CN112453322A - Preparation method of balance shaft bracket casting - Google Patents
Preparation method of balance shaft bracket casting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112453322A CN112453322A CN202011251971.5A CN202011251971A CN112453322A CN 112453322 A CN112453322 A CN 112453322A CN 202011251971 A CN202011251971 A CN 202011251971A CN 112453322 A CN112453322 A CN 112453322A
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- casting
- balance shaft
- core
- box
- intermediate frequency
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/04—Cast-iron alloys containing spheroidal graphite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
A preparation method of a balance shaft bracket casting comprises the following steps: preparing a hot core box mold, preparing an outer mold of a balance shaft bracket, preparing a special sand box, melting molten iron, casting, shakeout and detecting a product. The balance shaft bracket effectively solves the problem of shrinkage cavity in the middle bracket casting of the balance shaft by adjusting the formula of molten iron and arranging the special inner chill inside the shaft hole, has long service life, improves the product quality and improves the production efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of casting, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a balance shaft bracket casting.
Background
The automobile balance shaft assembly is one of important parts of an automobile, the middle support of the balance shaft is applied to the balance shaft assembly, is connected with the balance shaft and a frame and used for bearing the weight of the whole automobile and is connected with the plate spring, the suspension and the thrust rod, so that the vibration is reduced, the torsion and the impact force are borne, the automobile balance shaft assembly is suitable for various working conditions, and the stable performance is ensured. In the casting process of the balance shaft middle support in the prior art, because molten iron components cause serious shrinkage cavities, the strength of the balance shaft middle support is insufficient, and in use, the support bottom plate cracks frequently, so that huge economic loss is caused, and the service life is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a balance shaft bracket casting, and the aim of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a balance shaft bracket casting comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a hot core box mold: a. the bracket core boxes are two sets and three cores. The horn core and the shaft tube core share a set of core box, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved; b. the core making process is carried out on a full-automatic hot core box sand shooting machine, the sand shooting pressure is 0.6MPa, the curing temperature is 220 ℃, the curing time is 170 seconds, and the mold locking force is 1600 KG;
(2) molding and sand shooting: the molding sand shooting is completed on a hot sand shooting machine, the hydraulic mold locking force is 15 tons, the sand shooting pressure is 0.45-0.55MP, the curing temperature is 190-;
(3) preparing a sand box: the inner cavity of the sand box is designed according to the mould, the thickness of the sand coating layer is 6-8mm, the height of the static pressure head is 30mm, and the heat absorption heat content ratio is 40: 1;
(4) and melting the balance shaft support molten iron: heating the molten pig iron in a 720HZ intermediate frequency furnace, taking a spectrum sample in front of the furnace when the temperature in the intermediate frequency furnace rises to 1200-1250 ℃, and supplementing required alloy elements into the intermediate frequency furnace according to the requirements of the material components of the balance shaft support; and when the temperature of the intermediate frequency furnace is continuously raised to 1500-1540 ℃, the raw materials in the intermediate frequency furnace are completely melted and uniformly stirred, and then the temperature is kept for standby.
(5) And casting: and discharging qualified molten iron, performing wire feeding and spheroidizing in a special ladle for spheroidizing, taking a spectrum sample after furnace after spheroidizing is finished, removing spheroidizing slag, then injecting the spheroidized molten iron into a manufactured casting mold for casting, controlling the total casting time within 10 minutes, and casting a single casting test block when the last box is cast. Opening the box for natural air cooling 15 minutes after the molten iron is cast;
(6) and detecting a shakeout product: cooling the castings after unpacking to be below 80 ℃, carrying out online metallographic detection, taking the first, middle and last castings from each furnace for metallographic analysis, transferring the castings to a shot blasting process after the metallographic phase is qualified, and scrapping the unqualified castings.
The middle bracket of the balance shaft comprises, by mass, 3.7-3.8% of C, 2.4-2.6% of Si, 0.3-0.4% of Mn, 0.09-0.14% of Cr, 0.02-0.025% of S, 0.04-0.06% of Mo, 0.4-0.8% of Cu, 0.03-0.035% of an alterant, less than or equal to 0.035% of P, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities.
C is the most basic and important element in cast iron, the graphite number that precipitates can be increased when carbon content is high generally, wherein C content helps graphitization, promotes Mg absorption, and the graphite of nodular cast iron is globular, and compared with grey cast iron, vermicular cast iron, and martensite, the effect of the fracture of the base body by the globular graphite is the minimum, can give full play to the effect of the matrix structure, usually in order to improve the mobility of molten iron, the auxiliary spheroidization effect.
Si belongs to elements for promoting graphitization, the improvement of the Si content is beneficial to improving the activity of C and reducing the dissolution of the C in molten iron, further graphitization is promoted, and when the Si is dissolved in a matrix structure, the effect of solid solution strengthening ferrite can be achieved.
