left end of the first screw rod 8, when the right end of the first screw rod 8 is provided with a negative rotation thread to enable the first motor 7 to rotate, the left sliding block 9 and the right sliding block 10 move relatively or reversely, the bottom of the left supporting rod 11 is vertically connected with the left sliding block 9, the bottom of the right supporting rod 12 is vertically connected with the right sliding block 10, the top of the left supporting rod 11 is vertically connected with the right supporting rod 4, and the top of the die is connected with the right supporting rod 5;
the winding mechanism 15 comprises a reel 27 and a second motor, the reel 27 is arranged in the shell member 1 and is positioned above the right side of the shell member 1, the second motor is arranged beside the shell member 1 and is connected with the reel 27, and one end of the water spray tube row 13 is connected with the reel 27. The invention is convenient for pouring molten iron by arranging the rolling mechanism 15 to roll the water pipe row 13 so as to prevent the water pipe row 13 from blocking the pouring gate 16;
the traction mechanism 14 comprises a mounting plate 23, a second sliding block, a second screw rod 24, a second motor and a second sliding groove, wherein the mounting plate 23 is arranged in the shell piece 1 and symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the upper end of the shell piece 1, the second sliding groove is arranged on the mounting plate 23 and along the length direction of the mounting plate 23, the second sliding block is slidably arranged in the second sliding groove, the second screw rod 24 is in threaded connection with a threaded hole on the second sliding block, and the second motor is arranged beside the shell piece 1 and is connected with the second screw rod 24;
the lower extreme of casing piece 1 is provided with the air intake, the lower extreme of casing piece 1 still is provided with the forced air cooling subassembly, the forced air cooling subassembly includes:
a blast pipe row 19 disposed in the housing member 1 and below the mold assembly, the blast pipe row 19 being composed of a plurality of blast pipes side by side;
a fan 18 disposed beside the housing part 1, the fan 18 being connected to the air-jet duct row 19;
a lifting mechanism and a transfer mechanism 17, the lifting mechanism comprising:
the clamping grooves 20 are formed in the left support rod 11 and the right support rod 12, and the clamping grooves 20 are formed in the left support rod 11 and the right support rod 12 along the length direction of the left support rod 11 and the right support rod 12;
the clamping block 21 is slidably arranged in the clamping groove 20, and the left side die 4 and the right side die 5 are connected with the clamping block 21;
the hydraulic rods 22 are arranged on the left support rod 11 and the right support rod 12, and the movable ends of the hydraulic rods 22 are fixedly connected with the clamping blocks 21 to drive the clamping blocks 21 to slide up and down in the sliding grooves;
the transfer mechanism 17 is a conveyor belt, the transfer mechanism 17 is positioned below the die assembly, transfer windows are formed in the front side and the rear side of the shell member 1, the transfer mechanism 17 penetrates through the transfer windows, a wind shielding curtain is arranged at the transfer windows, the upper end of the wind shielding curtain is hinged with the shell member 1, and the lower end of the wind shielding curtain is in butt joint with the conveyor belt of the transfer mechanism 17;
wherein after the casting has cooled, the lifting mechanism lowers the height of the mold assembly so that the mold assembly approaches the conveyor belt, the mold horizontal movement structure moves to both sides of the housing member 1 to separate the left side mold 4 and the right side mold 5, and the casting falls onto the conveyor belt to carry the casting out of the housing member 1 by the conveyor belt.
Before casting, the left side die 4 and the right side die 5 are abutted by the die horizontal moving mechanism, so that the left side die 4, the right side die 5 and the upper die 3 are enclosed into a forming cavity, molten iron is cast into the forming cavity through a sprue gate 16, after a casting is formed, a traction mechanism 14 pulls a water spraying pipe row 13 to be unfolded above a die assembly, a water spraying pipe 26 is connected with a water source, and water is sprayed to the die assembly; after cooling, the winding mechanism 15 rotates to wind up and store the water-jet tube row 13. The invention sprays water to the casting in the form of the water spray pipe row 13, so that the cooling of the whole casting is uniform.
