CN106947912B - A kind of austempering ductile iron and its casting method - Google Patents
A kind of austempering ductile iron and its casting method Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000005279 austempering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 178
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- MIDOFQRPAXDZET-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Sr] Chemical compound [Si].[Sr] MIDOFQRPAXDZET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical group [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005058 metal casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000020442 loss of weight Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C1/00—Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron
- C21C1/10—Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
- C22C37/08—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium with nickel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of austempering ductile iron and its casting methods, are related to field of metal casting technology, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.14-3.86%,Si 2.32-2.76%,Mn 0.32-0.98%,Mg 0.01-0.04%,Cu 0.45-0.67%,Ni 0.51-0.78%,Mo 0.2-0.4%,Cr 0.15-0.35%,Sb 0.005-0.027%,Re 0.025-0.057%,Ce 0.005-0.02%,P < 0.05%,S < 0.01%,Remaining is iron and other inevitable impurity,Its casting method is to weigh required raw material by weight percentage,Melting,It breeds and is poured with after spheroidising,Casting is obtained through isothermal hardening,The stretching of austempering ductile iron prepared by the present invention and yield strength are high,Spheroidal graphite is small,Oxygen potential and hardness are high,Wear-resisting property is strong,Suitable for all kinds of mechanical casting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of metal casting technology, and in particular to a kind of austempering ductile iron and its casting method.
Background technique
The beginning of the thirties in last century, ESDavenpon and ECBain are in the cooling velocity of Study on Steel and the pass of performance
When being, discovery steel is kept after austenite processing and through certain temperature, obtains the carbon precipitated on acicular ferrite and certain interface
Compound eutectoid structure has good comprehensive performance.This tissue is later known as bainite.It keeps, is formed in lower temperature
The mixture of the carbide precipitated on certain crystal face inside acicular ferrite and cable body becomes lower bainite.It is protected in higher temperature
It holds, the mixture tissue for forming the carbide precipitated around lath columnar ferrite and lath is known as upper bainite, by now to shellfish
There are also other kinds bainite, this heat treatment process is called isothermal hardening, the nodular cast iron warp of certain ingredients for the classification of family name's body
The cast iron materials obtained after isothermal hardening are exactly austempering ductile iron (ADI).
ADI is that recent domestic is paid close attention to and deepen continuously always a kind of very wide new material of application surface of research.Its
It is wear-resisting better than steel with excellent mechanical property, such as high toughness, tensile strength, hardness, fracture toughness, fatigue strength
Property and damping noise reduction performance.With the continuous fierceness that modern industry competes, the material of high-performance and low-cost is exactly pursued mesh
Mark, ADI can be met the requirements well, and be applied in many fields, for example, replacing forged steel and cast steel raw with ADI
Produce auto parts and components, can loss of weight 10-30%, reduce relative cost 15-30%, car noise is greatly lowered from source, and
Energy consumption can be reduced, subtracts light emission discharge, improve driving ratio.
However, the production of ADI all proposes more strict requirements to casting and being heat-treated two aspects.In terms of casting,
Higher Oxygen potential and more reasonable metallographic structure have been asked, in terms of heat treatment, strict control austenitizing, isothermal hardening
Temperature and soaking time.
Summary of the invention
(1) the technical issues of solving
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of austempering ductile iron and its casting methods, so that
The spheroidal graphite cast-iron produced also has very high wearability while having high-intensitive and high tenacity.
(2) technical solution
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs：
A kind of austempering ductile iron, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.14-3.86%, Si
2.32-2.76%, Mn 0.32-0.98%, Mg 0.01-0.04%, Cu 0.45-0.67%, Ni 0.51-0.78%, Mo
0.2-0.4%, Cr 0.15-0.35%, Sb 0.005-0.027%, Re 0.025-0.057%, Ce 0.005-0.02%, P
< 0.05%, S < 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity.
Preferably, the austempering ductile iron contains the component of following weight percentage：C 3.72%, Si
2.51%, Mn 0.48%, Mg 0.025%, Cu 0.5%, Ni 0.63%, Mo 0.34%, Cr 0.27%, Sb
0.015%, Re 0.037%, Ce 0.014%, P < 0.05%, S < 0.01%, remaining for iron and other inevitably it is miscellaneous
Matter.
