CN105880473A - Method for producing truck suspension support through sand-lined iron mold casting - Google Patents
Method for producing truck suspension support through sand-lined iron mold casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN105880473A CN105880473A CN201610310800.2A CN201610310800A CN105880473A CN 105880473 A CN105880473 A CN 105880473A CN 201610310800 A CN201610310800 A CN 201610310800A CN 105880473 A CN105880473 A CN 105880473A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/06—Permanent moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/068—Semi-permanent moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
- B22C9/108—Installation of cores
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing a truck suspension support through sand-lined iron mold casting. An iron mold is adopted as an outer sand box, precoated sand is resin sand, an inner cavity of the iron mold is manufactured in a mold-following mode according to the shape of the truck suspension support, and the thickness of a mold-following sand lining layer is 10mm-30mm. A pouring system comprises a pouring cup, a sprue, a runner gate and a filter net, and the closed type sprue and runner gate are adopted. A jet hole in the highest position and core heads on the periphery of the jet hole of an upper half mold are provided with air hole needles which do not penetrate out of a box face. Exhaust slots are evenly distributed on the mold joint of the iron mold. The middle of an upper mold bottom plate and the middle of a lower mold bottom plate of an outer mold are each provided with a heating device. Both the mold temperature and the iron mold temperature are controlled to range from 180 DEG C to 240 DEG C, and sand shooting is performed after the temperature is reached. Core installation, box closing, pouring and box opening are sequentially carried out after a sand core is manufactured. By means of the method, subsurface porosity and structure looseness can be eliminated, overall mechanical performance can be improved, the structure is compact and has no crack, the technological yield is high, comprehensive performance is high, the sand using amount is small, equipment investment is low, the production period is short, equipment occupied area is small, production efficiency is high, the manufacturing cost is low, and environmental protection is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to truck suspension support casting technology field, the particularly method of Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting truck suspension support.
Background technology
Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting is the molding sand (also known as precoated sand) being covered with thin layer around metal mold (also known as swage) inner chamber
A kind of casting technique.It is permanent mold casting and the combination of two kinds of methods of shell moulded casting.The foundry goods obtained has dimensional accuracy
The advantages such as height, good mechanical property, saving is artificial, material and facility, production cost are low.
Abroad, the state such as Germany, the former Soviet Union is applied to Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting to produce in starting around the sixties already, mainly uses
Foundry goods is planted in producing spherulitic iron crankshaft, brake hubs, brake disc, cylinder sleeve, bomb case, tank track and motor base etc. more than 30.
At home, the applied research overwhelming majority of Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting technique is all used in the production of bent axle or spheroidal graphite cast-iron.Closely
In the past few years, existing nearly various schools of thinkers enterprise applies Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting technique, the part of production in addition to spherulitic iron crankshaft, also automobile
Camshaft, balance axle, pressure valve body, cylinder sleeve, wear-resisting fluted disc etc. more than 30 plants foundry goods, and uses Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting technique to produce
Automobile engine suspension strut or blank.
Truck both domestic and external part manufacturer, is all to use high-pressure casting or Pressure casting method to produce electromotor truck suspension
Support.This technique commonly uses in bigger automobile engine factory, although the most more stable in quality, but
Belonging to sand casting, need for coal dust when moulding, sand using amount is very big, and production environment is improved the most completely；The most also
Need to be equipped with the equipment such as sand preparing system, material storehouse, molding sand conveying, dedusting, equipment investment is big, and cost is high, shared face
Long-pending also big, and working environment is poor, is unfavorable for Foundry Production environmental protection, and such as iron bearing cover, the trade mark is QT600-3, uses
Green-sand technique produces pearlite and typically only has 40-50, and nodulizing grade is typically at 3 grades, and organization department is thick simultaneously also with shrinkage porosite,
To service life in later stage, security performance causes extreme influence.Now under automobile industry keen competition, each auto vendor produces
Truck suspension support requires more and more higher, and multiple performance index request meets or exceeds national standard, such as, require to solve tissue contracting
Pine phenomenon i.e. belongs to problems.Owing to using conventional sand casting cannot solve the problem organizing shrinkage porosite of cast iron itself at all,
Must separately find a way out.The inventive method uses the company advanced technology can be most in the as-cast ball iron body tensile strength of cast
Reach required trade mark QT550-10, be also the domestic the first Iron Mould Coated Sand cast truck suspension support of wound, it is possible to eliminate subcutaneous
Pore and tissue looseness's problem, improve foundry goods overall mechanical properties, and dense structure is flawless.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one can eliminate subcutaneous blowhole and tissue looseness, improves overall mechanical properties,
Dense structure is flawless, and product yield is high, and combination property is high, and sand using amount is few, and equipment investment is few, with short production cycle, equipment
Area occupied is few, and production efficiency is high, low cost of manufacture, the method for the Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting truck suspension support of environmental protection.
