CN106947912A - A kind of austempering ductile iron and its casting method - Google Patents
A kind of austempering ductile iron and its casting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106947912A CN106947912A CN201710284056.8A CN201710284056A CN106947912A CN 106947912 A CN106947912 A CN 106947912A CN 201710284056 A CN201710284056 A CN 201710284056A CN 106947912 A CN106947912 A CN 106947912A
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- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 238000005279 austempering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- MIDOFQRPAXDZET-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Sr] Chemical compound [Si].[Sr] MIDOFQRPAXDZET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 18
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001073 sample cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000020442 loss of weight Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
- C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of austempering ductile iron and its casting method, it is related to field of metal casting technology, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.14 3.86%, Si 2.32 2.76%, Mn 0.32 0.98%, Mg 0.01 0.04%, Cu 0.45 0.67%, Ni 0.51 0.78%, Mo 0.2 0.4%, Cr 0.15 0.35%, Sb 0.005 0.027%, Re 0.025 0.057%, Ce 0.005 0.02%, P ＜ 0.05%, S ＜ 0.01%, remaining is iron and other inevitable impurity, its casting method is to weigh required raw material by weight percentage, melting, breed and poured into a mould with after spheroidising, casting is obtained through isothermal hardening, the stretching of austempering ductile iron prepared by the present invention and yield strength are high, spheroidal graphite is small, Oxygen potential and hardness are high, anti-wear performance is strong, suitable for all kinds of mechanical casting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metal casting technology, and in particular to a kind of austempering ductile iron and its casting method.
Background technology
The beginning of the thirties in last century, ESDavenpon and ECBain are in the cooling velocity of Study on Steel and the pass of performance
When being, steel is found after austenite processing and is kept through uniform temperature, the carbon precipitated on acicular ferrite and certain interface is obtained
Compound eutectoid structure, with good combination property.This tissue is later known as bainite.Keep, formed in lower temperature
The mixture of the carbide precipitated in acicular ferrite and cable body on the certain crystal face in portion turns into lower bainite.Protected in higher temperature
Hold, the mixture tissue referred to as upper bainite of the carbide precipitated around lath columnar ferrite and lath is formed, by now to shellfish
The classification of family name's body also has other kinds bainite, and this Technology for Heating Processing is called isothermal hardening, the nodular cast iron warp of certain ingredients
The cast iron materials obtained after isothermal hardening are exactly austempering ductile iron (ADI).
ADI is that recent domestic is paid close attention to and deepened continuously always a kind of application surface very wide new material of research.Its
With excellent mechanical property, such as high toughness, tensile strength, hardness, fracture toughness, fatigue strength are wear-resisting better than steel
Property and damping noise reduction performance.The continuous fierceness competed with modern industry, the mesh that the material of high-performance and low-cost is exactly pursued
Mark, ADI can meet requirement well, and be applied in many fields, such as, replace forged steel and cast steel to give birth to ADI
Produce auto parts and components, can loss of weight 10-30%, reduce relative cost 15-30%, car noise is greatly lowered from source, and
Energy consumption can be reduced, mitigates waste gas discharge, improve driving ratio.
However, ADI production all proposes more strict requirements to casting and being heat-treated two aspects., in terms of casting
Higher Oxygen potential and more rational metallographic structure are asked, in terms of heat treatment, austenitizing, isothermal hardening is strictly controlled
Temperature and soaking time.
The content of the invention
(1) technical problem solved
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of austempering ductile iron and its casting method so that
The spheroidal graphite cast-iron produced also has very high wearability while having high intensity and high tenacity.
(2) technical scheme
To realize object above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs：
A kind of austempering ductile iron, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.14-3.86%, Si
2.32-2.76%, Mn 0.32-0.98%, Mg 0.01-0.04%, Cu 0.45-0.67%, Ni 0.51-0.78%, Mo
0.2-0.4%, Cr 0.15-0.35%, Sb 0.005-0.027%, Re 0.025-0.057%, Ce 0.005-0.02%, P
＜ 0.05%, S ＜ 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity.
Preferably, the austempering ductile iron contains the component of following weight percentage：C 3.72%, Si
2.51%th, Mn 0.48%, Mg 0.025%, Cu 0.5%, Ni 0.63%, Mo 0.34%, Cr 0.27%, Sb
0.015%th, Re 0.037%, Ce 0.014%, P ＜ 0.05%, S ＜ 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitably it is miscellaneous
Matter.
