CN114247726A - Comprehensive treatment method and system for household garbage - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment method and system for household garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN114247726A CN114247726A CN202111515965.0A CN202111515965A CN114247726A CN 114247726 A CN114247726 A CN 114247726A CN 202111515965 A CN202111515965 A CN 202111515965A CN 114247726 A CN114247726 A CN 114247726A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B15/00—Combinations of apparatus for separating solids from solids by dry methods applicable to bulk material, e.g. loose articles fit to be handled like bulk material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
- B07C2501/0054—Sorting of waste or refuse
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive household garbage treatment method, which comprises the steps of pretreating collected garbage, conveying the garbage into a disc-shaped screen for screening, a star-disc screen, a photoelectric separator and an intelligent screening part for screening, conveying the sorted residual materials into a pyrolysis furnace for decomposition, and the comprehensive household garbage treatment system for the comprehensive household garbage treatment method comprises a feeding part, a primary screening part, an intelligent screening part and the pyrolysis furnace, wherein the feeding part comprises a coarse crusher and a distributing machine, an outlet of the distributing machine is communicated with an inlet of the coarse crusher, the primary screening part preliminarily screens the garbage, the intelligent screening part can identify and sort out different types of garbage, and the pyrolysis furnace thermally decomposes the garbage which cannot be recycled Rural areas and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of domestic garbage recovery, in particular to a domestic garbage comprehensive treatment method and a domestic garbage comprehensive treatment system.
Background
According to statistics, the clean volume of domestic garbage in cities in the country in 2020 reaches 2.35 hundred million tons, so a large amount of domestic garbage must be properly disposed, otherwise, the environment is polluted, the resource waste is caused, and at present, most of domestic garbage treatment processes comprise the following steps: 1. the sanitary landfill method is characterized in that solid waste is filled to a certain thickness in a selected proper place, and then covered with soil, so that the solid waste is stable through physical, chemical and biological effects for a long time, and the sanitary landfill method has the advantages of large treatment capacity, wide application range and no influence of garbage component change; the device is not influenced by weather conditions and can be operated in all weather; the method has the advantages of no need of pretreatment on the garbage, relatively low treatment cost and the like, is a domestic garbage disposal method suitable for regions with laggard economic development and rich land resources, and has the defect of occupying a large amount of land during landfill operation; the reduction and the resource degree of the garbage are limited; the components of the leachate are complex and various, and the on-site treatment and standard discharge are difficult. 2. Composting, which is a process of converting biodegradable organic wastes in garbage into humus-like substances of good stability under artificially controlled conditions by the action of microorganisms widely distributed in nature. The method has the advantages that the method realizes the reclamation of the garbage and is beneficial to the virtuous cycle of the whole ecological system; compost sale can generate certain economic benefits, and the reduction of the garbage treatment cost is facilitated; the method has the disadvantages that the pretreatment requirement on the garbage is high, the garbage compost is greatly influenced by market conditions, if farmers do not want to use the compost, the marketing problem of the compost cannot be solved, and the compost production is difficult to maintain; the rest of the residues need to be finally disposed by adopting a sanitary landfill method; because the coal ash contains heavy metal substances such as mercury, chromium, zinc and the like, if the amount of the coal ash in the garbage is large, a large amount of heavy metals can enter the compost, and further secondary pollution to the soil is caused. 