The casting method of above-mentioned austempering ductile iron, includes the following steps：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control molten iron chemical component and
The weight percentage of each chemical component；
(2) it when molten iron temperature being increased to 1450-1480 DEG C, skims, then sequentially adds the desired amount of each component alloy,
The content for adjusting each element in iron liquid, is warming up to 1530-1550 DEG C and keeps the temperature tapping after 5-10min；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1480-1500 DEG C, molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out
Inovulant is continuously added with later half molten iron when to half, stirring is bred, and the additional amount of the inovulant is iron liquid
The 0.04-0.08% of amount；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the additional amount of nodulizer is the 1.5-2.5% of iron liquid amount, will
Iron liquid is cooled to 1360-1400 DEG C, starts to be poured, and applies vibration processing to sand mould when casting, obtains spheroidal graphite after casting
Cast iron coupon；
(5) spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 860-890 DEG C of progress austenitizing, is cooled to 550-580 after keeping the temperature 2-4h
DEG C, then after keeping the temperature 1h, it is air-cooled to room temperature；Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 870-890 DEG C of heat preservation 2h again, is then put into water rapidly
Short time quenching, cool time 5s are carried out in slot, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put into salt bath furnace and carries out isothermal hardening, isothermal
Hardening heat is 330-370 DEG C and keeps the temperature 1.5-3h, by the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after isothermal hardening with 140-160 DEG C/h's
Speed cooling 2h, then be heated rapidly to 220 DEG C and keep the temperature 1h, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after heat preservation is air-cooled to room temperature, can be obtained
To the spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
Preferably, the inovulant in the step (3) be silicon strontium inoculant, and in the silicon strontium inoculant Al weight hundred
Point content answers≤0.1%.
Preferably, nodulizer is yttrium-base heavy rare earth composite nodulizer in the step (4).
Preferably, austempering medium in the salt bath furnace in the step (5) is by 55% sodium nitrite and 45%
Potassium nitrate composition.
(3) beneficial effect
The present invention provides a kind of austempering ductile iron and its casting methods, have the following advantages that：
(1) weight percentage of C element can be controlled effectively within the scope of this in 3.14-3.86% in the control present invention
Graphite number and graphite size processed, and iron liquid can be made to be easier to flow, increase the mold-filling capacity of iron liquid, reduces shrinkage porosite contracting
The compactness of casting is improved in hole；The Si of 2.32-2.76% can promote to be graphitized, and can play the effect bred, to casting
It is poured and has from feeding very big benefit；The Mn of 0.32-0.98% can expand austenitic area, enhance the stabilization of austenite
Property；It is solid-solubilized in matrix and carbide, matrix can be strengthened, improve hardness, improve the harden ability of matrix；The Mo of 0.2-0.4%
The harden ability that material can be improved strongly, adds austenite after molybdenum to be obstructed to perlitic transformation, and reduces the critical of pearlite
Temperature carries out isothermal hardening at a lower temperature, can be relatively easy to obtain ferritic structure；The Cr of 0.15-0.35% can
It to improve harden ability, while being carbide former, in spheroidal graphite cast-iron, it generates M3C type carbide with carbon and can be used as
Effective Hard Inclusion Dispersed precipitate improves the hardness and wear resistance of material on matrix；The Ce of 0.005-0.02% can increase
The number of graphite nodule reduces average ball diameter, and effectively inhibits the formation of non-spherical graphite；The synergistic effect of Re and Sb can refine
Graphite nodule and the formation that non-spherical graphite can also be inhibited.
(2) it has a swollen head using converter substitution is common, nodularization effect can be improved, reduce the usage amount of nodulizer, reduce life
Produce cost.
(4) when being poured, vibration processing is applied to sand mould, the compactness of material can be improved, improve the hardness of ADI.
(5) control austenitizing temperature can effectively improve the mechanical property of ADI at 860-890 DEG C, both available single
Austenite structure, solubility of the carbon in austenite also can be effectively reduced, the bainite for preventing isothermal transformation from obtaining is coarse.
(6) residence time is short in water when sample water quenching, and internal temperature is also very high, carries out isothermal hardening at this time, in sample
The austenite in portion is changed into bainite, while surface layer martensite carbide precipitate is changed into tempered martensite, so that being prepared
ADI while with high rigidity, it is internal that also there is outstanding comprehensive performance.
(7) control isothermal quenching time is 1.5-3h, can effectively improve the hardness of ADI, and isothermal time is too short, then in tissue
There are a large amount of quenched martensites, leave behind a small amount of lower bainite and retained austenite, and isothermal time is too long, then has obtained carbide
The upper bainite of precipitation, coarse grains.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
Every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention under the premise of creative work.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of austempering ductile iron, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.72%, Si 2.51%, Mn
0.48%, Mg 0.025%, Cu 0.5%, Ni 0.63%, Mo 0.34%, Cr 0.27%, Sb 0.015%, Re
0.037%, Ce 0.014%, P < 0.05%, S < 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity.