The casting method of above-mentioned austempering ductile iron, comprises the following steps：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control molten iron chemical composition and
The weight percentage of each chemical composition；
(2) when molten iron temperature being increased into 1450-1480 DEG C, skim, then sequentially add the desired amount of each component alloy,
The content of each element in iron liquid is adjusted, 1530-1550 DEG C is warming up to and is incubated after 5-10min and tap a blast furnace；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1480-1500 DEG C, molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out
To being continuously added inovulant with later half molten iron during half, stirring is bred, and the addition of the inovulant is iron liquid
The 0.04-0.08% of amount；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the addition of nodulizer is the 1.5-2.5% of iron liquid amount, will
Iron liquid is cooled to 1360-1400 DEG C, starts cast, applies vibrations processing during cast to sand mould, and cast obtains spheroidal graphite after terminating
Cast iron coupon；
(5) 550-580 is cooled to after spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample being warming up into 860-890 DEG C of progress austenitizing, insulation 2-4h
DEG C, then be incubated after 1h, it is air-cooled to room temperature；Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 870-890 DEG C of insulation 2h again, water is then put into rapidly
Short time quenching is carried out in groove, the cool time is 5s, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put into salt bath furnace carries out isothermal hardening, isothermal
Hardening heat is 330-370 DEG C and is incubated 1.5-3h, and the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after isothermal hardening is terminated is with 140-160 DEG C/h's
Speed cooling 2h, then be heated rapidly to 220 DEG C and be incubated 1h, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after insulation is air-cooled to room temperature, you can
To the spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
Preferably, the weight hundred that the inovulant in the step (3) is Al in silicon strontium inovulant, and the silicon strontium inovulant
Content is divided to answer≤0.1%.
Preferably, nodulizer is yttrium-base heavy rare earth composite nodulizer in the step (4).
Preferably, austempering medium in the salt bath furnace in the step (5) is by 55% natrium nitrosum and 45%
Potassium nitrate is constituted.
(3) beneficial effect
The invention provides a kind of austempering ductile iron and its casting method, with advantages below：
(1) weight percentage of C element in the present invention is controlled effectively to be controlled in the range of this in 3.14-3.86%
Graphite number and graphite size processed, and iron liquid can be made to be easier to flowing, increase the mold-filling capacity of iron liquid, reduce shrinkage porosite contracting
Hole, improves the compactness of casting；2.32-2.76% Si can promote graphitization, the effect bred can be played again, to casting
Pour into a mould and have very big benefit from feeding；0.32-0.98% Mn can expand austenitic area, enhance the stabilization of austenite
Property；It is solid-solubilized in matrix and carbide, matrix can be strengthened, improve hardness, improves the quenching degree of matrix；0.2-0.4% Mo
The quenching degree of material can be improved strongly, plus austenite is obstructed to perlitic transformation after molybdenum, and reduce the critical of pearlite
Temperature, carries out isothermal hardening at a lower temperature, can be relatively easy to and obtain ferritic structure；0.15-0.35% Cr can
To improve quenching degree, while being carbide former, in spheroidal graphite cast-iron, it can conduct with carbon generation M3C types carbide
Effective Hard Inclusion Dispersed precipitate improves the hardness and abrasion resistance of material on matrix；0.005-0.02% Ce can increase
The number of graphite nodule, reduces average ball diameter, and effectively suppresses the formation of non-spherical graphite；Re and Sb synergy can be refined
Graphite nodule and the formation that non-spherical graphite can also be suppressed.
(2) had a swollen head using converter replacement is common, nodularization effect can be improved, reduce the usage amount of nodulizer, reduction life
Produce cost.
(4) when pouring into a mould, apply vibrations processing to sand mould, the compactness of material can be improved, improve ADI hardness.
(5) control austenitizing temperature can effectively improve ADI mechanical property, can both obtain single at 860-890 DEG C
Austenite structure, it is possibility to have solubility of the effect reduction carbon in austenite, prevent that the bainite that isothermal transformation is obtained is thick.
(6) residence time is short in water during sample water quenching, and internal temperature is also very high, now carries out in isothermal hardening, sample
The austenite in portion is changed into bainite, while top layer martensite carbide precipitate is changed into tempered martensite so that prepare
ADI while with high rigidity, it is internal that also there is outstanding combination property.
(7) it is 1.5-3h to control isothermal quenching time, can effectively improve ADI hardness, isothermal time is too short, then in organizing
In the presence of a large amount of quenched martensites, a small amount of lower bainite and retained austenite are left behind, isothermal time is long, then has obtained carbide
The upper bainite of precipitation, coarse grains.
Embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
The every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of austempering ductile iron, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.72%, Si 2.51%, Mn
0.48%th, Mg 0.025%, Cu 0.5%, Ni 0.63%, Mo 0.34%, Cr 0.27%, Sb 0.015%, Re
0.037%th, Ce 0.014%, P ＜ 0.05%, S ＜ 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity.
The casting method of above-mentioned austempering ductile iron, comprises the following steps：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control molten iron chemical composition and
The weight percentage of each chemical composition；
(2) when molten iron temperature being increased into 1470 DEG C, skim, then sequentially add the desired amount of each component alloy, adjust
The content of each element in iron liquid, is warming up to 1530 DEG C and is incubated after 8min and tap a blast furnace；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1500 DEG C, molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out to one
When half, the silicon strontium inovulant of Al content≤0.1% is continuously added with later half molten iron, stirring is bred, inovulant
Addition is the 0.08% of iron liquid amount；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the addition of nodulizer is the 1.5% of iron liquid amount, by iron liquid
1380 DEG C are cooled to, starts cast, applies vibrations processing during cast to sand mould, cast obtains spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after terminating；
(5) 560 DEG C are cooled to after spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample being warming up into 890 DEG C of progress austenitizings, insulation 2h, then is incubated 1h
Afterwards, air hollow cold is placed on, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 870 DEG C of insulation 2h, then rapidly spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put
Enter in tank progress short time quenching, the cool time is 5s, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put into salt bath furnace carries out isothermal hardening,
Austempering medium in salt bath furnace is made up of 55% natrium nitrosum and 45% potassium nitrate, and austempering temperature is 360 DEG C
And 1.5-3h is incubated, and the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample cooling after isothermal hardening is terminated, cooling rate is 140-160 DEG C/h, and cool 2h,
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after cooling is heated rapidly to 220 DEG C again and 1h is incubated, by the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample air after insulation
Natural cooling is that can obtain the spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of austempering ductile iron, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.53%, Si 2.76%, Mn
0.67%th, Mg 0.015%, Cu 0.45%, Ni 0.51%, Mo 0.27%, Cr 0.31%, Sb 0.027%, Re
0.057%th, Ce 0.017%, P ＜ 0.05%, S ＜ 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity.
The casting method of above-mentioned austempering ductile iron, comprises the following steps：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control molten iron chemical composition and
The weight percentage of each chemical composition；
(2) when molten iron temperature being increased into 1450 DEG C, skim, then sequentially add the desired amount of each component alloy, adjust
The content of each element in iron liquid, is warming up to 1540 DEG C and is incubated after 10min and tap a blast furnace；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1480 DEG C, molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out to one
When half, the silicon strontium inovulant of Al weight percentage≤0.1% is continuously added with later half molten iron, stirred pregnant
Educate, the addition of inovulant is the 0.06% of iron liquid amount；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the addition of nodulizer is the 2% of iron liquid amount, and iron liquid is dropped
Temperature starts cast to 1360 DEG C, applies vibrations processing during cast to sand mould, and cast obtains spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after terminating；
(5) 550 DEG C are cooled to after spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample being warming up into 880 DEG C of progress austenitizings, insulation 3h, then is incubated 1h
Afterwards, air hollow cold is placed on, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 880 DEG C of insulation 2h, then rapidly spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put
Enter in tank progress short time quenching, the cool time is 5s, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put into salt bath furnace carries out isothermal hardening,
Austempering medium in salt bath furnace is made up of 55% natrium nitrosum and 45% potassium nitrate, and austempering temperature is 350 DEG C
And 2h is incubated, and the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample cooling after isothermal hardening is terminated, cooling rate is 140-160 DEG C/h, and cool 2h, will drop
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after temperature is heated rapidly to 220 DEG C and is incubated 1h again, will be natural in the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample air after insulation
Cooling can obtain the spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of austempering ductile iron, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.14%, Si 2.32%, Mn
0.32%th, Mg 0.03%, Cu 0.67%, Ni 0.78%, Mo 0.2%, Cr 0.35%, Sb 0.005%, Re
0.046%th, Ce 0.005%, P ＜ 0.05%, S ＜ 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity.