3. The incineration method is a high-temperature treatment technology, organic waste and air in an incinerator are subjected to oxidation combustion reaction, and toxic and harmful substances in the garbage are oxidized at high temperature and are damaged. The method has the advantages that the method can be operated in all weather, and is not influenced by weather; the volume reduction is large, and a large amount of land for landfill is saved; in the burning process, the pathogen is thoroughly eliminated, and the harmless degree is high; the treatment process is simple, the occupied area is small, the pollution of the tail gas is small after purification, the factory can be built in a city area, and the transportation cost is saved; part of heat energy can be recovered in the incineration treatment process. The disadvantages are large capital investment and high operation cost; the low calorific value of the treated garbage has certain requirements, and the operation cost is further increased; secondary pollution caused by burning is serious, particularly, toxic substances such as dioxin and the like generated by incomplete combustion of household garbage are trace, and the smoke must be strictly treated because the toxic substances can cause stubborn diseases such as cancer, deformity and the like after being taken by a human body for a long time. 4. The comprehensive treatment method of the domestic garbage comprises the steps of sorting the domestic garbage, recycling the recyclable garbage, performing biological composting on the organic garbage in the domestic garbage, and finally directly burning the residual useless garbage. The advantage is that can fully excavate out the value in the rubbish, improves rubbish resource utilization degree. The disadvantages that the heavy metal content of the biological compost exceeds the standard directly because the domestic garbage is not classified, and the biological compost cannot be used for agriculture; the residual garbage is directly incinerated, so that the waste heat is not utilized, and the untreated incineration flue gas can pollute and destroy the atmospheric environment. Although the domestic garbage treatment methods are effective methods verified by long-term practice, most of the domestic garbage treatment methods are designed for cities with high concentration ratio and are not suitable for places with backward economic conditions and high resident dispersion degree in rural areas, such as incineration treatment technologies, although the requirements on the site size are not high, the requirements on treatment means are high, certain economic conditions and treatment capacity are required to be locally provided, the economic conditions in the rural areas obviously cannot be adapted, and like sanitary landfill, the rural areas have wide land which can be used for garbage landfill, and then the dispersion degree of residents is high, so that the centralized garbage transportation cost is too high, and the method is also not suitable for rural environments.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to: the comprehensive treatment method and the comprehensive treatment system for the household garbage are suitable for rural environments and can effectively treat the household garbage generated in rural areas.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive treatment method of household garbage comprises the following steps:
s1, garbage pretreatment: breaking bags, deodorizing and disinfecting the collected garbage, then crushing and scattering the garbage by a rough crusher and a distributing machine, and manually screening out large non-combustible materials and large combustible materials;
s2, primary screening: feeding garbage into a dish-shaped sieve for sieving, sieving undersize materials screened by the dish-shaped sieve by a star-disk sieve, feeding undersize materials screened by the star-disk sieve into a pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, winnowing oversize materials screened by the star-disk sieve by a winnowing machine, feeding heavy materials into the pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis, screening light materials to obtain plastics by photoelectric separation, feeding residual materials subjected to photoelectric separation into the pyrolysis furnace for decomposition, and screening oversize materials screened by the dish-shaped sieve by air separation to obtain heavy materials and light materials;
s3, intelligent screening: the heavy materials and the light materials obtained in the preliminary screening step are respectively sent into an intelligent screening device for screening, the intelligent screening device is provided with a mechanical arm and an identification module, the identification module can identify recyclable resources such as paper, textile fabrics, glass, rubber, brick and tile stones and the like in the materials, the recyclable resources are sorted out through the mechanical arm, and the residual materials after sorting are sent into a pyrolysis furnace for decomposition.
Further, the method also comprises the step of S4: and (4) feeding the material screened by the disk-shaped screen into a magnetic separator, and screening ferrous metal.
Further, the method also comprises the step of S5: and (4) conveying the remainder screened by the magnetic separator in the step (S4) to an eddy current separator to screen the nonferrous metal.
Further, the garbage in the S1 is fed into the distributing machine through the plate feeder, and large interfering substances and harmful garbage in the garbage are screened out manually before being fed.