Example 2
A method for preparing a diesel engine cylinder head material using the cast cooling integrated apparatus of embodiment 1, comprising the steps of:
firstly, placing ferrosilicon alloy in an intermediate frequency furnace, adding return iron for smelting, and adding carburant and scrap steel for smelting when the return iron in the furnace is completely melted into molten iron until steel in the furnace is completely melted into molten iron; the mass ratio of the return iron to the scrap steel is 1:1;
step two, when the temperature of molten iron is increased to 1500 ℃, transferring the molten iron from the intermediate frequency furnace into a ladle;
adding ferrophosphorus alloy into an intermediate frequency furnace, then introducing all molten iron in a ladle into the intermediate frequency furnace, adding a silicon strontium inoculant and a chromium nitride iron inoculant into the molten iron in the intermediate frequency furnace, and preserving heat for 9min when the temperature of the molten iron is increased to 1530 ℃ to perform molten iron purification treatment to obtain refined molten iron, wherein the refined molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 3.65%, si:2.32%, S:0.03%, mn:0.80%, cu:0.32%, cr:0.45%, P:0.1%, N:0.018%;
and fourthly, discharging the refined molten iron into a ladle, pouring in the pouring and cooling integrated device, cooling, and then opening the ladle downwards for circulation cleaning.
Comparative example 1
A method of preparing a diesel engine cylinder head material comprising the steps of:
firstly, placing ferrosilicon alloy in an intermediate frequency furnace, adding return iron for smelting, and adding carburant and scrap steel for smelting when the return iron in the furnace is completely melted into molten iron until steel in the furnace is completely melted into molten iron; the mass ratio of the return iron to the scrap steel is 1:1;
step two, when the temperature of molten iron is increased to 1500 ℃, transferring the molten iron from the intermediate frequency furnace into a ladle;
adding ferrophosphorus alloy into an intermediate frequency furnace, then introducing all molten iron in a ladle into the intermediate frequency furnace, adding a silicon strontium inoculant and a chromium nitride iron inoculant into the molten iron in the intermediate frequency furnace, and preserving heat for 9min when the temperature of the molten iron is increased to 1530 ℃ to perform molten iron purification treatment to obtain refined molten iron, wherein the refined molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 3.65%, si:2.32%, S:0.03%, mn:0.80%, cu:0.32%, cr:0.45%, P:0.1%, N:0.018%;
and fourthly, discharging the refined molten iron into a ladle, pouring in a mould, naturally cooling, and opening the ladle to clean after cooling.
< test 1 >
The following performance tests were carried out on the casting materials of example 2 and comparative example 1:
1) Tensile strength: and detecting by a universal tensile testing machine.
2) Hardness: and detecting the hardness by adopting the lining type hardness.
The results of the performance tests are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
| Hardness (HLC) | Tensile strength (MPa) | |
| Comparative example 1 | 562 | 298.6 |
| Example 2 | 560 | 295.1 |
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the hardness and tensile strength of the casting materials prepared in example 2 and comparative example 1 of the present invention are not very different, but the casting and cooling integrated device in example 2 can greatly reduce the cooling rate, improve the production efficiency and reduce the production cost.
< test two >
Comparative example 2: a method of preparing a diesel engine cylinder head material comprising the steps of:
firstly, adding ferrosilicon alloy, a return iron smelting agent and scrap steel into a medium frequency furnace for smelting until the steel in the furnace is completely melted into molten iron; the mass ratio of the return iron to the scrap steel is 1:1;
step two, when the temperature of molten iron is increased to 1500 ℃, transferring the molten iron from the intermediate frequency furnace into a ladle, and then adjusting the carbon content of the molten iron to a required value range;
adding ferrophosphorus alloy into an intermediate frequency furnace, then introducing all molten iron in a ladle into the intermediate frequency furnace, adding a silicon strontium inoculant and a chromium nitride iron inoculant into the molten iron in the intermediate frequency furnace, and preserving heat for 9min when the temperature of the molten iron is increased to 1530 ℃ to perform molten iron purification treatment to obtain refined molten iron, wherein the refined molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 3.65%, si:2.32%, S:0.03%, mn:0.80%, cu:0.32%, cr:0.45%, P:0.1%, N:0.018%
And fourthly, discharging the refined molten iron into a ladle, pouring in the pouring and cooling integrated device, cooling, and then opening the ladle downwards for circulation cleaning.