The casting method of above-mentioned austempering ductile iron, includes the following steps：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control molten iron chemical component and
The weight percentage of each chemical component；
(2) it when molten iron temperature being increased to 1470 DEG C, skims, then sequentially adds the desired amount of each component alloy, adjust
The content of each element in iron liquid is warming up to 1530 DEG C and keeps the temperature tapping after 8min；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1500 DEG C, and molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out to one
When half, the silicon strontium inoculant of Al content≤0.1% is continuously added with later half molten iron, stirring is bred, inovulant
Additional amount is the 0.08% of iron liquid amount；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the additional amount of nodulizer is the 1.5% of iron liquid amount, by iron liquid
1380 DEG C are cooled to, starts to be poured, vibration processing is applied to sand mould when casting, spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is obtained after casting；
(5) spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 890 DEG C of progress austenitizings, is cooled to 560 DEG C after keeping the temperature 2h, then keep the temperature 1h
Afterwards, it is placed on air hollow cold, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 870 DEG C of heat preservation 2h, then rapidly puts spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample
Enter progress short time quenching, cool time 5s in sink, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample be put into salt bath furnace and carries out isothermal hardening,
Austempering medium in salt bath furnace is made of 55% sodium nitrite and 45% potassium nitrate, and austempering temperature is 360 DEG C
And 1.5-3h is kept the temperature, and the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after isothermal hardening is cooled down, cooling rate is 140-160 DEG C/h, and cool down 2h,
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after cooling is heated rapidly to 220 DEG C again and keeps the temperature 1h, it will be in the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample air after heat preservation
The spheroidal graphite cast-iron can be obtained in natural cooling.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of austempering ductile iron, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.53%, Si 2.76%, Mn
0.67%, Mg 0.015%, Cu 0.45%, Ni 0.51%, Mo 0.27%, Cr 0.31%, Sb 0.027%, Re
0.057%, Ce 0.017%, P < 0.05%, S < 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity.
The casting method of above-mentioned austempering ductile iron, includes the following steps：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control molten iron chemical component and
The weight percentage of each chemical component；
(2) it when molten iron temperature being increased to 1450 DEG C, skims, then sequentially adds the desired amount of each component alloy, adjust
The content of each element in iron liquid is warming up to 1540 DEG C and keeps the temperature tapping after 10min；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1480 DEG C, and molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out to one
When half, the silicon strontium inoculant of weight percentage≤0.1% of Al is continuously added with later half molten iron, is stirred pregnant
It educates, the additional amount of inovulant is the 0.06% of iron liquid amount；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the additional amount of nodulizer is the 2% of iron liquid amount, and iron liquid is dropped
Temperature starts to be poured to 1360 DEG C, applies vibration processing to sand mould when casting, spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is obtained after casting；
(5) spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 880 DEG C of progress austenitizings, is cooled to 550 DEG C after keeping the temperature 3h, then keep the temperature 1h
Afterwards, it is placed on air hollow cold, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 880 DEG C of heat preservation 2h, then rapidly puts spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample
Enter progress short time quenching, cool time 5s in sink, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample be put into salt bath furnace and carries out isothermal hardening,
Austempering medium in salt bath furnace is made of 55% sodium nitrite and 45% potassium nitrate, and austempering temperature is 350 DEG C
And 2h is kept the temperature, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after isothermal hardening is cooled down, cooling rate is 140-160 DEG C/h, and cool down 2h, will be dropped
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after temperature is heated rapidly to 220 DEG C again and keeps the temperature 1h, will be natural in the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample air after heat preservation
The spheroidal graphite cast-iron can be obtained in cooling.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of austempering ductile iron, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.14%, Si 2.32%, Mn
0.32%, Mg 0.03%, Cu 0.67%, Ni 0.78%, Mo 0.2%, Cr 0.35%, Sb 0.005%, Re
0.046%, Ce 0.005%, P < 0.05%, S < 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity.