The household garbage comprehensive treatment system comprises a feeding part, a primary screening part, an intelligent screening part and a pyrolysis furnace, wherein the feeding part comprises a coarse crushing machine and a distributing machine, an outlet of the distributing machine is communicated with an inlet of the coarse crushing machine, the primary screening part comprises a disk-shaped sieve, an inlet of the disk-shaped sieve is communicated with an outlet of the coarse crushing machine, the intelligent screening part comprises a conveying belt, a mechanical arm, an identification module, a processor and a moving part, the moving part is connected with the conveying belt, the mechanical arm is connected with the moving part, the moving part is used for moving the mechanical arm, the identification module is electrically connected with the processor and used for identifying materials on the conveying belt, the mechanical arm is electrically connected with the processor, and the mechanical arm comprises a mounting seat, a mounting seat and a guide rail, a guide rail and a guide rail are arranged on the mounting seat, The screw rod is rotatably connected with the mounting seat, the grippers are arranged around the circumference of the screw rod, the top ends of the grippers are hinged with the mounting seat, the threaded sleeves are in threaded connection with the screw rod, each gripper is connected with the threaded sleeves through a connecting rod, one end of each connecting rod is hinged with the gripper, the other end of each connecting rod is hinged with the threaded sleeves, the bottom ends of the grippers are provided with clamping parts, each clamping part comprises a supporting disk, a flexible air bag and an air pump, the supporting disk is hinged with the grippers, the flexible air bags are connected with the supporting disk (are propped open by the supporting disk), the flexible air bags are provided with air filling channels, the air pumps are electrically connected with the processor, the air outlet ends of the air filling channels are communicated with inlets of the air filling channels, the flexible air bags on each gripper are arranged inwards to form a clamping area for clamping materials, undersize of the disc-shaped screen is discharged onto the conveyor belt, and sorting residual materials of the intelligent screening component are discharged onto the pyrolysis furnace.
Further, the moving part includes sideslip line rail, indulges line rail, lifting unit, the stiff end of sideslip line rail with the stiff end of conveyer belt is connected, indulge the stiff end of moving the line rail with the expansion end of sideslip line rail is connected, lifting unit includes threaded rod, sliding seat, the sliding seat with indulge the expansion end swing joint who moves the line rail, the sliding seat removes in vertical direction, the threaded rod with indulge the expansion end rotation connection that moves the line rail, and with the sliding seat passes through threaded connection, the mount pad with the sliding seat is connected.
Furthermore, the primary screening part also comprises a star disk screen and a winnowing machine, oversize materials of the dish screen are discharged onto the star disk screen, undersize materials of the star disk screen are discharged onto the pyrolysis furnace, oversize materials of the star disk screen are discharged onto the winnowing machine, and heavy materials screened by the winnowing machine are discharged onto the pyrolysis furnace.
Further, elementary screening part still includes magnet separator, eddy current separator, the oversize of dish-shaped sieve, undersize all pass through the magnet separator magnetic separation, the oversize of dish-shaped sieve passes through the eddy current separator is selected separately.
Furthermore, the intelligent screening part is provided with a plurality of intelligent screening parts, the intelligent screening part further comprises a winnowing machine, and after oversize materials of the disc-shaped screen are winnowed by the winnowing machine, the heavy materials and the light materials are respectively discharged onto the conveyor belts of different intelligent screening parts.
Furthermore, the primary screening part also comprises a photoelectric separator, light materials screened by the winnowing machine connected with the star disk screen are discharged to the photoelectric separator, and screening residual materials of the photoelectric separator are discharged to the pyrolysis furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention aims at the places with backward economic conditions similar to rural areas and high dispersion degree of residents, can effectively treat domestic garbage, reduce pollution, fully recycle, reduce and harmlessly treat the domestic garbage, and overcomes the defect that the garbage treatment means in the prior art cannot adapt to the rural environment.
2. The intelligent screening part can make up the defect that the existing screening part can only rely on the shape or quality of materials to carry out screening, sorts out resources of different types, fully recovers recyclable resources, and can classify the resources of different types, thereby facilitating subsequent processing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the comprehensive treatment method of household garbage according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an intelligent screening apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a view of the robot arm;
fig. 4 is an enlarged view of fig. 3 at a.