The following performance tests were carried out on the casting materials of comparative example 2 and example 2:
1) Tensile strength: and detecting by a universal tensile testing machine.
2) Hardness: and detecting the hardness by adopting the lining type hardness.
The results of the performance tests are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
| Hardness (HLC) | Tensile strength (MPa) | |
| Example 2 | 560 | 295.1 |
| Comparative example 2 | 504 | 235.7 |
As can be seen from the results in Table 2, the hardness and tensile strength of the castings prepared according to example 2 of the present invention are higher than those of comparative example 2.
The metallographic phase of the casting materials of comparative example 2 and example 2 was analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Example 2 | Comparative example 2 | |
| A-type graphite (%) | 93 | 85 |
| Pearlite matrix (%) | 100 | 90 |
| Ferrite content (%) | 0.2 | 4.5 |
| Total amount of phosphorus eutectic and carbon compound (%) | 0.8 | 3.6 |
From the results in Table 3, it is clear that the ferrite, phosphorus eutectic and carbon compound contents in example 2 of the present invention are still at a lower level, while the increase of the carbon, silicon and phosphorus contents can improve the fluidity of molten iron, create favorable conditions for casting, and reduce the rejection rate of castings.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A pouring cooling integrated device for grey cast iron production, which is characterized by comprising:
a housing member having an opening at an upper end thereof;
a mold assembly disposed within the housing member, the mold assembly having a gate disposed thereon, the gate being opposite the opening;
the mold assembly comprises an upper mold, a left side mold and a right side mold, wherein the upper mold is arranged in the shell and is fixedly connected with the shell through a mounting rod, the left side mold and the right side mold are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged, the upper mold is arranged right above the left side mold and the right side mold, a pouring opening is formed in the upper mold, and the pouring opening is opposite to the opening; the die horizontal moving structure is arranged in the shell piece and connected with the left die and the right die to drive the left die and the right die to be close to or separated from each other;
the die horizontal moving structure comprises a first motor, a first screw rod, a left side sliding block, a right side sliding block, a left side supporting rod and a right side supporting rod, wherein the bottoms of the left side sliding block and the right side sliding block are arranged in a first sliding groove formed in the bottom of a shell piece in a sliding mode, threaded holes are formed in the left side sliding block and the right side sliding block, the first screw rod penetrates through the threaded holes and is in threaded connection with the threaded holes, the first motor is arranged beside the shell piece and is connected with the first screw rod to drive the first screw rod to rotate, a positive rotation thread is formed in the left end of the first screw rod, a reverse rotation thread is formed in the right end of the first screw rod to enable the left side sliding block and the right side sliding block to move relatively or reversely when the first motor rotates, the bottom of the left side supporting rod is vertically connected with the left side sliding block, the bottom of the right side supporting rod is vertically connected with the left side die, and the top of the right side supporting rod is connected with the right side die.