The present invention is with the following technical scheme above-mentioned technical problem of solution:
The method of Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting truck suspension support, processing step is as follows:
(1) moulding
Outer sandbox uses swage, and precoated sand is resin sand, and the inner chamber of swage is made with type by the shape of truck suspension support, with type
Covering sand layer thickness is 10mm-30mm；Running gate system comprises cup, down gate, runner gate and filter screen, uses closed cast gate；
The sprue of upper mold section, rising head are suitably increased according to part height to increase pressure feeding；Divide equally in the middle of the upper and lower mould base plate of external mold
It is not provided with heater, mold temperature and swage temperature all to control, at 180-240 DEG C, after reaching said temperature, to penetrate sand；
(2) core
Core uses precoated sand hot box molding, is with moulding difference: the cavity forming back-up sand part during moulding is by swage sand
Case and exterior mold are combined formation, and core to be two halves be all mould with together with form the die cavity of back-up sand part；But it is actual
Principle is the same, is all, by heat, precoated sand fast setting forms required external form apperance or core apperance.Core solidifies
Only need to repair after the demoulding out and remove batch cutting edge of a knife or a sword or nozzle can use.
(3) cored
Use artificial cored or with fixed cored station clamp cored or robot cored；Lower half is blown clean, dress before cored
During core, appropriate viscose glue is put by viscous steady for mud core in external form in core print face, prevents from mud core from dropping or meet molten iron floating.
(4) mould assembling
Close whether drainage screen in pre mud core, running gate system is installed completely；Upper half model blows off mould assembling after loose sand, buckles case
Button；Cup uses straight-flushing funnel cup, puts appropriate viscose glue at cup osculum edge during installation, play viscous steady, put leakage ferrum
Water effect；
(5) cast
Being the molten iron casting of HT250 with the trade mark, pouring temperature controls at 1420-1440 DEG C, and the duration of pouring of 1 set/type is
9.5-10.5s；
(6) unpack
Pour into a mould button of unpacking latter 25 minutes；Casting solidification falls after 30 minutes case, is cooled to room temperature.
The molten iron flow channel of described running gate system is to down gate to runner gate by cup, then by runner gate by drainage screen post-equalization
Assign to two points of runner gatees, then be respectively divided into two ingates to foundry goods by two points of runner gatees.
The ratio of described running gate system each cast gate total cross section is: in ∑ divides straight ∑ to divide horizontal ∑ to divide=and 1 (0.75-0.78)
(0.68-0.72)；Drainage screen uses the straight-bore ceramic filter screen that suspension strut is special.
Upper mold section highest point perforation position is equipped with external diameter Φ 8mm air orifice needle, and upper mold section core print all around is equipped with external diameter Φ 10mm pore
Pin.
Described sand air pressure of penetrating is 0.20-0.40Mpa, and hardening time is 50-60S.
Before described mould assembling, sandbox corner pads the pad that 0.3-0.4mm is thick respectively.
The button case power of described mould assembling is 80-85N.M.
The molten iron trade mark used is QT550-10, and its chemical composition and mass ratio thereof be:
C:3.6～3.9% Si:1.9～2.4% Mn:0.25～0.6% Cu:0.2～0.7% P≤0.04%
S≤0.03%.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
The inventive method utilizes swage to increase molten iron rate of cooling in casting process, thinning microstructure, improves truck suspension and props up
Frame dense structure's property in the case of cooling meat inequality.Under the composition of equal melt iron, use Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting technique
Produce suspension strut and can obtain higher tensile strength, hardness and more preferable graphite form and graphite size than sand casting process
Rank, stabilizing pearlite is more than 95%.The most important thing is the Shrinkage cavity problem that conventional truck suspension support sand casting occurs
Can effectively be solved.
The method using the present invention, yield rate reaches more than 83.75%, does and covers sand because swage employs moisture free resin sand and make
Shaped material, thus eliminate subcutaneous blowhole defect；Quickly cooled down during molten steel solidification, essentially eliminate truck suspension and prop up
Tissue shrinkage porosite that frame often has, the defect such as loose, solve truck suspension support slight crack problem under pressure operating environments, improve
The overall mechanical properties of foundry goods, meets or exceedes the property indices of current truck suspension support production requirement；Decrease sand
Equipment, place input and the Foundry quartz sand amount that processing system is huge；Improving casting adverse circumstances for a long time, the feature of environmental protection is good.