List of reference numerals
The method comprises the following steps of 1-a plate feeder, 2-a distributor, 3-a rough crusher, 4-a disc sieve, 5-an eddy current separator, 6-a winnowing machine, 7-a disc sieve, 8-a pyrolysis furnace, 9-a photoelectric separator, 10-an intelligent screening device, 11-a conveyor belt, 12-a transverse moving track, 13-a longitudinal moving track, 14-a movable seat, 15-a threaded rod, 16-a mechanical arm, 17-a screw rod, 18-a mounting seat, 19-a gripper, 20-a threaded sleeve, 21-a connecting rod, 22-a flexible air bag, 23-a supporting plate and 24-an air filling channel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, integrally connected, or detachably connected; may be communication within two elements; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention in specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to solve the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a method for comprehensively treating household garbage, which comprises the following steps:
s1, garbage pretreatment: breaking bags, deodorizing and disinfecting the collected garbage, then crushing and scattering the garbage by a rough crusher 3 and a material distributor 2, and manually screening out large non-combustible materials and large combustible materials; aiming at the characteristics of backward rural economic conditions and high dispersion degree of residents, when the method is used, the garbage can be collected and intensively transported to a stacking place according to the field planning coverage range under the appropriate transportation cost, all the concentration points form nodes to completely cover the whole area, the garbage can be pretreated after being collected, such as bag breaking, deodorization, disinfection and the like, large interferents and harmful garbage in the garbage can are manually screened out and then are sent into a material distributor 2 for further treatment through a plate feeder 1.
By reasonably setting the garbage treatment amount, garbage collected on the same day can be treated on the same day by using the method without arranging a garbage storage pit, the generation amount of garbage leachate of a small amount of garbage is less, and the leachate is pyrolyzed after entering the pyrolysis furnace 8 along with the garbage, so that a garbage leachate collecting pool is not required to be arranged, and the falling cost is reduced.
S2, primary screening: send into 4 screenings of dish-shaped sieve with rubbish, 4 adaptability of dish-shaped sieve are good, through the space of adjustment dish, can rationally effectively separate out different specification and dimension's material, again, the handling capacity of dish sieve is 4 times of the traditional drum sieve of the same size of a body, the effect efficiency of screening is 2 times of drum sieve, after the screening, send into the magnet separator with the material that dish-shaped sieve 4 was selected, select ferrous metal, and will send into eddy current sorter 5 through the remainder after the magnet separator screening, select non ferrous metal. Screening the undersize material subjected to magnetic separation by using a star disk screen 7, separating fine particle inert materials such as sand stones and glass in the domestic garbage and the kitchen garbage, feeding the undersize material screened by the star disk screen 7 into a pyrolysis furnace 8 for pyrolysis, winnowing the oversize material screened by the star disk screen 7 by using a winnowing machine 6, feeding the heavy material into the pyrolysis furnace 8 for pyrolysis, screening light materials out plastics by using photoelectric separation, feeding the rest materials subjected to photoelectric separation into the pyrolysis furnace 8 for decomposition, and screening the oversize material screened by using a disc screen 4 by using wind separation to separate the heavy materials and the light materials;
s3, intelligent screening: the heavy materials and the light materials obtained in the preliminary screening step are respectively sent to the intelligent screening equipment 10 for screening, the intelligent screening equipment 10 is provided with a mechanical arm 16 and an identification module, the identification module can identify recyclable resources such as paper, textile fabrics, glass, rubber, brick, tile and stone blocks in the materials, the recyclable resources are sorted out through the mechanical arm 16, and the sorted residual materials are sent to the pyrolysis furnace 8 for decomposition. The material types are identified through the identification module, and the defect that the screening equipment in the previous step cannot accurately and respectively identify different resources is overcome. The recycled different resources can be subjected to primary processing according to needs, for example, the plastics can be prepared into plastic particles through disinfection, dry cleaning, packaging and crushing, the waste fabrics can be prepared into regenerated cloth through classification, disassembly, sterilization and finishing, the waste paper boards and the waste metals are intensively packaged for sale and utilization, the residues after combustion in the pyrolysis furnace 8 are used as fillers, special cementing materials are added, and the municipal bricks and the like are prepared through special processing.