P is also a common harmful impurity element in the nodular cast iron, but can reduce the eutectic transformation temperature of the nodular cast iron to a certain extent and narrow the critical humidity range, thereby improving the wear resistance of the nodular cast iron; however, the content of P needs to be strictly controlled because eutectic P has a low melting point, is usually in a liquid state, and is solidified at the eutectic cell boundary, and the mechanical properties of the nodular cast iron are reduced if the content of P is not strictly controlled.
The Cu element promotes the formation of pearlite, so that the pearlite content in the matrix can be effectively increased; the intercrystalline potential is improved; and simultaneously, the hardenability during normalizing can be improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the balance shaft intermediate bracket provided by the invention has the advantages that the molten iron formula is adjusted, the problem of internal shrinkage cavity of a balance shaft intermediate bracket casting is effectively solved, the service life is long, the product quality is improved, and the production efficiency is improved.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A preparation method of a 1063 balance shaft bracket casting is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparing a hot core box mold: a. the bracket core boxes are two sets and three cores. The horn core and the shaft tube core share a set of core box, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. b. The core making process is carried out on a full-automatic hot core box sand shooting machine. The sand shooting pressure is 0.6MPa, the curing temperature is 220 ℃, and the curing time is 170 seconds. The clamping force is 1600 KG.
(2) And melting the balance shaft support molten iron: heating molten pig iron in a 720HZ intermediate frequency furnace, and adding required alloy materials into the intermediate frequency furnace according to the requirements of the material components of the balance shaft bracket when the temperature in the intermediate frequency furnace rises to 1200 ℃; when the intermediate frequency furnace is continuously heated to 1500 ℃, all the raw materials in the intermediate frequency furnace are melted, and the five major elements of the molten iron are qualified through inspection and then are cast;
(3) and casting:
the molten iron is qualified by inspection and is injected into a cold box die at a certain speed for casting, and the molten iron is naturally cooled in air after being cast;
(4) and detecting a shakeout product: cooling the castings after unpacking to be below 80 ℃, carrying out online metallographic detection, taking the first, middle and last castings from each furnace for metallographic analysis, transferring the castings to a shot blasting process after the metallographic phase is qualified, and scrapping the unqualified castings.
The balance shaft support comprises, by mass, 3.7% of C, 2.4% of Si, 0.3% of Mn, 0.09% of Cr, 0.3% of nickel, 0.02% of sulfur, 0.4% of copper, 0.035% of P, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities.
Metallographic phase: spheroidization is 1-3 grade, pearlite content is 75-85%, cementite is less than 2%, and phosphorus eutectic content is zero.
Mechanical properties: tensile strength is more than 800MPa, yield strength is more than 550MPa, elongation is more than 5%, and hardness is 270-310 HB.
Example 2
A preparation method of a ZQ2 balance shaft bracket casting comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a hot core box mold: a. the bracket core boxes are two sets and three cores. The horn core and the shaft tube core share a set of core box, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. b. The core making process is carried out on a full-automatic hot core box sand shooting machine. The sand shooting pressure is 0.6MPa, the curing temperature is 220 ℃, and the curing time is 170 seconds. The clamping force is 1600 KG.
(2) And melting the balance shaft support molten iron: heating molten pig iron in an 800HZ intermediate frequency furnace, and adding required alloy materials into the intermediate frequency furnace according to the requirements of the material components of the balance shaft bracket when the temperature in the intermediate frequency furnace rises to 1250 ℃; when the intermediate frequency furnace is continuously heated to 1550 ℃, all the raw materials in the intermediate frequency furnace are melted, and the five major elements of the molten iron are tested to be qualified and then are cast;
(3) and casting: the molten iron is qualified by inspection and is injected into a cold box die at a certain speed for casting, and the molten iron is naturally cooled in air after being cast;
(4) and detecting a shakeout product: cooling the castings after unpacking to be below 80 ℃, carrying out online metallographic detection, taking the first, middle and last castings from each furnace for metallographic analysis, transferring the castings to a shot blasting process after the metallographic phase is qualified, and scrapping the unqualified castings.
The balance shaft support comprises, by mass, 3.8% of C, 2.6% of Si, 0.4% of Mn, 0.14% of Cr, 0.4% of nickel, 0.025% of sulfur, 0.8% of copper, 0.035% of P, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities.
Metallographic phase: spheroidization is 1-3 grade, pearlite content is 75-85%, cementite is less than 2%, and phosphorus eutectic content is zero.
Mechanical properties: tensile strength is more than 800MPa, yield strength is more than 550MPa, elongation is more than 5%, and hardness is 270-310 HB.
Example 3
A preparation method of a 0417 balance shaft bracket casting comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a hot core box mold: a. the bracket core boxes are two sets and three cores. The horn core and the shaft tube core share a set of core box, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. b. The core making process is carried out on a full-automatic hot core box sand shooting machine. The sand shooting pressure is 0.6MPa, the curing temperature is 220 ℃, and the curing time is 170 seconds. The clamping force is 1600 KG.