The casting method of above-mentioned austempering ductile iron, includes the following steps：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control molten iron chemical component and
The weight percentage of each chemical component；
(2) it when molten iron temperature being increased to 1480 DEG C, skims, then sequentially adds the desired amount of each component alloy, adjust
The content of each element in iron liquid is warming up to 1550 DEG C and keeps the temperature tapping after 6min；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1490 DEG C, and molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out to one
When half, the silicon strontium inoculant of Al content≤0.1% is continuously added with later half molten iron, stirring is bred, inovulant
Additional amount is the 0.04% of iron liquid amount；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the additional amount of nodulizer is the 2.5% of iron liquid amount, by iron liquid
1400 DEG C are cooled to, starts to be poured, vibration processing is applied to sand mould when casting, spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is obtained after casting；
(5) spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 860 DEG C of progress austenitizings, is cooled to 580 DEG C after keeping the temperature 4h, then keep the temperature 1h
Afterwards, it is placed on air hollow cold, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 890 DEG C of heat preservation 2h, then rapidly puts spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample
Enter progress short time quenching, cool time 5s in sink, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample be put into salt bath furnace and carries out isothermal hardening,
Austempering medium in salt bath furnace is made of 55% sodium nitrite and 45% potassium nitrate, and austempering temperature is 330 DEG C
And 1.5-3h is kept the temperature, and the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after isothermal hardening is cooled down, cooling rate is 140-160 DEG C/h, and cool down 2h,
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after cooling is heated rapidly to 220 DEG C again and keeps the temperature 1h, it will be in the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample air after heat preservation
The spheroidal graphite cast-iron can be obtained in natural cooling.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of austempering ductile iron, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.86%, Si 2.43%, Mn
0.98%, Mg 0.01%, Cu 0.61%, Ni 0.7%, Mo 0.4%, Cr 0.15%, Sb 0.023%, Re 0.025%,
Ce 0.02%, P < 0.05%, S < 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity.
The casting method of above-mentioned austempering ductile iron, includes the following steps：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control molten iron chemical component and
The weight percentage of each chemical component；
(2) it when molten iron temperature being increased to 1460 DEG C, skims, then sequentially adds the desired amount of each component alloy, adjust
The content of each element in iron liquid is warming up to 1530 DEG C and keeps the temperature tapping after 5min；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1500 DEG C, and molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out to one
When half, the silicon strontium inoculant of Al content≤0.1% is continuously added with later half molten iron, stirring is bred, inovulant
Additional amount is the 0.05% of iron liquid amount；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the additional amount of nodulizer is the 2.5% of iron liquid amount, by iron liquid
1390 DEG C are cooled to, starts to be poured, vibration processing is applied to sand mould when casting, spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is obtained after casting；
(5) spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 870 DEG C of progress austenitizings, is cooled to 570 DEG C after keeping the temperature 2.5h, then keep the temperature
After 1h, it is placed on air hollow cold, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 870 DEG C of heat preservation 2h, then rapidly by spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample
It is put into progress short time quenching in sink, cool time 5s, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put into progress isothermal in salt bath furnace and is quenched
Fire, the austempering medium in salt bath furnace are made of 55% sodium nitrite and 45% potassium nitrate, austempering temperature 370
DEG C and keep the temperature 3h, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after isothermal hardening is cooled down, cooling rate is 140-160 DEG C/h, and cool down 2h, will
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after cooling is heated rapidly to 220 DEG C again and keeps the temperature 1h, by the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample air after heat preservation from
So the spheroidal graphite cast-iron can be obtained in cooling.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of austempering ductile iron, the component containing following weight percentage：C 3.35%, Si 2.6%, Mn
0.53%, Mg 0.04%, Cu 0.54%, Ni 0.57%, Mo 0.25%, Cr 0.17%, Sb 0.02%, Re 0.04%,
Ce 0.018%, P < 0.05%, S < 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity.
The casting method of above-mentioned austempering ductile iron, includes the following steps：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control molten iron chemical component and
The weight percentage of each chemical component；
(2) it when molten iron temperature being increased to 1460 DEG C, skims, then sequentially adds the desired amount of each component alloy, adjust
The content of each element in iron liquid is warming up to 1550 DEG C and keeps the temperature tapping after 7min；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1480 DEG C, and molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out to one
When half, the silicon strontium inoculant of Al content≤0.1% is continuously added with later half molten iron, stirring is bred, inovulant
Additional amount is the 0.08% of iron liquid amount；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the additional amount of nodulizer is the 1.5% of iron liquid amount, by iron liquid
1380 DEG C are cooled to, starts to be poured, vibration processing is applied to sand mould when casting, spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is obtained after casting；
(5) spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 890 DEG C of progress austenitizings, is cooled to 560 DEG C after keeping the temperature 3.5h, then keep the temperature
After 1h, it is placed on air hollow cold, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 870 DEG C of heat preservation 2h, then rapidly by spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample
It is put into progress short time quenching in sink, cool time 5s, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put into progress isothermal in salt bath furnace and is quenched
Fire, the austempering medium in salt bath furnace are made of 55% sodium nitrite and 45% potassium nitrate, austempering temperature 370
DEG C and keep the temperature 2h, the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after isothermal hardening is cooled down, cooling rate is 140-160 DEG C/h, and cool down 2h, will
Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after cooling is heated rapidly to 220 DEG C again and keeps the temperature 1h, by the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample air after heat preservation from
So the spheroidal graphite cast-iron can be obtained in cooling.