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, on the basis of the comprehensive household garbage treatment method, in order to meet the process requirements, the invention provides a comprehensive household garbage treatment system for the comprehensive household garbage treatment method, which comprises a feeding part, a primary screening part, an intelligent screening part and a pyrolysis furnace 8, wherein the feeding part comprises a coarse crusher 3 and a distributor 2, an outlet of the distributor 2 is communicated with an inlet of the coarse crusher 3, the primary screening part comprises a disc-shaped screen 4, an inlet of the disc-shaped screen 4 is communicated with an outlet of the coarse crusher 3, the intelligent screening part comprises a conveyor belt 11, a mechanical arm 16, an identification module, a processor and a moving part, the moving part is connected with the conveyor belt 11, the mechanical arm 16 is connected with the moving part, the moving part is used for moving the mechanical arm 16, and the identification module is electrically connected with the processor, the material detection device is used for identifying materials on the conveyor belt 11, the mechanical arm 16 is electrically connected with the processor, the mechanical arm 16 comprises an installation base 18, a plurality of grippers 19, a screw rod 17 and a threaded sleeve 20, the screw rod 17 is rotatably connected with the installation base 18, the grippers 19 are arranged around the circumference of the screw rod 17, the top end of each gripper 19 is hinged with the installation base 18, the threaded sleeve 20 is in threaded connection with the screw rod 17, each gripper 19 is respectively connected with the threaded sleeve 20 through a connecting rod 21, one end of each connecting rod 21 is hinged with the corresponding gripper 19, the other end of each connecting rod 21 is hinged with the corresponding threaded sleeve 20, the bottom end of each gripper 19 is provided with a clamping part, each clamping part comprises a supporting plate 23, a flexible air bag 22 and an air pump, the supporting plate 23 is hinged with the corresponding gripper 19, and the flexible air bag 22 is connected with the supporting plate 23 (is propped open by the supporting plate 23), the flexible air bags 22 are provided with air filling channels 24, the air pump is electrically connected with the processor, air outlet ends of the air filling channels are communicated with inlets of the air filling channels 24, the flexible air bags 22 on the grippers 19 are arranged inwards to form clamping areas for clamping materials, undersize materials of the disc-shaped sieve 4 are discharged onto the conveyor belt 11, and sorting residual materials of the intelligent screening component are discharged onto the pyrolysis furnace 8. The rubbish is sent into cloth machine 2, the warp cloth machine 2 sends rubbish into the 3 broken backs of coarse crusher, send into dish sieve 4 and sieve, intelligent screening part sets up a plurality of, intelligent screening part still includes air separator 6, dish sieve 4's oversize thing via air separator 6 selection by winnowing separates heavy material, light material, and heavy material, light material arrange respectively to on the conveyer belt 11 of different intelligent screening parts. The intelligent screening component can sort out different types of resources, and make up the defect that the existing screening component can only sort out by depending on the shape or quality of materials, specifically, after the materials are conveyed to the conveyor belt 11, the type of garbage is identified by the identification module, various types of garbage such as plastics, rubber, paper and the like are respectively sorted out by the mechanical arm 16, when the mechanical arm 16 works, the data of the identification module is transmitted to the processor, the processor moves the mechanical arm 16 to a specified position according to the data of the identification module, the opening and closing of the gripper 19 of the mechanical arm 16 can be controlled by controlling the rotation of the screw rod 17, when the screw rod 17 rotates to move the threaded sleeve 20 upwards, each gripper 19 is closed to clamp the garbage, when the mechanical arm 16 moves to a placing position, the screw rod 17 rotates to move the threaded sleeve 20 downwards, the grippers 19 are separated to release the garbage, in the prior art, the grippers 19 of most mechanical arms 16 are hard structures, most of the garbage is irregular structures, so that the contact area of the grippers 19 and the garbage is too small when the garbage is used, and the garbage often falls off.
Furthermore, the flexible air bag 22 is provided with an air filling channel 24, and the air pump is electrically connected with the processor, so that the air pressure intensity in the flexible air bag 22 can be changed according to the type and the size of the garbage, and the adaptability of the clamping part is further improved.
After the screening process, the screening residues are decomposed through the pyrolysis furnace 8, the pyrolysis furnace 8 has the advantages of small occupied area and low investment and operation cost, is suitable for rural environments, can avoid occupying too much land to reduce the cultivated land area, and can be implemented in places with relatively laggard economic conditions.