Whole technological process is simple, and quality is easily controlled, and the production cost of product produces low 30～50% than sand casting process, and suitable
For the important complex partses such as all kinds automobile/truck suspension support, cylinder cover and exhaustor production and multiple require high-quality
Other part of amount produces.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be the suspension strut upper mold section of the present invention face structural representation；
Fig. 2 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1；
In Fig. 1-2: 1, the first rising head, 2, sprue, the 3, second rising head, the 4, the 3rd rising head, 5, spring perch, 6,
First cross gate, 7, sample, 8, end cap, the 9, second cross gate, 10, suspension strut.
Fig. 3 be the suspension strut female die of the present invention face structural representation；
Fig. 4 is the plan structure schematic diagram of Fig. 3；
In Fig. 3-4,1, spring perch, 2, down gate whirlpool, 3, suspension strut, 4, test block, 5, hole, location, 6, the
Three cross gates, the 7, the 4th cross gate, 8, sample, 9, end cap.
Detailed description of the invention
The method of Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting truck suspension support of the present invention, moulding uses special ZXTF-Z-1350*740 moulding main frame
Automatic production line.According to swage specification requirement, truck suspension bracket mould design arrangement is " 1/type+other parts "
Pattern, point upper and lower mould.As shown in Figure 1-2, upper mold section is disposed with the first rising head 1, sprue the 2, second rising head the 3, the 3rd emits
Mouth 4, spring perch the 5, first cross gate 6, sample 7, end cap the 8, second cross gate 9 and suspension strut 10.Such as Fig. 3-4
Shown in, female die is disposed with spring perch 1, down gate whirlpool 2, suspension strut 3, test block 4, hole the 5, the 3rd is horizontal waters in location
Road the 6, the 4th cross gate 7, sample 8 and end cap 9.
This moulding main frame capacity rating is 15 types/h, and two moulding main frames are then 30 types/h.Sandbox is metal mold, and inner chamber is
According to the shape of truck suspension support, leave and cover sand layer thickness and make with type, external mold baffle plate is arranged below heater, mould
The tool general thermostatic control of temperature is at 180-240 DEG C.Swage temperature is typically controlled at about 180-240 DEG C.Moulding uses precoated sand, when
After mould and swage temperature reach the temperature set, around swage inner chamber, it is covered with the molding sand of thin layer.
The precoated sand used due to Iron Mould Coated Sand technique is flowing dry type, without moisture, after penetrating sand Surface hardened layer, its table
Face fineness is fine, need not coat, and static pressure sand casting process is to belong to wet type (tidal stencils) casting, and its surface needs upper painting
The fineness of material guarantee foundry goods.Therefore Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting technique can saving color cost in a large number.
To produce as a example by willow vapour truck suspension support, when using Pressure casting production technology, Foundry quartz sand amount separate unit be 275kg with
On, and with when using the inventive method to produce truck suspension support (1/type mixed type), casting and molding single-piece makes sand using amount only
Need about 25-20kg；If current calculation of price cost, produce 80000 light chisel sand using amounts per year and can save more than 100,000 yuan.
And the Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting production line of above-mentioned scale reduces investment 15,000,000 yuan than domestic Pressure casting production line, cast than import static pressure
Make production line and reduce investment more than 40,000,000 yuan.
Concrete technology step is as follows:
1. moulding
Outer sandbox uses swage, makes external form and uses precoated sand, is designed according to 1 set/type combination collocation, and the inner chamber of swage is
Making with type according to the shape of truck suspension support, covering sand layer thickness with type during trial-production is 10mm, because of more complicated outside this part,
The layer of sand that covers of some part is about 10-30mm, and foundry goods thermal center relatively large part is 8mm.Running gate system be by cup to
Down gate is to runner gate, then is assigned to two ingates to foundry goods by runner gate by filter screen post-equalization；Running gate system uses closed
Cast gate, the ratio of its each cast gate total cross section is: in ∑ divides straight ∑ to divide horizontal ∑ to divide=1 (0.75-0.78) (0.68-0.72)；
Filter screen uses the straight-bore ceramic filter screen that suspension strut is special.Upper mold section highest point perforation is equipped with external diameter Φ 8mm air orifice needle, upper mold section
All around core print is equipped with external diameter Φ 10mm air orifice needle, and does not the most pass case face.All it is respectively equipped with in the middle of the upper and lower mould base plate of external mold and adds
Thermal, mold temperature and swage temperature all control at 180-240 DEG C；Carry out penetrating sand after temperature reaches technological requirement, penetrate sand
Air pressure is 0.20-0.40Mpa, and hardening time is 50-60S, penetrates the layer of sand color of covering after sand and controls in sepia as far as possible.Continuously
During production, the swage after cast just can be circulated use when reaching temperature requirements after having to pass through water-cooled.