Performance detection：
The performance test results for the austempering ductile iron that embodiment 1-4 is prepared are as shown in table 1：
1 performance test of table
To sum up, the embodiment of the present invention has the advantages that：The stretching and surrender of austempering ductile iron of the present invention
Intensity is high, and spheroidal graphite is small, and Oxygen potential and hardness are high, is suitable for all kinds of mechanical casting.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any actual relationship or order or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that
There is also other identical elements in process, method, article or equipment including the element.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
Invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that：It still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these modification or
Replacement, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of austempering ductile iron, which is characterized in that be grouped as by the group of following weight percentage：C 3.14-
3.86%, Si 2.32-2.76%, Mn 0.32-0.98%, Mg0.01-0.04%, Cu 0.45-0.67%, Ni 0.51-
0.78%, Mo 0.2-0.4%, Cr0.15-0.35%, Sb 0.005-0.027%, Re 0.025-0.057%, Ce 0.005-
0.02%, P < 0.05%, S < 0.01%, remaining be iron and other inevitable impurity；
Its casting method, includes the following steps：
(1) steel scrap, ferrosilicon, the pig iron and carburant Hybrid Heating are first fused into molten iron, control the chemical component and eachization of molten iron
The weight percentage studied point；
(2) it when molten iron temperature being increased to 1450-1480 DEG C, skims, then sequentially adds the desired amount of each component alloy, adjust
The content of each element in iron liquid is warming up to 1530-1550 DEG C and keeps the temperature tapping after 5-10min；
(3) control molten iron temperature is laterally disposed by converter at 1480-1500 DEG C, and molten iron is poured in converter, when molten iron goes out to one
Inovulant is continuously added with later half molten iron when half, stirring is bred, and the additional amount of the inovulant is iron liquid amount
0.04-0.08%；
(4) converter is upright, using method spheroidising is poured, the additional amount of nodulizer is the 1.5-2.5% of iron liquid amount, by iron liquid
It is cooled to 1360-1400 DEG C, starts to be poured, vibration processing is applied to sand mould when casting, obtains spheroidal graphite cast-iron after casting
Sample；
(5) spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 860-890 DEG C of progress austenitizing, keeps the temperature and is cooled to 550-580 DEG C after 2-4h, then
After keeping the temperature 1h, it is air-cooled to room temperature；Spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is warming up to 870-890 DEG C of heat preservation 2h again, is then put into sink rapidly
Short time quenching, cool time 5s are carried out, then spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample is put into salt bath furnace and carries out isothermal hardening, isothermal hardening
Temperature is 330-370 DEG C and keeps the temperature 1.5-3h, by the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after isothermal hardening with the speed of 140-160 DEG C/h
Cool down 2h, then is heated rapidly to 220 DEG C and keeps the temperature 1h, and the spheroidal graphite cast-iron sample after heat preservation is air-cooled to room temperature, institute can be obtained
State spheroidal graphite cast-iron.
2. austempering ductile iron as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be grouped by the group of following weight percentage
At：C 3.72%, Si 2.51%, Mn 0.48%, Mg 0.025%, Cu 0.5%, Ni 0.63%, Mo 0.34%, Cr
0.27%, Sb 0.015%, RE 0.037%, Ce 0.014%, P < 0.05%, S < 0.01%, remaining for iron and other not
Evitable impurity.
3. austempering ductile iron as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the inovulant in the step (3) is silicon
Strontium inovulant, and the weight percentage of Al answers≤0.1% in the silicon strontium inoculant.
4. austempering ductile iron as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that nodulizer is yttrium base in the step (4)
Heavy rare earth composite nodulizer.
5. austempering ductile iron as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the salt bath furnace in the step (5)
Austempering medium is made of 55% sodium nitrite and 45% potassium nitrate.
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