For the purpose of moving the mechanical arm 16, the moving part comprises a traverse linear rail 12, a longitudinal linear rail 13 and a lifting part, the fixed end of the traverse linear rail 12 is connected with the fixed end of the conveyor belt 11, the fixed end of the longitudinal linear rail 13 is connected with the movable end of the traverse linear rail 12, the lifting part comprises a threaded rod 15 and a movable seat 14, the movable seat 14 is movably connected with the movable end of the longitudinal linear rail 13, the movable seat 14 moves in the vertical direction, the threaded rod 15 is rotatably connected with the movable end of the longitudinal linear rail 13 and is connected with the movable seat 14 through threads, and the mounting seat 18 is connected with the movable seat 14. Under the action of the traverse linear rail 12 and the longitudinal linear rail 13, the mechanical arm 16 can move along the X axis and the Y axis, the mechanical arm 16 can move along the Z axis by rotating the threaded rod 15, and under the action of the three, the mechanical arm 16 can move to any position within a certain range, so that the purpose of sorting garbage is achieved.
Further, the primary screening part further comprises a star disk screen 7 and a winnowing machine 6, oversize materials of the disc screen 4 are discharged to the position above the star disk screen 7, undersize materials of the star disk screen 7 are discharged to the pyrolysis furnace 8, oversize materials of the star disk screen are discharged to the winnowing machine 6, and heavy materials screened by the winnowing machine 6 are discharged to the pyrolysis furnace 8. For the small-sized garbage screened by the star disk screen 7, which also comprises part of available resources, the light garbage such as plastics can be screened out by the air separator 6, and the plastics can be screened out by the photoelectric separator 9.
Further, elementary screening part still includes magnet separator, eddy current separator 5, the oversize of dish sieve 4, undersize all pass through the magnet separator magnetic separation, the oversize of dish sieve 4 passes through eddy current separator 5 is selected separately. Because the disk-shaped sieve 4 can not separate out metal resources in the garbage, and part of the metal resources are in fine particles, ferrous metals and nonferrous metals in the garbage can be screened out through the magnetic separator and the eddy current separator 5, and the maximum utilization of the resources is realized.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the embodiments in the above-described embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The comprehensive household garbage treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, garbage pretreatment: breaking bags, deodorizing and disinfecting the collected garbage, then crushing and scattering the garbage by a rough crusher (3) and a material distributor (2), and manually screening out large non-combustible materials and large combustible materials;
s2, primary screening: the garbage is fed into a disc-shaped sieve (4) to be sieved, undersize materials sieved by the disc-shaped sieve (4) are sieved by a star-disc sieve (7), undersize materials sieved by the star-disc sieve (7) are fed into a pyrolysis furnace (8) to be pyrolyzed, oversize materials sieved by the star-disc sieve (7) are winnowed by a winnower (6), heavy materials are fed into the pyrolysis furnace (8) to be pyrolyzed, light materials are screened out of plastics through photoelectric separation, remaining materials subjected to photoelectric separation are fed into the pyrolysis furnace (8) to be decomposed, and oversize materials sieved by the disc-shaped sieve (4) are screened out of the heavy materials and the light materials through wind separation;
s3, intelligent screening: the heavy materials and the light materials obtained in the preliminary screening step are respectively sent into an intelligent screening device (10) for screening, the intelligent screening device (10) is provided with a mechanical arm (16) and an identification module, the identification module can identify recyclable resources such as paper, textile fabrics, glass, rubber, tiles and stones in the materials, the recyclable resources are sorted out through the mechanical arm (16), and the sorted residual materials are sent into a pyrolysis furnace (8) for decomposition.
2. The comprehensive household garbage treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: further comprising S4: and (4) feeding the material screened by the disk-shaped screen (4) into a magnetic separator to screen ferrous metal.
3. The comprehensive household garbage treatment method and system according to claim 2, wherein: further comprising S5: and (5) feeding the remainder screened by the magnetic separator in the step S4 into an eddy current separator (5) to screen out nonferrous metals.
4. The comprehensive household garbage treatment method and system according to claim 1, wherein the comprehensive household garbage treatment method comprises the following steps: and (4) conveying the garbage in the S1 into a distributing machine (2) through a plate feeder (1), and manually screening out large interfering substances and harmful garbage in the garbage before conveying.