The casting method of above-mentioned austempering ductile iron, comprises the following steps：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control molten iron chemical composition and
The weight percentage of each chemical composition；
(2) when molten iron temperature being increased into 1480 DEG C, skim, then sequentially add the desired amount of each component alloy, adjust
The content of each element in iron liquid, is warming up to 1550 DEG C and is incubated after 6min and tap a blast furnace；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1490 DEG C, molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out to one
When half, the silicon strontium inovulant of Al content≤0.1% is continuously added with later half molten iron, stirring is bred, inovulant
Addition is the 0.04% of iron liquid amount；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the addition of nodulizer is the 2.5% of iron liquid amount, by iron liquid
1400 DEG C are cooled to, starts cast, applies vibrations processing during cast to sand mould, cast obtains spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after terminating；
(5) 580 DEG C are cooled to after spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample being warming up into 860 DEG C of progress austenitizings, insulation 4h, then is incubated 1h
Afterwards, air hollow cold is placed on, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 890 DEG C of insulation 2h, then rapidly spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put
Enter in tank progress short time quenching, the cool time is 5s, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put into salt bath furnace carries out isothermal hardening,
Austempering medium in salt bath furnace is made up of 55% natrium nitrosum and 45% potassium nitrate, and austempering temperature is 330 DEG C
And 1.5-3h is incubated, and the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample cooling after isothermal hardening is terminated, cooling rate is 140-160 DEG C/h, and cool 2h,
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after cooling is heated rapidly to 220 DEG C again and 1h is incubated, by the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample air after insulation
Natural cooling is that can obtain the spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of austempering ductile iron, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.86%, Si 2.43%, Mn
0.98%th, Mg 0.01%, Cu 0.61%, Ni 0.7%, Mo 0.4%, Cr 0.15%, Sb 0.023%, Re 0.025%,
Ce 0.02%, P ＜ 0.05%, S ＜ 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity.
The casting method of above-mentioned austempering ductile iron, comprises the following steps：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control molten iron chemical composition and
The weight percentage of each chemical composition；
(2) when molten iron temperature being increased into 1460 DEG C, skim, then sequentially add the desired amount of each component alloy, adjust
The content of each element in iron liquid, is warming up to 1530 DEG C and is incubated after 5min and tap a blast furnace；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1500 DEG C, molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out to one
When half, the silicon strontium inovulant of Al content≤0.1% is continuously added with later half molten iron, stirring is bred, inovulant
Addition is the 0.05% of iron liquid amount；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the addition of nodulizer is the 2.5% of iron liquid amount, by iron liquid
1390 DEG C are cooled to, starts cast, applies vibrations processing during cast to sand mould, cast obtains spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after terminating；
(5) 570 DEG C are cooled to after spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample being warming up into 870 DEG C of progress austenitizings, insulation 2.5h, then is incubated
After 1h, air hollow cold is placed on, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 870 DEG C of insulation 2h, it is then rapid by spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample
Progress short time quenching in tank is put into, the cool time is 5s, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put into progress isothermal in salt bath furnace and quenched
Austempering medium in fire, salt bath furnace is made up of 55% natrium nitrosum and 45% potassium nitrate, and austempering temperature is 370
DEG C and be incubated 3h, spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after isothermal hardening is terminated cooling, cooling rate is 140-160 DEG C/h, and cool 2h, will
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after cooling is heated rapidly to 220 DEG C and is incubated 1h again, by the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample air after insulation from
So cooling can obtain the spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of austempering ductile iron, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.35%, Si 2.6%, Mn
0.53%th, Mg 0.04%, Cu 0.54%, Ni 0.57%, Mo 0.25%, Cr 0.17%, Sb 0.02%, Re 0.04%,
Ce 0.018%, P ＜ 0.05%, S ＜ 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity.
The casting method of above-mentioned austempering ductile iron, comprises the following steps：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control molten iron chemical composition and
The weight percentage of each chemical composition；
(2) when molten iron temperature being increased into 1460 DEG C, skim, then sequentially add the desired amount of each component alloy, adjust
The content of each element in iron liquid, is warming up to 1550 DEG C and is incubated after 7min and tap a blast furnace；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1480 DEG C, molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out to one
When half, the silicon strontium inovulant of Al content≤0.1% is continuously added with later half molten iron, stirring is bred, inovulant
Addition is the 0.08% of iron liquid amount；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the addition of nodulizer is the 1.5% of iron liquid amount, by iron liquid
1380 DEG C are cooled to, starts cast, applies vibrations processing during cast to sand mould, cast obtains spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after terminating；
(5) 560 DEG C are cooled to after spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample being warming up into 890 DEG C of progress austenitizings, insulation 3.5h, then is incubated
After 1h, air hollow cold is placed on, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 870 DEG C of insulation 2h, it is then rapid by spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample
Progress short time quenching in tank is put into, the cool time is 5s, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put into progress isothermal in salt bath furnace and quenched
Austempering medium in fire, salt bath furnace is made up of 55% natrium nitrosum and 45% potassium nitrate, and austempering temperature is 370
DEG C and be incubated 2h, spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after isothermal hardening is terminated cooling, cooling rate is 140-160 DEG C/h, and cool 2h, will
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after cooling is heated rapidly to 220 DEG C and is incubated 1h again, by the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample air after insulation from
So cooling can obtain the spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
Performance detection：
The performance test results for the austempering ductile iron that embodiment 1-5 is prepared from are as shown in table 1：
The performance test of table 1
To sum up, the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages that：The stretching and surrender of austempering ductile iron of the present invention
Intensity is high, and spheroidal graphite is small, and Oxygen potential and hardness are high, it is adaptable to all kinds of mechanical casting.