2. core
Core is the hot core core sand using hot box mould to produce truck suspension support, and technological parameter is as moulding, in mould
Chamber shape forms with mud core shape.Hot box mould temperature general control is at 180-240 DEG C, and after penetrating sand, solidification can be opened for 2-3 minute
Mould ejects mud core and takes out.
3. cored
In the case of batch production, carry out cored with fixed cored station clamp or people, accurate positioning, convenient and reliable；Otherwise
Core under artificial cored, simple cored suspension bracket can be used.
4. mould assembling
Sealing strip was used to push down core print, core print venthole position and mud core sprue respectively, watering of mud core print before mould assembling
Injection system loads onto drainage screen, and circulates to closing machine, and sandbox corner is lined with 0.3-0.4mm hassock sheet；Upper half model blows off scattered
Sand, carries out mould assembling；Advancing cast raceway, buckle box fastener, button case power is at 80-85N.M；Cup uses straight-flushing funnel cup,
It is installed to during swage use sealing strip；
5. cast
Molten iron used, the trade mark is QT550-10, and its chemical composition and mass ratio thereof be:
C:3.6～3.9% Si:1.9～2.4% Mn:0.25～0.6% Cu:0.2～0.7% P≤0.04%
S≤0.03%
Pouring temperature controls between 1420-1440 DEG C, and the duration of pouring is between 9.5-10.5s；Treat that cup molten iron becomes to stick with paste
Cup is interrupted during shape；
6. unpack
Pour into a mould button of unpacking latter 25 minutes；Fell during 30 minutes casting solidification time case, and the foundry goods after the case that falls is kermesinus, then certainly
So it is cooled to room temperature.
Assay
Foundry goods is after cleaning ball blast, and without heat treatment, it is as follows that the dissection foundry goods detection of direct as cast condition obtains result:
1) each position metallographic structure of truck suspension support and hardness situation are as follows:
| Inspection position | Shaft sleeve part | Both sides installing plate | |
| Hardness HB | 266 | 270 | |
| Elongation percentage | 10.5% | 11.2% | |
| Tensile strength | 580MPa | 595MPa | |
| Impact flexibility | 60J/㎝2 | 55J/㎝2 | |
| Graphite size (level) | 2～3 | 2～3 | |
| Pearlite (%) | 95 | 95 |
2) mechanical performance
Coupon samples, and its result tensile strength is 587Mpa；Hardness is HB268；Elongation percentage 9.8%；Graphite size is 2～3
Level；Pearlite 95%.
The truck suspension support of the inventive method casting, can reduce under conditions of meeting performance requirement or need not add alloy,
As Cu alloy can be reduced to 0.2～0.3% by original 0.7～0.8%；Ensureing that truck suspension rack body hardness meets
Under requirement, can be not added with ferrochrome completely, ferromanganese also can reduce.
Truck suspension support, than sand casting body, bulk mechanical performance requires that the trade mark to exceed a more than trade mark.
By the method for the present invention, it is possible not only to produce vermicular cast iron or casting pig truck suspension support, cylinder cap, exhaustor contour
The automobile important spare part of quality, it is also possible to for such as aviation, rail vehicles, farm machinery, building machinery and military project etc.
Machine-building etc. the part production being subjected to high intensity, high tenacity, high compactness, high abrasion.