The water cooling assembly comprises a water spraying pipe row, a rolling mechanism and a traction mechanism, one end of the water spraying pipe row is connected with the rolling mechanism, the other end of the water spraying pipe row is connected with the traction mechanism, the water spraying pipe row comprises a plurality of water spraying pipes and connecting pieces, the connecting pieces are arranged between two adjacent water spraying pipes, water spraying holes are formed in the water spraying pipes, and the connecting pieces are elastic plastic pieces;
after the casting is formed, the traction mechanism pulls the water spraying pipe row to be unfolded above the die assembly, the water spraying pipe row is communicated with a water source, and water is sprayed to the die assembly; after cooling, the rolling mechanism rotates to roll up and store the water spray tube row;
still include elevating system and transport mechanism, elevating system includes:
the clamping grooves are formed in the left support rod and the right support rod, and are formed in the length direction of the left support rod and the length direction of the right support rod;
the clamping block is slidably arranged in the clamping groove, and the left side die and the right side die are connected with the clamping block;
the left side support rod and the right side support rod are respectively provided with a hydraulic rod, and the movable end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with the clamping block so as to drive the clamping block to slide up and down in the chute;
the transfer mechanism is a conveyor belt and is positioned below the die assembly, transfer windows are formed in the front side and the rear side of the shell, the transfer mechanism penetrates through the transfer windows, a wind shielding curtain is arranged at the transfer windows, the upper end of the wind shielding curtain is hinged with the shell, and the lower end of the wind shielding curtain is in butt joint with the conveyor belt of the transfer mechanism;
wherein, after the foundry goods cooling, elevating system reduces the height of mould subassembly so that the mould subassembly is close the conveyer belt, and mould horizontal movement structure moves to the both sides of casing spare in order to make left side mould and right side mould separate, and the foundry goods falls into the conveyer belt in order to transport out the foundry goods from the casing spare through the conveyer belt.
2. The integrated casting and cooling device for gray cast iron production according to claim 1, wherein said rolling mechanism comprises a reel and a second motor, said reel being disposed in said housing member and above the right side of the housing member, said second motor being disposed beside said housing member and connected to said reel, and said water jet tube row being connected to said reel at one end thereof.
3. The integrated casting and cooling device for gray cast iron production according to claim 1, wherein the traction mechanism comprises a mounting plate, a second sliding block, a second screw rod, a second motor and a second sliding groove, the mounting plate is arranged in the housing piece and symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the upper end of the housing piece, the second sliding groove is arranged on the mounting plate and along the length direction of the mounting plate, the second sliding block is slidably arranged in the second sliding groove, the second screw rod is in threaded connection with a threaded hole on the second sliding block, and the second motor is arranged beside the housing piece and is connected with the second screw rod.
4. The integrated casting and cooling device for gray cast iron production according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the housing member is provided with an air inlet, the lower end of the housing member is further provided with an air cooling assembly, the air cooling assembly comprises:
the air spraying pipe row is arranged in the shell piece and positioned below the die assembly, and the air spraying pipe row is formed by a plurality of air pipes side by side;
the fan is arranged beside the shell part and is connected with the air spraying pipe row.
5. A method for preparing a diesel engine cylinder head material using the cast cooling integrated apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
firstly, placing ferrosilicon alloy in an intermediate frequency furnace, adding return iron for smelting, and adding carburant and scrap steel for smelting when the return iron in the furnace is completely melted into molten iron until steel in the furnace is completely melted into molten iron;
step two, when the temperature of molten iron is increased to 1500 ℃, transferring the molten iron from the intermediate frequency furnace into a ladle;
adding ferrophosphorus alloy into an intermediate frequency furnace, then introducing all molten iron in a ladle into the intermediate frequency furnace, adding a silicon strontium inoculant and a chromium nitride iron inoculant into the molten iron in the intermediate frequency furnace, and preserving heat for 9min when the temperature of the molten iron is increased to 1530 ℃ to perform molten iron purification treatment to obtain refined molten iron, wherein the refined molten iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 3.45-3.65%, si:2.03-2.32%, S:0.03-0.05%, mn:0.80-0.90%, cu:0.32-0.42%, cr:0.35-0.45%, P:0.1-0.2%, N:0.008-0.018%;
and fourthly, discharging the refined molten iron into a ladle, pouring in the pouring and cooling integrated device, cooling, and then opening the ladle downwards for circulation cleaning.
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