It should be noted that herein, such as first and second or the like relational terms are used merely to a reality
Body or operation make a distinction with another entity or operation, and not necessarily require or imply these entities or deposited between operating
In any this actual relation or order.Moreover, term " comprising ", "comprising" or its any other variant are intended to
Nonexcludability is included, so that process, method, article or equipment including a series of key elements not only will including those
Element, but also other key elements including being not expressly set out, or also include being this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic key element.In the absence of more restrictions, the key element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
Also there is other identical element in process, method, article or equipment including the key element.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
The present invention is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that：It still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or carries out equivalent to which part technical characteristic；And these modification or
Replace, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of austempering ductile iron, it is characterised in that the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.14-
3.86%th, Si 2.32-2.76%, Mn 0.32-0.98%, Mg 0.01-0.04%, Cu 0.45-0.67%, Ni 0.51-
0.78%th, Mo 0.2-0.4%, Cr 0.15-0.35%, Sb 0.005-0.027%, Re 0.025-0.057%, Ce
0.005-0.02%, P ＜ 0.05%, S ＜ 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity.
2. austempering ductile iron as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the group containing following weight percentage
Point：C 3.72%, Si 2.51%, Mn 0.48%, Mg 0.025%, Cu 0.5%, Ni 0.63%, Mo 0.34%, Cr
0.27%th, Sb 0.015%, Re 0.037%, Ce 0.014%, P ＜ 0.05%, S ＜ 0.01%, remaining be iron and other not
Evitable impurity.
3. the casting method of the austempering ductile iron as any one of claim 1-2, it is characterised in that including with
Lower step：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control the chemical composition and eachization of molten iron
The weight percentage studied point；
(2) when molten iron temperature being increased into 1450-1480 DEG C, skim, then sequentially add the desired amount of each component alloy, adjust
The content of each element in iron liquid, is warming up to 1530-1550 DEG C and is incubated after 5-10min and tap a blast furnace；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1480-1500 DEG C, molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out to one
Inovulant is continuously added with later half molten iron when half, stirring is bred, the addition of the inovulant is iron liquid amount
0.04-0.08%；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the addition of nodulizer is the 1.5-2.5% of iron liquid amount, by iron liquid
1360-1400 DEG C is cooled to, starts cast, applies vibrations processing during cast to sand mould, cast obtains spheroidal graphite cast-iron after terminating
Sample；
(5) 550-580 DEG C is cooled to after spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample being warming up into 860-890 DEG C of progress austenitizing, insulation 2-4h, then
It is incubated after 1h, is air-cooled to room temperature；Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 870-890 DEG C of insulation 2h again, is then put into tank rapidly
Short time quenching is carried out, the cool time is 5s, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put into salt bath furnace carries out isothermal hardening, isothermal hardening
Temperature is 330-370 DEG C and is incubated 1.5-3h, and the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after isothermal hardening is terminated is with 140-160 DEG C/h speed
Cool 2h, then be heated rapidly to 220 DEG C and be incubated 1h, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after insulation is air-cooled into room temperature, you can obtain institute
State spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
4. the casting method of austempering ductile iron as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that in the step (3)
The weight percentage that inovulant is Al in silicon strontium inovulant, and the silicon strontium inovulant answers≤0.1%.
5. the casting method of austempering ductile iron as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that ball in the step (4)
Agent is yttrium-base heavy rare earth composite nodulizer.
6. the casting method of austempering ductile iron as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that in the step (5)
Austempering medium in salt bath furnace is made up of 55% natrium nitrosum and 45% potassium nitrate.
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