5. A domestic waste integrated processing system for the domestic waste integrated processing method is characterized in that: including feed unit, elementary screening part, intelligent screening part and pyrolysis oven (8), feed unit includes coarse breaker (3), cloth machine (2), the export of cloth machine (2) with the entry intercommunication of coarse breaker (3), elementary screening part includes dish sieve (4), the entry of dish sieve (4) with the export intercommunication of coarse breaker (3), intelligent screening part includes conveyer belt (11), arm (16), identification module, treater and moving part, moving part with conveyer belt (11) are connected, arm (16) with moving part connects, moving part is used for removing arm (16), identification module with treater electric connection is used for discerning the material on conveyer belt (11), arm (16) with treater electric connection, the mechanical arm (16) comprises an installation seat (18), a plurality of grippers (19), a screw rod (17) and a threaded sleeve (20), the screw rod (17) is rotatably connected with the installation seat (18), the grippers (19) are arranged around the circumference of the screw rod (17), the top ends of the grippers (19) are hinged to the installation seat (18), the threaded sleeve (20) is in threaded connection with the screw rod (17), each gripper (19) is connected with the threaded sleeve (20) through a connecting rod (21), one end of each connecting rod (21) is hinged to the gripper (19), the other end of each connecting rod is hinged to the threaded sleeve (20), a clamping part is arranged at the bottom end of each gripper (19), the clamping part comprises a supporting plate (23), a flexible air bag (22) and an air pump, the supporting plate (23) is hinged to the gripper (19), the flexible air bag (22) is connected with the supporting plate (23) (propped open by the supporting plate (23), be provided with air entrainment passageway (24) on flexible gasbag (22), the air pump with treater electric connection, its give vent to anger the end with the entry intercommunication of air entrainment passageway (24), flexible gasbag (22) on each tongs (19) all set up inwards, form the clamping area that is used for the centre gripping material, the screen underflow thing of dish sieve (4) is arranged to on conveyer belt (11), the letter sorting surplus material of intelligent screening part is arranged to pyrolysis oven (8).
6. The comprehensive household garbage treatment method and system according to claim 5, wherein the comprehensive household garbage treatment method comprises the following steps: the moving part comprises a transverse moving line rail (12), a longitudinal moving line rail (13) and a lifting part, wherein the fixed end of the transverse moving line rail (12) is connected with the fixed end of the conveying belt (11), the fixed end of the longitudinal moving line rail (13) is connected with the movable end of the transverse moving line rail (12), the lifting part comprises a threaded rod (15) and a movable seat (14), the movable seat (14) is movably connected with the movable end of the longitudinal moving line rail (13), the movable seat (14) moves in the vertical direction, the threaded rod (15) is rotatably connected with the movable end of the longitudinal moving line rail (13), the movable seat (14) is connected through threads, and the mounting seat (18) is connected with the movable seat (14).
7. The comprehensive household garbage treatment method and system according to claim 6, wherein: the primary screening part further comprises a star disk screen (7) and a winnowing machine (6), oversize materials of the dish-shaped screen (4) are discharged onto the star disk screen (7), undersize materials of the star disk screen (7) are discharged onto the pyrolysis furnace (8), oversize materials of the pyrolysis furnace are discharged onto the winnowing machine (6), and heavy materials screened by the winnowing machine (6) are discharged onto the pyrolysis furnace (8).
8. The comprehensive household garbage treatment method and system according to claim 7, wherein: elementary screening part still includes magnet separator, eddy current sorter (5), the oversize of dish sieve (4), undersize all pass through the magnet separator magnetic separation, the oversize of dish sieve (4) passes through eddy current sorter (5) is selected separately.
9. The comprehensive household garbage treatment method and system according to claim 8, wherein: the intelligent screening part is provided with a plurality of intelligent screening parts, the intelligent screening part further comprises a winnowing machine (6), oversize products of the disc-shaped screen (4) are respectively discharged onto the conveyor belts (11) of the different intelligent screening parts after the winnowing machine (6) winnowing.
10. The comprehensive household garbage treatment method and system according to claim 9, wherein: the primary screening part further comprises a photoelectric separator (9), light materials screened by the winnowing machine (6) connected with the star disk screen (7) are discharged to the photoelectric separator (9), and screened residual materials of the photoelectric separator (9) are discharged to the pyrolysis furnace (8).
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