(2) And melting the balance shaft support molten iron: heating molten pig iron in a 500HZ intermediate frequency furnace, and adding required alloy materials into the intermediate frequency furnace according to the requirements of the material components of the balance shaft support when the temperature in the intermediate frequency furnace rises to 1220 ℃; when the intermediate frequency furnace is continuously heated to 1550 ℃, all the raw materials in the intermediate frequency furnace are melted, and the five major elements of the molten iron are tested to be qualified and then are cast;
(3) and casting: the molten iron is qualified by inspection and is injected into a cold box die at a certain speed for casting, and the molten iron is naturally cooled in air after being cast;
(4) and detecting a shakeout product: cooling the castings after unpacking to be below 80 ℃, carrying out online metallographic detection, taking the first, middle and last castings from each furnace for metallographic analysis, transferring the castings to a shot blasting process after the metallographic phase is qualified, and scrapping the unqualified castings.
The balance shaft support comprises, by mass, 3.75% of C, 2.5% of Si, 0.32% of Mn, 0.1% of Cr, 0.35% of nickel, 0.021% of sulfur, 0.5% of copper, 0.035% of P, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities.
The metallographic requirements are as follows: spheroidization is 1-3 grade, pearlite content is 75-85%, cementite is less than 2%, and phosphorus eutectic content is zero.
Mechanical properties: tensile strength is more than 800MPa, yield strength is more than 550MPa, elongation is more than 5%, and hardness is 270-310 HB.
The invention greatly reduces the phenomena of shrinkage porosity and shrinkage cavity of the casting, simultaneously improves the utilization rate of the molten iron, increases the pouring pressure, and has the advantages that the product qualification rate of the balance shaft bracket casting reaches 97-99.2 percent, the utilization rate of the molten iron reaches 85-88 percent, the qualification rate is far better than that of the prior art by 90 percent, and the utilization rate of the molten iron is 75 percent.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the balance shaft bracket casting is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) preparing a hot core box mold: a. the bracket core boxes comprise two sets of core boxes, three cores, and a horn core and a shaft tube core share one set of core box; b. the core making process is carried out on a full-automatic hot core box sand shooting machine, the sand shooting pressure is 0.6MPa, the curing temperature is 220 ℃, the curing time is 170 seconds, and the mold locking force is 1600 KG;
(2) molding and sand shooting: the molding sand shooting is completed on a hot sand shooting machine, the hydraulic mold locking force is 15 tons, the sand shooting pressure is 0.45-0.55MP, the curing temperature is 190-;
(3) preparing a sand box: the inner cavity of the sand box is designed according to the mould, the thickness of the sand coating layer is 6-8mm, the height of the static pressure head is 30mm, and the heat absorption heat content ratio is 40: 1;
(4) melting of balance shaft support molten iron: heating the molten pig iron in a 720HZ intermediate frequency furnace, taking a spectrum sample in front of the furnace when the temperature in the intermediate frequency furnace rises to 1200-1250 ℃, and supplementing required alloy elements into the intermediate frequency furnace according to the requirements of the material components of the balance shaft support; when the temperature of the intermediate frequency furnace is continuously raised to 1500-1540 ℃, the raw materials in the intermediate frequency furnace are completely melted and uniformly stirred, and then the temperature is kept for standby application;
(5) casting: discharging qualified molten iron, performing wire feeding and spheroidizing in a special ladle for spheroidizing, taking a spectrum sample after furnace after spheroidizing is completed, removing spheroidizing slag, then injecting the spheroidized molten iron into a manufactured casting mold for casting, controlling the total casting time within 10 minutes, casting a single casting test block when the last box is cast, and opening the box for natural air cooling 15 minutes after the molten iron is cast;
(6) and (3) detecting a shakeout product: cooling the castings after unpacking to be below 80 ℃, carrying out online metallographic detection, taking the first, middle and last castings from each furnace for metallographic analysis, transferring the castings to a shot blasting process after the metallographic phase is qualified, and scrapping the unqualified castings.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the balance shaft bracket comprises, in terms of mass%, 3.7-3.8% of C, 2.4-2.6% of Si, 0.3-0.4% of Mn, 0.09-0.14% of Cr, 0.3-0.4% of Ni, 0.02-0.025% of S, 0.4-0.8% of Cu, 0.035% or less of P, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011251971.5A CN112453322A (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Preparation method of balance shaft bracket casting |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011251971.5A CN112453322A (en) | 2020-11-11 | 2020-11-11 | Preparation method of balance shaft bracket casting |
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| CN112453322A true CN112453322A (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117385268A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-01-12 | 河北金光汽车配件有限公司 | As-cast spheroidal graphite cast iron and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN117385268A (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-01-12 | 河北金光汽车配件有限公司 | As-cast spheroidal graphite cast iron and preparation method thereof |
| CN117385268B (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-03-22 | 河北金光汽车配件有限公司 | As-cast spheroidal graphite cast iron and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210309 |