Claims (8)
1. the method for Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting truck suspension support, is characterized in that, processing step is as follows:
(1) moulding
Outer sandbox uses swage, and precoated sand is resin sand, and the inner chamber of swage is made with type by the shape of truck suspension support, with type
Covering sand layer thickness is 10mm-30mm；Running gate system comprises cup, down gate, runner gate and filter screen, uses closed cast gate；
The sprue of upper mold section, rising head are suitably increased according to part height to increase pressure feeding；Divide equally in the middle of the upper and lower mould base plate of external mold
It is not provided with heater, mold temperature and swage temperature all to control, at 180-240 DEG C, after reaching said temperature, to penetrate sand；
(2) core
Core uses precoated sand hot box molding, is with moulding difference: the cavity forming back-up sand part during moulding is by swage sand
Case and exterior mold are combined formation, and core to be two halves be all mould with together with form the die cavity of back-up sand part；But it is actual
Principle is the same, is all, by heat, precoated sand fast setting forms required external form apperance or core apperance.Core solidifies
Only need to repair after the demoulding out and remove batch cutting edge of a knife or a sword or nozzle can use.
(3) cored
Use artificial cored or with fixed cored station clamp cored or robot cored；Lower half is blown clean, dress before cored
During core, appropriate viscose glue is put by viscous steady for mud core in external form in core print face, prevents from mud core from dropping or meet molten iron floating.
(4) mould assembling
Close whether drainage screen in pre mud core, running gate system is installed completely；Upper half model blows off mould assembling after loose sand, buckles case
Button；Cup uses straight-flushing funnel cup, puts appropriate viscose glue at cup osculum edge during installation, play viscous steady, put leakage ferrum
Water effect；
(5) cast
Being the molten iron casting of HT250 with the trade mark, pouring temperature controls at 1420-1440 DEG C, and the duration of pouring of 1 set/type is
9.5-10.5s；
(6) unpack
Pour into a mould button of unpacking latter 25 minutes；Casting solidification falls after 30 minutes case, is cooled to room temperature.
2. the method for Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting truck suspension support as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described running gate system
Molten iron flow channel is to down gate to runner gate by cup, then is assigned to two points of runner gatees by runner gate by drainage screen post-equalization,
It is respectively divided into two ingates to foundry goods again by two points of runner gatees.
3. the method for Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting truck suspension support as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described running gate system is each
The ratio of cast gate total cross section is: in ∑ divides straight ∑ to divide horizontal ∑ to divide=and 1 (0.75-0.78) (0.68-0.72)；Drainage screen is adopted
With the special straight-bore ceramic filter screen of suspension strut.
4. the method for Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting truck suspension support as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, upper mold section highest point is penetrated
Position, hole is equipped with external diameter Φ 8mm air orifice needle, and upper mold section core print all around is equipped with external diameter Φ 10mm air orifice needle.
5. the method for Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting truck suspension support as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described in penetrate sand air pressure and be
0.20-0.40Mpa, hardening time is 50-60S.
6. the method for Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting truck suspension support as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, sandbox before described mould assembling
Corner pads the pad that 0.3-0.4mm is thick respectively.
7. the method for Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting truck suspension support as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the button case of described mould assembling
Power is 80-85N.M.
8. the method for Sand-Faced Metal Mould Casting truck suspension support as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the molten iron trade mark used is
QT550-10, its chemical composition and mass ratio thereof be:
C:3.6～3.9% Si:1.9～2.4% Mn:0.25～0.6% Cu:0.2～0.7% P≤0.04%
S≤0.03%.
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| CN113084090A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-09 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Method for prolonging service life of iron mold sand box in iron mold sand-lined casting process |
| CN114850403A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-05 | 河南省金太阳精密铸业股份有限公司 | Casting process and casting tool for producing machine tool workbench |
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| CN108555245A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-21 | 上柴动力海安有限公司 | A kind of film covered sand core production technology preparing 9DF cylinder head upper interlayers |
| CN108941460A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-12-07 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | A kind of preparation method of high-performance aluminium alloy casting composite mould, the preparation method and high thermal conductivity sand core of covering sand metal outer mold |
| CN113231602A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2021-08-10 | 中国兵器工业第五九研究所 | High-performance composite casting mold for aluminum alloy casting |
| CN110947904A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-03 | 山东联诚精密制造股份有限公司 | Preparation method of steering gear shell of commercial vehicle |
| CN110947904B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-07-27 | 山东联诚精密制造股份有限公司 | Preparation method of steering gear shell of commercial vehicle |
| CN111618245A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-09-04 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Cylinder cover casting process with sand box limited in size condition |
| CN112453322A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-03-09 | 河北金光汽车配件有限公司 | Preparation method of balance shaft bracket casting |
| CN113084090A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-09 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Method for prolonging service life of iron mold sand box in iron mold sand-lined casting process |
| CN114850403A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-08-05 | 河南省金太阳精密铸业股份有限公司 | Casting process and casting tool for producing machine tool workbench |
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Application publication date: 20160824 |